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China Plans $47 Billion Fund To Boost Its Semiconductor Industry (wsj.com)

An anonymous reader quotes a report from The Wall Street Journal: In a move that could further heighten tensions with the U.S., China is poised to announce a new fund of about $47.4 billion (Warning: source may be paywalled; alternative source) to spur development of its semiconductor industry as it seeks to close the technology gap with the U.S. and other rivals, according to people familiar with the matter. The new war chest by the government-backed China Integrated Circuit Industry Investment Fund Co. follows a similar fund launched in 2014 that raised $21.8 billion, largely funded by central and local government-backed enterprises and industry players. Among other efforts, the fund would be used to improve China's ability to design and manufacture advanced microprocessors and graphic-processing units, one of the people said. Specific details including the amount could change, another person said.

120 comments

  1. We need to stop educating Chinese engineers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Insightful

    They come here, learn all the skillz, and then run home and undercut us. It's disgraceful and should be considered a national crime against America. It's too bad we do this to ourselves, and allow this to occur. Hoisted by our own petards.

    1. Re: We need to stop educating Chinese engineers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Nonsense.

      An Wang invented the first CPU.

      I've been to China many, many times, and they all admit we have what they will never have: freedom of thought. Granted, people like you would love to make us all skim milk White like you and very mundane intellectually like yourself.

      Crawl into a corner and die. Do mankind a favor and remove yourself from the gene-pool.

    2. Re: We need to stop educating Chinese engineers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      My disdain for the Chinese is more frustration than anything else. They have a problem of totalitarianism. Do humanity a favor and stop it there! Don't enable it to be empowered to spread and thrust all humanity into a totalitarian dark age.

    3. Re:We need to stop educating Chinese engineers by jellomizer · · Score: 1, Interesting

      1. How many of them stay in the US, and use their education and skills to support the United States?
      2. Are you implying that the US cannot design competitive or superior products by itself, so we need to actively undercut other nations so we stay on top?
      3. What make you think that Chinese cannot get quality education in China or other countries as well?
      4. If we cannot be competitive with American Engineers trained in America, why would you assume there is any value to China to send students to learn our engineering, if our stuff is such a failure?

      It seems that Modern Nationalism is an odd mix of American Exceptionalism mixed with a feeling on inadequacy of what they can do.

      The world had recovered from WWII... America was the only player in town, for about 50 years. And now others are joining in, America was found that it wasn't practicing to improve itself (aged infrastructure and outdated policies and procedures...) Policies to try to stop innovation in other countries is going to be a net loss to the world. US will need to invest into making itself modern.

      --
      If something is so important that you feel the need to post it on the internet... It probably isn't that important.
    4. Re: We need to stop educating Chinese engineers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Nonsense.

      An Wang invented the first CPU.

      I've been to China many, many times, and they all admit we have what they will never have: freedom of thought. Granted, people like you would love to make us all skim milk White like you and very mundane intellectually like yourself.

      Crawl into a corner and die. Do mankind a favor and remove yourself from the gene-pool.

      Perhaps you should join them?

    5. Re: We need to stop educating Chinese engineers by nnappe · · Score: 2

      That's how a good part of the world feels of the USA too. China has its problems, I'm not sure they are significantly worse than the American problems though. And yes, I have been to both places, China for a month, US a lot more than that, several times.
      There's a Party in the States, and although it pretends to be a multitude of (2?) Voices, the truth is that its will is as total as the will of the CP in China. It's not quite as bad in the rest of the developed world.

    6. Re: We need to stop educating Chinese engineers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You're just a retarded naive liberal. America has TWO liberal parties who work in unison to oppress the working class, and extract value from them, while giving them only a fake choice between two political brands.

      Americucks are SO fucking stupid, they believe they live in a democracy, but that doesn't extend into the workplace, and workplace democracy is the only democracy worthy of the name.

    7. Re: We need to stop educating Chinese engineers by DNS-and-BIND · · Score: 1

      Nope. What happened was that the US government deliberately ruined its working and middle classes by leaving American markets wide open to the world while okaying protectionism by everyone else. In this way they provided a gigantic bribe to stay on our side in the Cold War. The war ended 30 years ago but the policies did not. Let's be honest, who the hell cares if ordinary Americans are destroyed? Certainly not the Left, nor anyone who rejects Americanisn and calls themselves citizens of the world.

      --
      Shutting down free speech with violence isn't fighting fascism. It IS fascism!
    8. Re: We need to stop educating Chinese engineers by DaMattster · · Score: 1

      In America, anyone who is not wealthy is deemed an economic drag on society.

    9. Re: We need to stop educating Chinese engineers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      But 9-11 was a Jew job. God bless China!
      ae911truth dot org

    10. Re: We need to stop educating Chinese engineers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Too late, they got nukes.

    11. Re: We need to stop educating Chinese engineers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Do you have a source?

      The Wikipedia page for the CPU does not mention An Wang. And the Wikipedia page for An Wang does not mention the CPU.

    12. Re: We need to stop educating Chinese engineers by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 1

      The invention was 1949, though.
      And already copied by basically every computer manufactor before the patent 1955 was field. That kind of memory was wide spread in use till around 1980!
      And some companies, like "Deutsche Bahn" (German Railway) still use it. In this case in signaling software. or do you call that "hardware" :D

      --
      Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
    13. Re:We need to stop educating Chinese engineers by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 1

      My town, Karlsruhe, is full with Chinese students. Probably close to 10,000. You can not go anywhere without seeing a Chinese.

      Considering that they basically have to pay no fee, I guess they prefer meanwhile to study in Europe instead of the USA.

      It is much easier for them anyway. 20 years ago they only could study here in controlled groups with a polit officer assigned. So they rarely went out, or simply could not afford to go out. Now you have them everywhere, usually as couples (that is new, too) or in small groups.

      20 years ago, you only saw them in groups of 20 or 30, "controlled" by a polit officer.

