Slashdot Mirror


Astronomers Discovered the Fastest-Growing Black Hole Ever Seen (wral.com)

Long-time Slashdot reader Yhcrana shares "some good old fashioned astronomy news." Astronomers have discovered "a black hole 20 billion times the mass of the sun eating the equivalent of a star every two days," reports the New York Times. The black hole is growing so rapidly, said Christian Wolf, of the Australian National University, who led the team that found it in the depths of time, "that it is probably 10,000 times brighter than the galaxy it lives in." So bright, that it is dazzling our view and we can't see the galaxy itself. He and his colleagues announced the discovery in a paper to be published in the Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia...

The blaze from material swirling around this newly observed drainpipe into eternity -- known officially as SMSS J215728.21-360215.1 -- is as luminous as 700 trillion suns, according to Wolf and his collaborators. If it were at the center of our own galaxy, the Milky Way, it would be 10 times brighter than the moon and bathe the Earth in so many X-rays that life would be impossible. Luckily it's not anywhere nearby. It is in fact 12 billion light years away, which means it took that long for its light to reach us, so we are glimpsing this cataclysm as it appeared at the dawn of time, only 2 billion years after the Big Bang, when stars and galaxies were furiously forming.

69 comments

  1. Re: Moscow Donald's Treason Investigation by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    An attempt was not made.

  2. That sucks by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    $subject

  3. Cant Be Much Of A Black Hole by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    If you can see All the Light there of trillions of them Suns. I want my black Holes to be black. Gigidy.

    1. Re:Cant Be Much Of A Black Hole by saloomy · · Score: 4, Informative

      I assume you know that the black hole itself isn't emitting light, but its accretion disk is. There is a bunch of mass that "falls" into the black hole. This mass doesnt approach it head on, it is traveling by. As the black hole pulls the mass, it speeds up and builds angular momentum. This causes is to form a decaying orbit around the black hole. As it falls, it causes friction with all the rest of the mass falling in at the same time. This generates enormous amounts of heat that glows in various bands of radiation. The most luminous generate X-rays, Gamma-rays, light, infrared rays, microwaves, and lower-frequency radio waves.

      This object has a massive accretion disk, that is super-luminous.

    2. Re:Cant Be Much Of A Black Hole by PolygamousRanchKid+ · · Score: 1

      I want my black Holes to be black.

      Bright is the new black.

      --
      Schroedinger's Brexit: The UK is both in and out of the EU at the same time!
    3. Re:Cant Be Much Of A Black Hole by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I think this black hole should be named The Government.

    4. Re:Cant Be Much Of A Black Hole by epine · · Score: 4, Interesting

      So it's eating a star every two days, with an accretion disk managing the luminosity of 700 trillion suns.

      If you take the Sun's current output and hold that constant for 4.6 billion years and then emit that total energy over two days, you get 0.1% of 700 trillion Sol brightnesses.

      The mass balance here must be way strange, involving some kind of seriously supersized all-you-can-eat hot stardust buffet.

    5. Re:Cant Be Much Of A Black Hole by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Among other things, the Sun isn't even half way through its life and nuclear fusion only outputs ~0.7% of energy relative to mass vs accretion disk of 10 percent to over 40 percent. Still, presuming 2 solar masses, and our sun only 1/4th through its energy output life, that would be something like 87.5% conversion (if I'm doing my math right).

    6. Re:Cant Be Much Of A Black Hole by jtgd · · Score: 1

      Is that another way of saying that you compress the entire sols output to 3 minutes?

      --
      J
    7. Re:Cant Be Much Of A Black Hole by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Fusing hydrogen to helium decreases its mass by 0.7%, converting the lost mass to energy. Over its lifetime, the Sun will fuse about 10% of its mass from hydrogen to helium. So, over its lifetime, the Sun will convert about 0.07% of its mass to energy.

      When matter is sucked into a black hole, it gets accelerated to a substantial fraction of the speed of light as it enters the accretion disc. Much of that kinetic energy is then converted to heat through friction, and radiated away as light (x-rays, etc.). If the Sun were sucked into a black hole, something like 20% of its mass would be converted to energy: far more than will be converted to energy by fusion.

