I used to work at Ohio State University in the central IT department (provides general services to campus).
There was this guy, who was pretty smart and worked for the residentual halls for a while. He knew too much for his own good because he was constantly battling the director about how she was doing things. (His way was right most of the time.) Eventually, they fired him. However, he left with a lot of good information about how the residentual networks worked (specifically, in this case, he knew the DHCP IP Address ranges for at least his dorm.)
Six months later, on a Friday evening, his dorms network went down. He deduced that there DHCP had stopped handing out IP Addresses. After calling to get the issue addressed, and being ignored, he set up his own DHCP server, restoring service to his entire dorm. He was a hero to his classmates (but I bet it still didn't get him laid... but that's another story)
The director of the residentual internet services through a raging fit and was going to bring him up on charges and have him expelled for conducting a denial of service attack. When the director of security at Ohio State Security saw it for what it was, he patted the kid on the back, said be a good boy and stop fueding with the residential director, and sent him on his marry way. No suspension, no legal charges, no nothing.
Therefore, my suggestion to you is there are a lot of whack-jobs at a University, but there are a lot of reasonable people too. Find the reasonable ones to help you out.
* [obviously using the same password everywhere for years sucks because you'll mistype it somewhere in an IRC channel or the wrong window or in front of someone at SOME point, and then it really should be changed - if it's a strong password, it'll be obvious that it's not just a "wrong window" IM/chat reply]
So you agree that password aging is a good idea. I'm glad we could come togethor on this.
Security is like an onion. On the outside layer, everyone who walks into the office can log onto a computer and do whatever he wants using the publicly posted password. This is a trush system, and although very insecure is the cheapest solution. Peel the layer, and you introduce a private username and password that only those on the inside know. Peel a layer, and everyone gets there own username/password. Peel a layer, and everyone gets there own hard to guess/hard to crack password. Peel a layer, and everyone gets a hard to guess/hard to crack changing every 90 days password.
Also, at each layer you introduce stuff like encryption, good physical security, regular auditing, etc. etc. etc. With each layer, you pay a little more money, at least in administration costs and complexity.
To my point, is changing your password every 90 days going to fix all security problems? No... However, it is a cheaper solution to implement than it is to crack, so it's a no brainer to implement the policy.
But I agree, if you don't do good in other arenas, there is little hope. In a secure environment, regular audits are done. Hopefully, backdoors and open telnet ports are found and fixed. Then when the password is changed or the patch is applied that doesn't allow a cracker to use an exploit to gain the passwd file, you've effectively locked out the cracker.
It's not the end-all be-all security solution, but combined with other security techniques it is affective for a small cost.
Some how, 30 days after you set the password to f$6hq7#, it was compromised. Even though it was a great password, I grabbed the/etc/passwd file and brute forced it, or I sniffed your password when you used telnet instead of ssh, I looked in through a window and a telescope and watched your fingers, I put a keyboard sniffer on your keyboard, I used high-tech equipment to detect the electrical impulses from the key, or I even watched you type it in (after all, it takes a little longer since you are a pecker instead of a typer.) Long story short, I grabbed your password. If you have passwords reset every 90 days, I have only compromised your password for 60 days instead of a year.
The trick is educating your users on how to create good passwords from pass phrases.
ie,
I like to buy expensive high tech toys
becomes
IlTbEhTt
Now, do some number replacements for for Capital letters, you make the rules, but make your own. I will replace capital I's with 1's and Capital E's with 3's in this example.
1lTb3hTt
What we come up with is an easily remembered password because you know the pass phrase and you know the algoryhtm you used to create the password.
(took my last sentence, took the first letter, replaced I's with 1's, E's with 3's, o's with 0's.)
Software to automatically do this stuff is kind of expensive. YOu could roll your own package for pretty cheap, if you force everyone to change their password at the same place. For example, it would be easier to force all of your users to go to http://changepassword.yourorg.net to change their password.
