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Scientists May Have Discovered a New Fundamental Particle: Sterile Neutrino (theregister.co.uk)

Artem Tashkinov writes: It needs more sigmas, but Fermilab boffins in America are carefully speculating that they may have seen evidence of a new fundamental particle: the sterile neutrino. The suggestion follows tests conducted by the MiniBooNE (Mini Booster Neutrino Experiment) instrument, located near Chicago. Its mission is to detect neutrino mass through their oscillations. In the Standard Model of physics, neutrinos, like all particles, are initially assumed to be massless, but some observations, like neutrino oscillation, suggest there's mass there. The experiment that possibly detected sterile neutrinos collected 15 years of data from its commissioning in 2002, and the results have only now reached pre-press outlet arXiv.

Over 15 years, MiniBooNE detected a few hundred more electron neutrinos than were predicted in Standard Model theory. The extra particles suggests there is a fourth, heavier flavor. The findings bring the MiniBooNE team tantalizingly close to a "result" -- it's a 4.8 sigma result, when "discovery" demands 5 sigma.

94 comments

  1. Straight from wikipedia by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

    Sterile neutrinos (or inert neutrinos) are particles that interact only via gravity and do not interact via any of the fundamental interactions of the Standard Model.

    One little sentence in the summary would have made it SO much more worth reading.

    1. Re:Straight from wikipedia by Pfhorrest · · Score: 1

      If it doesn't interact with any of the other fundamental forces, from where does its mass come? Or does Higgs interaction not count?

      --
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    2. Re:Straight from wikipedia by Narcocide · · Score: 2

      Maybe they just don't have mass in this dimension, but gravity itself spills through to multiple dimensions.

    3. Re:Straight from wikipedia by slack_justyb · · Score: 3, Interesting

      from where does its mass come

      Well ask yourself this, where does the majority of mass of a proton come from? A proton is an imbalance in a sea of gluons of exactly two up quarks and one down quarks. That is 2 * 2.3 MeV/c**2 + 4.8 MeV/c**2 = 9.4 MeV/c**2 but the Proton is 938 and some change MeV/c**2, that's a roughly 930 MeV/c**2 difference. Where does the extra energy come from?

      Potential energy, thermal energy, and so on all contribute to the mass of an object. Indeed, even particles that interact via the Higgs mechanism do so via a potential difference. The leading idea for potential energy difference in neutrinos is via the seesaw mechanism. but the point is that differences between any two things creates a potential and the energy of that potential contributes to mass and in the case of the proton, is pretty much the majority of the mass.

    4. Re: Straight from wikipedia by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If some of those "multiple dimensions" are time, then all those particles are a manifestation of a single time travelling metaparticle. In fact, everything here is a single stupid metaparticle.

    5. Re:Straight from wikipedia by Baloroth · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Higgs interactions do not count, as the Higgs is not a fundamental force. The sterile neutrino is actually a solution to the problem of the neutrino mass: neutrinos are massless in the Standard Model, but not in reality, so we know there must be some mechanism to produce their observed mass. A coupling of the neutrino to its sterile counterpart (through the Higgs) could give it mass in the same way as all the other fermions, but that requires sterile neutrinos (or very very heavy non-sterile neutrinos), which are heavily dis-favored by theoreticians. The alternative, the Majorana mechanism, would make the neutrino and anti-neutrino the same particle and give them mass by coupling them together. This measurement, if true (it's possible there's unknown systematics) would probably prove the sterile neutrino theory correct, though it's possible there is another explanation. Neutrinos are tricky beasts.

      --
      "None can love freedom heartily, but good men; the rest love not freedom, but license." --John Milton
    6. Re:Straight from wikipedia by Trax3001BBS · · Score: 1

      Maybe they just don't have mass in this dimension, but gravity itself spills through to multiple dimensions.

      Brian Greene's "Elegant Universe" (string theory) explains gravity. That being gravity was the first force and the only force that can transverse all dimensions.

      So maybe. It explains Dark Matter.

    7. Re: Straight from wikipedia by sexconker · · Score: 0

      Your mom is a single, stupid metaparticle.

