If you really want to do it and do it right, look to the Military Ruggedized COTS market.
You can get a ruggedized VME chassis, conduction cooled, 6U (same U's as rackmount, but it is a 6U long blade that is about 0.8 inch wide). No need for spray cool or oil (both very unreliable without regular maintenance, and even then, not good). Check Elma, GE Fanuc, Curtiss-Wright, etc. What you are describing, with everything but the cost, is a military rugged server.
Good luck with the budget. You need to add two 0's.
Good start, but your truth table is incomplete. You have removed the non-sensical rows in which Monty opens the door showing the car and you either switch or don't switch. It would seem that this doesn't matter, but it is skewing the results of your truth table because every line of a truth table is equally weighted. A truth table represents all possible inputs and then displays all logical (but not neccessarily "sensical") outputs based on some application of an operation.
Here is an example. Assume we have a random number generator, 0 though 7. What is the probability of any of the outcomes? 1/8. There are 8 rows to the truth table, which results all possible numbers generated in our system.
000
001
010
011
100
101
110
111
What is the probability of an even number? 4/8 = 1/2. What is the probability of an odd number? 4/8 = 1/2. So far, so good.
Now, let's apply a rule that says that any time the system generates an even number (include 0), we add 1 to make it odd (formally, the operation is outcome=input|0x001). The probability of the outcome of any given even number is now 0/8 and an odd number is now 2/8 = 1/4. The truth table still has 8 lines, but because of the rule applied to the initial uniform distribution of inputs, we no longer have a uniform distribution for the outcomes.
Note that I show the non-trivial application of the operation as ->
The initial uniform distribution has been altered (weighted) in favor of a new distribution by modifying certain random input to become an different outcome.
If one were to reduce the truth table by not showing the altered line, the truth table would be:
001 = Odd
011 = Odd
101 = Odd
111 = Odd
which clearly does not show all the initially generated values, but still gives an accurate probability due to the uniform application of an essentially linear altering / weighting operation.
Now, to match this up with the Monty Hall Problem more closely, change the modification rule to only add 1 to even numbers greater than or equal to 4 (if(input>=0x04) then outcome=input|0x01). This operation is applied uniformly, but the operation itself has a non-linearity in it (only greater than or equal to 4). Here is the new truth table showing the non-uniform distribution of outcomes based on a uniform distribution of inputs when a non-linear operator is applied:
Now, the probability of getting an even number is 2/8 = 1/4 and the probability of getting an odd number is 6/8 = 3/4, despite the initial uniform distribution. If the truth table is reduced simply to outcomes by collapsing input rows affected by the non-linear operation into input rows with the same output, then a deceptive truth table, similar to the one in the above post, is created:
000 = Even
001 = Odd
010 = Even
011 = Odd
101 = Odd
111 = Odd
In this case, it appears that the probability of there being an odd number is simply 4/6 = 2/3 and even is 2/6 = 1/3, which is incorrect, since our number generator was uniform, and the rule altered the 2 out of 8 of the initial numbers to become something else. The new truth table is no longer uniform in distribution because it is no longer representing all input rows.
In the truth table in the above post, only 8 outcomes are shown from an actual truth table of 12 outcomes (using only CGG, but similar for other permutations). 4 input rows have been eliminated, thus the error.
The actual truth table is (N=NO, Y=YES for the switch column):
Check out the Project Management Institute (PMI) and start working towards getting your Project Management Professional (PMP) designation. It will be worth salary dollars, too, and will help you move elsewhere when you have to. Also, read Drucker (anything written by or his stuff collected, like the "Daily Drucker" or "Essential Drucker").
The One Minute Manager book is a good starting place, too, since it will help you with some very basic concepts of how to deal with the social system of managing employees. This is a book that you can read in about an hour, and will at least give you something to start with.
Also, be very candid with your HR department or supervisor and say, "I don't know if I have all the right training for this - what programs are provided for training?" If you live near a major university or other big industry companies, there may be off-site programs (like UCLA's great technical management program, next one is in mid September), that are specifically for you. Think about it this way: what if they just said, "you've done such a great job programming C, we think you have enough experience and maturity to program in X, and teach it too." Your first response would be, "what's this X language, and when are the training classes that you are providing?" Far too many people fail as managers when they get promoted because they were never offered nor sought out the proper training.
Dolby A and SR noise reduction is used for the Stereo Variable Area optical tracks. This can be encoded (and almost always is) with a surround mix:
Left Total = Left + 1/2 Center + 1/2 (Mono Surround shifted 90 degrees)
Right Total = Right + 1/2 Center + 1/2 (Mono Surround shifted -90 degress)
This is demuxed in the Cinema Processor (or your home prologic processor) to get the 4 channels back (L,C,R,S, where C is the in-phase information between Lt and Rt, and S is the out-of-phase information between Lt and Rt). Subwoofer information ("Bass Extention") is extracted when a subwoofer is present (basically a LPF).
Dolby B is *not* for cinema - that is a variant of Dolby A used on cassette tapes (as is Dolby S - a variant of Dolby SR).
