. . . its about how predictive is a hypothesis over the domain of interest. Thus far, to the extent that the climate modelers have deigned to make any predictions, the
predictive value of those models has been crap
In this case, however, the proposed new estimate of current glacial loss is closer to that predicted by the climate models and the need to explain why the glaciers in Greenland are retreating faster than predicted might be averted.
Standard Oil wasa fairly complete monopoly. They didn't just dominate the oil industry, but, e.g., bought up the railroads and charged competitors (including coal companies) more to ship, provided them slower shipment, refused shipment when they could get away with it, and and even interfered with shipping by other means, using that as leverage to buy up more and more of their competition and extend their monopoly further and farther nationwide.
You are wrong.
Natural gas at the wellheads is often 85% to 95% methane, with a tendency to have carbon dioxide and nitrogen, among other things, mixed in. The suppliers tend to remove the non-combustibles as well as the ethane, propane, butane, etc. from the gas delivered to you, which will usually be almost pure methane. (They can sell most of the non-methane products separately for a profit, even, in some cases, the carbon dioxide.)
Also, Methane has a narrow range of flammability, from 4%+ to 17%- in air.
Finally, methane has an ignition point above 580C, so it isn't going to spontaneously burst into flames.
I (regrettably) have a 50 mile journey. 2-1/4 miles by car (with no traffic congestion) from home to train station, 1 mile by walking from train station to office, and the rest by a diesel-electric powered train carrying about 500 to 1,000 other people. That competes with, but does not win against, living in the city and walking to and from the subway/'L' stations, which I used to do. But it does win against the majority of commuters who drive 5 to 20 miles each way in heavy traffic. And it does not involve unicorn farts or star dust.
CO2 is not dangerous at all if breathed in so I'm not sure what you're implying there.
It is dangerous in high enough concentations. I believe that the OSHA limit for 8-hr average exposure is 5,000 ppm and it is considered acutely toxic at levels above 4% or so.
I don't know why you think this demonstrates any particular excess expense of government. It is no more complex or restrictive than any of hundreds of private sector construction specifications and design criteria that I have read.
Many luxury cars that recommend 91+ octane just do it to inflate mileage numbers (since 91 octane gas usually but is not required to give *slightly* better mileage)
Adjusting gasoline formula to increase resistance to auto-ignition (increasing octane) generally results in less energy per gallon/liter and hence, poorer mileage. (though still better mileage than knocking would result in, where it makes the difference)
1968 October 4 An advertisement in Science magazine by Hewlett-Packard introduces first programmable scientific desktop calculator, which Hewlett-Packard calls "the new Hewlett-Packard 911A personal computer". (This is claimed as coining the term "personal computer".) [213.5] [1559]
Before IBM jumped on the bandwagon, the little computers people bought for themselves were known as personal computers. Then, when IBM saw that those just might cut into their business of selling big, expensive computers, they tried an experiment selling small, (relatively) cheap, computers using off-the-shelf parts, and came up with the imaginative name of IBM Personal Computer.
When the IBM clones came, they were called IBM PC compatible. That got shortened to PC compatible, and eventually we had just PC. Now, most people "know" PCs as separate from Macs even though Apples were PCs before "PCs" were.
However studies show that 4 wheels do tend to degrade operator attentiveness much more than 2 wheels do.
Believe it or not, I did have a friend who fell asleep riding a motorcycle and crashed into parked cars. He now has one leg shorter than the other.
But more to the point, no matter how attentive the operator of the 2-wheeled vehicle is, 4 wheels are safer in traffic.
After all, shouldn't it be the job of the typesetting program to do the typesetting, and not the author of the text?
I don't do typesetting at all. I write specifcations, memos, and reports, and the tools available to me at work are word processors that don't do typesetting (at least not well).
I type more than one space after sentences because that looks right - even the typesetting programs agree. True, if well thought out, typesetting programs can do a better job at spacing than I might manually.