      Back of the envelope, converting 20% of the Sun's mass to energy over two days would give you an average power of 2*10^41 W, or 520 trillion times the Sun's regular power output. This is about the same as the 700 trillion quoted in the article.

  4. Is it made of by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Tardchris's irrelevance?

    1. Re:Is it made of by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well at least I trained you to write Tardchris correctly! Woof woof, you St Bernard!

    2. Re: Is it made of by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      LOL, glad you caught that.

    3. Re:Is it made of by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0


      MODDOWN! ; creimer spam post again!

      creimer wants you to click on his youtube channel, then click on his stupid amazon affiliate link spam on Youtube. There is nothing of value on creimer youtube channel. Only creimer click-bot goes there and it has now been barred by youtube algorythm.

      Creimy Dumpty sat on the wall,
      Creimy Dumpty had a great fall.
      All the king's horses
      And all the king's men
      Couldn't put Creimy Dumpty
      Together again.

      https://www.youtube.com/watch?...

      Chris: here is an IQ test for you: please tell us what is the difference between the first half and the second half of the video?

      P.S. That video is really funny anyway, it's like watching you stumbling over and over again.

  5. were doomed I tell you by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    If it's been growing for that long just imagine how big it must be now. Probably eats 2 galaxies a day now.

  6. This is America by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Silly Rabbit! Rich people don't go to prison.

    1. Re:This is America by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Rich people go to prison all the time. From Wall Street to Martha Stewart to OJ to executives at the defunct WorldCom fiasco. These are just a small sample of rich people going to jail. And more often the naught they also forfeit great sums of their wealth on lawyers, fines, and punitive damages awarded to victims of the crime. Claiming "rich people do not go to jail" as an indictment on the judicial system is a deceptive argument that is more of an indictment on the stupidity people cling to when lasing out of the world surrounding them. The people on both sides of today's social disagreements make up their own reality to support their predetermined opinions and consider "winning" the argument more important than addressing the problems they complain about. The dysfunctional US government is the result of the citizens they are suppose to govern. And voting has very little to do with creating the government. 15 minute news cycles, electronic mobs, and the wholesale manipulation of people through social media has shaped our current reality and it shows no sign of letting up. It will not be to long until the US will get a ROI on the trillions of dollars that have been spent on the military.

    2. Re:This is America by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No, rich people do not go to prison. They go to county jail.

      Rapists only get 3 months if they are rich white boys.

  7. We're ok, it's not true by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Since the universe is only about 6000 years old, this thing can't be 12 billion years old. More fake news.

  8. Financial attraction by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    So this is where my money has been going..

  9. Relativity by arth1 · · Score: 4, Funny

    It is in fact 12 billion light years away, which means it took that long for its light to reach us,

    No, that is not what it means. It took no time for the light at all to reach us. Time passes slower and distances become shorter the faster you go. Travelling at c, the Lorenz factor for the light itself is infinite, and no time passed for it.

    What it means is that if light had been governed by Newtonian physics, it would have taken light 12 billion years to get from there to here.
    But Newtonian physics turned out to be only an approximation for low speeds, and was overturned a century ago. Einstein discovered that time is a local phenomenon, and that it is meaningless to use phrases like "ago" for relativistic speeds and distances - no two clocks will ever agree, and may disagree by billions of years.

    1. Re:Relativity by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      *facepalm*

      So... how could the author have phrased their meaning in a way that would not have triggered your pedantic reflex?

    2. Re:Relativity by religionofpeas · · Score: 5, Insightful

      it would have taken light 12 billion years to get from there to here.

      If you're going to be pedantic, you should take into account the expansion of the universe.

    3. Re:Relativity by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      In the Earth frame of reference, the light that we see today began its journey around 12 billion years ago. Hence, the black hole is around 12 billion light years away (expansion notwithstanding).

    4. Re: Relativity by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The first half was a good comment.

      The second half went too far.

      And you are the voter (aka moron) who dismisses the first half because of the second half.

      Fals flag troll ... mission accomplished.

    5. Re:Relativity by thegarbz · · Score: 4, Funny

      No, that is not what it means.

      It takes an incredible mind for someone to read the sentence "it took that long for its light to reach us" and then assume that anyone else reading this thinks in terms of the light's reference frame.

