Just because you don't know how it happened doesn't mean it was a secret conspiracy. The TPP began life as a deal between Singapore and New Zealand, quickly joined by Malaysia, Brunei and Chile. Next to join the negotiations were Mexico and Canada. Australia and the USA were last to join ( not sure of sequence). We are now more than 10yrs into the process which was set up under confidentiality rules to protect negotiating positions but which allowed conspiracy theories to flourish, especially as negotiations dragged on. The full text is on line so no secrets. If anyone wants to make claims about what it does or doesn't do they should read it or any of the published analyses of the text.
I noticed you left out two other base load options. Geothermal at >95% utilisation (usually 100%) Hydro at 30 - 40% utilisation.
Here in NZ wind is nearer 40% All of these numbers are well known and factored in when the economics of power generation are considered.
In practice Hydro and wind often go well together as a working pair. Our neighbours over the ditch (Australia) have just had their government cut funding for renewables because windfarms are ugly and noisy (in favour of coal).
There is increasing evidence, particularly involving neuroectodermal cell lines that somatic cell genetic variation is usual. This involves genes moving around within the genome. Normal brain development depends on it. It may well represent an essential component of neuroectodermal tissue and organ development. The only cell lines where the germline must be protected at all costs are the germ cells themselves. It makes sense that the origins of our vertebrate adaptive immune system comes from something more general purpose and the evidence for this is emerging.
Exactly. Efficient cooperation is very very hard. Economists say it is impossible. Multicellular life requires it and took 3 billion years to find the trick. The genes that are identified as cancer causing (P53, rb, P16, etc) have vital roles to play in ensuring cellular cooperation. It is reasonable to view cancer cells as cells that are losing the skills of cooperation. Given that our DNA is not closely guarded in our somatic cells (we wouldn't have an immune system if it was) then there will be variation occurring as we grow and as our cells turn over. With selection pressure at the cellular level (abundance of nutrients, oxygen poor intra-cellular environment etc) then this variation makes cancer very likely.
The thing about Science is that it is not that much about finding the truth, it is about building models to do things (like predicting that harmful organisms will become immune to antibiotics because of natural selection) to help mankind. A big part of Science is to challenge the old models to see if they still hold up in new scenarios.
Newton model of physics breaks down at the subatomic level, so it is essentially not "truth". But the model is still used for a myriad of applications and taught in all high schools, because it is useful to mankind.
Ahh a realist, "use whatever theory best suits the circumstance, the truth doesn't matter" An absolutist is always concerned with the truth irrespective of all the associated problems.
An absolutist will always prefer a theory that is perceived to be closer to the "truth", whatever that is. Unfortunately we have no way of knowing if we have succeeded in our efforts (confirmation problem), only that our best theories have either not been dis-proven (possibly true) or are known to be incomplete but lacking a better candidate (gravity). Newtonian mechanics and gravitation is taught at school because it is understandable and a mathematically sound approximation of Einsteinian mechanics and relativity. If learning Newtonian mechanics made comprehension of Einsteinian mechanics more difficult it would have gone the way of epicycles (also a good way of calculating orbits). I work in health care. I am a lonely absolutist in an industry largely composed of realists.
Actually grandparent is right. Our public debt is our government or sovereign debt. This is the debt that the government and all of us collectively are responsible for. This is low. Our private debt is high. This is the debt you and I chose to take on (credit cards, car finance mortgage etc) and are individually responsible for. Fortunately for us this debt does not have as much impact on national credit ratings and perceptions of financial stability.
The design is also trademarked. That's a different kettle of fish. How old is the trademarked shape of the Coke bottle?
Mod parent up. Trademarks and trade dress expire only when you fail to defend them. The term is trademark dilution.
Put a beverage in a waisted bottle and watch CocaCola successfully sue your ass, just like they have done before. It doesn't have to be identical. These things however require active defence. The Swiss Railway must defend their mark. If they allow this then the mark is diluted and they lose ownership. This is not new. Just because "trade dress" is a new concept here (partly due to the inappropriate (in my view) use of the term "patent", does not make it new.
The same rules required Apple to sue to protect their design. I wonder if Samsung actually understand the concept of "trade dress" and it's long (European) well defined legal status (in case law as opposed to statute). I would bet that the CocaCola execs were completely happy with the Samsung Vs Apple verdict.
