To answer your second question, the "why" is that every magnetic media we have has seek times that are roughly 3 orders of magnitude slower than the timescales RAM and CPU work on, making every seek a massive performance hit.
Until we completely eliminate those seek hits, defragmentation will be necessary, and at the moment SSDs are nowhere near the majority of data storage.
They require fragmentation because when 2 10MB files are allocated, and then data is removed from the first to bring it down to 5MB, there is a 5MB hole in between the files. Over the course of time, there will be many small holes in your filesystem, and eventually you will need to write a file that is bigger than any single "hole". At that point, the data will be fragmented across several holes.
This is simply a reality of using filesystems, and cannot be avoided without a precognitive, omnipotent filesystem. Anything you might do to alleviate this problem (reorganizing stuff on the fly) is essentially defragmenting.
Traditional disks are STILL about 10x the capacity and 1/10th the price-per-capacity of SSDs, as they have been since they arrived. Price-per-GB for SSDs has come down, but so has price-per-GB of mechanical drives-- currently you can get a 3TB drive for ~$100, while a 256GB SSD costs around $200-- thats 8x the cost for the SSD.
TW Don't allow an NTFS disk to exceed 50 percent full or you will suffer data loss/corruption - don't believe me? Check the MS Knowledge base and yes it still applies to Win8 since it's using NTFS.
Source or bull. The only space limitation on NTFS is that you are "supposed" to leave at least 15% of space for defrag-- though i suspect like the "swap=2xRAM" metric of old that it is only a rough guide and horribly outdated.
Im not sure why radio isnt listed, but infrared, visible, and ultraviolet are all more energetic and "damaging" than radio waves.
The total amount of energy received at ground level from the sun at the zenith is 1004 watts per square meter, which is composed of 527 watts of infrared radiation, 445 watts of visible light, and 32 watts of ultraviolet radiation.
So a few watts of power floating around your home is probably not that much to worry about.
Also, those two links you provided are both from primary school students--not even highschoolers-- so Im gonna say its probably not on the same level as the existing evidence against WiFi causing harm.
Wifi operates with radio waves. Do you have any idea how much radiowave, microwave, infrared, and ultraviolet radiation we are bombarded with every day? Or any idea that of those listed, none are ionizing (upper end of ultraviolet is, but is absorbed by atmosphere), and of those, only ultraviolet is more energetic than visible spectrum?
The only damage that we are aware of a cause for-- or aware of symptoms for-- is thermal damage if you were to jack the power up high enough to start cooking flesh. Absent both a known cause and any known incidents, there is zero reason to claim that wifi can cause damage.
There is no online ext3 defragmentation tool that works on the filesystem level.... While ext3 is more resistant to file fragmentation than the FAT filesystem, ext3 can get fragmented over time or for specific usage patterns, like slowly-writing large files.[23][24] Consequently, ext4, the successor to ext3, is planned to eventually include an online filesystem defragmentation
All filesystems running on magnetic media require defragmentation. Those that "do not" are defragging. Fragmentation is a fact of life with any filesystem. And before you start up with the "well ext requires less", so does NTFS: comparisons between ext and "the Windows world" are invariably referring to FAT, not NTFS, which is by all accounts a strong competitor to the ext family.
So a better remark might be "ext3 doesnt support online defrag? How unfortunate."
You have no idea what you are talking about. Your attempt to cite information you clearly don't understand doesn't alter this.
512GB hits the use case for probably 95% of consumers (based anecdotally on backup sizes and harddrive capacities for ~3-400 friends, customers, family, etc).
That is not correct; there are physiological differences between "races". Black people tend to have higher risks of certain heart disease; white people have higher risks of some kinds of cancer; Inuit people have a lower risk of death from cholesterol build up due to fatty diet; etc etc etc.
Sovereignty is determined by one's ability to maintain authority in an area. In a lot of cases this is determined by international politics, not by some arbitrary right.