      --
      Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
    14. Re:We need to stop educating Chinese engineers by gweihir · · Score: 1

      Ahahahahahaha, nice one! In actual fact, the US needs to import bright people with good education as its school system in incredibly broken. As to the university education for Chinese that go back home, they can get that elsewhere just as well.

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    15. Re: We need to stop educating Chinese engineers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Lets see how long you last when you criticize the Chinese government in China.

    16. Re:We need to stop educating Chinese engineers by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      What? Chinese grad students did _not_ have polit officers in the USA 20 years ago, or 30 years ago, or 40. Perhaps before that, I don't know.

      They did generally watch what they said in public and especially to any media.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    17. Re: We need to stop educating Chinese engineers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      who the hell cares if ordinary Americans are destroyed?

      HA! Look at the election results over the last 60 years, buddy! Americans are destroying themselves! All your problems are self inflicted. So you can stop with the shtick, okay?

    18. Re: We need to stop educating Chinese engineers by dsgrntlxmply · · Score: 1

      The first program that I ever wrote for a stored program control computer (Barrowman equations for model rocket center of pressure), was for Wang's programmable calculator circa 1969. The program was punched into IBM Port-a-Punch cards (much later identified with the Florida "hanging chad" election ruckus), which were placed by hand one at a time, into a sort of waffle iron reader device.

      The Wang calculator used both Wang's core memory, and a second patent on circuitry to calculate a logarithm and to use the logarithm in other calculations.

    19. Re:We need to stop educating Chinese engineers by sabbede · · Score: 1
      You're leaving out the most important thing they learn while here - that freedom is awesome. We spend a couple of years teaching them the benefits of free speech, of uncensored information, and they learn all the things the Party doesn't want them to know. They learn to like living the way we do and to like us in general.

      Then they go home and have it all ripped away. How long before they get sick of it? How long before they tear the Party down?

      Chinese students return to a government that is destructive to the ends which government is supposed to promote. They've been introduced to our Declaration of Independence. They know what to do about it.

    20. Re:We need to stop educating Chinese engineers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      They know what to do, and they're well educated enough to not want to do that. It's easier to live in a tyranny than to die trying for freedom.

    21. Re: We need to stop educating Chinese engineers by Brockmire · · Score: 0

      Nonsense? Which part? What was your point? An Wang was Chinese born and Harvard educated. While the companies may have been incorporated in America, they were essentially Chinese.

    22. Re: We need to stop educating Chinese engineers by Brockmire · · Score: 0

      He was referring to Germany, not USA. I read it as it has changed over the years so it's favourable to the Chinese since it's not as restrictive as before. I think the part about US was just in reference to needing to pay for education instead of free in Germany.

  2. bubbles by Ryanrule · · Score: 2

    one bubble to the next in china, all with public funds.

    1. Re:bubbles by jellomizer · · Score: 1

      Too much public funds isn't self sustaining, it is just as having venture capitalist putting money into a startup. It gives you the money to get going, but you will need to pay the piper after a while. Also government funds are not unlimited and not without consequences. Also like any country, if you take government funds, you will need to play by the government rules, and have extra rules tied to that money, which often makes growth more difficult.

      --
      If something is so important that you feel the need to post it on the internet... It probably isn't that important.
    2. Re:bubbles by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That's quite short-sightet. The reason new platforms have it hard establishing themselves is a) they lack support because there are not instances of them running and b) they have not many instances running, because they lack support

      It's a miracle to me, why the EU has left the US in charge of their computing platforms powering everything from infrastructure to military platforms. It's not surprising, that both china and russia want to escape the vicious cycle the hardware and software markets caught them in

      the only way to escape this vicious cycle is by pouring a lot of money in - i had estimated in the whereabouts of 10 to 20 billions in a recent discussion with a co-worker

      If China's plan is only half successful, Intel and AMD will join Motorola, NEC and Unisys in the league of companies only administering their remaining wealth and patents from the time they were big players in the market

      At the same time, China's investment will reap fiscal benefits apart from independence of an increasingly untrustworthy US

  3. good for china by WindBourne · · Score: 0, Flamebait

    Seriously, this is what America USED to do by investing into America. Now, we send our money out to whomever is buying off (bribing) our politicians. These days, it is whoever putin says.

    --
    I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
    1. Re:good for china by jellomizer · · Score: 0

      There are a lot of problems in play. But on the politics side, the two party system is taring the country apart. The Left is getting more liberal pushing towards a socialized government that most Americans do not want, and are afraid of. The Right is getting more conservative pushing towards an evangelical christian state. When either side gets in power they putting increasing effort into punishing the minority, which in turns makes the minority side even more likely to unify towards their leaning, so they are more unified to fight back against the oppression that the other-side is giving to them.

      The thing is the lying politician of old, couldn't keep their promises, because they knew they had to make a compromise to meet the greater good. Today we not compromising, each side is seeing the other as pure evil, so they are doing everything they can to stop each other, without seeing that both sides have benefits that need to be encouraged, and a negative aspect that should be reduced.

      --
      If something is so important that you feel the need to post it on the internet... It probably isn't that important.
    2. Re: good for china by DaMattster · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Actually, the last election suggested that more Americans are fed up with income inequality and poor or no access to healthcare. Teachers in deeply red states are moving to the left politically because they see what the conservative politician is doing to their income. They're finally seeing that the right is the wolf in sheep's clothing. Most Americans confuse socialism with communism because they've been indoctrinated by the right. In reality, more socialist policies are good for the middle and lower classes. They're not so good for the wealthy. If you want to fix America, start really manufacturing here and stop the tide towards a service economy. Third world countries are largely service economies.

    3. Re:good for china by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Heil Hillary! Good work, the Democratic Party troll farm needs you. Join now! ae911truth dot org

    4. Re: good for china by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      None of your comment reflects reality. The poor have full access to healthcare, teachers have always been at the left end of the political spectrum and the economy is doing fine. Americans don't want either socialism or communism.

