Thank you. Now, to explain why you chose those numbers.
Tc is the temperature at which 'waste' heat is rejected to the environment. It obviously can't be less than that of the surroundings, and for a practical size of heat exchanger it'll be above this - for instance in a car it is more like 330 K - that's your bottom hose temperature.
Th is a bit of a fudge. The maximum temperature is limited by metallurgy - basically your pistons melt and the valves soften and fall apart.
The technological metallurgy limit is a bit higher than 900K, but the IC engine's heat transfer does not occur at one temperature, it is more of a pulse, and you've used an average Th, in effect.
No, you were plausible sounding but completely wrong. Therefore you are more dangerous than the usual trolling fool we get around here, therefore you need extra doses of abuse.
Sorry and all that, but jumping on misleading posters is a necessary form of interaction in this environment (ie one where the vast majority of the audience and the mods is operating way outside their level of expertise, and where re-editing of posts is not possible).
So, consider your head jumped on.
Squelchy squelchy squelch.
Specicifically, almost all of the fuel in a modern iC engine is burned, except when we deliberately over-richen the mixture to cool the combustion at some operating conditions.
If you don't believe me check the composition of the feed gas to the cats. How much HC is there? CO? compared with CO2?
Adding hydrogen to an IC engine to improve the combustion process is a well known technique. Refer to any number of papers by Dr Harry Watson and his PhDs.
Whether you come out ahead on the energy balance depends on how much more efficient the reaction is, compared with the inefficiency in the electrical/electrolysis side, which I admit is unlikely to exceed 30%.
The point is that the hydrogen is somewhat acting as a catalyst, or reaction improver, not just as extra fuel.
By the way, I agree with your scepticism, but that argument is not the killer.
That 35% (note) number in the article is the first error I noticed. He contrasts the thermodynamic efficiency of an engine, which he claims is a (highish) 35% with 97% of the fuel being burned using this gizmo. Those are not measuring the same thing. Almost all of the fuel in a modern car is burnt, the problem is that the resulting heat is not (and Car not) be turned 100% into work, practically.
"How about when you have to give a presentation and the virus infested OS does porn pop-ups over your slideshow? "
The organisation that employs me uses Windows for almost all of its desktop machines. They are all connected to the internet. I would say on an average day I see or use at least 5 different PCs. Never, in 7 years, have I seen a porn pop-up. Never.
I disagree. Driving a car on the freeway you are about 2-10 seconds from a nasty end, almost continuously. Aircraft have minutes to manouevere, and are in well separated corridors, in theory, most of the time.
For that matter even landing can't be all that hard. As I remember the British had a reasonable system for auto landing in fog in the early sixties.
Whereas nobody has demonstrated a real robot driving in traffic, so far as I know.
Are you aware that for a large profitable airline the cost of fuel represents only 19% of their operating costs?
So if the price of oil goues up to 400 bucks a barrel, the price of tickets should double.
Since a large percentage of people who fly are doing so for convenience, they will have to make a rational cost benefit decision. If I fly to the UK for 3 weeks my hotel bill will still be a far more important cost than the price of the ticket. (about $2500 at the moment).
I think $400 oil would have much more significant effects than a 30% increase in the cost of my holiday.
"But as soon as you go into a management position where you direct the development or usage of technology, you are supposed to know technology. Because otherwise, you will be unable to make well-informed decisions and be useless as a manager."
I disagree. A competent manager in that situation will delegate the decision making down to his team, if his team are the experts. He will then listen to what they have to say, and translate it into "organization speak", so as to get it approved.
I have had many managers over the last 25 years, the last one who could do my job in any effective manner would have been 20 years ago, and the last one who taught me/anything/ technical was 10 years ago.
A manager's job is to provide me the resources and the workflow, not to teach me how to do my job. If a technical problem comes up that I can't solve I approach my peers around the world, not the management tree.
The profit margin on truck based SUVs is huge. You, the consumer are willing to pay way over the odds for something that uses 1970's technology and a modern body. Quite why YOU are so happy to do this is a mystery to me, but, given that YOU want to pay me to do it, I am happy to oblige, since the profit margins n the rest of the range are pretty lousy. Incidentally did you know that Toyota claim a return on sales of 1% in Australia? It's not just the big 3 who find it hard to make money.
Only if you value your time at zero. Which is probably the case.
To be honest if an OS saves me an hour at install time, that's worth sixty bucks to me. If an OS is stable and doesn't need re-installing every year, that's sixty bucks every time.
That's why I stick with NT 4. It just works, on my system. OS weenies will tell me that it can't do this and it won't do that. True.
