1620, however the first attempt at colonization occured in 1585, the first successful colony was established at Jamestown in 1607. 1609 is the year the Captain John Smith left that colony.
However, these were not anything like the first colonizations of the New World by the "west." They are merely the first attempts at colonization of the American continent by England. Your sense of history is warped by having an American education which denigrates the Spanish, the people whom Coloumbus represented.
St. Augustine, Florida was established in 1565, however Nueva Espagna was estblished in the southwest much earlier and Jew escaping the inquisition settled in as early as 1530, exactly 100 years before the arrival of the Puritans in the Mass. Bay Colony (the "Pilgrims" weren't Puritans. They were a small group of radical adventists who came to the New World to await their imminent, like later this month, rapture). These people don't get their place in history because a)They were Jews, and b)as such their colonies were not officially chartered as was St. Augustine. ..but they were there nonetheless.
Again, however, all of this addresses only settlment of the American continent, not the New World. Columbus himself established the first European colony on Hispaniola in 1493, only one year after he discovered it. Gold was discovered in 1496 insuring its long term survival and the African slave trade to the colony began in 1503.
Not only was there no gap in exploration, as there has been in the human exploration of space beyond Earth orbit, but successful colonization began virtually instantaneously with discovery.
Some of which, as it was not laid out with a straightedge, faces north.
While the coastline in southern california faces southwest and Los Angeles is east of Reno (the state is distinctly boomerang-shaped), most Californians think of the coast as a westerly-facing one.
I used to live on the Pacific coast. I've never been west of Dodge City, Kansas. The coast faced due south.
No sales tax, but two, two, two shipping charges and perhaps double the insurance if it's something really valuable, which would seem to be the only case where you might come out ahead.
There is an easier way. Simply levy the tax directly on the gross sales of the business. This is what NH does.
You, as a consumer, simply see a price on an item and that is what you actually pay. The state gets its cut on every sale, no matter who or where the buyer is, because the tax is levied directly on the business which is physically within its jurisdiction; and under such a system the business is not a forced agent for the state, but merely has its own tax liability.
Yes, I have owned a brick and mortar retail store where I did all the paperwork myself, as well as having managed a number of others.
It is also the basis the for Supreme Court ruling exempting businesses for collecting sales taxes for customers in other states.
Neither party is privleged in the transaction, as is seen by states typically also applying sales transactions to exchange of goods for goods (based on fair market value.)
In which case both parties are legally buyers.We aren't dealing with issues of contractual privilege, we are dealing the tax liability. Tax libilities are always explicitly defined.
The relevant law is the one that requires you, as the buyer, to file with the state for each mail order purchase or casual transaction and pay the tax on it.
It's just that most companies charge the consumer (hey, dopey, you voted for the tax, you pay it. We're not!) but sometimes companies do have "we pay your sales tax" sales.
No.
In sales tax states you must acquire a permit from the state allowing you to collect the tax from the consumer.You must collect the tax. In most states you must list the cost of the tax explicitly, you cannot "bundle" it into the price, by law.
In the case of a casual sale the buyer is still repsonsible for paying the tax, such as when you buy a car from a private owner. The DMV will levy the tax against you when you seek to register the car, and the fact that your mom pays it for you as as gift does not alter the fact that you are one legally responsible.
"We'll pay the sales tax for you" is a marketing gimmick, not legal reality, and isn't even legal in some states where it would be considered a fraudulent claim (they've really just lowered the price).
I suppose some states, with ignorant, subgenius politicians. ..
But you repeat yourself.
. ..never realized this and crafted laws the wrong way.
The law is as the law is crafted, however, a sales tax is, by legal definition a tax on the consumer, which is why internet sales companies are "exempt" from them. They do not owe them in the first place. They only collect them. If you do not understand and accept this you will never be able to understand the "mail order loophole."
The problem is not in crafting the law the "wrong way," per se, but rather in using a form of law with consequences they aren't happy about.
A business tax on gross sales is an entirely different legal beasty than a sales tax.In a state with one of these you will not be levied at DMV for the car you bought from your neighbor.
Ok, the first thing you have to understand is who the tax is levied on. It is not levied on the business, the business merely acts as the agent, collecting it for the state ( this is, in fact, my primary philosophical objection to the sales taxes. It forces the businessman to be the tax agent of the state in order to do business at all). Sales taxes are consumer taxes.