    5. Re:good for china by Opportunist · · Score: 3, Insightful

      The problem here is that the rhetoric is required for politicians to get elected. It would seem logical for politicians to move towards the center because they try to cater to voters on the other side of their fence, knowing that they will get the votes from their side anyway, but that doesn't take primaries into account. Primaries mean that only the most radical and most insane ones actually have a chance to run for an office because in primaries, you will primarily see the fringe voters go to support "their" candidate.

      And then you're sitting in an election with two complete lunatics to choose from, so you pick the one that is at least not as completely insane as the other one.

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
    6. Re: good for china by Opportunist · · Score: 1

      You lost me at those last two sentences, if anything the tertiary sector, i.e. services, requires a local customer base, able and willing to spend money on a service, i.e. something you probably could do yourself in most cases.

      How is this a hallmark of an economy where you have very few people with disposable income?

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
    7. Re:good for china by ColdWetDog · · Score: 1

      Really? The US is run out of a medium sized city (Tel-Aviv - the country is basically Tel-Aviv and some surrounding military bases, orange groves and tourist spots)? The entirety of the United States economic and political efforts as well as a major industrial sector is run out of someplace the size of New Jersey?

      I'm impressed.

      --
      Faster! Faster! Faster would be better!
    8. Re:good for china by skam240 · · Score: 1

      In terms of the presidency what you describe isn't very common.Very few of our presidential candidates from the last several decades weren't centrists.

      --
      I ignore Anonymous Coward posts. If you want to discuss something, that's awesome. Log in.
    9. Re: good for china by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Americans don't want either socialism or communism.

      because americans know everything, just like you do

      we laugh at the imbeciles

    10. Re: good for china by DaMattster · · Score: 1

      At least I had the courage to not hide behind the Anonymous Coward monicker.

    11. Re: good for china by toadlife · · Score: 1

      The poor have full access to healthcare

      No, they don't.

      --
      I don't always use unix-like operating systems; but when I do, I prefer FreeBSD.
    12. Re: good for china by DMJC · · Score: 1

      You're statement about service economies is wrong. Most third world countries rely entirely upon Primary Production (e.g Farming/Mining) to base their economies. Hence we see a complete basket case like Venezuela emerge when their primary resources the economy was based on (oil) crashed in value. Advanced countries have diversified economies with Manufacturing, Service, and Primary Production. To fix the US economy we need to move away from the idea that service sector jobs are the bee's knee's and move toward a more balanced approach that integrates Farming, Mining, Manufacturing and the Service economies together. The problem right now is that manufacturing has been left to rot while chasing service dollars. A balance is required to maintain strong economic growth. Australia has similar problems with the government ditching support for Manufacturing and trying to bet the whole place on mining/farming/services.

    13. Re: good for china by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Marxist call these type of people who don't understand that socialist policies are actually good for the middle/lower classes lumpenproletariats.

    14. Re:good for china by WindBourne · · Score: 1

      that is why we desperately need a new 3rd party with a focus on real centrist policies that put America first and not their GD politics.

      --
      I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
    15. Re:good for china by WindBourne · · Score: 1

      hillary has nothing to do with America. You lose.

      --
      I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
    16. Re: good for china by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      None of your comment reflects reality. The poor have full access to healthcare...

      They have the same full access to Mc Mansions, yachts, luxury vehicles and five star hotels. Trouble is, like health care, none of those things are affordable to them.

    17. Re:good for china by Opportunist · · Score: 1

      We're living in a world that gets more radical by the minute. New parties do emerge in Europe where 5% of the votes is already something you can work with, but all of them are of the radical kind. Moderation is on the way out and we're getting more and more entrenched in our positions, not giving an inch for everyone's afraid to lose a yard in the process. Compromise is seen as weakness, cooperation as betraying your position.

      You want to establish a party of moderation and sensibility in this climate? Good luck, you have my vote, and I guess yours, so we'll probably be about as successful as the parties trying to reestablish the monarchy and that loonies that want to build a christian theocracy.

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
    18. Re:good for china by CaffeinatedBacon · · Score: 1

      Well she did give you Trump...

    19. Re:good for china by WindBourne · · Score: 1

      no. we did that to ourselves. Now, we have a leader that, like you and your nation, loves coal. Just what we do not need.

      --
      I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
    20. Re:good for china by CaffeinatedBacon · · Score: 1

      If you are referring to me Windy, I dislike coal. But I dislike entitled assholes more...

    21. Re: good for china by WindBourne · · Score: 1

      Porky, if you hated coal, then u would be against it. But you always defend with loads of lies. As to entitled? Nope. I put myself through college and have worked since I wAs 8 y.o. to make money. And if u hated assholes, you would have suicides long ago.

      --
      I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
    22. Re: good for china by CaffeinatedBacon · · Score: 1

      I'm against coal, but don't feel the need to lie about it in every post like some people...

      I'm against entitled assholes who are a much bigger problem. Despite China's coal use, they are still less than half your per capita emissions. Like you mentioned earlier, despite the US dropping for 25 years and China rising for 25 years. You still haven't cleaned up to their level and they haven't increased to yours. The real problem is you and people like you who are too afraid to look in the mirror and see who the real polluters are. You are twice China and way above the world average but pretend to be solving the problem. Maybe you are really that stupid and think it's not you? Either way you are the much bigger problem than coal.

      You still haven't show a single lie Windy. I've shown many of yours. You have no credibility.

    23. Re: good for china by CaffeinatedBacon · · Score: 1

      I should have read to the end of your post...
      Suicide you can generally only do once...
      If you really went to college I'd ask for a refund.

  4. Details of the plan revealed! by 140Mandak262Jamuna · · Score: 2, Insightful

    They will fund the US semi conductor industry with 40 billion dollars and fund 7 billion dollars in the 701st Cyber Warrior Division, The Red Weasels, to steal the secrets from those companies.