If you make soda that tastes like Coca-Cola, you don't have any issues. There are many generics today. If you make your cans and bottles look like Coca-Cola or Pepsi ones with similar color, logos, fonts, etc; you are going to get your ass sued. That's the distinction Apple is making and why they didn't sue LG or Motorola or Nokia or RIM for copying design.
In particular the shape of the Coke Bottle is zealously defended. It is instantly recognizable anywhere in the world, with or without label. Any copycat designs are relentlessly pursued worldwide. The only asset CocaCola has is their "Trade Dress". This is what protects their brand identity.
Urine has saved lives. Initially penicillin was so hard to produce doctors resorted to recovering it from the urine of patients and reusing it. Thousands of heart attacks have been prevented by IV administration of purified nun's urine (Urokinase)
Molecules are molecules, the source of many in everyday use would shock you.
New brand name! MiniSec (TM) Hmm maybe Arthur C Clarke beat me to that one.
Seriously, we are just getting to where the stateless personal organizer that everyone carried as described by Arthur C Clarke is just becoming possible. The minisec was an appliance that just did stuff. It was a closed device and locked tightly down as it carried all your personal data.
By the way, there's a similar, cheaper experiment you can do: pop a hole in a pressurized container. The gas cannot escape it (at the outlet) faster than the local speed of sound, which is obtained whenever the ratio of pressure inside to pressure outside exceeds a critical value. One gas dynamics professor said I can think of it like this: "even though a higher pressure ratio creates a greater pressure potential difference, the gas inside the tank cannot 'learn' of the greater difference because that would require information to go *into* the tank, *against* the gas that is escaping at the speed of sound"
Kind of like in the setup described in the article...
This is because at the fundamental level, sound is propagated by particle collisions. The speed of sound (in a gas) is determined by particle velocity which is linked to temperature and particle mass. Sound cannot move faster than the fastest particle (in a gas). Pressure is irrelevant. Sound in liquids and solids is another matter entirely.
Of course it is "like ours". Astronomers are struggling with models of solar system formation which could explain the formation of our solar system. AFIK all extrasolar systems to date are so extreme that the models don't even start to work. This is the first system where the planetary distribution is comparable to ours. Remember the rocky dwarfs in our solar system represent an infinitesimal component of the mass. Don't attach too much significance to the rocks just because we happen to live on one. The science is understanding the formation of planetary systems in which this one is very much like ours. The science (fantasy/fiction) is discovering earth like planets themselves. I would also bet that when we get to finding earth like planets the gas giant distribution should be sol like.
"Receiver pays (half)" is short sighted as it limits the size of the market and maintains high call charges. People who have limited funds will either not buy a phone or turn it off out of concern that they will have to pay for calls that they have not initiated. "Caller pays (all)" means that people will carry a phone as an emergency contact device. Parents give a prepay phone with a couple of dollars on it to the kids as a "phone home" phone. Kids get them for the texting plans. This all means more traffic and more users spread over the same network. This translates to either lower prices in competitive markets or higher profits in monopoly markets.
Just remember the actual marginal cost of the call is minimal. This is an essentially fixed cost business. The smart way to lower costs and prices to users is any strategy that encourages market growth. "Receiver pays" does not do that.
I'll bite ADB, one of Woz's greatest successes, a bus on almost nothing that survived for >10yrs. USB is a functional superset of ADB. NuBus, actually texas instruments baby FireWire, marketing issues and now specialist but by no means a failure
The key to my point was in primitive societies and the high infant mortalities they experience the sleeping with parents can only be a good thing. The risk of a few accidental smotherings is far outweighed by the benefits. This is why our instincts tell us to do this.
However in 1st world 21st century societies most causes of infant mortality have been eliminated. Sleeping with parents is no longer a benefit. We continue to argue this beceause our instincts scream at us telling us that sleeping with our infants is necessary for their well being. As a parent I know this well and even succumbed to it.
The largest SIDS study ever done was in NZ beceause we had the highest rate of SIDS in the western world. Addressing sleeping position and (less successfully) communal sleeping has halved the rate. I was on the periphery of this study (the pathology was central) and this study defined the current understanding of the issue.
Sleeping with your infants is risky. The risk is small but real.