Still, if those programs are so smart, why can't they adjust my two spaces just as well as they can adjust your one space
I do most of my writing in proportional fonts. I use two spaces after periods at the end of sentences. It just looks better, Except where the word processor (usually MS Word) stretches words too far apart (MS never heard of letter spacing?) in full justification, then I'll go back and change it to a single space.
I hate smart quotes. Word handles them so stupidly - one foot two inches spelled 1' 2" does not call for smart quotes! And different versions of Word can't even render each other's smart quotes correctly, let alone if you cut and paste them into a text editor.
Jet engines are, by definition, not fans. They produce thrust by the acceleration of a jet of combustion products exiting the rear of the engine through a nozzle. Rockets are jet engines; but the term jet engine usually implies air-breathing and rockets are assumed to carry their own oxidizer. Propellers/fans produce thrust pushing air back by rotation of the fan blades/fan wheels/propellers.
Fans can be propellers or otherwise. When talking about aircraft it's usually meant that a prop is un-ducted but a fan is ducted.
Pure jet engines are efficient at high speeds, but very inefficient at low speeds like at takeoff where fans can be a big help. That's one of the main reasons fans are included in the "jet engines" found on most commercial aircraft. (Unducted) Props don't work very well at the high cruising speeds of most airliners because the velocity of the propeller tip gets added (vector-wise) to the airspeed of the plane, which result in velocities near or above the speed of sound. The ducting can be designed to slow down the air and somewhat mitigate that issue.
Commercial airliners usually use combination fan/jet engines.
Don't confuse natural rights, like the right to life, liberty, and the pusuit of happiness, that we are endowed by our creator, with property rights, like real estate deeds endowed by the government's law.
I agree with your main point, but knowing nothing else other than what was stated, it sounds like a sufficient number of handicapped spaces on the ground floor would have been a reasonable solution.
FYI, an elevator in a two-story garage, considering all that has to go into it, would probably cost in the low six figures, if not more. That's not counting the space it takes from more profitable usage.
There's your problem right there. California, and LA in particular, have some of the strictest, most arbitrary, most "can't fight city hall", building codes in the nation. One time, when we were following a client's standard design of having a thru-the-wall A/C unit to cool the little server room within an unconditioned stock room / warehouse, LA inspector's insisted we build a permanent ladder and a platform around it for servicing, citing a section of the code obviously intended to prevent homeowners from falling through the ceiling when furnaces and A/C units get installed in unfinished attics.
It never occurred to you that the ADA was the worst fucking law ever?
No, and I deal with it all the time (HVAC & plumbing design).
99% of the requirements are cost-free or very low cost. Really, what's so bad about installing a lever handle rather than a knob, it evens helps the able-bodied when they have something in their hands. ADA doesn't apply to private single-family homes, and for large condos and apartment buildings, only a percentage of dwelling units need comply. ADA typically doesn't make you change existing facilities unless you're doing work anyway. Once you become familiar with the issues, design work is no harder and new construction doesn't cost a whole lot more than before the ADA. The main issue of costs I see is the need for elevators or ramps in situations that may otherwise require only stairs. (Elevators, even simple wheelchair lifts, can be seriously expensive). Even so, buildings more than 3 stories would usually get an elevator anyway.
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Does this mean the mystery about the cause of autism is solved?
Legally? Yes. Scientifically? No.
More like:
Legally? Yes, but only for one specific case. Scientifically? Yes, but only for one, possibly rare, cause.
. . . its about how predictive is a hypothesis over the domain of interest. Thus far, to the extent that the climate modelers have deigned to make any predictions, the predictive value of those models has been crap
In this case, however, the proposed new estimate of current glacial loss is closer to that predicted by the climate models and the need to explain why the glaciers in Greenland are retreating faster than predicted might be averted.