      Kudos for calling out all those lightist people out there who think just because light is inanimate we shouldn't try and view light from its perspective.

      Light lives matter!

    6. Re:Relativity by arth1 · · Score: 1

      In the Earth frame of reference, the light that we see today began its journey around 12 billion years ago.

      No, it didn't. The Earth's frame of reference does not include the remote location, and the word "ago" is meaningless. Rewind the universe to 12 billion years earlier in Earth's (or what was "here" before) reference frame, and you do not rewind 12 billion years everywhere else too.
      There is no master clock that ticks for the entire universe. Time is a local phenomenon only.

    7. Re:Relativity by arth1 · · Score: 1

      If you're going to be pedantic, you should take into account the expansion of the universe.

      Variable and currently increasing expansion, even. It sure complicates calculations quite a bit. And makes the size of the observable universe in any direction bigger in light years than the age of the universe.

      However, be that as it may, it doesn't change that it's always wrong to think of light from X light years away as something that happened X years ago. The "ago" is meaningless because you're dealing with different reference frames with wildly varying time.

    8. Re:Relativity by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      It took no time for the light at all to reach us. Time passes slower and distances become shorter the faster you go. Travelling at c, the Lorenz factor for the light itself is infinite, and no time passed for it.

      There is nothing wrong with saying that the light has been travelling for 12 billion years. That time is relative to time reckoning on Earth. Sure, light travels along null geodesics, but one cannot even construct a rest frame for a light ray. Regardless, there is nothing wrong with using Earth time.

      Einstein discovered that time is a local phenomenon, and that it is meaningless to use phrases like "ago" for relativistic speeds and distances - no two clocks will ever agree, and may disagree by billions of years.

      No. If we regard spacetime as flat, time is relative, not local. Einstein's main point in special relativity was that different inertial observers will not necessarily agree on clock rates and simultaneous events. While curvature (general relativity) does affect the flow of time from location to location, it is not such a big problem in cosmology. Particularly given that spacetime is quite flat on cosmological scales. Also, gravitational fields of astronomical objects are not going to have such a large effect since such objects are much smaller than the distances involved.

      Astronomers construct a universal coordinate system that is based (more or less) on Earth time. All time measurements are relative to this.

    9. Re:Relativity by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      And yet it didn't happen yesterday. There is a time on planet Earth, billions of years ago, after which one could not have departed the planet and, travelling at c, arrived at the object we are discussing before the light we are looking at left it.

      So your pedantry adds nothing, whilst the shorthand of 12bya informs those well enough to skip past the superficial synchronised view, whilst also providing the general public with an accurate enough interpretation for their purposes of going "Wow!".

      Happy now?

    10. Re: Relativity by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Actually youâ(TM)re wrong too. Time and speed are relative to gravitational forces. Time moves more slowly (and thus light) in a gravity well. The Atomic time clock in orbit and the one in Boulder tick at different rates (the one in Boulder ticking slowly). In fact due to the hyper precision of modern atomic time clocks we know that the one in Florida ticks slower than the one in Boulder because itâ(TM)s closer to the planets core (and thus a gravity well). Iâ(TM)ve seen the clock in Boulder. Pretty cool.

      So if you extrapolate this to intergalactic distances and super low gravity areas and areas of relatively super high gravity then you can no longer think of this as some linear time equation. You need to think of this as a galactic local time in each location, where itâ(TM)s not a steady state difference in time as one will tick off faster than the other.

      The earth is part of the Milky Way and the milky way is part of the local cluster. We are in a ln incredibly high gravity well (relatively speaking). So once this light gets to us itâ(TM)s much much slower (technically Time is slower, light can remain constant). So we can certainly think of this occurring 12 billion years ago but thatâ(TM)s not earth local time. Itâ(TM)s more likely itâ(TM)s in the thousand or tens of thousands, keep in mind that light had to leave a massive gravity well.