Magnetic 35mm and 70mm formats (briefly)
Suffice to say that discrete 4 channel L,C,R,S and discrete 6 channel (Format 42 = L,LC,C,RC,R,S and Format 43 = L,C,R,Ls,Rs,Sub) were used. Dolby A and Dolby SR noise reduction used on the magnetic tracks.
Digital formats
Cinema Digital Sound "CDS" (obsolete):
Removed Stereo Variable Area tracks, put optically encoded bits on film. Precursor to SDDS. 6 channels (L,C,R,Ls,Rs,Sub).
Dolby Digital (also known as SR-D):
Optically encoded bits between the sprocket holes ("perforations" or "perfs")on the same side of the film as the SVA analog tracks. It is read by an IR CCD camera (originally white light). The Audio is 320kbps AC-3, and encodes 5.1 channels (L,C,R,Ls,Rs,Sub). First "official" film: Batman Returns (testing done on select prints of Star Trek 6). A variant of this is Dolby Digital EX, which uses the same 4:2:4 encode decode matrix as analog "Dolby Stereo" (Dolby Surround at home) to encode a Center Surround into the Left and Right Surrounds. The out of phase information is unused. First film: Episode 1.
SDDS (Sony Dynamic Digital Sound):
Grew out of technologies from CDS, puts optically encoded bits on the outer perf area (the outer edges of the film). Encodes 8 channels (L,LC,C,RC,R,Ls,Rs,Sw) using Sony's ATRAC compression. Use of all 5 screen channels requires a theatre equiped with the Left Center and Right Center speakers (left over from the old 70mm format 42 days). First Film: Last Action Hero.
DTS (Digital Theater Sound):
Modified SMPTE timecode put between the SVA optical tracks and the picture area. Sometimes seen on left hand side of screen when apeture plates are overcut. Read by laser diode reader and delivered to modified PC to playback audio from CD-ROMs. Audio is encoded into L,C,R,Ls,Rs,Sub using APT's X-100 coded (originally for ISDN transmission of audio). A variant of this is DTS ES 6.1, which discretely encodes a Center Surround. First film: Jurassic Park.
Slashdot Mirror
If you really want to do it and do it right, look to the Military Ruggedized COTS market. You can get a ruggedized VME chassis, conduction cooled, 6U (same U's as rackmount, but it is a 6U long blade that is about 0.8 inch wide). No need for spray cool or oil (both very unreliable without regular maintenance, and even then, not good). Check Elma, GE Fanuc, Curtiss-Wright, etc. What you are describing, with everything but the cost, is a military rugged server. Good luck with the budget. You need to add two 0's.
Good start, but your truth table is incomplete. You have removed the non-sensical rows in which Monty opens the door showing the car and you either switch or don't switch. It would seem that this doesn't matter, but it is skewing the results of your truth table because every line of a truth table is equally weighted. A truth table represents all possible inputs and then displays all logical (but not neccessarily "sensical") outputs based on some application of an operation.
Here is an example. Assume we have a random number generator, 0 though 7. What is the probability of any of the outcomes? 1/8. There are 8 rows to the truth table, which results all possible numbers generated in our system.
000
001
010
011
100
101
110
111
What is the probability of an even number? 4/8 = 1/2. What is the probability of an odd number? 4/8 = 1/2. So far, so good.
Now, let's apply a rule that says that any time the system generates an even number (include 0), we add 1 to make it odd (formally, the operation is outcome=input|0x001). The probability of the outcome of any given even number is now 0/8 and an odd number is now 2/8 = 1/4. The truth table still has 8 lines, but because of the rule applied to the initial uniform distribution of inputs, we no longer have a uniform distribution for the outcomes.
Note that I show the non-trivial application of the operation as ->
000 -> 001 = Odd
001 = Odd
010 -> 011 = Odd
011 = Odd
100 -> 101 = Odd
101 = Odd
110 -> 111 = Odd
111 = Odd
The initial uniform distribution has been altered (weighted) in favor of a new distribution by modifying certain random input to become an different outcome.
If one were to reduce the truth table by not showing the altered line, the truth table would be:
001 = Odd
011 = Odd
101 = Odd
111 = Odd
which clearly does not show all the initially generated values, but still gives an accurate probability due to the uniform application of an essentially linear altering / weighting operation.
Now, to match this up with the Monty Hall Problem more closely, change the modification rule to only add 1 to even numbers greater than or equal to 4 (if(input>=0x04) then outcome=input|0x01). This operation is applied uniformly, but the operation itself has a non-linearity in it (only greater than or equal to 4). Here is the new truth table showing the non-uniform distribution of outcomes based on a uniform distribution of inputs when a non-linear operator is applied:
000 = Even
001 = Odd
010 = Even
011 = Odd
100 -> 101 = Odd
101 = Odd
110 -> 111 = Odd
111 = Odd
Now, the probability of getting an even number is 2/8 = 1/4 and the probability of getting an odd number is 6/8 = 3/4, despite the initial uniform distribution. If the truth table is reduced simply to outcomes by collapsing input rows affected by the non-linear operation into input rows with the same output, then a deceptive truth table, similar to the one in the above post, is created:
000 = Even
001 = Odd
010 = Even
011 = Odd
101 = Odd
111 = Odd
In this case, it appears that the probability of there being an odd number is simply 4/6 = 2/3 and even is 2/6 = 1/3, which is incorrect, since our number generator was uniform, and the rule altered the 2 out of 8 of the initial numbers to become something else. The new truth table is no longer uniform in distribution because it is no longer representing all input rows.