    8. Re: Straight from wikipedia by Joce640k · · Score: 3, Funny

      She's not massless, though.

      --
      No sig today...
    9. Re:Straight from wikipedia by Pfhorrest · · Score: 1

      Thank you for that detailed explanation, but can you elaborate further on how the Higgs interaction is not fundamental? What is it then?

      --
      -Forrest Cameranesi, Geek of all Trades
      "I am Sam. Sam I am. I do not like trolls, flames, or spam."
    10. Re:Straight from wikipedia by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Brian Greene's books doesn't explain anything.
      You might as well say the big spagheti monster in the sky makes gravity.

    11. Re:Straight from wikipedia by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No, gravity is not even a fundamental property.

      It depends on how 'stuff' is configured as to how much it contributes to gravity.

      For example, two particles interact to form a photon. When they were particles, they had mass, i.e. a strong contribution to gravity potential. As a photon, they have zero contribution to gravity potential (or near zero).

      The same fundamental stuff that makes up the particles makes up the photon, because that's the definition of 'fundamental'!

      Yet in one configuration, its a particle with mass and gravity potential, and in the other its a photon with near zero mass and near zero gravity potential.

      So gravity isn't fundamental to 'stuff'. It's just a binding force, that depends on the configuration of the stuff. No different to electro-statics forces, or intra molecule forces or others transient forces that depend on the configuration of stuff.

      Obviously since we have complex systems, there must be a fundamental attractive force of some kind. But gravity isn't it, its just a consequence of it.

    12. Re:Straight from wikipedia by JohnStock · · Score: 1

      Higg is a field, not a fundamental force. I know that sounds wanky, but there's only 4 fundamental forces and several fields.

    13. Re:Straight from wikipedia by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      >> One little sentence in the summary would have made it SO much more worth reading.

      You're asking a lot of BeauHD. He'd actually have to do some work.

    14. Re:Straight from wikipedia by mikael · · Score: 1

      Does that make them gravitons?

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    15. Re:Straight from wikipedia by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yeah do you really expect the BeauHD bot to do anything more than what it's programmed to do?

    16. Re:Straight from wikipedia by Bengie · · Score: 1

      Most of the mass of a proton comes from the attractive energy among the quarks, not from their rest mass.

    17. Re:Straight from wikipedia by johanw · · Score: 1

      > As a photon, they have zero contribution to gravity potential

      That's simply not true. Gravity is cause by mass and energy / c^2. When 2 particles interact the resulting products have the same sum (rmass + energy / c^2) as they had before the interaction. Maybe you're confused because in modern physics "mass" is used for what used to be called "rest mass" in special relativity courses.

    18. Re:Straight from wikipedia by lhunath · · Score: 1

      Does that make them a candidate for Dark Matter?

      --
      ``OK, so ten out of ten for style, but minus several million for good thinking, yeah?''
    19. Re: Straight from wikipedia by sg_oneill · · Score: 1

      Well I'd argue the strong and weak nuclear forces are doing most of the heavy lifting here.

      --
      Excuse the Unicode crap in my posts. That's an apostrophe, and slashdot is busted.
    20. Re:Straight from wikipedia by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      They already solved the missing baryon problem: http://www.newsweek.com/mystery-universe-missing-matter-solved-681514

      'dark energy' is the missing piece now, not 'dark matter.'

    21. Re:Straight from wikipedia by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      According to this article this was a part of the invisble ordinary matter, not the dark matter:
      https://www.theguardian.com/sc...

    22. Re:Straight from wikipedia by painandgreed · · Score: 1

      Does that make them a candidate for Dark Matter?

      Yes. They are one possible part of the possible dark matter, but it is doubted that if they do exist, they would be all of it. ( Maybe not from TFA, but from a similar FA.)

    23. Re:Straight from wikipedia by Pfhorrest · · Score: 1

      So far as I understand it, every fundamental force (except possibly gravity which is yet unaccounted for in quantum field theories) is mediated by some kind of particle which is just an excitation of that field, e.g. the electromagnetic force corresponds to the electromagnetic field, which is to say the photon field as photons are just excitations of the electromagnetic field, and interaction with photons constitutes the electromagnetic force, as every electromagnetic interaction is mediated by an exchange of photons. The Higgs field seems like it would imply an equivalent Higgs force then.