Then, take their new password and set it in each system using perl (I'm sure it either has a library for each system you are talking about or you can drop out to a shell from perl to change passwords via the Unix shell.)
The hard part about using one system to change all passwords, ie, having all passwords set from you Windows Box or from your Unix shell is that without special software, each system does a pretty good job making sure you don't know what the password is by using several schemes to hide and encrypt it (that's important...). By forcing everyone to change it in one place, you avoid having to buy the propietary libraries which notify a central system of a password change.
If that sounds too complex, get ahold of me, and I'll be happy to help more for a small fee or some barter.
As I suspected. The study really sucks. What kind of service levels can you expect at these prices? Doesn't say. If you want a 90% uptime, feel free to use Windows, and I'm sure you can even make it costs less. Also, they missed calculations of money production per IT dollar spent. This is the real business cost. For example, if you can make/save a billion dollars by having 99.99999% uptime doesn't it really matter that an Intel Motherboard is Cheaper than a Sun Motherboard?
This study ignores business cost, and cost of lost opportunity, and compares apples to oranges. Why don't you buy a million dollar Sun Server to sit on your belt to keep track of your appointments? Because who gives a crap if your pocket computer drops a transaction. Sun will costs 1 million dollars, Palm will cost me $89.95 at Wal Mart. Therefore, Palm is the cheapest OS. What a lame comparison this article is...
A webserver is a webserver is a webserver. If it spits out HTML, that's all that really matters. There's no room for feature difference as a web server does pretty much one thing... spit out HTML over TCP/IP
Start getting into application servers, that's another story, but really, there's nothing you can do on Windows/IIS/Activex that cannot be done on Solaris/Iplanet/Java including (Centralized Authentication, Database Access, Server Side Dynamic Code, Client Side Dynamic Code, etc.)
Only difference is it costs 1 admin to maintain 10 NT/IIS webservers and 1 admin to maintain 30 Solaris Servers. Now add scaling onto that where one Solaris Server can hold 2 or 3 times as many processes/applications than an NT box. Also add that it is cheaper to reach 3/4/or even 5 9's with Solaris/Iplanet, and you get these Total Cost of Ownerships.
Finally, I haven't read the artical yet, but am very familiar with webhosting issues, it is imperative to compare level of support. If you are looking for 99% uptime, I bet the numbers between OS's are very similar, and probably Solaris and even Linux looks expensive. However, aim for 99.999% uptime, and you will realize that NT/IIS just isn't capable of reaching that level. To reach 5 9's you almost have to go with a real Unix on real (non-intel) hardware.
To reach 5 9's on an NT environment, you will end up spending between 2 and 10 times more than with Solaris. (That's because after fighting with NT(4.0 and 5.0) for a year, you'll eventually sell the hardware and licenses and build a Solaris environment)
You are looking at it all wrong. All I am saying is that if you are not a God-Believing person, then a meteor falling in smacking Saddam in the head is just a meteor falling. However, if you believe in God, and you say that God created the meteor (that hit Saddam in the forehead), then it is stupid of you to argue that Gravity doesn't exists with the sole basis of your argument being that Gravity is to complicated to exists without God. It isn't, and if you believe in God, it is stupid to argue that. Geesh, people get so emotional about such things as God. You would think it was a life or death matter.
Explain then why Israel refrained from attacking Iraq? It must be the deep loving sentiment Israel has for Iraq and it's people. I'm surprised Israel didn't send Iraq a Statue of liberty or build a pyramid for 'em.
BTW, Egypt example is poor as they are always the first to decent from the rest of the Middle East and side with the United States on issues.
Science can exists without God, or so goes the theory. But it seams illogical to deny Science and promote God. After all, each time said God touches the Earth, some scientist will be sitting there explaining what in God's rule system allowd for the change to take place.
Re:Small job, big job (Re:It's a different world)
on
Honest Job Sites?
