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Computer Programming for Everyone
jbc writes "According to Guido, DARPA has accepted an initial version of a proposal called Computer Programming for Everybody. The idea is to use government money to develop and promote a Python-centered curriculum for high schools and colleges. He defends the choice of Python, as opposed to languages like Perl, Tcl, or Visual Basic, because the latter are, in his view, 'too cluttered with idiosyncracies' to be effectively taught to beginners. " This is actually something I've been peripherally involved with. My CS teacher and I have been talking with Guido about this (I go to Yorktown, one of the schools mentioned in the proposal) - I can tell you firsthand that C++ is just too difficult for first-year CS students in high school, whereas Python is quite simple and elegant. Hopefully, this program will serve as a nice intro for students so that they can get started in programming and perhaps move on to other
languages as they become more and more accustomed to the practices of programming.
Python's a good choice, but what really needs to be done is to separate the coding aspect from the theory aspect (I know, difficult to do). I went to school at Lehigh University where, among other things, I delved a little into the CS department (I was an architecture major, so it was a bit of a sidestep). I hadn't had any programming experience prior to Lehigh, and I cut my teeth on programming theory using Pascal. The programs are so basic at that level that idiosyncracies don't matter, but learning Pascal itself became the major obstacle. Since then, Lehigh's taken their curriculum and moved it over to C++, but the introductory course teaches neither C++ or Pascal. It uses a pseudocode that is very simple, so the class really becomes about theory and not about coding. Later, you learn C++ as part of coding, and you already have the background to handle the theory part. Because the theory part is so complicated and the coding so simple, they can go into different ideas that may not be available in a certain language. That, I think, is where CS studies should go.
Personally, I use Perl non-stop and it was very easy for me to pick up, even having only a Pascal background. I learned Perl reading through old source code and reading the man pages. I do think that programming should be taught by Unix admins. The best CS course I ever had at Lehigh was a course called C & Unix which was taught by Lehigh's EECS sysadmin. I learned so much about coding, and it was all stuff that the Windows-based professors didn't seem to think was important.
*clink* *clink*
There's my two cents.
The Alice developers modified Python in a few way to make it easier for their intended audience. The major changes were:
Those are the only changes I can remember from the talk, and it's a remarkably short list. They also avoided using XYZ coordinates, instead using object positions and directions. For example, you can say rabbit.lookAt(copter), after which an Energizer bunny object will always stare at a helicopter, no matter where the copter object is moved. People had no trouble with the idea of objects, but little things like case-sensitivity threw them.
I think we should all have understood by now that the criteria by which people assess the quality of a programming language/tool are mostly wrong. The worst of which are: bit-level performance and object orientation.
/.ers seem to dislike Visual Basic. There can only two reasons for this: a deeply rooted hate for Microsoft, and pure ignorance. There may be a lot of things that can be done better in VB. However, VB and Access have quite a large amount of self knowledge. You may, for example, ask most classes, in code, what their properties are, what their methods are, and what their parent class is, and so on. C/C++ not only lack self-knowledge, even worse, these languages require you to code details that are of no interest to problem at hand. C/C++ is for people who don't understand programming. What is programming? It's rather simple: A is the amount of time you have, and B is the result that you need. If you then chose C/C++, you should go and see a shrink.
Bit-level performance is a non-issue for most programmers. The operative word here is "most". What do most people write anyway? Well, just look at who is paying most programmers: corporations. What do they need from programmers? Programs that run their business, that is, programs that help with order processing, manufacturing, payroll, accounting, and so on. Most of these programs spend 95% of their time in larger frameworks that manage the databases, the GUIs, et cetera. Therefore, your language of choice may be fast or slow, it won't make any difference. If you want speed in these applications, chose a fast database, a fast GUI framework and fast, other supportive components.
Object orientation is another one of these miracle cure-all solutions that almost never work, even though no one will openly admit it. By modeling business apps as objects, you will not only lose a lot of time, but, even worse, make your applications much less maintainable. Why so? Because the complexity of business applications is in their data, and the only thing you will do by modeling business applications as object frameworks, is to replicate this complexity once more in your object classes. And then you will have an extra chunk of code to maintain, when you change your database structures. Next to your database design, your GUIs and your batches that you need to maintain, you will need to maintain the so-called business objects. These business objects "know" your data structure, and, therefore, have to be informed of changes in it. The duplication effort is ridiculous and only pays off in wasted time.
The whole concept of business objects is a laughable hype. Quite naturally, the more someone is ignorant and incompetent, the more he will jump from one hype to another, trying to use the latest fad, and miserably fail. This is normal, because the only way incompetent people can judge a technology, is by hyping along with the rest.
I didn't say that object orientation is a bad idea altogether. I've said that it is of no use in typical business applications, and even dangerous.
What is a true criterion for quality in a language/tool? Well, as ever. It's definitely not new. Read the classical Greek literature for the source of true wisdom. A language/tool is of high quality if it has a high level of self-knowledge.
A relational database is a great tool, primarily, because of its self-knowledge. You can ask it what tables it contains, what relationships there are between those tables, what columns they contain, what datatype they have, and so on. You don't need to enumerate all fields in a particular table in your program. You may prefer to work at a more abstract level, and define rules that work in general, and only mention the exceptions to the rule. Therefore, You may manage your code by exceptions, instead of replicating knowledge all over the system, and create potential for inconsistencies.
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