    --
    sed -e 's/Chuck Norris/Rajnikant/g' joke > fact
  5. You have it backwards by tomhath · · Score: 1

    The US still invests plenty in technology. This is in response to the US crack down on Chinese engineers working on high tech projects and sending the technology home. Now China will have to try and develop it themselves.

    1. Re:You have it backwards by CaffeinatedBacon · · Score: 1

      This is in direct response to America trying to ban Chinese telecom companies from competing in the US.

    2. Re:You have it backwards by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      They built a wall.

  6. Invest or reproduce stolen tech by ITRambo · · Score: 0

    China has been stealing Western technology for decades. I don't believe they could advance as fast as they plan to without using stolen technology. Now, we'll need to wait and see if their "new" chips have the same security holes as recently unveiled Intel processors do.

    1. Re:Invest or reproduce stolen tech by 110010001000 · · Score: 1

      It isn't stealing because there is no law against it. Information wants to be free.

    2. Re:Invest or reproduce stolen tech by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      All information belongs to all of humanity. Simple as.

    3. Re:Invest or reproduce stolen tech by jbmartin6 · · Score: 2

      I don't know the first thing about manufacturing computing hardware. Now I see why, Chinese students have stolen all my knowledge.

      --
      This posting is provided 'AS IS' without warranty of any kind, implied or otherwise.
    4. Re:Invest or reproduce stolen tech by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 1

      Buying a steel plant in Germany.
      Disassembling it, putting numbers on every part, assembling it back in China, hiring the original crew to school the new crew: that is not stealing! That is business.

      --
      Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
    5. Re:Invest or reproduce stolen tech by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 1

      But you still have your knowledge, or did they booze you first?

      --
      Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
  7. Comment removed by account_deleted · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Comment removed based on user account deletion

  8. That's GOOD ! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    A large nation such as China should not be mostly dependent on foreign semiconductors. Neither should America be dependent on Chinese phones.

    Millions of manufacturing jobs in America and Europe have been lost, with effects like "50% unemployed youth in Spain" or "millions of young men unemployed and game-addicted in the US".

    "Free Trade" is a means to an end, not a virtue in itself. If it destroys your nation, then put some serious brakes onto it. The only beneficiaries of this free trade thing are the globocorporations+bankers such as Apple, Google, Daimler, VW, G-S etc. And even those will not be required any more as soon as the Chinese have all their IP. Check Nortel Corp to see how this can play out. Or check SEL Alcatel, once a powerful German telecom equipment company. Both dead due to Chinese state capital ("Huwawei", "ZTE").

    Trump is not the smartest cookie, but at least he fights for American workers, instead of fighting for the internationalist of moneychangers.

    1. Re:That's GOOD ! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      My NYT reading brother who isn't as smart as he thinks he is put me onto an interesting conspiracy theory: Trump is going senile before our eyes. I actually believe he is right. Trump almost doesn't matter at all. The deep state is in control. He's just a useful fall guy and propagandist.

  9. Good and Bad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Good in that any investment has the potential to improve existing semiconductor technologies. Good that China has enough local talent to start advancing the technology. Bad in that countries like China are better at securing their technology innovations and research than the West. Bad in that the West's policies have been investing in industries than in pure research.

  10. Really ? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I am living in a major NATO economic power. The Chinese students were invited to STUDY FOR FREE at our best universities. Our super stupid government probably even paid them housing during their studies.

    Now the cream of them have moved back to China, full with top notch engineering knowledge. Why would they need to "spy". It was all 100% legit and due to the stupidness of our government.

    Of course there was some spying on-going, but most communication of technology was probably via legit education and commerce.

    Just studying data sheets of US semiconductors can tell you a boatload of things, if you have a proper EE education. Then build your own version, fix all the issues and build a v2. When you are at v10, chances are your product is competitive and costs 10 percent of the US original.

  11. China Investing in Scientists and Engineers by Artagel · · Score: 1

    China is announcing all sorts of investments in science and engineering. Following through is uneven. They have huge numbers of scientists and engineers. As someone who got a Ph.D. in Chemistry at a top university back in the 1990s, I can tell you that the Chinese students that came here were top-notch, and many wanted to return to China.

    We have been kept afloat by many of these Chinese students staying. I don't think the U.S. could have done what it has on Americans alone. How do we make sure our top people go into science? Even Justice Scalia noticed that too many top minds were going into law.

    https://abovethelaw.com/2009/1...

    1. Re:China Investing in Scientists and Engineers by WindBourne · · Score: 1

      hmmm.
      I was in school both in the 80s and 90s. Sorry, but the Chinese did NOT impress me. Saw a lot of cheating. Read a few papers from some and realized that they had BSed back then. That is why at this time when I see a science paper coming from China, I do not believe it, until it is replicated elsewhere.
      OTOH, The Indians did. They were hard workers and willing to put in similar time on studying and working on projects, thesis, etc.

      However, in general, anybody that comes to American schools, esp from foreign lands, are typically pretty bright.

      --
      I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
  12. Meh by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The established parties in Germany also act as a cartel. They perceive themselves as an elite who must do all the thinking and decisionmaking. No populace required for this !

    1. Re:Meh by Opportunist · · Score: 1

      But as you might have noticed it's possible for new parties to actually emerge and play a role in the political setup of the country. Try that in the US.

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
    2. Re:Meh by skam240 · · Score: 1

      Parties have come and gone in the US. US political parties have also changed quite a bit during different periods of our history. The most recent example would be the Southern realignment of the 60's and 70's that created the modern Democratic and Republican parties we see today. Before that took place the two parties looked very different than they do today.

      Right now we may even be witnessing a major change in party philosophy for both parties.

      --
      I ignore Anonymous Coward posts. If you want to discuss something, that's awesome. Log in.
    3. Re:Meh by Opportunist · · Score: 1

      Ok, let me rephrase this: Parties that can be taken serious. Actually serious enough that they make governments virtually impossible if you try to avoid them.