      --
      -Forrest Cameranesi, Geek of all Trades
      "I am Sam. Sam I am. I do not like trolls, flames, or spam."
    24. Re:Straight from wikipedia by JohnStock · · Score: 1

      AFAIK, the Higgs Field imparts mass or gravity.. not sure which. Somewhere in there is the idea of the graviton as the particle that comes from the higgs field.

    25. Re:Straight from wikipedia by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I like to think of hadrons as tiny MMA cages. The quarks inside the cage are the fighters.

    26. Re:Straight from wikipedia by morethanapapercert · · Score: 1

      Considering how rarely existing neutrinos interact with common matter, I'm not surprised that there is another flavour that doesn't interact *at all* or, more pedantically, doesn't interact with matter at all to the limits of our ability to measure. After all, your typical neutrino can go through a light year thick piece of lead without interacting. Existing detection set ups would have billions or trillions of neutrinos pass through them undetected for every neutrino that does manage to interact with an atom of the detecting material.

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    27. Re:Straight from wikipedia by morethanapapercert · · Score: 1

      You know, that's one area of particle physics that's always troubled me. For the longest time we thought that mass gave rise to gravity. Then it looked like it might have been the other way around. Now it looks like a particles gravity and mass are effectively independent. (which is just weird as hell)

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    28. Re: Straight from wikipedia by tigersha · · Score: 1

      I would lime to know too... i wondered the other day why we have 4 fundamental forces and not 5. I know Higgs is a scalar field, is that the reason?

      --
      The dangers of excessive individualism are nothing compared to the oppressiveness of excessive collectivism
    29. Re: Straight from wikipedia by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Knowing the standard model, I'd argue there are only 2 fundamental forces - electroweak and strong force.

    30. Re:Straight from wikipedia by Pfhorrest · · Score: 2

      The Higgs field is unrelated to gravity as a force. Gravity acts on energy regardless of its form. Mass is what happens when energy gets confined. Most of the mass of normal matter can be accounted for by the binding energies confined in composite particles: the forces that hold atoms together into molecules, electrons and nuclei together into atoms, nucleons together into nuclei, and quarks together into nucleons. But the fundamental particles like those quarks and electrons also have mass, which raises the question of what is confining what energy to cause that; why aren't all the fundamental particles massless? The answer to that is the Higgs field: all of the would-have-been-massless fundamental particles interact constantly with the Higgs field, confining some of what would have been their kinetic energy, giving them mass (and making them move slower than light in the process).

      That's what prompted my initial question. If these sterile neutrinos don't interact with anything, then how can they be massive, since all mass arises from interactions? Someone elsewhere in the comments has said that the origin of neutrino mass is a mystery, as according to the Standard Model they should be massless, and these sterile neutrinos are part of one proposed explanation for that mystery, but I don't quite understand it yet.

      --
      -Forrest Cameranesi, Geek of all Trades
      "I am Sam. Sam I am. I do not like trolls, flames, or spam."
    31. Re:Straight from wikipedia by Pfhorrest · · Score: 1

      Gravity acts upon energy (or you could phrase it as energy distorts spacetime, which is the same thing). Mass is just rest energy, confined energy that's not free to be kinetic energy. (The Higgs field explains what is confining energy in the otherwise free, unconfined fundamental particles that nevertheless have mass for no other apparent reason). Where does it look like gravity and mass are at all independent?

      --
      -Forrest Cameranesi, Geek of all Trades
      "I am Sam. Sam I am. I do not like trolls, flames, or spam."
    32. Re:Straight from wikipedia by Bengie · · Score: 1

      If these sterile neutrinos don't interact with anything, then how can they be massive

      Depends on what the definition of "anything" is. It's a very non-scientific term.

    33. Re:Straight from wikipedia by strikethree · · Score: 1

      Well ask yourself this, where does the majority of mass of a proton come from?