  10. Mapping data to theory vs. "seeing" by timotej · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Whenever I see news like that, it reminds me that we're not really "seeing" anything. We just get tons of astronomic data, basically piles of photons and neutrinos and muons and god knows what, with different frequencies and spins and all that. Then we take that data, and start working towards mapping it all onto our continuously evolving and obviously imperfect theory what all that actually means. So astronomers in the end decide what the data means, and then you have these sensationalist articles in the media about "the things we see". Over time, theories will change, data will prove to be imperfect or contain some margin of error previously unaccounted for, etc, etc. So articles like this are quite meaningless. There is real data with real impact on the theory, but it's also very likely that data like that will over the long term change the theory and our understanding of the universe, with the sensationalist concepts of "giant black hole eating up whole galaxy" simply dying the way of the dodo. Good job astronomers for expanding the human knowledge! But let's take the sensationalist sentences with a grain of doubt.....

    1. Re: Mapping data to theory vs. "seeing" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      What the hell do you believe seeing is??

      It is literally you, whatever you are, getting input that makes you assume you got them through eyes being bombarded by trillions of photons.
      Nevermind the massive distortion of your personal perspective, your eyes, and most of all, that machine whose only purpose is biasing all input based on previous input, aka "brain". ... Where "previous input" is mostly just anecdotal hearsay from "sources", mostly to manipulate you deliberately. And yes, that includes that scientific paper you read. YOU merely have anecdotal evidence of that paper that you also merely read. No matter how scientific it itself is.

      So ... why don't you shut the fuck up?

  11. that old and so big by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    So it is younger than 2bilion years according to the "official" universe age. How comes it became so huge in so little time?

    1. Re:that old and so big by LynnwoodRooster · · Score: 1

      It's not huge, it's just big boned!

      --
      Browsing at +1 - no ACs, I ignore their posts. So refreshing!
    2. Re:that old and so big by reboot246 · · Score: 1

      Does this accretion disk make my ass look big?

    3. Re:that old and so big by Papaspud · · Score: 1

      My thoughts, if it was 20 billion times as big as our sun 12 billion years ago, how big is this sucker now?

      --
      Everything above is my opinion....YMMV
  12. What happened to it? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    12 billion years has passed and if it consumed a sun every day... It must be quite large by now.

  13. Is it still a black hole if it is that bright? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Yes it is a gravity well. But given the amount of radiation it is emitting the name "black hole" seems wrong. They need a new name for not just the dense object but also the spinning plasma field around the super dense region.

  14. Wow! by DaMattster · · Score: 2

    Sounds like the cookie monster of the cosmos. By the time a lot of the light from the stars reaches us, the star could already be dead or consumed. Astronomy never fascinated me all of that much but the sheer size of the universe is simply awe-inspiring. The light that we see from these distant stars could be coming from dead ones and we would never really know it. That, in of itself, astounds me.

  15. I love sciency stuff by Humbubba · · Score: 1

    Astronomers Discovered the Fastest-Growing Black Hole Ever Seen

    Oxymoron that.

    Scientists can't directly observe black holes with telescopes that detect x-rays, light, or other forms of electromagnetic radiation. We can, however, infer the presence of black holes...

    https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/focus-areas/black-holes

  16. Americans believe the earth is 6000 years old by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Informative

    Americans believe that the earth is 6000 years old, that climate-change is a global conspiracy to tax them more, that evolution is "just a theory" and that vaccines cause autism.

    And you want to talk to them about cosmology and black holes ?

    Why do scientists even waste their time anymore is this rationality-sucking black hole that is the U.S. ? Why don't they move out of the country to a place where their intelligence and knowledge will actually be desired and valued, and let americans rot in their miserable supersticious barbarian shithole once and for all ?

    1. Re:Americans believe the earth is 6000 years old by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'll pray for you.

    2. Re:Americans believe the earth is 6000 years old by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Why do you even bother to post? The evidence says you have no brain. Much rather be here than whatever shithole country your from. Suck it!

    3. Re:Americans believe the earth is 6000 years old by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Spoken like a true trumptard.

  17. Is it bit confusing or horrific ? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Imagine an ant growing to the size of blue whale overnight in your backyard, yet you donâ(TM)t see or feel any of its effects because speed of light is just few inches per a day.

  18. You mean Lorentz? Forget the relative in relativit by raymorris · · Score: 3

    > Travelling at c, the Lorenz factor for the light itself is infinite

    No, it's not travelling at C, "for it".
    Also did you mean Lorentz factor? More importantly, did you forget the "relative" in "relativity"?