If you are in CA, purchasing from a CA store, you are both under the legal jurisdiction of CA. A cop can stand there and make you pay the tax, and the business collect it.
If, however, you call up the CA store from NY a NY cop cannot stand in the CA store and make them collect NY sales tax, which is actually the jurisdiction owed the tax, not CA.
It is the buyer who pays the tax, and thus the location of the buyer that determines to what jurisdiction the tax is due. The buyer is not actually exempt from the tax, simply that the seller cannot be forced to collect the tax, being in a different legal jurisdiction.The buyer, in all likelyhood, still owes the tax, and if he does not pay it is a tax evader in his own jurisdiction.
The business pays its own taxes. It isn't "getting away" with anything, except saving a godawful lot of paperwork for itself.
For jurisdictions, such as NH, that do not levy a consumer sales tax, but rely strictly on taxing businesses directly, all such issues disappear.
They have a lot of facilities in California too but how does this article boil down to Borders being a CA company?
If I have a store in NY and a store in VT, the store in VT is operating under the legal jurisdiction of VT. If I have a store there, I must file for the various required permits, including a reseller's tax permit.
Where my corporate headquarters happen to be are completely irrelevant to the business' legal status in VT. They can send in actual cops to shut down my actual store in VT, because it's actually there.
The "mailorder loophole" comes about because if I only have a store in NY and ship to a customer in VT VT's cops cannot come to my store in NY and demand tax registration/payment.
It's a pretty simple and pragmatic concept really, you are free to behave in any manner that a cop can't come take you away for.
If he can, you might want to consider taking his advice as to how to behave.
He is a book reviewer. He seeks books to review. Publishers send them to him because he is a book reviewer.
The relationship is causal and happens often enough, by the author's own admission (since this is the way things work, most books for review arrive unsolicited), that the author expects it to happen.
If I jump out of an airplane the arrival of the ground may surprise me, but it is not serendipitous. The fortuitous arrival of a haytruck right underneath me at just the right time would be.
Inheriting a million bucks from a relative you've never heard of is simply good fortune. Inheriting a million bucks from a relative you've never heard of just in time to save you from forclosure on your house is serendipitous because it a valuable and agreeable thing.
A better way of phrasing "not sought for" would be "aquired by chance and the defintion would be made better by appending the phrase "while seeking something else."
The only way a book reviewer receiving an unsolicited book in the mail could become serendipitous is if the arrival of that particular book was more valuable and/or agreeable for some reason noncausally connected to his merely being a book reviewer than some other book would be.
Like if a publisher had just asked him for a review of an HTML book for executives. An unsought for coincidence that nonetheless gives the feeling that there is some mysterious causal relationship at work.
Serendipity is entirely defined by the context in which the finding of the valuable thing occurs.
And why not, it makes a Mac the obvious choice for someone who wants to run multiple OSs.
And once you've got a Mac on your desk you are exposed to the entire Apple pantheon and are more likely to buy other Apple products, including software.
So long as you can only run an Apple OS on Apple hardware it's a killer strategy.
Slashdot Mirror
. . .Pilgrams 1609. . .
.but they were there nonetheless.
1620, however the first attempt at colonization occured in 1585, the first successful colony was established at Jamestown in 1607. 1609 is the year the Captain John Smith left that colony.
However, these were not anything like the first colonizations of the New World by the "west." They are merely the first attempts at colonization of the American continent by England. Your sense of history is warped by having an American education which denigrates the Spanish, the people whom Coloumbus represented.
St. Augustine, Florida was established in 1565, however Nueva Espagna was estblished in the southwest much earlier and Jew escaping the inquisition settled in as early as 1530, exactly 100 years before the arrival of the Puritans in the Mass. Bay Colony (the "Pilgrims" weren't Puritans. They were a small group of radical adventists who came to the New World to await their imminent, like later this month, rapture). These people don't get their place in history because a)They were Jews, and b)as such their colonies were not officially chartered as was St. Augustine. .
Again, however, all of this addresses only settlment of the American continent, not the New World. Columbus himself established the first European colony on Hispaniola in 1493, only one year after he discovered it. Gold was discovered in 1496 insuring its long term survival and the African slave trade to the colony began in 1503.