Standard Oil wasa fairly complete monopoly. They didn't just dominate the oil industry, but, e.g., bought up the railroads and charged competitors (including coal companies) more to ship, provided them slower shipment, refused shipment when they could get away with it, and and even interfered with shipping by other means, using that as leverage to buy up more and more of their competition and extend their monopoly further and farther nationwide.
You are wrong.
Natural gas at the wellheads is often 85% to 95% methane, with a tendency to have carbon dioxide and nitrogen, among other things, mixed in. The suppliers tend to remove the non-combustibles as well as the ethane, propane, butane, etc. from the gas delivered to you, which will usually be almost pure methane. (They can sell most of the non-methane products separately for a profit, even, in some cases, the carbon dioxide.)
Also, Methane has a narrow range of flammability, from 4%+ to 17%- in air.
Finally, methane has an ignition point above 580C, so it isn't going to spontaneously burst into flames.
I (regrettably) have a 50 mile journey. 2-1/4 miles by car (with no traffic congestion) from home to train station, 1 mile by walking from train station to office, and the rest by a diesel-electric powered train carrying about 500 to 1,000 other people. That competes with, but does not win against, living in the city and walking to and from the subway/'L' stations, which I used to do. But it does win against the majority of commuters who drive 5 to 20 miles each way in heavy traffic. And it does not involve unicorn farts or star dust.
CO2 is not dangerous at all if breathed in so I'm not sure what you're implying there.
It is dangerous in high enough concentations. I believe that the OSHA limit for 8-hr average exposure is 5,000 ppm and it is considered acutely toxic at levels above 4% or so.
Plus, methane spontaneously combusts in the presence of oxygen, as the heat needed is lower than room temp.
Then why do I need a pilot light (or spark ignition) on my natural gas burning appliances?
I don't know why you think this demonstrates any particular excess expense of government. It is no more complex or restrictive than any of hundreds of private sector construction specifications and design criteria that I have read.
Many luxury cars that recommend 91+ octane just do it to inflate mileage numbers (since 91 octane gas usually but is not required to give *slightly* better mileage)
Adjusting gasoline formula to increase resistance to auto-ignition (increasing octane) generally results in less energy per gallon/liter and hence, poorer mileage. (though still better mileage than knocking would result in, where it makes the difference)
Reverse engineering is not illegal, patent laws explicitly allow it. (at least in the USA, at least for now)
I'm the one with the right to bear arms. Any guesses why I was granted that right?
Because we didn't want the government to have a standing army, so we knew we had to rely on an armed populace for a quick defense?
The term "personal computer" first appears . . . in Byte magazine. [1056.372]
http://www.islandnet.com/~kpolsson/comphist/comp1976.htm
I challenge you to find an ad prior to 1982 with the phrase "personal computer".
Here
1968
October 4
An advertisement in Science magazine by Hewlett-Packard introduces first programmable scientific desktop calculator, which Hewlett-Packard calls "the new Hewlett-Packard 911A personal computer". (This is claimed as coining the term "personal computer".) [213.5] [1559]
Come on.
Before IBM jumped on the bandwagon, the little computers people bought for themselves were known as personal computers. Then, when IBM saw that those just might cut into their business of selling big, expensive computers, they tried an experiment selling small, (relatively) cheap, computers using off-the-shelf parts, and came up with the imaginative name of IBM Personal Computer.
When the IBM clones came, they were called IBM PC compatible. That got shortened to PC compatible, and eventually we had just PC. Now, most people "know" PCs as separate from Macs even though Apples were PCs before "PCs" were.
All the people who've caused accidents I was involved in were young.
Is that why they took away your license at a such young age?
However studies show that 4 wheels do tend to degrade operator attentiveness much more than 2 wheels do.
Believe it or not, I did have a friend who fell asleep riding a motorcycle and crashed into parked cars. He now has one leg shorter than the other.
But more to the point, no matter how attentive the operator of the 2-wheeled vehicle is, 4 wheels are safer in traffic.
After all, shouldn't it be the job of the typesetting program to do the typesetting, and not the author of the text?