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· Score: 1
I don't think much has changed in the long hull though, and what we are experiencing now is part of a continuing employee/employer cycle. It may get worse, but eventually, employees will have the upper hand again. And it will be the same situation it was 2 years ago. Every industry has these up/down trends. Look at nursing for example. In my neck of the woods, hospitals are hungry for nurses. Therefore, they are getting free schooling and high salaries. I wouldn't expect it to last forever though.
Try to increase your bankroll during the up-curve. Hold on to a job during the down-curve. Hey!!! It's like surfing.
The US pays many countries to punish their own people. Although I agree with the American government on this one, they paid the Pakistan Government to support troups in Afghanistan even though the population was against it. In fact, some of the people gone after in Afghanistan were Pakistanis.
The has used money and food to control the entire world from Israel to Taiwan. (example, Israel's restraint during the Gulf War despite public outcry to respond to Scud missile bombings.) United States Manipulation through Money and Food far outweighs its manipulation via threat of Military Fource.
100 years ago (or so), dictionaries didn't even exists. Why should I give a rat's ass that some guy decided to write a dictionary, probably to sell books? I'll spell how I see it, and if you don't understand, ask for clarification.
God is a fast programmer. If you follow Genesys, it takes him 4 caffeine induced late night days to write the alogrythm (night, day, universe, earth and water), 2 days to create the base code(humans and animals), but starting on the 7th day on, he sat back and watched.
God's been sitting back for 5000-5 million years watching his genetic algorithm work, and only had to reboot once . Compare that to the creationism methods of MS that produces systems that have to be rebooted daily, I'd say God's Darwn system works better....
Well, here's the other facter. Set earth time to whatever you want. (Which is at least 5000 years because we have that recordedin Chinese History alone, but probably a lot longer). However, multiply it by the number of life-creatable environments in the Universe (granted it is unknown, but probably a pretty large number considering the number of stars in our galaxy, and the fact they are finding a lot of planets around the ones close to us).
Now, Earth may be the only planet out of millions or billions to spark life. Or it could have been sparked somewhere else and come here via a meteorite transport.
But getting to the point, out of the trillions of failed life sparks when the conditions were correct and the trillions of life paths that completely died, one may have come to create intelligent thinking things. Like in the card example, not seeing all of the failed attempts and knowing the probability of pulling the right card, one assumes there was an intelligent interference. That just doesn't add up for me.
DNA is complex. But the first DNA is not. The theory of evolution explains how the environment shapes complex things. Only the first spark of life is random. Everything after that is guided by the if it's good it will duplicate. If it is not good, it will die.
Finally, the theory of evolution seems to be an attack on God, but in fact it is not. The proof of god is not in the creation nor is it in the physical origin of man. It is in something else not tangeable.
Think about it. Here is God in no physical form, deciding to create earth and animals and people. He creates this earth. Then he creates man from the Earth. To me, that means he created Man from matter, not whatever God and Angels are made from. He created man from that stuff called Earth. Secondly, we know that God created man from his image. But we also know that God didn't have a physical image until the coming of Christ. Then, in Genesis, they must be talking about God created man from his spiritual image. This is true. So basically, God took something made of matter (perhaps an existing animal), and gave it a God-like spirit. He called it Man.
Finally, a) the bible is a spiritual book or even a historical book. b) it is not a scientific manual on how God acted upon matter to make his creations. Therefore, who are we to say that God didn't create a spark of life and use an automatic evolution process to populate the earth with plants and animals and humans, even. When man creates bridges, houses, sky-scrapers, he must touch each thing and put it togethor. Nothing happens without specific thought, planning, and creation. This is a pretty inefficient method. A more perfect one would by like that used by Computer Scientist who write systems to automatically configure themselves using a basic ruleset to eliminate bad paths. We can do this in computers, because it is a logical process. To God, all matter is a logical process and subject to such automation. I call it evolution.