Not true. Sleeping with adults is always associated with a higher risk of SIDS. The above risk factors dramatically increase that risk. I'm a parent and a pathologist and in the last 6 months have done 2 post mortem examinations of infants who died while sleeping with their parents. The literature is also clear on this point. Infants who are sleeping with larger individuals (parents and siblings) are at higher risk. Prehistorically this would not have been the case as sleeping with parents would have given protection from cold, hostile relatives etc. Just watch any natural history programme that details the hazards that the infants of our ape cousins have to contend with. Parental sleeping is the safest for them and would have been for our ancestors. Hence the strength of the instinct and the reluctance of people to accept that this behaviour (in a 1st world society) is risky.
John Cleese (IIRC) brought them in and placed the urn on a small table. Everyone greeted the urn as if Graeme was actually there. At the end there was an orchestrated dispute and the urn got knocked over spilling the ashes. It ended with the pythons scrabbling on the floor attempting to retrieve the "ashes".
My opening three exactly. Only 2001 makes space look BIG. Jupiter is a long long long way away. The Star Wars movies and their space opera ilk make hopping across the galaxy like a flight in a commuter airliner. The amenities are no different! Where do you sleep in the millenium falcon??? Dune should also be in there as it also makes the distances involved to be a major hurdle to the extent that people are sacrificed as "navigators' in order to make real time travel possible. Prior to spice it was all slow boats.
Any list of philosophers with a bearing on science mudt include Popper and Khun. These two guys defined the terms that are being used in this discussion, esp falsifiability
What about "Beceause I can". NetBSD developers put a lot of effort into abstracting the hardware as much as possible. New developments in core code are quickly incorporated into all ports eg UVM. As a consequence the effort required to adopt a new platform is a lot less. How many people today can say that "I ported UNIX to a new hardware platform" With NetBSD you can. There are several ports brought up from nothing to booting into single or multiuser by 1 or 2 people before anyone else gets involved.
Slashdot Mirror
Just because you don't know how it happened doesn't mean it was a secret conspiracy.
The TPP began life as a deal between Singapore and New Zealand, quickly joined by Malaysia, Brunei and Chile. Next to join the negotiations were Mexico and Canada. Australia and the USA were last to join ( not sure of sequence). We are now more than 10yrs into the process which was set up under confidentiality rules to protect negotiating positions but which allowed conspiracy theories to flourish, especially as negotiations dragged on. The full text is on line so no secrets. If anyone wants to make claims about what it does or doesn't do they should read it or any of the published analyses of the text.
I noticed you left out two other base load options.
Geothermal at >95% utilisation (usually 100%)
Hydro at 30 - 40% utilisation.
Here in NZ wind is nearer 40%
All of these numbers are well known and factored in when the economics of power generation are considered.
In practice Hydro and wind often go well together as a working pair.
Our neighbours over the ditch (Australia) have just had their government cut funding for renewables because windfarms are ugly and noisy (in favour of coal).
There is increasing evidence, particularly involving neuroectodermal cell lines that somatic cell genetic variation is usual. This involves genes moving around within the genome. Normal brain development depends on it. It may well represent an essential component of neuroectodermal tissue and organ development.
The only cell lines where the germline must be protected at all costs are the germ cells themselves.
It makes sense that the origins of our vertebrate adaptive immune system comes from something more general purpose and the evidence for this is emerging.
Exactly.
Efficient cooperation is very very hard.
Economists say it is impossible. Multicellular life requires it and took 3 billion years to find the trick.
The genes that are identified as cancer causing (P53, rb, P16, etc) have vital roles to play in ensuring cellular cooperation.
It is reasonable to view cancer cells as cells that are losing the skills of cooperation.
Given that our DNA is not closely guarded in our somatic cells (we wouldn't have an immune system if it was) then there will be variation occurring as we grow and as our cells turn over. With selection pressure at the cellular level (abundance of nutrients, oxygen poor intra-cellular environment etc) then this variation makes cancer very likely.
My personal view as a Pathologist.
The thing about Science is that it is not that much about finding the truth, it is about building models to do things (like predicting that harmful organisms will become immune to antibiotics because of natural selection) to help mankind. A big part of Science is to challenge the old models to see if they still hold up in new scenarios.
Newton model of physics breaks down at the subatomic level, so it is essentially not "truth". But the model is still used for a myriad of applications and taught in all high schools, because it is useful to mankind.
