Twins and clones are not necessarily the same. Mitochondria have their own (small) genome, and mitochondria are inherited soley from your mother (via the egg cell from whence you sprang). So twins will share the same genome and the same mitochondria; clones could have different mitochondria if different host mothers are used.
This difference would normally be insignificant, but there are some diseases that are inherited via the mitochondria.
Stanley Miller and Harold Urey put hydrogen, carbon dioxide, ammonia and methane in a sealed tank. These gasses simulated the atmosphere of early earth. Energy was added via electricity (to simulate lightning). Amino acids formed at the bottom of the apparatus.
Here's an article about it: http://www.the-scientist.library.upenn.edu/yr1997/ mar/research_970331.html
but it seems to me that prior art means squat if the patents aren't challenged in court. And most companies seem leery of the idea of a prolonged court battle and possible losses, so they just cough up their lunch money (cough) licensing fee...
IANAL, but it seems to me what we need is something called, say, the "Free Concept Foundation" that challenges frivilous software patents in court. It's gotta be somebody (a) without much to lose in any particular case (ie not owning or marketing a technology based on an infringing concept) and (b) dedicated soley to the task, sort of like the EFF or the ACLU.
Any deep pockets out there that are interested. Anyone? Anyone? Is that you, Bob Young? ESR, you're going on "So You Want To Be A Millionaire" to raise money for this project? Good for you!
The documentary explained how the Luftwaffen "Red" code was broken because the operators were so convinced of the safety of their enigma encryption that they became lazy in their picking of code letters -- "LON" was followed by "DON", "HIT" by "LER". Seems analagous to the recent crack of the DVD encryption, where misguided trust in the encryption (and the apparent failure to consult anybody with half a brain) lead to lazy key selection.
Yet another example of how human error due to undue faith in a "secure" technology can make any system vunerable.
It's a little known fact that Sony has patented a version of Aibo, to be released this Christmas, that has been genetically modified to glow in the dark...
There's a guy i know at work who's experimented with this kind of stuff. As best as I can understand, the luciferin-emitted light is actually within a wavelength range that causes the GFP to flouress. That way, if you can get the genes to co-express, you don't need any blue light. FWIW, he has some GFP variants that glow yellow, blue, etc. Pretty cool stuff.
It's worth everyone remembering that they haven't actually done this yet. Long way from "GFP glows in dark" to "pine tree glows in dark."
Sort of hard to see how you would test this program's usefulness. If your school doesn't have any mass slayings over the trial period, does that constitute a success? The incidence of violoence in school is alreay pretty damn low; fluctuations are going to be hard to tell from noise.
If the program BSOD's, does that mean the student has to be executed instantly?
Eugenics, the deliberate selection of some people as more "fit", is nothing new. Don't forget that more than half of the states in the union have had laws allowing them to sterilize the "feebleminded." Over 60,000 americans were sterilized involuntarily; these sterilizations continued up to the mid-1970's. And the Buck vs. Bell supreme court decision that upheld the constitutitionality of sterilization has never been overturned.
And don't forget that people have been practicing artificial selection without the aid of a genome map for our entire existance as a species. People attempt to choose the best -- healthy, wealthy, intelligent -- partner to mate with. And on the more morbid side, there are dozens of cultures where female babies (or twins, or babies with birth defects) are killed because they are unwanted. The genome map will accelerate the trend towards eugenics, but it's not like we're moving from a society where no one cares about the fitness of their children to Brave New World.
Being a rabid Stephenson fan, I tracked this book down using inter-library loan a couple of years ago...It's definitely a first novel. It goes nowhere, but goes nowhere in an entertaining way. I actually had a secret suspicion that the author was a different Neal Stephenson, so I asked him point blank at a book signing -- yes, he did write it.
BTW, if you're having trouble tracking it down, and live in Western Mass., Mount Holyoke College library has a copy.
"The complexity of the Linux operating system and cumbersome nature of the existing GUI's would make retraining end-users a huge undertaking and would add significant cost."
By existing GUI's I guess they mean the market leaders BeOS and MacOS...because they can't be suggesting people shouldn't switch because they are already entrenched in the marketplace, can they?
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Twins and clones are not necessarily the same. Mitochondria have their own (small) genome, and mitochondria are inherited soley from your mother (via the egg cell from whence you sprang). So twins will share the same genome and the same mitochondria; clones could have different mitochondria if different host mothers are used.
This difference would normally be insignificant, but there are some diseases that are inherited via the mitochondria.
See bio.perl.org. Article there titled "How Perl Saved The Human Genome Project."
Looks like Compaq has a chip on its shoulder...