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
    4. Re:Meh by skam240 · · Score: 1

      Well as I got at before the Democratic and Republican parties have changed in radical enough ways in the past that they might as well be brand new parties. In the realignment I mention above the Democrats went from the party of the South to the party of the North which made for political changes in both parties that were as significant as the geographic switch.

      After that, off the top of my head there were the Federalists and Whigs who were both one of the top two parties in the country at one point. Multiple US presidents belonged to both. Then there were lesser parties like the States Rights party which, while never a major party, were still very influencial. In the case of the States Rights party, it was established mostly by Southern Democrats in the 40's and was only really active in one presidential election but established many of the platforms that the Republocan party would adopt during the above mentioned Southern Realignment a decade later. So much like Europe's Green parties it was never top tier but still influential.

      That's all off the top of my head but should be fairly accurate.

      --
      I ignore Anonymous Coward posts. If you want to discuss something, that's awesome. Log in.
    5. Re:Meh by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The point of GP comment is whether is possible now for example for Green Party, or Libertarian Party, or any party outside Democrat, and Republican Party be relevant/influential in the US. And you know the answer: it's almost impossible. Why can't you answer a direct question with a direct answer?

      And the reason is the US political system said so (by law), and it's stupid really. And what you get now is two corrupt political parties, with narrow political spectrum.

    6. Re:Meh by Opportunist · · Score: 1

      So you have two other parties. What you don't have is two additional parties to choose from.

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
    7. Re:Meh by skam240 · · Score: 1

      You're making a completely different point here from what I was responding to. I responded to the following

      "But as you might have noticed it's possible for new parties to actually emerge and play a role in the political setup of the country. Try that in the US." ...and then I showed that new parties do form and take on prominent roles in the US through both party transformation and literal new party creation.

      Now if you want to talk on that entirely new subject, that's fine. Yes, the US typically only has two major parties at any given time, even when a new one is forming an old one will be dying off. However, most first world country's only have two to three major parties that have a real chance at running their government so we aren't that much different. The big difference between the US and a lot of first world nations is that sometimes smaller parties are needed for coalition building and thus can actually influence government through this process. This allows them to pick up more votes as they actually have a small amount of relevance. Don't kid yourself though, none of these lesser parties stand a chance at actually running their country's government themselves.

      At least in the majority of other first world countries.

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    8. Re:Meh by Opportunist · · Score: 1

      Please... for real? Is your position so weak that you have to resort to meta-discussion?

      What exactly did you think the emerging of a new party would mean? Replacing another one? That's hardly new. That's a replacement. That's not an additional choice, and more often than not it's not even a different one. And you know that.

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
    9. Re:Meh by skam240 · · Score: 1

      What the hell are you talking about? I'm getting meta? "New parties" are new parties.

      There's nothing "meta" about what I'm telling you here. You said ""But as you might have noticed it's possible for new parties to actually emerge and play a role in the political setup of the country. Try that in the US.", and I pointed to incredibly clear examples of it happening in the US. I directly addressed what you said with clear examples of new parties forming in the US.

      Don't get snippy with me because you don't know your US history.

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    10. Re:Meh by Opportunist · · Score: 1

      The last time you actually got a new party it took a civil war. I have no idea what it would take the US to actually get additional parties that aren't just comic relief for it has never been observed.

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
    11. Re:Meh by skam240 · · Score: 1

      "The last time you actually got a new party it took a civil war."

      Your history is failing you again. Assuming the "you" is a typo, no new US political party was formed in regards to the civil war. The Democratic and Republican parties both had pretty much the same platforms before and after the civil war aside from the issues brought up directly by the war and slavery, which was resolved during the war.

      Furthermore, as I suggested before, I'd call the pretty comprehensive political realignment of the two parties that took place in the 60's and 70's as on par with creating new political parties. You're welcome to disagree with that but I won't care.

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    12. Re:Meh by Opportunist · · Score: 1

      Again: Yes, the party (or, as I'd say, the two sides of The Party) change. But essentially there is still no choice. What choice do you have if you have two parties that only differ on minor details, even if they do change it looks like an exercise in synchronous swimming.

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
    13. Re:Meh by skam240 · · Score: 1

      All I was responding to was your claim about no new American parties.

      "What choice do you have if you have two parties that only differ on minor details"

      Addressing this as a separate conversation, it occurs to me that major political parties (as in ones that truly have a shot at running the government) in other Western nations are fairly close together in political beliefs as well. It seems to me that the big difference between major parties in the US and the rest of the Western world is that the parties in the US hover around a center that is farther to the Right on many issues than in the rest of the West. For instance, fiscal conservatives in most of these nations (for instance, Tories in the UK) don't question the need for socialized medicine as a party, they just advocate for the trimming of costs.

      This isn't anything I'm holding firm beliefs on and maybe I'm off on it, it's just something that occurred to me when I was reading what you wrote.

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    14. Re:Meh by Opportunist · · Score: 1

      GB isn't the best example for pluralism in politics either. If you want to see something like this, you probably have to go to Skandinavia or central Europe where 3-5 major parties are the norm that offer the whole spectrum from left to right.

      It's also interesting that "liberalism" is considered left in the US while it's mostly associated with the right in Europe, maybe because in the US when people think of liberalism, they think of the opposite to conservative while in Europe it's usually used in the context of economy with the agenda of lower taxes and fewer social programs. Yes, our liberals are riding on this agenda here.

      This is probably why it's hard to make US and European people understand each other when it comes to political terms. "Liberal" alone is already pretty much the opposite of what the other one would expect from the label.

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
    15. Re:Meh by skam240 · · Score: 1

      "GB isn't the best example for pluralism in politics either. If you want to see something like this, you probably have to go to Skandinavia or central Europe where 3-5 major parties are the norm that offer the whole spectrum from left to right."