By creators, I meant Microsoft in general. And because Microsoft created the name Windows 95 and they created the definition, even the DOS prompt is Windows 95. The OS under the windowing shell is Windows 95. It happens to be that the windowing shell is also called Windows 95.
It's stories like these that show the common ignorance of evolution theory.
a> Evolution occurs when a gene exists, and defines the makeup of an animal, and the gene leads to the animal 1> dieing before it has a chance to bread 2> being superior to others in its species thus allowing those animals with this gene to bread more than those without it. Evolution occurs when conditions change that favor the subset of the species that has the gene and kills of the those that don't. For example, a gene or combination of genese allows a dog to get bigger and stronger. The temperature gets really really hot and all the big dogs die from overheating and frying their brain. The species has evolved into a smaller species of dog due to outside conditions. If genese hide (bigger dog genes), then evolution isn't a factor.
The beatle example.... Just because an animal is complex doesn't indicate it was designed. Imagine you had a deck of cards with a billion cards in it. One card has the old maid on it. For eternity, you pull cards once per hour. One day, 42,000 years later, after pulling 365 million cards, you pull the old maid. Some guy walks by and says, you must have looked through the deck because it is rare to pull that card. That's like in the beatle story, "that beatle must have been designed, "cause an inhibiter and a dangerous chemical comming to be at the same time is rare." (Remember, the world is 5 million years old and beatles have a short lifetime [guessing a month]). It has had 60000000 tries to mutate random mutations, good and bad. The shorter the lifespan of animal, the quicker you will see mutations. Viruses mutate quickly. Bugs not as fast, but pretty quick. Look at all the species that no longer react to insectiside. Humans, with 100 year lifespans evolve much slower. (Evolution comes as a result of random mutations. Note, most mutations are bad. Sometimes they are good)
I used to work at Ohio State University in the central IT department (provides general services to campus).
There was this guy, who was pretty smart and worked for the residentual halls for a while. He knew too much for his own good because he was constantly battling the director about how she was doing things. (His way was right most of the time.) Eventually, they fired him. However, he left with a lot of good information about how the residentual networks worked (specifically, in this case, he knew the DHCP IP Address ranges for at least his dorm.)
Six months later, on a Friday evening, his dorms network went down. He deduced that there DHCP had stopped handing out IP Addresses. After calling to get the issue addressed, and being ignored, he set up his own DHCP server, restoring service to his entire dorm. He was a hero to his classmates (but I bet it still didn't get him laid... but that's another story)
The director of the residentual internet services through a raging fit and was going to bring him up on charges and have him expelled for conducting a denial of service attack. When the director of security at Ohio State Security saw it for what it was, he patted the kid on the back, said be a good boy and stop fueding with the residential director, and sent him on his marry way. No suspension, no legal charges, no nothing.
Therefore, my suggestion to you is there are a lot of whack-jobs at a University, but there are a lot of reasonable people too. Find the reasonable ones to help you out.
This post is funny. The first post on slashdot is often doomed to failure (usually because they always say, first post!!!!)
TIVO is a first post, the first post is a first post; both are destined fail. Ironic.
* [obviously using the same password everywhere for years sucks because you'll mistype it somewhere in an IRC channel or the wrong window or in front of someone at SOME point, and then it really should be changed - if it's a strong password, it'll be obvious that it's not just a "wrong window" IM/chat reply]
So you agree that password aging is a good idea. I'm glad we could come togethor on this.
Security is like an onion. On the outside layer, everyone who walks into the office can log onto a computer and do whatever he wants using the publicly posted password. This is a trush system, and although very insecure is the cheapest solution. Peel the layer, and you introduce a private username and password that only those on the inside know. Peel a layer, and everyone gets there own username/password. Peel a layer, and everyone gets there own hard to guess/hard to crack password. Peel a layer, and everyone gets a hard to guess/hard to crack changing every 90 days password.
Also, at each layer you introduce stuff like encryption, good physical security, regular auditing, etc. etc. etc. With each layer, you pay a little more money, at least in administration costs and complexity.