I don't do typesetting at all. I write specifcations, memos, and reports, and the tools available to me at work are word processors that don't do typesetting (at least not well).
I type more than one space after sentences because that looks right - even the typesetting programs agree. True, if well thought out, typesetting programs can do a better job at spacing than I might manually.
Still, if those programs are so smart, why can't they adjust my two spaces just as well as they can adjust your one space
I do most of my writing in proportional fonts. I use two spaces after periods at the end of sentences. It just looks better, Except where the word processor (usually MS Word) stretches words too far apart (MS never heard of letter spacing?) in full justification, then I'll go back and change it to a single space.
I hate smart quotes. Word handles them so stupidly - one foot two inches spelled 1' 2" does not call for smart quotes! And different versions of Word can't even render each other's smart quotes correctly, let alone if you cut and paste them into a text editor.
Jet engines are, by definition, not fans. They produce thrust by the acceleration of a jet of combustion products exiting the rear of the engine through a nozzle. Rockets are jet engines; but the term jet engine usually implies air-breathing and rockets are assumed to carry their own oxidizer. Propellers/fans produce thrust pushing air back by rotation of the fan blades/fan wheels/propellers .
Fans can be propellers or otherwise. When talking about aircraft it's usually meant that a prop is un-ducted but a fan is ducted.
Pure jet engines are efficient at high speeds, but very inefficient at low speeds like at takeoff where fans can be a big help. That's one of the main reasons fans are included in the "jet engines" found on most commercial aircraft. (Unducted) Props don't work very well at the high cruising speeds of most airliners because the velocity of the propeller tip gets added (vector-wise) to the airspeed of the plane, which result in velocities near or above the speed of sound. The ducting can be designed to slow down the air and somewhat mitigate that issue.
Commercial airliners usually use combination fan/jet engines.
Don't confuse natural rights, like the right to life, liberty, and the pusuit of happiness, that we are endowed by our creator, with property rights, like real estate deeds endowed by the government's law.
If our weather men can't even predict the weather to an acceptable degree of accuracy the day before, . . .
. . . then you should fire your weathermen.
If you had said they can't predict the weather a week ahead of time, maybe you'd have a point . . . about weather, but not about climate.
In response to your questions:
0
0
0
and 0
It was only a test of the technique of making a template of small-scale features.
I agree with your main point, but knowing nothing else other than what was stated, it sounds like a sufficient number of handicapped spaces on the ground floor would have been a reasonable solution.
FYI, an elevator in a two-story garage, considering all that has to go into it, would probably cost in the low six figures, if not more. That's not counting the space it takes from more profitable usage.
When I worked in construction in L.A. . . .
There's your problem right there. California, and LA in particular, have some of the strictest, most arbitrary, most "can't fight city hall", building codes in the nation. One time, when we were following a client's standard design of having a thru-the-wall A/C unit to cool the little server room within an unconditioned stock room / warehouse, LA inspector's insisted we build a permanent ladder and a platform around it for servicing, citing a section of the code obviously intended to prevent homeowners from falling through the ceiling when furnaces and A/C units get installed in unfinished attics.
It never occurred to you that the ADA was the worst fucking law ever?
No, and I deal with it all the time (HVAC & plumbing design).
99% of the requirements are cost-free or very low cost. Really, what's so bad about installing a lever handle rather than a knob, it evens helps the able-bodied when they have something in their hands. ADA doesn't apply to private single-family homes, and for large condos and apartment buildings, only a percentage of dwelling units need comply. ADA typically doesn't make you change existing facilities unless you're doing work anyway. Once you become familiar with the issues, design work is no harder and new construction doesn't cost a whole lot more than before the ADA. The main issue of costs I see is the need for elevators or ramps in situations that may otherwise require only stairs. (Elevators, even simple wheelchair lifts, can be seriously expensive). Even so, buildings more than 3 stories would usually get an elevator anyway.