Ahh a realist, "use whatever theory best suits the circumstance, the truth doesn't matter"
An absolutist is always concerned with the truth irrespective of all the associated problems.
An absolutist will always prefer a theory that is perceived to be closer to the "truth", whatever that is. Unfortunately we have no way of knowing if we have succeeded in our efforts (confirmation problem), only that our best theories have either not been dis-proven (possibly true) or are known to be incomplete but lacking a better candidate (gravity).
Newtonian mechanics and gravitation is taught at school because it is understandable and a mathematically sound approximation of Einsteinian mechanics and relativity. If learning Newtonian mechanics made comprehension of Einsteinian mechanics more difficult it would have gone the way of epicycles (also a good way of calculating orbits).
I work in health care. I am a lonely absolutist in an industry largely composed of realists.
Actually grandparent is right. Our public debt is our government or sovereign debt. This is the debt that the government and all of us collectively are responsible for. This is low.
Our private debt is high. This is the debt you and I chose to take on (credit cards, car finance mortgage etc) and are individually responsible for.
Fortunately for us this debt does not have as much impact on national credit ratings and perceptions of financial stability.
The design is also trademarked. That's a different kettle of fish. How old is the trademarked shape of the Coke bottle?
Mod parent up.
Trademarks and trade dress expire only when you fail to defend them. The term is trademark dilution.
Put a beverage in a waisted bottle and watch CocaCola successfully sue your ass, just like they have done before. It doesn't have to be identical.
These things however require active defence. The Swiss Railway must defend their mark. If they allow this then the mark is diluted and they lose ownership.
This is not new. Just because "trade dress" is a new concept here (partly due to the inappropriate (in my view) use of the term "patent", does not make it new.
The same rules required Apple to sue to protect their design.
I wonder if Samsung actually understand the concept of "trade dress" and it's long (European) well defined legal status (in case law as opposed to statute).
I would bet that the CocaCola execs were completely happy with the Samsung Vs Apple verdict.
... It's still Tuesday....
Um, my computer is happily displaying Wed Jan 25 1:52pm (synced to a timeserver).
I just happen to be on the other side of the dateline (NZ)
If you make soda that tastes like Coca-Cola, you don't have any issues. There are many generics today. If you make your cans and bottles look like Coca-Cola or Pepsi ones with similar color, logos, fonts, etc; you are going to get your ass sued. That's the distinction Apple is making and why they didn't sue LG or Motorola or Nokia or RIM for copying design.
In particular the shape of the Coke Bottle is zealously defended. It is instantly recognizable anywhere in the world, with or without label. Any copycat designs are relentlessly pursued worldwide.
The only asset CocaCola has is their "Trade Dress". This is what protects their brand identity.
Urine has saved lives.
Initially penicillin was so hard to produce doctors resorted to recovering it from the urine of patients and reusing it.
Thousands of heart attacks have been prevented by IV administration of purified nun's urine (Urokinase)
Molecules are molecules, the source of many in everyday use would shock you.
They want a secretary.
New brand name! MiniSec (TM)
Hmm maybe Arthur C Clarke beat me to that one.
Seriously, we are just getting to where the stateless personal organizer that everyone carried as described by Arthur C Clarke is just becoming possible. The minisec was an appliance that just did stuff. It was a closed device and locked tightly down as it carried all your personal data.
By the way, there's a similar, cheaper experiment you can do: pop a hole in a pressurized container. The gas cannot escape it (at the outlet) faster than the local speed of sound, which is obtained whenever the ratio of pressure inside to pressure outside exceeds a critical value. One gas dynamics professor said I can think of it like this: "even though a higher pressure ratio creates a greater pressure potential difference, the gas inside the tank cannot 'learn' of the greater difference because that would require information to go *into* the tank, *against* the gas that is escaping at the speed of sound"
Kind of like in the setup described in the article...
This is because at the fundamental level, sound is propagated by particle collisions. The speed of sound (in a gas) is determined by particle velocity which is linked to temperature and particle mass. Sound cannot move faster than the fastest particle (in a gas). Pressure is irrelevant.
Sound in liquids and solids is another matter entirely.
Of course it is "like ours".