However. It will run my applications (bye bye *n*x). It doesn't fall over (bye bye W98). It doesn't need re-installing.
Well, sure. Are you saying that Macs or Linuxes are immune (or at least quantifiably less susceptible) to crashes caused by writing code that interfaces with hardware?
My limited experience with Linux is that it is very stable when used to run normal user stuff.
My experience with Macs, on systems 7.* and 8 admittedly, is that they used to crash or lockup or bomb about as much as Windows from the same era.
My experience with HP Unix is that it is the most likely of the modern operating systems I use to lock up (need a reboot) - but that may be crap hardware.
I really liked his attempt at analysis, and particularly liked his attempt to split out the higher quality coders.
I used to run the mechanical engineering section for a small project. We used a lot of contract CAD guys. A good CAD guy was about 4 times more productive than an average one, and would cost 0-30% more, per hour.
With engineers my experience is that the best engineers are roughly 4-10 times faster and more accurate than the average guy, and the bad ones have a negative effect on productivity.
War story: two of us redesigned a system and saved 200 bucks per unit. We make 100 000 units per year. So that's $20 million a year.
Somebody redesigned one of my parts, saving $0.30 per unit. We had to recall several tens of thousands of units because the new design was unsafe. Total cost in excess of 10 million dollars.
I have seen parts with identical functionality. One was designed by an idiot and cost twenty bucks. The other was designed by a competent engineer. $3
Slashdot Mirror
Yes. It does have an application even for 4 strokes, as the addition of hydrogen affects the efficiency of the combustion process.
n .html
Check http://www.mame.mu.oz.au/people/staff/harry_watso
That's a motionless electric generator. I guess those naughty oil companies missed that one.
Thank you. Now, to explain why you chose those numbers.
Tc is the temperature at which 'waste' heat is rejected to the environment. It obviously can't be less than that of the surroundings, and for a practical size of heat exchanger it'll be above this - for instance in a car it is more like 330 K - that's your bottom hose temperature.
Th is a bit of a fudge. The maximum temperature is limited by metallurgy - basically your pistons melt and the valves soften and fall apart.
The technological metallurgy limit is a bit higher than 900K, but the IC engine's heat transfer does not occur at one temperature, it is more of a pulse, and you've used an average Th, in effect.
No, you were plausible sounding but completely wrong. Therefore you are more dangerous than the usual trolling fool we get around here, therefore you need extra doses of abuse.
Sorry and all that, but jumping on misleading posters is a necessary form of interaction in this environment (ie one where the vast majority of the audience and the mods is operating way outside their level of expertise, and where re-editing of posts is not possible).
So, consider your head jumped on.
Squelchy squelchy squelch.
Specicifically, almost all of the fuel in a modern iC engine is burned, except when we deliberately over-richen the mixture to cool the combustion at some operating conditions.
If you don't believe me check the composition of the feed gas to the cats. How much HC is there? CO? compared with CO2?
Adding hydrogen to an IC engine to improve the combustion process is a well known technique. Refer to any number of papers by Dr Harry Watson and his PhDs.
Whether you come out ahead on the energy balance depends on how much more efficient the reaction is, compared with the inefficiency in the electrical/electrolysis side, which I admit is unlikely to exceed 30%.
The point is that the hydrogen is somewhat acting as a catalyst, or reaction improver, not just as extra fuel.
By the way, I agree with your scepticism, but that argument is not the killer.
That 35% (note) number in the article is the first error I noticed. He contrasts the thermodynamic efficiency of an engine, which he claims is a (highish) 35% with 97% of the fuel being burned using this gizmo. Those are not measuring the same thing. Almost all of the fuel in a modern car is burnt, the problem is that the resulting heat is not (and Car not) be turned 100% into work, practically.
"How about when you have to give a presentation and the virus infested OS does porn pop-ups over your slideshow? "
The organisation that employs me uses Windows for almost all of its desktop machines. They are all connected to the internet. I would say on an average day I see or use at least 5 different PCs. Never, in 7 years, have I seen a porn pop-up. Never.
Nice theory but it's been raining off and on all week right across western Victoria, where Warnambool is.
OK, thanks. That is much more reasonable.
How much did the OSX releases cost? (Genuine question) At a guess you've spent $800 on your operating system.
While that isn't the end of the world, it ain't peanuts either.
I disagree. Driving a car on the freeway you are about 2-10 seconds from a nasty end, almost continuously. Aircraft have minutes to manouevere, and are in well separated corridors, in theory, most of the time.
For that matter even landing can't be all that hard. As I remember the British had a reasonable system for auto landing in fog in the early sixties.
Whereas nobody has demonstrated a real robot driving in traffic, so far as I know.