To my point, is changing your password every 90 days going to fix all security problems? No... However, it is a cheaper solution to implement than it is to crack, so it's a no brainer to implement the policy.
But I agree, if you don't do good in other arenas, there is little hope. In a secure environment, regular audits are done. Hopefully, backdoors and open telnet ports are found and fixed. Then when the password is changed or the patch is applied that doesn't allow a cracker to use an exploit to gain the passwd file, you've effectively locked out the cracker.
It's not the end-all be-all security solution, but combined with other security techniques it is affective for a small cost.
Some how, 30 days after you set the password to f$6hq7#, it was compromised. Even though it was a great password, I grabbed the /etc/passwd file and brute forced it, or I sniffed your password when you used telnet instead of ssh, I looked in through a window and a telescope and watched your fingers, I put a keyboard sniffer on your keyboard, I used high-tech equipment to detect the electrical impulses from the key, or I even watched you type it in (after all, it takes a little longer since you are a pecker instead of a typer.) Long story short, I grabbed your password. If you have passwords reset every 90 days, I have only compromised your password for 60 days instead of a year.
The trick is educating your users on how to create good passwords from pass phrases. ie, I like to buy expensive high tech toys becomes IlTbEhTt Now, do some number replacements for for Capital letters, you make the rules, but make your own. I will replace capital I's with 1's and Capital E's with 3's in this example. 1lTb3hTt What we come up with is an easily remembered password because you know the pass phrase and you know the algoryhtm you used to create the password. (took my last sentence, took the first letter, replaced I's with 1's, E's with 3's, o's with 0's.)
Software to automatically do this stuff is kind of expensive. YOu could roll your own package for pretty cheap, if you force everyone to change their password at the same place. For example, it would be easier to force all of your users to go to http://changepassword.yourorg.net to change their password.
Then, take their new password and set it in each system using perl (I'm sure it either has a library for each system you are talking about or you can drop out to a shell from perl to change passwords via the Unix shell.)
The hard part about using one system to change all passwords, ie, having all passwords set from you Windows Box or from your Unix shell is that without special software, each system does a pretty good job making sure you don't know what the password is by using several schemes to hide and encrypt it (that's important...). By forcing everyone to change it in one place, you avoid having to buy the propietary libraries which notify a central system of a password change.
If that sounds too complex, get ahold of me, and I'll be happy to help more for a small fee or some barter.
As I suspected. The study really sucks. What kind of service levels can you expect at these prices? Doesn't say. If you want a 90% uptime, feel free to use Windows, and I'm sure you can even make it costs less. Also, they missed calculations of money production per IT dollar spent. This is the real business cost. For example, if you can make/save a billion dollars by having 99.99999% uptime doesn't it really matter that an Intel Motherboard is Cheaper than a Sun Motherboard?
This study ignores business cost, and cost of lost opportunity, and compares apples to oranges. Why don't you buy a million dollar Sun Server to sit on your belt to keep track of your appointments? Because who gives a crap if your pocket computer drops a transaction. Sun will costs 1 million dollars, Palm will cost me $89.95 at Wal Mart. Therefore, Palm is the cheapest OS. What a lame comparison this article is...
HAHAHAHAHAHA LMAO
A webserver is a webserver is a webserver. If it spits out HTML, that's all that really matters. There's no room for feature difference as a web server does pretty much one thing... spit out HTML over TCP/IP
Start getting into application servers, that's another story, but really, there's nothing you can do on Windows/IIS/Activex that cannot be done on Solaris/Iplanet/Java including (Centralized Authentication, Database Access, Server Side Dynamic Code, Client Side Dynamic Code, etc.)
Only difference is it costs 1 admin to maintain 10 NT/IIS webservers and 1 admin to maintain 30 Solaris Servers. Now add scaling onto that where one Solaris Server can hold 2 or 3 times as many processes/applications than an NT box. Also add that it is cheaper to reach 3/4/or even 5 9's with Solaris/Iplanet, and you get these Total Cost of Ownerships.