      Does this greater number of major parties enlarge the scope of their country's political spectrum though? I've never heard of fiscal conservatism on par with the US represented by any major political party in any of these regions and none of these countries have major parties that I know of that are all that far to the Left by European standards. Key phrase here being, "that I know of".

      "This is probably why it's hard to make US and European people understand each other when it comes to political terms. "Liberal" alone is already pretty much the opposite of what the other one would expect from the label."

      Americans talking to Europeans just need to use the terms "Left" and "Right". Most things translate pretty well after that. It works for me at least.

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    16. Re:Meh by Opportunist · · Score: 1

      What is "left"? What is "right"? A one-dimensional political spectrum is too coarse to properly represent political positions. I would at the very least use a two dimensional system, with the dimension being "social" and "economical" and the values on either being "restrictive" and "liberal". Anything else gets problematic.

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
    17. Re:Meh by skam240 · · Score: 1

      "What is "left"? What is "right"?"

      Left: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...
      Right: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...

      "A one-dimensional political spectrum is too coarse to properly represent political positions. I would at the very least use a two dimensional system, with the dimension being "social" and "economical" and the values on either being "restrictive" and "liberal". Anything else gets problematic."

      So we forgo over a couple of centuries worth of understood language? If you want something more specific, using the universally accepted convention of adding a contextual adjective before or after "Left" or "Right" is both sufficient and less confusing as Left and Right are terms with formal political definitions. Using terms like "restrictive" that don't have a formal political definition is just inviting a debate as to what is in fact restrictive in the context of politics, Is socialized medicine "restrictive"? Some one on the Right would likely say "yes" but some one on the Left could certainly make a case for "no".

      Inventing ones own language for political discourse is nothing more than a good way to confuse people much like how people get confused by America's redefining of the term "Liberal". Meanwhile, the current conventions I describe above are plenty accurate in most contexts and certainly not less so than anything you've proposed so far.

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    18. Re:Meh by Opportunist · · Score: 1

      Ok, what is the difference between Stalinist Russia and post-WW2 Sweden? Both are left. Is Sweden "moderate" left? And thus more "right"? Because you can't get more economic "left" than Communist Russia, can you? Then again, an absolutist government like Stalin's is actually more something you'd attribute to the "far right", along with the leader cult and all. Not unlike Hitler, Franco or Mao. No wait, that last one was "left", right? Where does Gandhi fit into it all? Is he "left"? Where would the likes of ISIS be located? Right wing? They would sure fit the anti-democratic, conservative picture, in the most extreme way. But they didn't strike me as the economic laissez-faire type. So are they left? Where do they fit in?

      Politics is way more complicated than a simple binary system could represent.

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
    19. Re:Meh by skam240 · · Score: 1

      A lot of questions with easy answers here that don't change anything.

      "Is Sweden "moderate" left?"

      Yes.

      "Then again, an absolutist government like Stalin's is actually more something you'd attribute to the "far right", along with the leader cult and all. Not unlike Hitler, Franco or Mao. No wait, that last one was "left", right?"

      The political extremes on both ends are absolutist in governance as extremes require dictators to maintain. And yes, Mao is Left. Hitler and Franco were socially right and economically left but are generally remembered as Right as their status as villains of Western history has nothing to do with their economic policies.

      "Where does Gandhi fit into it all?"

      No idea. I'm only familiar with his drive for Indian independence and passive resistance movement.

      "Where would the likes of ISIS be located?"

      Socially right, economically I'd say undefined as their state wasn't / isn't really much of a state.

      Even if you come up with a scenario that what I describe above doesnt work well with (or you don't like one of my answers) that won't change the fact that "the current conventions I describe above are plenty accurate in most contexts and certainly not less so than anything you've proposed so far."

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    20. Re:Meh by Opportunist · · Score: 1

      Socially right, economically I'd say undefined as their state wasn't / isn't really much of a state.

      Well, we finally have something we can agree on.

      The point I was trying to make is that there is more to politics than a simple left-right dichotomy. I would guess that we can agree that at least there are two properties to it, social politics and economic politics. If you have an issue with the terms, let's call the extremes on both axes "permissive" and "restrictive", or give them any label you enjoy but I don't think labeling them "left" and "right" would do it justice, for the extreme positions of "left" and "right" are Stalinism and Fascism, and they both are on the extreme end of social restrictive.

      That's not to mean that restrictive means "bad" and permissive is "good". An extreme permissive society ultimately leads to anarchy, which in turn, due to human nature, leads to despotism because somehow we can't just NOT be governed. Extremely restrictive societies are basically police states with Nazi Germany being a pretty good example of the more recent past. Extremely permissive economy leads to social problems, we've seen that in the industrial revolution where workers were exploited up to and beyond their graves for profit, with child labor, 16 hour days, extremely dangerous working conditions and all the other unpleasant problems this entailed. Extreme restrictions on economy, i.e. state-run economy has been tried, too, and I hope everyone remembers just how great that experiment went. Actually, take a look at North Korea, where there's one of the last examples on exhibition.

      Neither permissive nor restrictive is good or bad. Both are good in moderation, in my opinion.

      I doubt that anyone could sensibly argue that any of those extreme positions are a good idea. The question is where in between them the perfect spot is. In my opinion, the duty of the state is to make sure that everyone, no matter his upbringing, can succeed provided he can put his own skills to it. But that's my opinion. Some may argue that this is unfair towards those whose parents worked hard already to offer their kids a better start into the world. Others may argue that I don't care enough for those whose abilities don't allow them to succeed and that they need to be taken care of, too. Is any of these positions "right" (as in correct, not as the opposite of left)?

      I doubt that there is a "correct" political opinion. But I am pretty sure that there are some that are just plainly wrong, i.e. all that benefit a small minority on the expense of the general population. Aside of that, well, there's room for debate.

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
  13. Remember the saying by DickBreath · · Score: 1

    Software controls the world.
    Hardware controls the software.
    China controls the hardware.