      I am pretty sure that if you measure the strength of the "gravity" field around the proton, it would correspond nicely to the mass field of the proton.

      The existence of matter causes the existence of space-time. The reverse is also true, but it is difficult to talk about this stuff from the POV of the standard model.

      --
      "Someone needs to talk to the tree of liberty about its ghoulish drinking problem." by ohnocitizen
  2. So what netrino's are the basement dwellers of par by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    -icles they don't get laid anyway

  3. Re:Where in the world...? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Note to Sashfark, people should not be allowed to use karma on their own posts, becaause this is the sort of idiot nonsense you get

    and no I'm not logging and this stupid is the reason why.

  4. ur the results of Trump's education plan by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    it's mettling. not medalling. not metaling.

    1. Re: ur the results of Trump's education plan by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I don't know about American English, but in proper English it is meddling. Or did I miss the point and you were both just trolling?

    2. Re: ur the results of Trump's education plan by Applehu+Akbar · · Score: 1

      Spelling in Troll English does not correspond to either language.

    3. Re:ur the results of Trump's education plan by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It's me DD ling, you under-ape.

    4. Re:ur the results of Trump's education plan by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      it's mettling. not medalling. not metaling.

      Trump's education plan?!?!

      It's meddling, you fucking moron.

      Typical Trump Derangement Syndrome impaired progtard - too stupid to realize your own stupidity.

      And when you type shit like "ur", you come across as a lazy, illiterate bumpkin. Period.

    5. Re:ur the results of Trump's education plan by morethanapapercert · · Score: 1
      Your own link supports AC's correct assertion that the term for interfering in some one else's business (in this case the US election) is meddling. Medaling (one L), which is not a commonly used verb form of the noun medal, would describe the act of giving someone or something a medal (an award, typically made of metal and pinned on or suspended from a sash or ribbon) for an achievement of some sort. In standard English, you would normally say that a medal was awarded to someone, or that the medal for X was conferred upon recipient for their action(s) A(B,C etc) However, Medaled is a verb, such as when you say So-and-so medaled in the 300m hurdles, meaning they earned gold, silver or bronze.

      While I am on the subject, medal is a noun "oh a noun is a person place or thing" (thank you Schoolhouse rock) not a verb, whereas "meddle" is a verb since it describes an action.

      You made a simple grammar mistake, but when called on it, you doubled down and not only made the same mistake again, you made another one on top of it. You've given us a textbook example of Skitt's Law and. I'd argue, a good example of the Dunning-Kruger effect as well.

      --
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  5. Good to know by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    It's fortunate that neutrinos can be sterilized. We all know what happens when the they mutate.

    1. Re:Good to know by Tablizer · · Score: 1

      Non-sterile neutrinos reproduce like Schrodinger Rabbits, or not.

  6. Boffins in America by freeze128 · · Score: 5, Funny

    "Many boffins died to bring us this information."

    1. Re:Boffins in America by mjwx · · Score: 1

      "Many boffins died to bring us this information."

      Yes, but that's because over this side of the pond we administrators pit them against each other thunderdome style for our own amusement, two scientists enter, one scientist leaves. The actual research is quite safe.

      --
      Calling someone a "hater" only means you can not rationally rebut their argument.
    2. Re:Boffins in America by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Basically you make them fight to the death for grant money? That makes a lot of sense now.

  7. Re:Boppers in America!! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    She bop!! She bop!!

    The only thing worse than a neutrino ripping through your ball sack is a sterile neutrino ripping through your ball sack!!

  8. Re:Where in the world...? by PopeRatzo · · Score: 0

    She's hiding Barron from the fallout around his father being a serial whore-fucker who can't even keep himself from knocking them up. Let her have some peace, wherever she's hiding.

    So, you're saying she's hiding out with the Obamas having a polyamorous relationship? Makes sense. If you think back to the inauguration, you could tell that there was chemistry there.

    --
    You are welcome on my lawn.
  9. I also tend to agree with the findings... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I also tend to agree with the finding, but I also need more sigmas.

