Experiments have been performed in microgravity for many years now. Some methods: * Drop towers, giving you a few seconds of microgravity * Parabolic flights, a.ka. vomet comet. About 20 s of microgravity IIRC. * Sounding rockets, i.e. sub-orbital. Duration depends on rocket motor. For example: ** The REXUS program for students use Nike-Improved Orion, gives you 2-3 min. ** The MASER program for scientists use VSB-30, gives you 6-8 min (250-320 km) ** The MAXUS program use Castor 4B, gives you 12-14 min (>700 km) * Satellite or ISS. Gives you a long time of microgravity
As for experiments, have a look here: http://ssc.se/microgravity-payloads-2.aspx You will find links to various experiments. A biological experiemnt could be about the behaviour of blood cells or frog eggs in microgravity. A metallurgical experiment could be how metal behaves as it solidifies in microgravity. Or a fluid experiment, to see how fluids behave in microgravity, e.g. boiling and Marconi bubbles./C (Note: I work for the Swedish Space Corporation, my department builds experiment payloads for microgravity).
PS. If you are a student, have a look at the REXUS program. http://ssc.se/?id=5863 . It is _way_ cool to get to build something that flies in space.
I searched for a better article and found one (in Swedish) http://www.dn.se/kultur-noje/nyheter/fallande-dom-i-unikt-upphovsrattsfall-1.1205941
The article indicates the court did consider various sophisticated legal and technical arguments. As for expert opinions, one professor in "civil rights" (sv: civilrätt) expected a conviction, and a professor in intellectual property rights expected the defendendant to go free.
So the law is apparently a bit unclear in this area. In the end of the article it says it is not clear if the defendendant will appeal, although a laywer with a background in the area says he was suprised by the court's decision, with the caveat that he hasn't read the actual decision/motivation yet./C
The defendendant was fined 70 "dagsböter" of 50 SEK each, i.e. about 350 EUR. In addition, he is to pay damages of about 1100 EUR to Canal Plus.
The word "robot" was coined by a Czech playwriter (Capek?) meaning worker. AFAIK, robot does *not* imply autonomous. Just take a typical pick-and-place robot (e.g. the ABB Piccos) - it does its job without needing direct human oversight, but I'd never call it autonomous...
Is a Piccos remote controlled? Depends on how you look at it. Besides the emergency stop, there is often a way to activate/disable the robot's program remotely...
I did my Phd on walking robots... sometimes we controlled it (steered) using a joystick. Was it only a robot when we *didn't* use the joystick?
A robot is just a machine - some people think a proper industrial robot should have at least six degrees of freedom or it doesn't count as a robot. As for manipulator v.s. robot, that distinction is fuzzy AFAIK.
PS. I've worked with robot control systems since -89 and did my PhD on walking robots in the Centre for Autonomous Systems, so I hope I know this stuff...
The uplink and the downlink are typically at quite different frequencies, say 11 GHz v.s. 14 GHz. so knowing the frequency of the downlink doesn't really help you...
yes, I'm work with civilian satellite communications although I'm not an RF expert.
I know for certain that not all japanese bipeds use static stability. Bipeds from Honda and Sony (and most of them IMHO) use something called zero moment point (ZMP). The japanese biped robot WL-10RD used this as early as in 1984. Here's a reference I just found:
ZERO-MOMENT POINT THIRTY FIVE YEARS OF ITS LIFE by Vukobratovic and Borovac.
Should be good since Vukobratovic introduced the concept in the 70s.
PS. I did my PhD thesis on control and balance of legged locomotion.
Slashdot Mirror
Experiments have been performed in microgravity for many years now.
Some methods:
* Drop towers, giving you a few seconds of microgravity
* Parabolic flights, a.ka. vomet comet. About 20 s of microgravity IIRC.
* Sounding rockets, i.e. sub-orbital. Duration depends on rocket motor. For example:
** The REXUS program for students use Nike-Improved Orion, gives you 2-3 min.
** The MASER program for scientists use VSB-30, gives you 6-8 min (250-320 km)
** The MAXUS program use Castor 4B, gives you 12-14 min (>700 km)
* Satellite or ISS. Gives you a long time of microgravity
As for experiments, have a look here: http://ssc.se/microgravity-payloads-2.aspx You will find links to various experiments. A biological experiemnt could be about the behaviour of blood cells or frog eggs in microgravity. A metallurgical experiment could be how metal behaves as it solidifies in microgravity. Or a fluid experiment, to see how fluids behave in microgravity, e.g. boiling and Marconi bubbles. /C (Note: I work for the Swedish Space Corporation, my department builds experiment payloads for microgravity).
PS. If you are a student, have a look at the REXUS program. http://ssc.se/?id=5863 . It is _way_ cool to get to build something that flies in space.
I searched for a better article and found one (in Swedish) http://www.dn.se/kultur-noje/nyheter/fallande-dom-i-unikt-upphovsrattsfall-1.1205941 The article indicates the court did consider various sophisticated legal and technical arguments. As for expert opinions, one professor in "civil rights" (sv: civilrätt) expected a conviction, and a professor in intellectual property rights expected the defendendant to go free. So the law is apparently a bit unclear in this area. In the end of the article it says it is not clear if the defendendant will appeal, although a laywer with a background in the area says he was suprised by the court's decision, with the caveat that he hasn't read the actual decision/motivation yet. /C
The defendendant was fined 70 "dagsböter" of 50 SEK each, i.e. about 350 EUR. In addition, he is to pay damages of about 1100 EUR to Canal Plus.
If you're a UK citizen you don't need a visa. Sweden is a member of the EU.
The word "robot" was coined by a Czech playwriter (Capek?) meaning worker. AFAIK, robot does *not* imply autonomous. Just take a typical pick-and-place robot (e.g. the ABB Piccos) - it does its job without needing direct human oversight, but I'd never call it autonomous...
Is a Piccos remote controlled? Depends on how you look at it. Besides the emergency stop, there is often a way to activate/disable the robot's program remotely...
I did my Phd on walking robots... sometimes we controlled it (steered) using a joystick. Was it only a robot when we *didn't* use the joystick?
A robot is just a machine - some people think a proper industrial robot should have at least six degrees of freedom or it doesn't count as a robot. As for manipulator v.s. robot, that distinction is fuzzy AFAIK.
PS. I've worked with robot control systems since -89 and did my PhD on walking robots in the Centre for Autonomous Systems, so I hope I know this stuff...
The uplink and the downlink are typically at quite different frequencies, say 11 GHz v.s. 14 GHz. so knowing the frequency of the downlink doesn't really help you... yes, I'm work with civilian satellite communications although I'm not an RF expert.
I know for certain that not all japanese bipeds use static stability. Bipeds from Honda and Sony (and most of them IMHO) use something called zero moment point (ZMP). The japanese biped robot WL-10RD used this as early as in 1984. Here's a reference I just found: ZERO-MOMENT POINT THIRTY FIVE YEARS OF ITS LIFE by Vukobratovic and Borovac. Should be good since Vukobratovic introduced the concept in the 70s. PS. I did my PhD thesis on control and balance of legged locomotion.