    --

    I'll see your senator, and I'll raise you two judges.
  14. Pish Posh by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Those sandal wearing paddy field waders are no threat to us

    1. Re:Pish Posh by Opportunist · · Score: 2

      Christian de Castries, Dien Bien Phu, 1954

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
  15. investment choices by swell · · Score: 1, Insightful

    The US invests in 19th century priorities- weapons. Vast quantities of weapons which they not only use to excess, but they sell to others freely. Weapons have not won the US many friends around the world or even within its own population. This massive misspending of resources will continue to isolate the US and eventually destroy its economy.

    China's investment in technology is another sign of progressive thinking. The world will become more dependent on digital technology and supremacy in that area will bring more power than primitive weapons.

    Everyone has investment choices- individuals, companies, non-profits and governments. Poor choices lead to undesirable results.

    --
    ...omphaloskepsis often...
    1. Re:investment choices by ArmoredDragon · · Score: 2

      Ignoring that this whole argument is just a thinly veiled slight at the US (and it completely ignores where most of the US economy's spending actually goes, including the fact that most of the world is utterly and hopelessly dependent upon US developed non-weapons technology) I really don't think weapons are a poor choice of investment. At least in the case of weapons, you have a practical use for research and development for the more expensive of technologies, and what's more, you have a discriminator for bad technologies built-in. Just throwing money into the industry and hoping that something awesome will happen is less effective. Europe has been doing it for decades and they've still fallen well behind the US private sector, which has to rise or fall on its own merits.

    2. Re:investment choices by iggymanz · · Score: 1

      you think China doesn't make and sell weapons to other countries? my are you silly

    3. Re:investment choices by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yeah, we're morons for investing in our military. Until the Germans start acting up and Yurop needs saving again, that is.

    4. Re:investment choices by swell · · Score: 1

      The US spends more on war and the machines of killing than the rest of the world combined. It doesn't seem to have produced useful results. When was the last time they won a war? Why does most of the world hate America?

      Imagine a scenario where the US spent that money on improving lives at home and around the world: building shelters, fighting disease, distributing food, educating everyone, coordinating resources with other countries instead of bombing them... They might earn some respect, and wouldn't have to fear hate filled 'terrorists'.

      --
      ...omphaloskepsis often...
    5. Re:investment choices by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If you pull your head out of the anti-us rhetoric echo chamber you'd notice that the US does a great deal of international peace-keeping because global stability is in our best interest. Our 500 billion military spending goes mostly towards personnel and R&D. Those personnel then go out and defend shipping lanes, provide a credible threat to tiny conquerors, and keep the likes of Russia on their toes. The R&D is used to make better weapons and equipment through general scientific research, which eventually ends up in the public domain.

      The US also spends ~50 billion directly on purely humanitarian ventures because we recognize that the military can't saber rattle at malaria to make it go away, and although ammunition can be used to kill jihadists that strap explosives to children, the remaining bullets can't feed the kids left behind.

    6. Re:investment choices by dk20 · · Score: 3, Informative

      Every gun that is made, every warship launched, every rocket fired signifies, in the final sense, a theft from those who hunger and are not fed, those who are cold and are not clothed. This world in arms is not spending money alone. It is spending the sweat of its laborers, the genius of its scientists, the hopes of its children. The cost of one modern heavy bomber is this: a modern brick school in more than 30 cities. It is two electric power plants, each serving a town of 60,000 population.

      President Dwight Eisenhower

    7. Re:investment choices by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      that was back when you single handedly saved the world right? if you did so well in WWII, why have all the 'wars' ou have been in since then turned out so poorly?

    8. Re:investment choices by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      China is spending more on their military than does the US in terms of % of GDP. That US has been allowing legal bribing of their politicians is their real problem. Businesses and other gov control their government more than the citizens do.

    9. Re:investment choices by ArmoredDragon · · Score: 1

      I already showed that you're stupid, now you're about to look much worse.

      The US spends more on war and the machines of killing than the rest of the world combined.

      False. The combined global spending on militaries is 1.7 trillion. This puts the US at about a third of the combined world.

      It doesn't seem to have produced useful results. When was the last time they won a war? Why does most of the world hate America?

      Do you even know a single fucking thing about history? Who am I kidding, of course you don't, otherwise we wouldn't even be having this conversation.

      But I'll sum up a few recent things: If you're in Europe, the US is the biggest reason you aren't a former USSR state (we were, and still are, by far the largest military contribution to NATO, and the Marshall Plan, aside from the money that was outright given to Europe to rebuild after it just finished destroying itself, was used by the US military to provide services that Europe couldn't have survived without. For example, the Berlin Airlift.

      Even today, the mere presence of the US military is keeping many foreign powers in check. Russia and China especially, as neither would stand a chance in hell against our Navy alone. In fact, our Navy could execute a total blockade on both countries from far out into the Pacific and totally drain their economies. An invasion on our part is completely unnecessary. Even one of China's own generals admitted this. And you're an idiot if you think China and Russia don't have present ambitions for expansion. Putin right now wants to claim Ukraine, and China is already trying to claim it owns all of the South China Sea, much of which rightfully (according to UN) belongs to many other countries, including Japan, Korea, and Philippines (in fact, Philippines is having to pay its own people to live on some of its otherwise unoccupied islands so that China can't claim them without it being an act of war.)

      You're welcome.

    10. Re:investment choices by ArmoredDragon · · Score: 1

      Every gun that is made, every warship launched, every rocket fired signifies, in the final sense, a theft from those who hunger and are not fed, those who are cold and are not clothed.

      The sentiment is nice and all, but this is demonstrably false. World hunger is already solved, as global food production already exceeds global demand. The only reason famine still exists is because of regional politics. A food shortage isn't causing North Koreans or Africans to starve or struggle to find clothing, it's either their governments have created a situation that prevents food from being made available to them, or in many cases local warlords are using food and the bare essentials as leverage for power.

