You only need to send a bounce if you have accepted the mail.
Ideally incoming servers should never bounce mails they should accept the mails for legitimate addresses they know how to deliver to and reject all others.
I believe this is also why all newer Apple machines run NVidia graphics chips The mini and macbook use intel graphics. The macbook pros use nvidia. The imacs (which I belive were the most recently updated range) all use ATI. The mac pro offers the choice of nvidia or ati. The xserve uses ATI.
"The fix, then, is for us to take advantage of the disk cache to make sure that the memory pages on disk that we must read at startup have already been loaded before we need them. How do we do this? We cannot magically pre-load the pages just prioir to launching; unfortunately, the VM currently lacks the ability to see into the future to detect when the user will be launching Java (we would love to have this feature in the future, but it is not yet present). But we can pre-load at some earlier time, such as Windows boot or login time. And we can keep the pages warm in the disk cache as machine and memory conditions allow."
I translate that from sales speak to english as
"we can't get the bloat down to a level that will give acceptable startup times so we are going to hide it in the windows boot process"
IcedTea replaces the binary plugins with the equivalent GNU Classpath code, compiles it all using GCJ and optionally bootstraps itself using the HotSpot Java Virtual Machine and the javac Java compiler it just built. That wikipedia quote is neither entirely accurate or entirely up to date
Initially icedtea was built with ecj as the compiler running on gij (a close relative of gcj and often packaged with it which may be where the idea that it was built with gcj came from).
Right now icedtea only builds with older versions of icedtea though they are trying to fix that.
So again, this is not the end of end of GCJ but part of its validation. While it won't be the complete end of gcj/gij/classpath it seems very likely to me that every major general purpose linux distro is likely to move to openjdk based java as the default java implementation. The gnu java stuff may remain as a bootstrapping system and some bits of code from it may either be merged into suns tree or kept in distro operated branches (like icedtea is now) of openjdk but I don't see much future for it beyond that.
That always struck me as strange because I would have thought that Java was the perfect language for open source projects. Fairly quick, simple to develop in, stacks of libraries, popular. But not foss leading to poor integration with linux distros.
Hopefully it won't be too long before the remaining encumbered components are properly replaced and opensource java becomes a part of all major general purpose linux distros.
IMO the sentance has to at the very least exceed the value to the offender of the crime or the offender will just laugh at the law and keep violating it. Since not all crimes can be detected and punished a punishment of a few times the value to the offender of the offense makes sense.
However as you say just jacking up the sentance to make up for a very low likelyhood of getting caught doesn't work very well. Once the likelyhood of getting caught gets too low the criminal is just going to assume he won't get caught and act with impunity regardless of the sentance.
OK, I agree, but simply mashing together some technologies does not an engineer make. An engineers job is to solve a problem in a way that satisfies the requirements of the client and any applicable regulations for an acceptable cost. IMO what defines an engineer is not the levels of the modules they work with but thier skills in combining those modules to create systems that solve problems or larger modules that will be usefull to other engineers.
Particularlly the computer industry is already heavilly modular, the logic cell designer combines transistors to make logic cells, the chip designer combines logic cells to make chips, the board designer combines chips to make boards, the computer designer combines the boards to make computers and the network/soloution designers combine computers to make networks that serve some function.
In the engineers mind there must always be the upfront/marginal tradeoff, designing custom boards is expensive so is making small runs of them so you only want to do it if either you have no real choice (say because your soloution needs to be very compact or existing boards doing what you require don't exist at a reasonable price) or you are producing large volume. Custom chip design has even higher upfront costs so it is something that you want to avoid unless you are doing HUGE production runs. A resistor costing 1 cent could potentially be removed by some design adjustments, if you are making a hundred units that is a dollar, hardly worth looking into. On the other hand if you are making a million units that is 10 thousand dollars, enough to cover over a engineer-month in working out how to eliminate it.
IIRC the immediate inspiration for the mindstorms stuff with the mit programmable brick, indeed the term pbrick is quite common in lower level mindstorms documentation.