  10. Complicated by raymorris · · Score: 1

    I understand about 20% of what you said. It just reminds me everything stays super complicated down to the level is a bunch of different subatomic particles that we don't understand at all. All this complex system Ina single atom. Then 100 trillion atoms in a single cell of my body, making up complex structures such as ion pumps to move various things in and out of the cell, self-replication machinery, thousands of structures. With all of these systems within systems within systems too complex for physicists to understand, even your ear being far more complex than a Core i7.

    Amazing that all of it, all of these systems and structures, quintillions of individual parts just happened to randomly come together into perfectly working, self-sufficient systems without any of it ever being designed.

    1. Re:Complicated by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It isn't random like 10^whatever atoms just colliding together, it's according to physical laws and all the complexity comes from a far simpler "recipe" i.e. DNA.

    2. Re:Complicated by fisted · · Score: 1

      Amazing that all of it, all of these systems and structures, quintillions of individual parts just happened to randomly come together into perfectly working, self-sufficient systems without any of it ever being designed.

      Maybe far simpler systems came together by chance, and evolved given an enourmous amount of time? I know, I know. Unconvential thoughts and all.

    3. Re:Complicated by mikael · · Score: 1

      Like genetic algorithms, you start with something simple, then apply operations like duplicate, mutate best performers, cull worst performers, and repeat. There are some genetic frameworks; the groups of three amino acids (codons) that encode basic proteins. It's more of a stack based geometry language in that it allows to roll back by one amino acid, remove it and begin a new sequence. There's also END codons. From that you can build enzymes, RNA, DNA. The cell machinery allows for routing of proteins within the cell. Then there are inter-cellular signalling systems, hormones, hundreds of different reaction-diffusion systems to govern muscle contractions, and ion based protocols to govern neuron firing. There are histone groups to manage repair and reproduction of the DNA.

      --
      Vintage computer adverts: http://www.vintageadbrowser.com/computers-and-software-ads
    4. Re: Complicated by sg_oneill · · Score: 1

      It's not really THAT amazing, it kind of falls out of the math (so to speak) when you factor in evolutionary pressures. That's the thing about "designers", the universe doesn't need one so it's talk better left for the seminary than the laboratory

      --
      Excuse the Unicode crap in my posts. That's an apostrophe, and slashdot is busted.
    5. Re: Complicated by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Funny how you think (what we perceive as) the fundamental laws of nature could not possibly be designed.

      Think of Conway's game of life. It is not any particular layout of cells that is inherently amazing. It is the structure of the rules that is doing the heavy lifting. Chaos evolves into order because of it. It is brilliant and it is something of a fundamental property in the universe i.e. cellular automata is "borrowing" this property, we did not create the possibility itself, it was always a part of the universe. Go up a level or two. Where does it end? How did you ever deceive yourself this was not created? (I am no Christian)

  11. Was it born that way? by hyades1 · · Score: 5, Funny

    One has to ask: was this neutrino born sterile, or was it "fixed" because it lepton some poor physicist and left a meson his leg?

    --
    I've calculated my velocity with such exquisite precision that I have no idea where I am.
    1. Re:Was it born that way? by mjwx · · Score: 1

      One has to ask: was this neutrino born sterile, or was it "fixed" because it lepton some poor physicist and left a meson his leg?

      Well you've got the sterile neutrino that only reacts with gravity, not the other interactions in the standard model, then you've got the Incel neutrino which "involuntarily chooses" not to have any interactions with a model, standard or otherwise and spends most of its time slagging off the standard model on Neutrinos Going Their Own Way forums.

      --
      Calling someone a "hater" only means you can not rationally rebut their argument.
    2. Re:Was it born that way? by jklappenbach · · Score: 1

      We may have a new movement: the insteriles.

  12. Re:Boppers in America!! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    What? In which universe is a ballsack-pregnancy better?

  13. Stop linking to tabloids by locater16 · · Score: 5, Informative

    Seriously, wtf, how does this get on here?

    Because this is shit science reporting to nth degree. What scientists have found is a more controllable source of neutrinos, ones that result from kaon decay, that can eliminate the variability that prevents neutrino experiments from being conclusive. That this was in any way connected with sterile neutrinos is because it was an accidental discovery from an apparently inconclusive experiment trying to find sterile neutrinos, but the discovery itself is no indication of whether sterile neutrinos exist or not.