Finally, I haven't read the artical yet, but am very familiar with webhosting issues, it is imperative to compare level of support. If you are looking for 99% uptime, I bet the numbers between OS's are very similar, and probably Solaris and even Linux looks expensive. However, aim for 99.999% uptime, and you will realize that NT/IIS just isn't capable of reaching that level. To reach 5 9's you almost have to go with a real Unix on real (non-intel) hardware.
To reach 5 9's on an NT environment, you will end up spending between 2 and 10 times more than with Solaris. (That's because after fighting with NT(4.0 and 5.0) for a year, you'll eventually sell the hardware and licenses and build a Solaris environment)
I can think of two examples, MCI Worldcom Exec. and Car Sales Man.
Funny! Only if I had a MP.
You are looking at it all wrong. All I am saying is that if you are not a God-Believing person, then a meteor falling in smacking Saddam in the head is just a meteor falling. However, if you believe in God, and you say that God created the meteor (that hit Saddam in the forehead), then it is stupid of you to argue that Gravity doesn't exists with the sole basis of your argument being that Gravity is to complicated to exists without God. It isn't, and if you believe in God, it is stupid to argue that. Geesh, people get so emotional about such things as God. You would think it was a life or death matter.
Explain then why Israel refrained from attacking Iraq? It must be the deep loving sentiment Israel has for Iraq and it's people. I'm surprised Israel didn't send Iraq a Statue of liberty or build a pyramid for 'em.
BTW, Egypt example is poor as they are always the first to decent from the rest of the Middle East and side with the United States on issues.
Science can exists without God, or so goes the theory. But it seams illogical to deny Science and promote God. After all, each time said God touches the Earth, some scientist will be sitting there explaining what in God's rule system allowd for the change to take place.
I don't think much has changed in the long hull though, and what we are experiencing now is part of a continuing employee/employer cycle. It may get worse, but eventually, employees will have the upper hand again. And it will be the same situation it was 2 years ago. Every industry has these up/down trends. Look at nursing for example. In my neck of the woods, hospitals are hungry for nurses. Therefore, they are getting free schooling and high salaries. I wouldn't expect it to last forever though.
Try to increase your bankroll during the up-curve. Hold on to a job during the down-curve. Hey!!! It's like surfing.
This is a joke right?
The US pays many countries to punish their own people. Although I agree with the American government on this one, they paid the Pakistan Government to support troups in Afghanistan even though the population was against it. In fact, some of the people gone after in Afghanistan were Pakistanis.
The has used money and food to control the entire world from Israel to Taiwan. (example, Israel's restraint during the Gulf War despite public outcry to respond to Scud missile bombings.) United States Manipulation through Money and Food far outweighs its manipulation via threat of Military Fource.
100 years ago (or so), dictionaries didn't even exists. Why should I give a rat's ass that some guy decided to write a dictionary, probably to sell books? I'll spell how I see it, and if you don't understand, ask for clarification.
PS, slowly remove that carrot out of your ass.
yahoo.com. If they turned off pings, I wouldn't know how to troubleshoot a network any more.
God's reboot = great flood.
God is a fast programmer. If you follow Genesys, it takes him 4 caffeine induced late night days to write the alogrythm (night, day, universe, earth and water), 2 days to create the base code(humans and animals), but starting on the 7th day on, he sat back and watched.
God's been sitting back for 5000-5 million years watching his genetic algorithm work, and only had to reboot once . Compare that to the creationism methods of MS that produces systems that have to be rebooted daily, I'd say God's Darwn system works better....
Well, here's the other facter. Set earth time to whatever you want. (Which is at least 5000 years because we have that recordedin Chinese History alone, but probably a lot longer). However, multiply it by the number of life-creatable environments in the Universe (granted it is unknown, but probably a pretty large number considering the number of stars in our galaxy, and the fact they are finding a lot of planets around the ones close to us).