If all countries but one agree that sarin is no longer allowed, that one country no longer has a right to sarin. It really doesnt matter what that one country thinks if it cannot defend its "right".
If you take one bit from one source, then one bit from the other source, and one of the sources isn't random, you lose half your randomness.
Thats not how it works. If one of those sources is unpredictable and random, it does not matter how predictable the other source is-- you will have no additional info on what the output is.
How, exactly, does mixing pseudorandom data with random data lower entropy? If you XOR 123456789 with a string of 9 random digits, the output will still be completely unpredictable-- that one of the inputs was predictable does nothing to lower the entropy whatsoever.
The idea behind the chemical weapon aversion AFAIK is that unlike bullets-- which are great on a battlefield-- chemical weapons have a tendency to be at least as damaging to the civilian populations as they are to the military, and often moreso.
That is why many countries agreed to stop using them; waging war isnt going to stop, but we can try to prevent them from being Pyrrhic in all situations.
People throw the word "right" around too liberally. Rights are determined by others, or by a higher standard. At an international level, a country's "rights" are determined by others in the global playing field.
Race is an english word, and like all other words that people use, it has a meaning that is determined by how it is commonly interpreted by others.
The word race in common usage refers to ethnicity. You can be pigheaded and insist that its dictionary meaning is different, but then you will only have yourself to blame when everyone misunderstands you.
I think constantly telling the black population that the reason theyre not as successful is because theyre victims and need special allowances does far more to harm the community than anything else might.
Slashdot Mirror
To answer your second question, the "why" is that every magnetic media we have has seek times that are roughly 3 orders of magnitude slower than the timescales RAM and CPU work on, making every seek a massive performance hit.
Until we completely eliminate those seek hits, defragmentation will be necessary, and at the moment SSDs are nowhere near the majority of data storage.
They require fragmentation because when 2 10MB files are allocated, and then data is removed from the first to bring it down to 5MB, there is a 5MB hole in between the files. Over the course of time, there will be many small holes in your filesystem, and eventually you will need to write a file that is bigger than any single "hole". At that point, the data will be fragmented across several holes.
This is simply a reality of using filesystems, and cannot be avoided without a precognitive, omnipotent filesystem. Anything you might do to alleviate this problem (reorganizing stuff on the fly) is essentially defragmenting.
Traditional disks are STILL about 10x the capacity and 1/10th the price-per-capacity of SSDs, as they have been since they arrived. Price-per-GB for SSDs has come down, but so has price-per-GB of mechanical drives-- currently you can get a 3TB drive for ~$100, while a 256GB SSD costs around $200-- thats 8x the cost for the SSD.
So do all filesystems operating on media with higher sequential throughput than random throughput.
Fragmentation will occur on any filesystem which allows files to be modified without being re-written in full.
TW Don't allow an NTFS disk to exceed 50 percent full or you will suffer data loss/corruption - don't believe me? Check the MS Knowledge base and yes it still applies to Win8 since it's using NTFS.
Source or bull. The only space limitation on NTFS is that you are "supposed" to leave at least 15% of space for defrag-- though i suspect like the "swap=2xRAM" metric of old that it is only a rough guide and horribly outdated.
Considering the amount of energy in sunlight, I really dont think a watt per square meter is really that big of a deal.
No, because the sun bombards us with far more of that crap than a 30mW router will.
Heres a nice summary
Im not sure why radio isnt listed, but infrared, visible, and ultraviolet are all more energetic and "damaging" than radio waves.
The total amount of energy received at ground level from the sun at the zenith is 1004 watts per square meter, which is composed of 527 watts of infrared radiation, 445 watts of visible light, and 32 watts of ultraviolet radiation.
So a few watts of power floating around your home is probably not that much to worry about.
Also, those two links you provided are both from primary school students--not even highschoolers-- so Im gonna say its probably not on the same level as the existing evidence against WiFi causing harm.