There was also the lego dacta control lab from which the RCX borrowed it's sensors, the control lab was/is a teathered soloution supporting 4 unpowered sensors (color coded yellow), four powered sensors (color coded blue) and 8 motors and programmed in a logo based language which ran on the connected computer (PC mac or archimedes)
The reason I think it is worse is because, unlike stealing from the teachers desk, they will have to treat everything on the computers they hacked as suspect. Surely a physical break in would also require an audit of everything in the area that was broken into to make sure nothing else was altered and no bugs were placed.
so to do a proper FPGA design, you really DO need to understand things such as race conditions Race conditions are not an issue in a synchronous design because the transiant states don't matter as long as everything is settled by the next clock (which the timing analyser built into your synthisis tool should tell you provided you set the tool up correctly)
fan-in, fan-out Theese are the responsibility of the synthisis tool.
I would imagine a paperclip is way too thick for you to have much chance vaporising it with a wall outlet, depending on how good a connection you make you will probablly get a small bang at the point of contact and/or a blown fuse/tripped breaker but the paperclip should be intact afterwards.
It seems Bill worked out early (correctly IMO) that trying to make money writing and selling software targeted at hobbyists wasn't going to be very sucessfull.
What buisness software vendors realised later was they could set up a compliance auditing agency that would scare all but the smallest buisnesses into trying to stay as compliant as possible while still makng it easy for people to get hooked on thier software through pirate copies. This worked well for many years but eventually the market maxed out.
So the only way to grow further was to force markets that were pretty immune to the BSA threat (home users and buisness users in the third world) to pay up. In other words product activation/wga.
sorry too many people discussing different places, I wish people would state where they were talking about rather than just saying here and expecting people to either guess or try and work it out from the users other posts.
that's why some of our sentences are quite high, like 10-15 years for bank robbery without a weapon and without any harm to anybody I thought bank robbery was a federal crime and federal prisons didn't have parole.
Liki I said, even my (or your) basement is more secure. Maybe so but security isn't the only thing you required for a datacenter (defined here as a place hosting servers that mostly serve clients on other sites and require high uptime and possiblly also high bandwidth).
a basic list of requirements other than security: Redundant high quality internet connections Redundant power Redundant aircon running off redundant power (not much point in having the redundant power if your boxes are overheating due to lack of aircon)
To get theese things at a reasonable cost per server requires aggregating a lot of servers together. Unless you are huge yourself that means you have to rent space in a datacenter run by someone else. Prospective clients will also want to know where the datacenter is so they can verify that it really does have theese things and is not just a single T3 line and a handfull of servers running off a power strip plugged into plain utility power in someones non air conditioned basement.
I do agree though that customers were stupid not to do some serious research on thier hosts security after the first incident.
The police do not keep people safe from crime, the police rarely get involved until after the crime has occurred. Right, how many more people do you think would commit crimes if they weren't afraid of being tracked down by the police, convicted in court and then thrown in jail.
Likewise, the fire department doesn't keep people safe from fire. The fire department arrives and puts out the fire Putting out fires prevents those fires from spreading and killing far more people/doing far more damage. Fire departments and other government or quasi-government bodies also get invovlved with fire protection.
Does it have a proper redundant power system with backups and proper redundant aircon system supplied by protected power? Is it in an area prone to floods and if so have flood precautions been taken (e.g. selction of a location other than the basements)?
Maybe the answer to theese is yes but the problem still holds that the potential customer can't verify theese things if they don't know where their server will be located and if the potential customer knows the location so does the potential criminal.
Having had four breakins at what is supposed to be a secure facility means that the place not only had inadequate security initially but that they failed to put in adequate security after the first three breakins, after that record what are the chances they put in adequate security after the fourth?
A good datacenter is located where almost nobody knows where it is - preferably underground in a nondescript location in the countryside. A set of optical fibers will take care of all the traffic. And very few persons shall have physical access to the hardware. That works fine if you are big enough to have your own datacenter.
If you are selling space to clients though it doesn't work so well, many clients preffer to colocate thier own hardware rather than renting from the provider and many clients will also want to see evidence that thier machines are really in a datacenter and not someones basement.
Slashdot Mirror
You only need to send a bounce if you have accepted the mail.
Ideally incoming servers should never bounce mails they should accept the mails for legitimate addresses they know how to deliver to and reject all others.
I believe this is also why all newer Apple machines run NVidia graphics chips
The mini and macbook use intel graphics. The macbook pros use nvidia. The imacs (which I belive were the most recently updated range) all use ATI. The mac pro offers the choice of nvidia or ati. The xserve uses ATI.