Stanley Miller and Harold Urey put hydrogen, carbon dioxide, ammonia and methane in a sealed tank. These gasses simulated the atmosphere of early earth. Energy was added via electricity (to simulate lightning). Amino acids formed at the bottom of the apparatus.
/ mar/research_970331.html
Here's an article about it: http://www.the-scientist.library.upenn.edu/yr1997
This is untrue. Organisms have an entire system of genetically programmed cell death, called "apoptosis."
The extent to which this controls aging is uncertain. But it is more than simply thermodynamics.
but it seems to me that prior art means squat if the patents aren't challenged in court. And most companies seem leery of the idea of a prolonged court battle and possible losses, so they just cough up their lunch money (cough) licensing fee...
IANAL, but it seems to me what we need is something called, say, the "Free Concept Foundation" that challenges frivilous software patents in court. It's gotta be somebody (a) without much to lose in any particular case (ie not owning or marketing a technology based on an infringing concept) and (b) dedicated soley to the task, sort of like the EFF or the ACLU.
Any deep pockets out there that are interested. Anyone? Anyone? Is that you, Bob Young? ESR, you're going on "So You Want To Be A Millionaire" to raise money for this project? Good for you!
The documentary explained how the Luftwaffen "Red" code was broken because the operators were so convinced of the safety of their enigma encryption that they became lazy in their picking of code letters -- "LON" was followed by "DON", "HIT" by "LER". Seems analagous to the recent crack of the DVD encryption, where misguided trust in the encryption (and the apparent failure to consult anybody with half a brain) lead to lazy key selection.
Yet another example of how human error due to undue faith in a "secure" technology can make any system vunerable.
DARWR ERDRD AEWQO EIRDK WERMR
JUSTA NOTHE RPERL HACKE RXXXX
It's a little known fact that Sony has patented a version of Aibo, to be released this Christmas, that has been genetically modified to glow in the dark...
There's a guy i know at work who's experimented with this kind of stuff. As best as I can understand, the luciferin-emitted light is actually within a wavelength range that causes the GFP to flouress. That way, if you can get the genes to co-express, you don't need any blue light. FWIW, he has some GFP variants that glow yellow, blue, etc. Pretty cool stuff.
It's worth everyone remembering that they haven't actually done this yet. Long way from "GFP glows in dark" to "pine tree glows in dark."
Sort of hard to see how you would test this program's usefulness. If your school doesn't have any mass slayings over the trial period, does that constitute a success? The incidence of violoence in school is alreay pretty damn low; fluctuations are going to be hard to tell from noise.
If the program BSOD's, does that mean the student has to be executed instantly?
Eugenics, the deliberate selection of some people as more "fit", is nothing new. Don't forget that more than half of the states in the union have had laws allowing them to sterilize the "feebleminded." Over 60,000 americans were sterilized involuntarily; these sterilizations continued up to the mid-1970's. And the Buck vs. Bell supreme court decision that upheld the constitutitionality of sterilization has never been overturned.
And don't forget that people have been practicing artificial selection without the aid of a genome map for our entire existance as a species. People attempt to choose the best -- healthy, wealthy, intelligent -- partner to mate with. And on the more morbid side, there are dozens of cultures where female babies (or twins, or babies with birth defects) are killed because they are unwanted. The genome map will accelerate the trend towards eugenics, but it's not like we're moving from a society where no one cares about the fitness of their children to Brave New World.
Being a rabid Stephenson fan, I tracked this book down using inter-library loan a couple of years ago...It's definitely a first novel. It goes nowhere, but goes nowhere in an entertaining way. I actually had a secret suspicion that the author was a different Neal Stephenson, so I asked him point blank at a book signing -- yes, he did write it.
BTW, if you're having trouble tracking it down, and live in Western Mass., Mount Holyoke College library has a copy.
I was amused by this tacit admission of monopoly:
"The complexity of the Linux operating system and cumbersome nature of the existing GUI's would make retraining end-users a huge undertaking and would add significant cost."
By existing GUI's I guess they mean the market leaders BeOS and MacOS...because they can't be suggesting people shouldn't switch because they are already entrenched in the marketplace, can they?
perl -e 'eval(pack(q(b*)=>join(q()=>grep{tr/()/01/;} split(//=> q+)()()))(()))())((()(())()()(())(())(())(((((()(( (()(()(())))()(())()))((((((()(((()(()(( )))))()(((((()(()())))((((((()(((())))((()))))(()) ()))((((((()(())(()))())))()((((()()(()) ())()((((())(()((())(()()))()())())))(((()))(()()) )))()(()()(())))()(((((()))(()(()))()(() ())(()))())((()()))(((((()(((((()))()(((())())((() )())()())(((()()(()))(()((()(((()(((())) (()))(()(((())()(((()(()(()((())(()(()()(())))()(( )))(())()()(())())()))((+))));'