In the truth table in the above post, only 8 outcomes are shown from an actual truth table of 12 outcomes (using only CGG, but similar for other permutations). 4 input rows have been eliminated, thus the error.
The actual truth table is (N=NO, Y=YES for the switch column):
CGG12N = Win
CGG12Y = Lose
CGG12N = Win
CGG12Y = Lose
CGG21N -> CGG23
Note that the PMBOK is made by the PMI, so when you see PMI, PMP, or PMBOK, you're pretty much talking about the same thing.
PMI is the institute
PMBOK is the material
PMP is the certification
Glad to hear that an MBA stressed PMBOK
Check out the Project Management Institute (PMI) and start working towards getting your Project Management Professional (PMP) designation. It will be worth salary dollars, too, and will help you move elsewhere when you have to. Also, read Drucker (anything written by or his stuff collected, like the "Daily Drucker" or "Essential Drucker").
The One Minute Manager book is a good starting place, too, since it will help you with some very basic concepts of how to deal with the social system of managing employees. This is a book that you can read in about an hour, and will at least give you something to start with.
Also, be very candid with your HR department or supervisor and say, "I don't know if I have all the right training for this - what programs are provided for training?" If you live near a major university or other big industry companies, there may be off-site programs (like UCLA's great technical management program, next one is in mid September), that are specifically for you. Think about it this way: what if they just said, "you've done such a great job programming C, we think you have enough experience and maturity to program in X, and teach it too." Your first response would be, "what's this X language, and when are the training classes that you are providing?" Far too many people fail as managers when they get promoted because they were never offered nor sought out the proper training.
links:
http://www.pmi.org/
http://www.uclaextension.edu/tmp
Search amazon for Drucker and One Mintute Manager
Analog optical formats
- Mono is mono (Academy Mono)
- Dolby A and SR noise reduction is used for the Stereo Variable Area optical tracks. This can be encoded (and almost always is) with a surround mix:
- Dolby B is *not* for cinema - that is a variant of Dolby A used on cassette tapes (as is Dolby S - a variant of Dolby SR).
Magnetic 35mm and 70mm formats (briefly)Left Total = Left + 1/2 Center + 1/2 (Mono Surround shifted 90 degrees)
Right Total = Right + 1/2 Center + 1/2 (Mono Surround shifted -90 degress)
This is demuxed in the Cinema Processor (or your home prologic processor) to get the 4 channels back (L,C,R,S, where C is the in-phase information between Lt and Rt, and S is the out-of-phase information between Lt and Rt). Subwoofer information ("Bass Extention") is extracted when a subwoofer is present (basically a LPF).
Suffice to say that discrete 4 channel L,C,R,S and discrete 6 channel (Format 42 = L,LC,C,RC,R,S and Format 43 = L,C,R,Ls,Rs,Sub) were used. Dolby A and Dolby SR noise reduction used on the magnetic tracks.
Digital formats
Removed Stereo Variable Area tracks, put optically encoded bits on film. Precursor to SDDS. 6 channels (L,C,R,Ls,Rs,Sub).
Optically encoded bits between the sprocket holes ("perforations" or "perfs")on the same side of the film as the SVA analog tracks. It is read by an IR CCD camera (originally white light). The Audio is 320kbps AC-3, and encodes 5.1 channels (L,C,R,Ls,Rs,Sub). First "official" film: Batman Returns (testing done on select prints of Star Trek 6). A variant of this is Dolby Digital EX, which uses the same 4:2:4 encode decode matrix as analog "Dolby Stereo" (Dolby Surround at home) to encode a Center Surround into the Left and Right Surrounds. The out of phase information is unused. First film: Episode 1.
Grew out of technologies from CDS, puts optically encoded bits on the outer perf area (the outer edges of the film). Encodes 8 channels (L,LC,C,RC,R,Ls,Rs,Sw) using Sony's ATRAC compression. Use of all 5 screen channels requires a theatre equiped with the Left Center and Right Center speakers (left over from the old 70mm format 42 days). First Film: Last Action Hero.
Modified SMPTE timecode put between the SVA optical tracks and the picture area. Sometimes seen on left hand side of screen when apeture plates are overcut. Read by laser diode reader and delivered to modified PC to playback audio from CD-ROMs. Audio is encoded into L,C,R,Ls,Rs,Sub using APT's X-100 coded (originally for ISDN transmission of audio). A variant of this is DTS ES 6.1, which discretely encodes a Center Surround. First film: Jurassic Park.