    11. Re:investment choices by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      When were you born? Never heard CIA/military atrocities on Central and South American countries on 60s-80s? They are literally on your backyard. Didn't your learn that from history lesson in school? You know, the war on communism. I suppose you didn't, and to this day you refuse to do so.

      And those are on your backyard, I haven't even mentioned on the atrocities on South East Asia, but it's a bit far, you probably don't know where that is.

      And recent history, on middle east. You know, the war on terrorism.

      Read some useful books, goddamit!

    12. Re:investment choices by swell · · Score: 1

      Sorry I've made you so angry.

      So the combined spending is 1.7 trillion. How much is it with the US removed? You see, it is much smaller. Yes, higher math can be confusing. And note that the publicly acknowledged military budget does not include the secret stuff- ask Oliver North over at the NRA.

      I live in the present. WWII was before you were born. Tell me how much the world enjoys our military bases- Philippines, Japan, Germany, Middle East... You seem to have enjoyed the cool-aid. Now grow up, learn to speak with a civil tongue and stop believing the propaganda.

      --
      ...omphaloskepsis often...
    13. Re:investment choices by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You mean the end of that same war when you gave China all those islands it now claims you gave them at the end of the war?
      I guess you're not much of a historian.

  16. I was expecting this to happen soon by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    But this is even sooner than I thought.
    With the moore bubble coming to an end there is more incentive to build bilion dollar fabs since now they won't be obsolete in one or two years.
    Instead a fab you build now will be relevant for 5 years, maybe more.
    So now is a good time for china to invest and build up its own production capabilities in that area massively.
    The result will be that in a couple of years creating custom ASIC will become way more affordable than it is now.

  17. $47 billion by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Sure. Enough for one or two decent modern fabs and a few institutes.

  18. Sharing Western ideals by spinitch · · Score: 1

    Freedom of thought is something the West should be happy to share. While some students will return to their repressive governments and be exploited to Western economic detriment they are hope for change from within else we have more North Korea totalitarian regimes. Further, if we can move past this zero sum game economics, tech advances can benefit the broader global socioeconomics. Many advanced educated foreigners would like to stay, if they are good perhaps should accommodate.

  19. Their system ensures that they'll win by ErichTheRed · · Score: 2

    China is showing one of the positives that having tight control over the economy can have. If something needs to be done, it's done and there is zero debate. There's also no begging educational institutions and private companies to please comply...it's a top-down order.

    Unless there was another world war at hand, something like this or any of the other investments China has made in the recent past could never happen in the US. There's too much infighting and zero initiative to get something massive done.

    Like it or not, the Chinese system does have the ability to make massive changes with very little friction. When the financial crisis hit in 2008, the Chinese plowed money into infrastructure to basically offset the recession. At an even more macro level, they're using their control to effectively manufacture a middle class by moving people from the countryside to cities. These are things that we'd never get done in the US even if there were an imminent need.

    1. Re:Their system ensures that they'll win by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It'll grow right up until the point it collapses, as all autocracies do. Might be after it surpasses the US, but I wouldn't go long on any investments there.

    2. Re:Their system ensures that they'll win by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      US formed in 1776, so around 242 years old..

      Lets see how that compairs to some of the chinese dynasties:

      Xia dynasty - 470 years
      Shang dynasty - 554 years
      Western Zhou dynasty - 275 years
      Eastern Zhou dynasty - 514 years
      Spring and Autumn period - 294 years
      Warring States period -255 years

      their current communist period is just a small blip on their overall timeline. Please, offer some advice on longivity to a nation that has been around for 3,000 years.

    3. Re:Their system ensures that they'll win by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Maybe the Chinese should take some lessons from the Aboriginal people of Australia, some of whose nations have been around for at least 50,000 years!

  20. Ya, so good luck with that by Jodka · · Score: 2

    Given that the cost of state-of-the-art fab is about $20 billion and that China is behind, a $47 billion investment is not a threat. EE times reports that by 2020 a state-of-the-art fab will cost about $20 billion and wikipedia says that TSMC predicts the same.

    There is a reason why semiconductor giants such as ARM, Nvidia, AMD, Broadcom, Qualcomm and even super-rich Apple are fabless; State-of-the-art fabs are insanely hard. The successes here, such as Intel, have generations of accumulated in-house expertise and have spent decades attracting, training and retaining the best experts in the world. Not to mention the elusive engineering management culture necessary for that. Maybe it is impossible to enter at that level and you have to evolve your way there over decades.

    So China needs to build a modern fab, but also fund the R&D to get to that point and fund development of modern CPU architectures so they have something to make. By the time China succeeds with all of that, if they can, they might be at least a generation behind.

    Finally, it's not like the world would be made worse-off by increased state-of-the-art semiconductor manufacturing capacity. More better chips are a good thing.

    --
    Ceci n'est pas une signature.
    1. Re:Ya, so good luck with that by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      Intel used to be a great engineering company, not for 20 years now. CPU is commodity, Intel is now a marketing company.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    2. Re:Ya, so good luck with that by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      But it's not so much a big deal to be a generation behind anymore. You still can use the 28nm process in a new phone if need be and end up with something workable and usable. Older generations of tech still are being worked on and improved to tweak the density, lower power etc. so e.g. TSMC is introducing about three nodes this year, a "22nm" one (based on 28nm), a "12nm" one (based on the 16nm) and a "7nm" one (all between quotes because the numbers have become very artificial and arbitary).

      So, why make a 22nm when they already had a 16nm before? Why make a 12nm when they had a 10nm already?
      A rhetorical question - might be that costs of design and production are through the roof when you use the latest thing.
      So, China spending years of engineering improving what 28nm production capacity they have would still be purposeful.

  21. the-mountains-are-high-and-the-emperor-is-far-away by CaffeinatedBacon · · Score: 1

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... It's not always as easy as the central government would like, to force all the far flung cities to do their bidding. They were quite slow in shutting down coal and reducing spending as Beijing commanded.