Astronomers are struggling with models of solar system formation which could explain the formation of our solar system. AFIK all extrasolar systems to date are so extreme that the models don't even start to work. This is the first system where the planetary distribution is comparable to ours. Remember the rocky dwarfs in our solar system represent an infinitesimal component of the mass. Don't attach too much significance to the rocks just because we happen to live on one.
The science is understanding the formation of planetary systems in which this one is very much like ours.
The science (fantasy/fiction) is discovering earth like planets themselves. I would also bet that when we get to finding earth like planets the gas giant distribution should be sol like.
"Receiver pays (half)" is short sighted as it limits the size of the market and maintains high call charges. People who have limited funds will either not buy a phone or turn it off out of concern that they will have to pay for calls that they have not initiated.
"Caller pays (all)" means that people will carry a phone as an emergency contact device. Parents give a prepay phone with a couple of dollars on it to the kids as a "phone home" phone. Kids get them for the texting plans. This all means more traffic and more users spread over the same network. This translates to either lower prices in competitive markets or higher profits in monopoly markets.
Just remember the actual marginal cost of the call is minimal. This is an essentially fixed cost business. The smart way to lower costs and prices to users is any strategy that encourages market growth. "Receiver pays" does not do that.
I'll bite
ADB, one of Woz's greatest successes, a bus on almost nothing that survived for >10yrs. USB is a functional superset of ADB.
NuBus, actually texas instruments baby
FireWire, marketing issues and now specialist but by no means a failure
The key to my point was in primitive societies and the high infant mortalities they experience the sleeping with parents can only be a good thing. The risk of a few accidental smotherings is far outweighed by the benefits. This is why our instincts tell us to do this.
However in 1st world 21st century societies most causes of infant mortality have been eliminated. Sleeping with parents is no longer a benefit.
We continue to argue this beceause our instincts scream at us telling us that sleeping with our infants is necessary for their well being. As a parent I know this well and even succumbed to it.
The largest SIDS study ever done was in NZ beceause we had the highest rate of SIDS in the western world.
Addressing sleeping position and (less successfully) communal sleeping has halved the rate. I was on the periphery of this study (the pathology was central) and this study defined the current understanding of the issue.
Sleeping with your infants is risky. The risk is small but real.
Not true.
Sleeping with adults is always associated with a higher risk of SIDS.
The above risk factors dramatically increase that risk.
I'm a parent and a pathologist and in the last 6 months have done 2 post mortem examinations of infants who died while sleeping with their parents. The literature is also clear on this point. Infants who are sleeping with larger individuals (parents and siblings) are at higher risk.
Prehistorically this would not have been the case as sleeping with parents would have given protection from cold, hostile relatives etc. Just watch any natural history programme that details the hazards that the infants of our ape cousins have to contend with. Parental sleeping is the safest for them and would have been for our ancestors. Hence the strength of the instinct and the reluctance of people to accept that this behaviour (in a 1st world society) is risky.
John Cleese (IIRC) brought them in and placed the urn on a small table. Everyone greeted the urn as if Graeme was actually there. At the end there was an orchestrated dispute and the urn got knocked over spilling the ashes. It ended with the pythons scrabbling on the floor attempting to retrieve the "ashes".
You're on the wrong side of the dateline.
It's Sunday PM here and I'm still half drunk, but I have to go to work in the morning!
My opening three exactly. Only 2001 makes space look BIG. Jupiter is a long long long way away.
The Star Wars movies and their space opera ilk make hopping across the galaxy like a flight in a commuter airliner. The amenities are no different! Where do you sleep in the millenium falcon???
Dune should also be in there as it also makes the distances involved to be a major hurdle to the extent that people are sacrificed as "navigators' in order to make real time travel possible. Prior to spice it was all slow boats.
Any list of philosophers with a bearing on science mudt include Popper and Khun. These two guys defined the terms that are being used in this discussion, esp falsifiability
Off topic I know...
You probably have dyspraxia (if you don't know already).
What about "Beceause I can". NetBSD developers put a lot of effort into abstracting the hardware as much as possible. New developments in core code are quickly incorporated into all ports eg UVM.
As a consequence the effort required to adopt a new platform is a lot less.
How many people today can say that "I ported UNIX to a new hardware platform" With NetBSD you can.
There are several ports brought up from nothing to booting into single or multiuser by 1 or 2 people before anyone else gets involved.