Now, Earth may be the only planet out of millions or billions to spark life. Or it could have been sparked somewhere else and come here via a meteorite transport.
But getting to the point, out of the trillions of failed life sparks when the conditions were correct and the trillions of life paths that completely died, one may have come to create intelligent thinking things. Like in the card example, not seeing all of the failed attempts and knowing the probability of pulling the right card, one assumes there was an intelligent interference. That just doesn't add up for me.
DNA is complex. But the first DNA is not. The theory of evolution explains how the environment shapes complex things. Only the first spark of life is random. Everything after that is guided by the if it's good it will duplicate. If it is not good, it will die.
Finally, the theory of evolution seems to be an attack on God, but in fact it is not. The proof of god is not in the creation nor is it in the physical origin of man. It is in something else not tangeable.
Think about it. Here is God in no physical form, deciding to create earth and animals and people. He creates this earth. Then he creates man from the Earth. To me, that means he created Man from matter, not whatever God and Angels are made from. He created man from that stuff called Earth. Secondly, we know that God created man from his image. But we also know that God didn't have a physical image until the coming of Christ. Then, in Genesis, they must be talking about God created man from his spiritual image. This is true. So basically, God took something made of matter (perhaps an existing animal), and gave it a God-like spirit. He called it Man.
Finally, a) the bible is a spiritual book or even a historical book. b) it is not a scientific manual on how God acted upon matter to make his creations. Therefore, who are we to say that God didn't create a spark of life and use an automatic evolution process to populate the earth with plants and animals and humans, even. When man creates bridges, houses, sky-scrapers, he must touch each thing and put it togethor. Nothing happens without specific thought, planning, and creation. This is a pretty inefficient method. A more perfect one would by like that used by Computer Scientist who write systems to automatically configure themselves using a basic ruleset to eliminate bad paths. We can do this in computers, because it is a logical process. To God, all matter is a logical process and subject to such automation. I call it evolution.
By creators, I meant Microsoft in general. And because Microsoft created the name Windows 95 and they created the definition, even the DOS prompt is Windows 95. The OS under the windowing shell is Windows 95. It happens to be that the windowing shell is also called Windows 95.
exactly
However, because software tittles are defined by their creator, MS gave Windows95 as the title to DOS 7.0.
It's stories like these that show the common ignorance of evolution theory.
a> Evolution occurs when a gene exists, and defines the makeup of an animal, and the gene leads to the animal 1> dieing before it has a chance to bread 2> being superior to others in its species thus allowing those animals with this gene to bread more than those without it. Evolution occurs when conditions change that favor the subset of the species that has the gene and kills of the those that don't. For example, a gene or combination of genese allows a dog to get bigger and stronger. The temperature gets really really hot and all the big dogs die from overheating and frying their brain. The species has evolved into a smaller species of dog due to outside conditions. If genese hide (bigger dog genes), then evolution isn't a factor.
The beatle example.... Just because an animal is complex doesn't indicate it was designed. Imagine you had a deck of cards with a billion cards in it. One card has the old maid on it. For eternity, you pull cards once per hour. One day, 42,000 years later, after pulling 365 million cards, you pull the old maid. Some guy walks by and says, you must have looked through the deck because it is rare to pull that card. That's like in the beatle story, "that beatle must have been designed, "cause an inhibiter and a dangerous chemical comming to be at the same time is rare." (Remember, the world is 5 million years old and beatles have a short lifetime [guessing a month]). It has had 60000000 tries to mutate random mutations, good and bad. The shorter the lifespan of animal, the quicker you will see mutations. Viruses mutate quickly. Bugs not as fast, but pretty quick. Look at all the species that no longer react to insectiside. Humans, with 100 year lifespans evolve much slower. (Evolution comes as a result of random mutations. Note, most mutations are bad. Sometimes they are good)