    There, the truth, now please never ever link to another shit site that does this again: https://smbc-comics.com/comic/...

    1. Re:Stop linking to tabloids by Headw1nd · · Score: 1

      Did you actually look at the article and the abstract or are you just copying this from somewhere for points? The abstract is talking about exactly what the article is talking about. There is no mention of "scientists finding a more controllable source of neutrinos" as far as I can tell that's just something you pulled out of your ass, unless you are talking about the 15-year-old MiniB00NE itself.

    2. Re:Stop linking to tabloids by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Maybe locater16 is just another fucking deplorable who doesn't want to believe the science.

  14. Re:Where in the world...? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Shut the fuck up you retard, christ.

  15. Better to ask what mass is by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    IMHO,

    You'd be better to question your mental definition of 'mass'.

    It scales with gravity, so it's just the result of the function = f_potential_to_contribute_to_gravity(stuff)

    i.e. it's nothing, an arbitrary choice we made, that's mistakenly used as a measure of the quantity of matter.

    So saying 'this particle is massless' is simply to say it doesn't have any attractive force that contributes to gravity. And saying that a particle has mass simply means it contributes to the gravity potential.

    And saying a particle expected to be massless actually has mass, simply means the particle is arrange differently. i.e. its not fundamental.

    If a massless neutrino actually has mass because you think its coupled to another particle that has mass, then it follows that neutrinos are not fundamental, the 'coupled' pair are fundamental because if they could exist separate then each one would be fundamental and detectable separately.

    Otherwise you'd detect massless neutrinos.

    1. Re: Better to ask what mass is by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No, massless things also contribute to gravitation via energy and momentum.

      Mass isn't easily understood. There is inertial mass and weight. Do you know the difference?

  16. "May have" by JohnStock · · Score: 1

    Is this The Sun or /. ?

    1. Re:"May have" by Required+Snark · · Score: 2

      The Sun emits lots of neutrinos.

      --
      Why is Snark Required?
  17. I need my covfefe by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I parsed this as 'Sterile Nintendo' the first time I read it. I need my coffee.

  18. Boffins? by Gojira+Shipi-Taro · · Score: 1

    Is this /. or The Register?

    (yes of course the link is to the Register, who over-uses the word Boffins like a bartender does ambien)

    --
    "Oh my God. This is terrible. This is the end of my Presidency. I'm fucked."; ~ Donald J. Trump
  19. Higgs is an Interaction by Roger+W+Moore · · Score: 1

    Higgs interactions do not count, as the Higgs is not a fundamental force.

    Higgs interactions do count if you are counting interactions. It is wrong to say that they only interact via gravity if they also interact via the Higgs. It might not be a force but it is an interaction. For example, if Dark Matter interacts via the Higgs we would not say that its only interaction is via gravity.

  20. Tau Neutrino? by Roger+W+Moore · · Score: 1

    The paper makes no mention of the tau neutrino which, at these energies, would appear "sterile" because there is not enough energy to produce a tau. Indeed the paper keeps using what it calls the "two neutrino" model when we know there are three neutrinos which oscillate.

    Some justification as to why the tau neutrino is excluded would be helpful as would a three-neutrino analysis even if the mixing angles mean that the tau component is negligible. I suspect there are some good justifications for this approximation but it would be nice if they included them in a paper that is making such strong claims.

    1. Re:Tau Neutrino? by habig · · Score: 2
      At the baseline and energy where Miniboone operates, numu have not had time to oscillate to nutau. At 10x the energy and 100x the baseline (eg, Nova, MINOS) they do, and this is measured well.

      So, that access to the 3rd neutrino state isn't there for this experiment, which is why they're talking about the 2 states in play.

      That said: the simple 3+1 neutrino model they propose, which would fit the Miniboone results on its own, is pretty solidly ruled out by a number of other experiments, most recently MINOS and IceCube. What is it then? We'd love to know, but odds are it's not a sterile neutrino.