Seems like quite a mix to me.
From that page
"The fix, then, is for us to take advantage of the disk cache to make sure that the memory pages on disk that we must read at startup have already been loaded before we need them. How do we do this? We cannot magically pre-load the pages just prioir to launching; unfortunately, the VM currently lacks the ability to see into the future to detect when the user will be launching Java (we would love to have this feature in the future, but it is not yet present). But we can pre-load at some earlier time, such as Windows boot or login time. And we can keep the pages warm in the disk cache as machine and memory conditions allow."
I translate that from sales speak to english as
"we can't get the bloat down to a level that will give acceptable startup times so we are going to hide it in the windows boot process"
IcedTea replaces the binary plugins with the equivalent GNU Classpath code, compiles it all using GCJ and optionally bootstraps itself using the HotSpot Java Virtual Machine and the javac Java compiler it just built.
That wikipedia quote is neither entirely accurate or entirely up to date
Initially icedtea was built with ecj as the compiler running on gij (a close relative of gcj and often packaged with it which may be where the idea that it was built with gcj came from).
Right now icedtea only builds with older versions of icedtea though they are trying to fix that.
So again, this is not the end of end of GCJ but part of its validation.
While it won't be the complete end of gcj/gij/classpath it seems very likely to me that every major general purpose linux distro is likely to move to openjdk based java as the default java implementation. The gnu java stuff may remain as a bootstrapping system and some bits of code from it may either be merged into suns tree or kept in distro operated branches (like icedtea is now) of openjdk but I don't see much future for it beyond that.
That always struck me as strange because I would have thought that Java was the perfect language for open source projects. Fairly quick, simple to develop in, stacks of libraries, popular.
But not foss leading to poor integration with linux distros.
Hopefully it won't be too long before the remaining encumbered components are properly replaced and opensource java becomes a part of all major general purpose linux distros.
You can already, icedtea contains a java plugin from amd64 based on work from the gnu classpath project.
I thought apple used thier own custom board designs.
But given that you can get multilayer SMT fabbed for you for $30 for a small board
Where? and how long does it take?
IMO the sentance has to at the very least exceed the value to the offender of the crime or the offender will just laugh at the law and keep violating it. Since not all crimes can be detected and punished a punishment of a few times the value to the offender of the offense makes sense.
However as you say just jacking up the sentance to make up for a very low likelyhood of getting caught doesn't work very well. Once the likelyhood of getting caught gets too low the criminal is just going to assume he won't get caught and act with impunity regardless of the sentance.
OK, I agree, but simply mashing together some technologies does not an engineer make.
An engineers job is to solve a problem in a way that satisfies the requirements of the client and any applicable regulations for an acceptable cost. IMO what defines an engineer is not the levels of the modules they work with but thier skills in combining those modules to create systems that solve problems or larger modules that will be usefull to other engineers.
Particularlly the computer industry is already heavilly modular, the logic cell designer combines transistors to make logic cells, the chip designer combines logic cells to make chips, the board designer combines chips to make boards, the computer designer combines the boards to make computers and the network/soloution designers combine computers to make networks that serve some function.
In the engineers mind there must always be the upfront/marginal tradeoff, designing custom boards is expensive so is making small runs of them so you only want to do it if either you have no real choice (say because your soloution needs to be very compact or existing boards doing what you require don't exist at a reasonable price) or you are producing large volume. Custom chip design has even higher upfront costs so it is something that you want to avoid unless you are doing HUGE production runs. A resistor costing 1 cent could potentially be removed by some design adjustments, if you are making a hundred units that is a dollar, hardly worth looking into. On the other hand if you are making a million units that is 10 thousand dollars, enough to cover over a engineer-month in working out how to eliminate it.
IIRC the immediate inspiration for the mindstorms stuff with the mit programmable brick, indeed the term pbrick is quite common in lower level mindstorms documentation.
There was also the lego dacta control lab from which the RCX borrowed it's sensors, the control lab was/is a teathered soloution supporting 4 unpowered sensors (color coded yellow), four powered sensors (color coded blue) and 8 motors and programmed in a logo based language which ran on the connected computer (PC mac or archimedes)
The reason I think it is worse is because, unlike stealing from the teachers desk, they will have to treat everything on the computers they hacked as suspect.