Not only was there no gap in exploration, as there has been in the human exploration of space beyond Earth orbit, but successful colonization began virtually instantaneously with discovery.
KFG
why do you hurt me?
Because I love you, you love me, we're a sadomaso family.
KFG
California has about 840 miles of coastline.
Some of which, as it was not laid out with a straightedge, faces north.
While the coastline in southern california faces southwest and Los Angeles is east of Reno (the state is distinctly boomerang-shaped), most Californians think of the coast as a westerly-facing one.
I used to live on the Pacific coast. I've never been west of Dodge City, Kansas. The coast faced due south.
KFG
end up funny.
I suppose the insensity scale would be the inverted intensity scale. They probably use it in the antipodes.
Either that or it's something to do with drinking games.
KFG
Modified Mercalli Insensity Scale
KFG
No sales tax, but two, two, two shipping charges and perhaps double the insurance if it's something really valuable, which would seem to be the only case where you might come out ahead.
KFG
There is an easier way. Simply levy the tax directly on the gross sales of the business. This is what NH does.
You, as a consumer, simply see a price on an item and that is what you actually pay. The state gets its cut on every sale, no matter who or where the buyer is, because the tax is levied directly on the business which is physically within its jurisdiction; and under such a system the business is not a forced agent for the state, but merely has its own tax liability.
KFG
Are you sure this is correct?
.
.never realized this and crafted laws the wrong way.
Yes, I have owned a brick and mortar retail store where I did all the paperwork myself, as well as having managed a number of others.
It is also the basis the for Supreme Court ruling exempting businesses for collecting sales taxes for customers in other states.
Neither party is privleged in the transaction, as is seen by states typically also applying sales transactions to exchange of goods for goods (based on fair market value.)
In which case both parties are legally buyers.We aren't dealing with issues of contractual privilege, we are dealing the tax liability. Tax libilities are always explicitly defined.
The relevant law is the one that requires you, as the buyer, to file with the state for each mail order purchase or casual transaction and pay the tax on it.
It's just that most companies charge the consumer (hey, dopey, you voted for the tax, you pay it. We're not!) but sometimes companies do have "we pay your sales tax" sales.
No.
In sales tax states you must acquire a permit from the state allowing you to collect the tax from the consumer.You must collect the tax. In most states you must list the cost of the tax explicitly, you cannot "bundle" it into the price, by law.
In the case of a casual sale the buyer is still repsonsible for paying the tax, such as when you buy a car from a private owner. The DMV will levy the tax against you when you seek to register the car, and the fact that your mom pays it for you as as gift does not alter the fact that you are one legally responsible.
"We'll pay the sales tax for you" is a marketing gimmick, not legal reality, and isn't even legal in some states where it would be considered a fraudulent claim (they've really just lowered the price).
I suppose some states, with ignorant, subgenius politicians. .
But you repeat yourself.
. .
The law is as the law is crafted, however, a sales tax is, by legal definition a tax on the consumer, which is why internet sales companies are "exempt" from them. They do not owe them in the first place. They only collect them. If you do not understand and accept this you will never be able to understand the "mail order loophole."
The problem is not in crafting the law the "wrong way," per se, but rather in using a form of law with consequences they aren't happy about.
A business tax on gross sales is an entirely different legal beasty than a sales tax.In a state with one of these you will not be levied at DMV for the car you bought from your neighbor.
KFG
The Question:
How many sharks with frickin' laser beams on their heads do I need to take over the world?
KFG
If they don't want you to know about it, how do you know what it is that you need to hide?
KFG
Ok, the first thing you have to understand is who the tax is levied on. It is not levied on the business, the business merely acts as the agent, collecting it for the state ( this is, in fact, my primary philosophical objection to the sales taxes. It forces the businessman to be the tax agent of the state in order to do business at all). Sales taxes are consumer taxes.
If you are in CA, purchasing from a CA store, you are both under the legal jurisdiction of CA. A cop can stand there and make you pay the tax, and the business collect it.
If, however, you call up the CA store from NY a NY cop cannot stand in the CA store and make them collect NY sales tax, which is actually the jurisdiction owed the tax, not CA.