QANTAS
I get the annual report
Kuwait, also make a decent profit, they are 21%
Crimson Editor
There are two programs that I make dance. One is (on topic) Excel (which takes hours). The other is Cedt. Just fantastic.
Are you aware that for a large profitable airline the cost of fuel represents only 19% of their operating costs?
So if the price of oil goues up to 400 bucks a barrel, the price of tickets should double.
Since a large percentage of people who fly are doing so for convenience, they will have to make a rational cost benefit decision. If I fly to the UK for 3 weeks my hotel bill will still be a far more important cost than the price of the ticket. (about $2500 at the moment).
I think $400 oil would have much more significant effects than a 30% increase in the cost of my holiday.
"But as soon as you go into a management position where you direct the development or usage of technology, you are supposed to know technology. Because otherwise, you will be unable to make well-informed decisions and be useless as a manager."
/anything/ technical was 10 years ago.
I disagree. A competent manager in that situation will delegate the decision making down to his team, if his team are the experts. He will then listen to what they have to say, and translate it into "organization speak", so as to get it approved.
I have had many managers over the last 25 years, the last one who could do my job in any effective manner would have been 20 years ago, and the last one who taught me
A manager's job is to provide me the resources and the workflow, not to teach me how to do my job. If a technical problem comes up that I can't solve I approach my peers around the world, not the management tree.
"Still as junky as the SUVs that you sell?"
Yup, still as junky as the SUVs YOU buy.
The profit margin on truck based SUVs is huge. You, the consumer are willing to pay way over the odds for something that uses 1970's technology and a modern body. Quite why YOU are so happy to do this is a mystery to me, but, given that YOU want to pay me to do it, I am happy to oblige, since the profit margins n the rest of the range are pretty lousy. Incidentally did you know that Toyota claim a return on sales of 1% in Australia? It's not just the big 3 who find it hard to make money.
Car makers are price takers, not price makers.
Only if you value your time at zero. Which is probably the case.
To be honest if an OS saves me an hour at install time, that's worth sixty bucks to me. If an OS is stable and doesn't need re-installing every year, that's sixty bucks every time.
That's why I stick with NT 4. It just works, on my system. OS weenies will tell me that it can't do this and it won't do that. True.
However. It will run my applications (bye bye *n*x). It doesn't fall over (bye bye W98). It doesn't need re-installing.
Thermodynamic efficiency of the Prius engine maxes out at 37%, and is above 30% for its entire operating range.
What's the overall efficiency of electricity delivered from coal at the power station to the wall socket? Ain't 30%.
Well, sure. Are you saying that Macs or Linuxes are immune (or at least quantifiably less susceptible) to crashes caused by writing code that interfaces with hardware?
My limited experience with Linux is that it is very stable when used to run normal user stuff.
My experience with Macs, on systems 7.* and 8 admittedly, is that they used to crash or lockup or bomb about as much as Windows from the same era.
My experience with HP Unix is that it is the most likely of the modern operating systems I use to lock up (need a reboot) - but that may be crap hardware.
NEVER seen one in three years of daily use at work.
I run NT4 at home. I'm sure I have seen a blue screen, but not for about a year.
would those be fingernails?
I really liked his attempt at analysis, and particularly liked his attempt to split out the higher quality coders.
I used to run the mechanical engineering section for a small project. We used a lot of contract CAD guys. A good CAD guy was about 4 times more productive than an average one, and would cost 0-30% more, per hour.
With engineers my experience is that the best engineers are roughly 4-10 times faster and more accurate than the average guy, and the bad ones have a negative effect on productivity.
War story: two of us redesigned a system and saved 200 bucks per unit. We make 100 000 units per year. So that's $20 million a year.
Somebody redesigned one of my parts, saving $0.30 per unit. We had to recall several tens of thousands of units because the new design was unsafe. Total cost in excess of 10 million dollars.
I have seen parts with identical functionality. One was designed by an idiot and cost twenty bucks. The other was designed by a competent engineer. $3
" Ive never met a single Windows user whos computer wasn't plagued with tons of spy/malware"
Well, now you have. Me.
"My Windows box? Let's just say the it would probably be easier to count the weeks in which it didnt lock up/crash."
Why did you build an unstable system? My work PC has had maybe 2 or 3 crashes in three years. My home PC, maybe twice as many.
My argument is rather more straightforward. It has already been done and is commercially available.
If you would like to discuss commercial terms try Air International, Melbourne, Australia
If you think it is a stupid idea as implemented, you are right. But the basic concept (solid state HVAC) makes sense.
5%? I pay 0.3% for large transactions