Wifi operates with radio waves. Do you have any idea how much radiowave, microwave, infrared, and ultraviolet radiation we are bombarded with every day? Or any idea that of those listed, none are ionizing (upper end of ultraviolet is, but is absorbed by atmosphere), and of those, only ultraviolet is more energetic than visible spectrum?
The only damage that we are aware of a cause for-- or aware of symptoms for-- is thermal damage if you were to jack the power up high enough to start cooking flesh. Absent both a known cause and any known incidents, there is zero reason to claim that wifi can cause damage.
http://askubuntu.com/questions/9306/do-i-need-to-defrag-ext-file-systems
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ext3#Disadvantages
There is no online ext3 defragmentation tool that works on the filesystem level.... While ext3 is more resistant to file fragmentation than the FAT filesystem, ext3 can get fragmented over time or for specific usage patterns, like slowly-writing large files.[23][24] Consequently, ext4, the successor to ext3, is planned to eventually include an online filesystem defragmentation
All filesystems running on magnetic media require defragmentation. Those that "do not" are defragging. Fragmentation is a fact of life with any filesystem. And before you start up with the "well ext requires less", so does NTFS: comparisons between ext and "the Windows world" are invariably referring to FAT, not NTFS, which is by all accounts a strong competitor to the ext family.
So a better remark might be "ext3 doesnt support online defrag? How unfortunate."
You have no idea what you are talking about. Your attempt to cite information you clearly don't understand doesn't alter this.
How appropriate for your post.
512GB hits the use case for probably 95% of consumers (based anecdotally on backup sizes and harddrive capacities for ~3-400 friends, customers, family, etc).
That is not correct; there are physiological differences between "races". Black people tend to have higher risks of certain heart disease; white people have higher risks of some kinds of cancer; Inuit people have a lower risk of death from cholesterol build up due to fatty diet; etc etc etc.
A random source by definition is not correlated with anything. If it is, then it isnt random.
Sovereignty is determined by one's ability to maintain authority in an area. In a lot of cases this is determined by international politics, not by some arbitrary right.
If all countries but one agree that sarin is no longer allowed, that one country no longer has a right to sarin. It really doesnt matter what that one country thinks if it cannot defend its "right".
If you take one bit from one source, then one bit from the other source, and one of the sources isn't random, you lose half your randomness.
Thats not how it works. If one of those sources is unpredictable and random, it does not matter how predictable the other source is-- you will have no additional info on what the output is.
That is 7 years ago.
How, exactly, does mixing pseudorandom data with random data lower entropy? If you XOR 123456789 with a string of 9 random digits, the output will still be completely unpredictable-- that one of the inputs was predictable does nothing to lower the entropy whatsoever.
According to Linus, it ISNT the sole source of entropy, making this whole discussion pointless.
If you XOR random input with only somewhat random input, Im pretty sure get random output.
The idea behind the chemical weapon aversion AFAIK is that unlike bullets-- which are great on a battlefield-- chemical weapons have a tendency to be at least as damaging to the civilian populations as they are to the military, and often moreso.
That is why many countries agreed to stop using them; waging war isnt going to stop, but we can try to prevent them from being Pyrrhic in all situations.
People throw the word "right" around too liberally. Rights are determined by others, or by a higher standard. At an international level, a country's "rights" are determined by others in the global playing field.
Race is an english word, and like all other words that people use, it has a meaning that is determined by how it is commonly interpreted by others.
The word race in common usage refers to ethnicity. You can be pigheaded and insist that its dictionary meaning is different, but then you will only have yourself to blame when everyone misunderstands you.
I think constantly telling the black population that the reason theyre not as successful is because theyre victims and need special allowances does far more to harm the community than anything else might.
It's still very rampant. Is your workplace demographics reflective of the demographics of society at large?
The demographics at large have ~15% of the population as black. I would say thats probably representative of where I work.
RC4, and SSL are irrelevant because the gov gets the data unencrypted.
Noone has any details on WHAT theyre getting. The recent reports are that theyre cracking thru encryption.
If you have a source explaining exactly what and how theyre getting data, do share.