It is the buyer who pays the tax, and thus the location of the buyer that determines to what jurisdiction the tax is due. The buyer is not actually exempt from the tax, simply that the seller cannot be forced to collect the tax, being in a different legal jurisdiction.The buyer, in all likelyhood, still owes the tax, and if he does not pay it is a tax evader in his own jurisdiction.
The business pays its own taxes. It isn't "getting away" with anything, except saving a godawful lot of paperwork for itself.
For jurisdictions, such as NH, that do not levy a consumer sales tax, but rely strictly on taxing businesses directly, all such issues disappear.
KFG
They have a lot of facilities in California too but how does this article boil down to Borders being a CA company?
If I have a store in NY and a store in VT, the store in VT is operating under the legal jurisdiction of VT. If I have a store there, I must file for the various required permits, including a reseller's tax permit.
Where my corporate headquarters happen to be are completely irrelevant to the business' legal status in VT. They can send in actual cops to shut down my actual store in VT, because it's actually there.
The "mailorder loophole" comes about because if I only have a store in NY and ship to a customer in VT VT's cops cannot come to my store in NY and demand tax registration/payment.
It's a pretty simple and pragmatic concept really, you are free to behave in any manner that a cop can't come take you away for.
If he can, you might want to consider taking his advice as to how to behave.
KFG
Shhhhhhhhhhhh! That we don't want to talk about.
KFG
Because a buyer in one state is not under the jurisdiction of another state.
You are "magically exempt" from a foreign state's vehicle registration fees as well.
KFG
Do you buy a car based on the firing order of the cylinders or the backlash of the timing gears?
We're talking about specs of a different order other than consumer performance specs, which can can simply be measured by anyone anyway.
KFG
But it sure as hell will tell a hardware designer.
What a machine does is how it's made.
KFG
As a recent Slashdot story highlighted market share and installed base are two different things measured in two different ways.
The very argument that piracy causes harm is based on the idea that the increase in installed base is done at the expense of market share.
KFG
He is a book reviewer. He seeks books to review. Publishers send them to him because he is a book reviewer.
The relationship is causal and happens often enough, by the author's own admission (since this is the way things work, most books for review arrive unsolicited), that the author expects it to happen.
If I jump out of an airplane the arrival of the ground may surprise me, but it is not serendipitous. The fortuitous arrival of a haytruck right underneath me at just the right time would be.
Inheriting a million bucks from a relative you've never heard of is simply good fortune. Inheriting a million bucks from a relative you've never heard of just in time to save you from forclosure on your house is serendipitous because it a valuable and agreeable thing.
A better way of phrasing "not sought for" would be "aquired by chance and the defintion would be made better by appending the phrase "while seeking something else."
http://livingheritage.org/three_princes.htm
The only way a book reviewer receiving an unsolicited book in the mail could become serendipitous is if the arrival of that particular book was more valuable and/or agreeable for some reason noncausally connected to his merely being a book reviewer than some other book would be.
Like if a publisher had just asked him for a review of an HTML book for executives. An unsought for coincidence that nonetheless gives the feeling that there is some mysterious causal relationship at work.
Serendipity is entirely defined by the context in which the finding of the valuable thing occurs.
KFG
I believe that the author was refering to the contents of the package, i.e. a book.
Now who woulda thunk that a book might end up in a package sent to a book reviewer? Clearly the universe works in mysterious ways.
KFG
What the heck does serendipitous mean?
Not what the author seems to think it means. I hope he doesn't use that word a lot.
KFG
Glad to see that the fear was unjustified.
You already know that. I already know that.
Go try to explain it to Capt. Oblivious.
KFG
The smaller the target audience, the more I'd call it a "journal"
Tell it to the Wall Street Journal and the journalists who work there.
KFG
. . .a Gartner speculative report.
Oh for an "Internally Redundant" mod.
KFG
And why not, it makes a Mac the obvious choice for someone who wants to run multiple OSs.
And once you've got a Mac on your desk you are exposed to the entire Apple pantheon and are more likely to buy other Apple products, including software.
So long as you can only run an Apple OS on Apple hardware it's a killer strategy.
KFG
Where he of course met Guinan and Data and was almost killed by time shifting aliens. . .
And just where the hell was his wingman, Sir Richard Burton, while all this was going on?
KFG