Surely a physical break in would also require an audit of everything in the area that was broken into to make sure nothing else was altered and no bugs were placed.
so to do a proper FPGA design, you really DO need to understand things such as race conditions
Race conditions are not an issue in a synchronous design because the transiant states don't matter as long as everything is settled by the next clock (which the timing analyser built into your synthisis tool should tell you provided you set the tool up correctly)
fan-in, fan-out
Theese are the responsibility of the synthisis tool.
The capcitance isn't very meaningfull without knowing the physical size and the working voltage
I would imagine a paperclip is way too thick for you to have much chance vaporising it with a wall outlet, depending on how good a connection you make you will probablly get a small bang at the point of contact and/or a blown fuse/tripped breaker but the paperclip should be intact afterwards.
The GP was probablly wrong to say early days.
It seems Bill worked out early (correctly IMO) that trying to make money writing and selling software targeted at hobbyists wasn't going to be very sucessfull.
What buisness software vendors realised later was they could set up a compliance auditing agency that would scare all but the smallest buisnesses into trying to stay as compliant as possible while still makng it easy for people to get hooked on thier software through pirate copies. This worked well for many years but eventually the market maxed out.
So the only way to grow further was to force markets that were pretty immune to the BSA threat (home users and buisness users in the third world) to pay up. In other words product activation/wga.
sorry too many people discussing different places, I wish people would state where they were talking about rather than just saying here and expecting people to either guess or try and work it out from the users other posts.
If they really hated CentOS, couldn't they simply do tarballs but get rid of the makefiles?
RTFL
RMS was very clear on his definition of source code to head off this sort of problem.
that's why some of our sentences are quite high, like 10-15 years for bank robbery without a weapon and without any harm to anybody
I thought bank robbery was a federal crime and federal prisons didn't have parole.
Liki I said, even my (or your) basement is more secure.
Maybe so but security isn't the only thing you required for a datacenter (defined here as a place hosting servers that mostly serve clients on other sites and require high uptime and possiblly also high bandwidth).
a basic list of requirements other than security:
Redundant high quality internet connections
Redundant power
Redundant aircon running off redundant power (not much point in having the redundant power if your boxes are overheating due to lack of aircon)
To get theese things at a reasonable cost per server requires aggregating a lot of servers together. Unless you are huge yourself that means you have to rent space in a datacenter run by someone else. Prospective clients will also want to know where the datacenter is so they can verify that it really does have theese things and is not just a single T3 line and a handfull of servers running off a power strip plugged into plain utility power in someones non air conditioned basement.
I do agree though that customers were stupid not to do some serious research on thier hosts security after the first incident.
The police do not keep people safe from crime, the police rarely get involved until after the crime has occurred.
Right, how many more people do you think would commit crimes if they weren't afraid of being tracked down by the police, convicted in court and then thrown in jail.
Likewise, the fire department doesn't keep people safe from fire. The fire department arrives and puts out the fire
Putting out fires prevents those fires from spreading and killing far more people/doing far more damage. Fire departments and other government or quasi-government bodies also get invovlved with fire protection.
Does it have a proper redundant power system with backups and proper redundant aircon system supplied by protected power? Is it in an area prone to floods and if so have flood precautions been taken (e.g. selction of a location other than the basements)?
Maybe the answer to theese is yes but the problem still holds that the potential customer can't verify theese things if they don't know where their server will be located and if the potential customer knows the location so does the potential criminal.
pretty high IMO.
Having had four breakins at what is supposed to be a secure facility means that the place not only had inadequate security initially but that they failed to put in adequate security after the first three breakins, after that record what are the chances they put in adequate security after the fourth?
Well they seem to be a provider who does both shared hosting and dedicated servers.
They may not own the datacenter but it is still their responsibility to thier customers to choose secure locations.
A good datacenter is located where almost nobody knows where it is - preferably underground in a nondescript location in the countryside. A set of optical fibers will take care of all the traffic. And very few persons shall have physical access to the hardware.
That works fine if you are big enough to have your own datacenter.
If you are selling space to clients though it doesn't work so well, many clients preffer to colocate thier own hardware rather than renting from the provider and many clients will also want to see evidence that thier machines are really in a datacenter and not someones basement.