    2. Re:Tau Neutrino? by Roger+W+Moore · · Score: 1

      Perhaps they ought to check that they have plugged in all their cables properly? ;-)

  21. Bad fit and contradicts other experiments by johanw · · Score: 2

    As some posters in this thread on Physics Forums pointed out in http://physicsforums.com/threa... , this result is a bad fit of the data and contradicts other experiments like the Planck satellite results.

  22. Is it proven by physburn · · Score: 1

    Experimental Particle Phycist Tomasso Dorirgo http://www.science20.com/tomma... doesn't rate the 4.8 sigma excess satistics as valid, thinks the systematic uncertainitys are much bigger.

  23. Re:Where in the world...? by UnknowingFool · · Score: 1

    Because no one really gives a damn. So the first lady recently had surgery and is not doing any press. So what? I have more issues with her husband being an idiot all the time.

    --
    Well, there's spam egg sausage and spam, that's not got much spam in it.
  24. Re:its fundamentally correct by morethanapapercert · · Score: 1
    Much as I dislike Trump, to be fair I have to say that I think the problems of his offspring are more a nurture rather than nature problem. Trump clearly picks trophy wives who are not only good looking, but fairly smart as well. (he then divorces them and extorts very controlling and even punitive divorce settlements out them if they show too much autonomy. He expects his wives to be arm candy, to shut up and look pretty so as to reflect on his success as a man)

    Being raised in that sort of environment is highly unlikely to produce admirable people or behaviours. It is the archetype for spoiled rich kid.

    --
    I need a wheelchair van for my son. Help me get the word out. https://www.gofundme.com/wheelchair-van-for-jj
  25. Re: Where is my repulser lift and FTL Drive by tigersha · · Score: 1

    Proxima Centauri is a star. A colony on that would be...warm?

    --
    The dangers of excessive individualism are nothing compared to the oppressiveness of excessive collectivism
  26. No goddamn priorities by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    This is what upsets you?

    Why aren't you upset about sniffing the Toddler in Chief's sopping diaper-load every fucking morning?

  27. Re:Where in the world...? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Don't waste your time, he's a boomer leftists. Despite the dumpster fire of a world they left us with, they're still convinced they know it all. Fortunately they're finally starting to die off.

  28. Rephrased, from layman to layman by iMadeGhostzilla · · Score: 1

    I felt the same reading the OP so I dug up a bit on what it all means and found it quite interesting. We asked where the mass comes from, but we didn't say what we meant by mass. In classical physics, mass just "is" -- it's a fundamental property of matter, that gives things weight in gravity. But in quantum mechanics, mass is a property derived from the energy of a fundamental zero-volume "particle" like photon or electron, or a system like the helium nucleus (which we see it as two neutrons plus two protons, but it's really a "cage" for the 12 point-particles -- quarks -- that make those 4 nucleons.) When the energy of the particle/system changes, its mass changes as well. The E=mc2 captures this relation.

    What the OP referred to is that the proton has a "resting" (non-moving) mass of 938 of some units, but the three quarks that make it have the rest mass of 9 of those units. The difference comes from the force that binds those quarks into a proton, and that force is carried by "particles" called "gluons". I put particles in quotes because the diameter of fundamental particles is thought to be exactly zero -- everything that makes the visible world is made of empty, non-material twists in space so to speak. ... Now reading what I wrote it doesn't seem much less complicated from what the OP wrote, and I don't even understand a tenth of the stuff. You may want to read this paper, which is fairly accessible as far as QM papers go:

    "What is the physical meaning of mass in view of wave-particle duality? A proposed model" https://arxiv.org/ftp/physics/...

    For my part, I'd only add that this is just a model -- quarks, electrons, photons etc. aren't "really" out there, those are all unknowable manifestation of nature that we interpret through our model. As that Nazi Werner Heisenberg said, "What we observe is not nature itself, but nature exposed to our method of questioning." Nevertheless, it's a very useful model -- for one thing it let us made the bomb to help defeat the Nazis. :-)

  29. Thanks for that by raymorris · · Score: 1

    Thanks.