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Slashdot Asks: What Are Some Programming Books You Wish You Had Read Earlier?
A blog post from developer turned writer Marty Jacobs caught my attention earlier this morning. In the post, Jacobs has listed some of the programming books he says he had discovered and read much sooner. He writes, "There are so many programming books out there, sometimes it's hard to know what books are best. Programming itself is so broad and there are so many concepts to learn." You can check out his list here. I was curious what books would you include if you were to make a similar list?
I've been programming for the past ~40 years and I'll try to summarize what I believe are the most important bits about programming (pardon the pun.) Think of this as a META: "HOWTO: Be A Great Programmer" summary. (I'll get to the books section in a bit.)
1. All code can be summarized as a trinity of 3 fundamental concepts:
* Linear; that is, sequence: A, B, C
* Cyclic; that is, unconditional jumps: A-B-C-goto B
* Choice; that is, conditional jumps: if A then B
2. ~80% of programming is NOT about code; it is about Effective Communication. Whether that be:
* with your compiler / interpreter / REPL
* with other code (levels of abstraction, level of coupling, separation of concerns, etc.)
* with your boss(es) / manager(s)
* with your colleagues
* with your legal team
* with your QA dept
* with your customer(s)
* with the general public
The other ~20% is effective time management and design. A good programmer knows how to budget their time. Programming is about balancing the three conflicting goals of the Program Management Triangle: You can have it on time, on budget, on quality. Pick two.
3. Stages of a Programmer
There are two old jokes:
And:
The point of these jokes is that as you work with systems you start to realize that a data-driven process can often greatly simplify things.
4. Know Thy Data
Fred Books once wrote
A more modern version would read like this:
Show me your code and I'll have to see your data,
Show me your data and I won't have to see your code.
The importance of data can't be understated:
* Optimization STARTS with understanding HOW the data is being generated and used, NOT the code as has been traditionally taught.
* Post 2000 "Big Data" has been called the new oil. We are generating upwards to millions of GB of data every second. Analyzing that data is import to spot trends and potential problems.
5. There are three levels of optimizations. From slowest to fastest run-time:
a) Bit-twiddling hacks
b) Algorithmic -- Algorithmic complexity or Analysis of algorithms (such as Big-O notation)
c) Data-Orientated Design -- Understanding how hardware caches such as instruction and data caches matter. Optimize for the common case, NOT the single case that OOP tends to favor.
Optimizing is understanding Bang-for-the-Buck. 80% of code execution is spent in 20% of the time. Speeding up hot-spots with bit twiddling won't be as effective as using a more efficient algorithm which, in turn, won't be as efficient as understanding HOW the data is manipulated in the first place.
6. Fundamental Reading
Since the OP specifically asked about books -- there are lots of great ones. The ones that have impressed me that I would mark as "required" reading:
* The Mythical Man-Month
* Godel, Escher, Bach
* Knuth: The Art of Computer Programming
* The Pragmatic Programmer
* Zero Bugs and Program Faster
* Writing Solid Code / Code Comp