    If you look at it from the light's reference frame, it didn't move, and there's nothing to talk about. It's moving at C only from *our* reference frame. Therefore the only reference frame that's useful to discuss, the reference from from which something happened, is ours. The frame in which it took 12 billion years for the light to reach us.

  19. Old news. by Snufu · · Score: 2

    12 billion years old.

    1. Re:Old news. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      uh... yeah.. cause physicists have everything all figured out now in the past few years.

  20. Re: You mean Lorentz? Forget the relative in relat by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Look at this guy, tight as a ten year old. Jared must love you and give you Subway footlongs all night.

  21. So bright? by MrL0G1C · · Score: 1

    So, it's super massive and super bright and you can't post a fucking picture of it? FML.

    --
    Waterfox - a Firefox fork with legacy extension support, security updates and better privacy by default.
    1. Re:So bright? by religionofpeas · · Score: 1

      So, it's super massive and super bright and you can't post a fucking picture of it? FML.

      Imagine a white pixel.

    2. Re:So bright? by MrL0G1C · · Score: 1

      So, how would you know it's just one pixel and if it was just one pixel then how would they infer anything about it?

      --
      Waterfox - a Firefox fork with legacy extension support, security updates and better privacy by default.
    3. Re:So bright? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Because they scienced the shit out of it.

      Any more questions?

    4. Re:So bright? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      By the constituent "colours" (the actual spectrum). The peaks and shapes of the peaks of the spectrum across the range of electromagnetic radiation we receive will tell an awful lot about the physical characteristics of the processes generating that radiation.

      Another very useful item that can be inferred from a single pixel is the variability in brightness seen. If something is varying on the order of e.g. a few minutes, that means that it can't be larger than a few light-minutes across. If it's varying on the order of a week or more, that means that it can't be larger than a light-week across. Different variability across different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum constrain the sizes of those processes, and that is also very useful information.

      The size of accretion disk are pretty well known from seeing smaller ones in both our own galaxy and other nearby galaxies.

  22. Uh huh. by Hallux-F-Sinister · · Score: 1

    So a star managed to get to this size after only two billion years of universe time, and by that time, (billions of years ago,) got to be an ultra-massive black hole? I'm not astrophysicist but SOMETHING doesn't add up here. (This strikes me as being rather like hearing a businessman insist his company's business model is sound, even though he loses money on every deal, because he "makes it up on volume," and then realizing he's not joking. Either someone doesn't understand what "loses" means, what "money" means, what "every" means, or what "deal" means... or someone has cooked the hell out of the books. Personally, it seems to me that the error here is that from the observation that everything seems to be moving away from everything else, cosmologists concluded that this implies that decreasing density as a function of time necessitates that all prior times exhibited the characteristic of HIGHER density, but this is never observed, for obvious reasons, (no one has a time machine AND a telescope; instead they act as if their telescopes ARE time machines, and while it may LOOK that way from one perspective, that's very much NOT true from others. That is, pretending the telescope IS a time machine does NOT yield results that are identical to those you'd get if you had an ACTUAL time machine, AND a telescope. Then things would be very different.

    TL;DR: I don't buy this. Cosmologists and astrophysicists are making cauldrons of stew with one thing that may or may not ever have been an oyster.

    --
    Our reign has gone on long enough. Indeed. Summon the meteors.
    1. Re: Uh huh. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Google seductive logic. You probably use it every day.

  23. Re:Nice by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Hello son!

    My name is Christopher Dale Reimer and I am positive that I can help you in your positive and humble mission.

    I have a lot of experience working for 3 letter agencies in America and I can help you with your marketing strategies.

    You can reach me here:
    https://slashdot.org/~Anonymou...

    Alternatively:
    https://www.cdreimer.com/

  24. Re:Nice article by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Hello again son!

    My name is Christopher Dale Reimer and I am positive that I can help you in your positive and humble mission.

    I have a lot of experience working for 3 letter agencies in America and I can help you with your marketing strategies.

    You can reach me here:
    https://slashdot.org/~Anonymou...

    Alternatively:
    https://www.cdreimer.com/

  25. Re: You mean Lorentz? Forget the relative in relat by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Donald. Is that you?

  26. Can you say by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    TRIGGERED!