There is enough food in the world right now to feed everyone. Does that mean everyone should eat? No. Some should die.
I'm not necessarily a fan of everyone on the planet, but I'm not convinced "some should die" simply due to food allocation difficulties.
While that food is edible, it has value. That value belongs to someone.
Unless it belongs to everyone. Like oxygen, nobody holds individual claim to it. There is nothing "inherently right" (or wrong) about something belonging to someone. If there were enough food that you could have all you wanted, would you really wander around saying "this food is mine", "this food is mine"... is that how you treat air? Of course not.
Remember, I harvest for ME. If you expect me to harvest for you, you are sadly mistaken
I don't expect you to spend time harvesting food at all. Let the 'bots do it. Help yourself to as much as you feel like eating. Treat it like air. Now, yes, if you take more than you can eat, pile it in your cave and then jealously guard so much of it that others are starting to suffer.. then yeah... you deserve to be treated like criminal, and a nutter, because you would be one.
Imagine if you did that with air, walked into a building, and starting sucking all the oxygen out to the point others couldn't breathe, while ranting about how you harvest for you. And everyone is looking at you like you are off your rocker, because if you want some air, just breathe. There's plenty. Of course you'd be locked up as a criminal.
Soon (geologically speaking), there will NOT be enough clean air full of oxygen to breathe, at that point, it becomes a scarce resource.
Possibly. Not necessarily. But either way you are missing the point -- the point was that food and energy could become as ubiquitous as oxygen is today, not that oxygen might become scarce enough to start hoarding.
Either eventuality is possible, which one are you working towards?
I do not begrudge anyone anything they have earned for themselves.
And I don't begrudge anyone clean air, whether they've worked for it or not, and if we could support public works projects to deliver limitless energy and abundant food I wouldn't begrudge stoners and layabouts that either.
To you, he is a criminal.
Not at all. Now if we had sufficient food and energy for all and Johnny Depp decided to hoard more than he could use simply to deprive others from having enough, then he would be a criminal. Why would Johnny Depp do that though? Why would anyone? Except a criminal or a nutcase.
you can make food and energy available like that, more power to you
As a species we've continually generated more food and more energy with increasingly less effort. If the trend continues (and why shouldn't it?) then eventually the labour of one person working the equivalent of one day can through the magic of technology and science produce enough food and power for the world.
Somehow or another, I expect that you want to make food and energy available like that by taking from others
Why would I want that?
Long story short, even if food, shelter, and clothing were freely available due to some unforeseen technological advance, I would be totally happy with that. If you think that just because there is enough food, shelter, and clothing existing in this world to feed everybody that you can take it from those who made it and own it to give to everyone else, I would say you are smoking crack.
You keep circling around to it being something that you are going to be making, with sweat pouring from your brow, and god forbid anyone else touch the fruits of your labor. Jeebus, let it go, nobody wants your sweaty food. I'm not even sure why you want it so badly. In a world where enough is produced by autmated labor that it can be consumed the way we consume oxygen now -- what is the p
Going through pointless rituals, just in case, and because it won't do any harm, is religion, not computer science.
Gotcha. Security shouldn't be layered or redundant. As long you've got one method that should be secure your good right.
I ran servers that were vulnerable to heartbleed. However, damage was effectively mitigated because although they were on the public facing internet, connections were logged through a gateway, and firewalls strictly limited the ip addresses that could make connections at all.
Wasn't all that witch doctor chicken bones? If OpenSSL had been without flaws, those extra layers wouldn't have mattered.
Are you really willing to put all your trust in truecrypt or whatever you like to use, in a situation you don't have to? If its encrypted and there are no backdoors or weaknesses in the implementation then encrypted SHOULD be good enough... but that's a big IF. Why take the chance if you don't have to?
Are you saying that the only reason he works hard is so that he can keep other people poor?
Not at all, that is not an inference that was intended at all.
It is not important that everyone else not have what he has.
But yet it IS important that he get more than an average person? Your original response made it abundantly clear that he should get more than his peers. Regardless of how much everyone else has, your friend should get MORE?
"MORE" is a relative term; that only has meaning when compared to someone else. You didn't argue that your friend should be able to work hard to get the things that he wants -- you argued your friend should be able to work hard to get MORE than other people.
He is motivated to do what he does because more resources grant him more security and more interesting situations.
EXACTLY. This is what I expected.
I asked those leading questions to illustrate what you suggested with your argument, where you implied he need to get MORE. I expanded that to its inevitable conclusion. But he doesn't really need or want MORE at all does he?
So he would not care whether or not everyone had an equal share of wealth, provided he can get what he wants for himself: sufficient security, and the ability to pursue the opportunities that interest him, and so forth. That would satisfy him.
So it seems he'd be perfectly happy if the average were sufficiently higher, such that he was secure and was able to pursue those interesting situations.
Is demanding that others be inappropriately rewarded a positive personality trait? No.
Define "inappropriately rewarded". Because without context you just wrote that sharing and charity are both negative personality traits.
Reality says that there are limited resources.
Finite yes. But is there less then enough? What if there was enough.
There is only so much food
What if mechanization produced more than we all could eat?
only so much energy
What if we advanced and harnessed enough via fusion or solar or whatever to provide all we need, not just what I need, but enough for everyone to have enough?
only so much oxygen
That's a good example, of something that there currently IS enough of. Nobody has to pay for it. Do you think people who work harder should get more? Do you think layabouts should get less? Do you really have any objection to there being enough clean oxygen for everyone to breath as much they like?
I am perfectly fine with people carving resources out for themselves. I am not okay with people taking resources from the people who are gathering those resources because those people feel that they deserve something just for being alive.
Do you go around carving oxygen out for yourself? Imagine food and energy were available like that. Would you begrudge other people food and energy if you had all you wanted?
I can guarantee you that if you and your friends come to take what me and my friends have created, we will kill you. Thieves are weak. Builders are strong. You have no chance.
Wow, that was a left turn into nutjob absurdity just there at the end. Lets just pretend you didn't go there.
Now explain to me why he should be rewarded the same as someone who does not do what he does
Firstly, you cherry picked your friend out of the teeming masses of people who work hard and said "hey this guys doing really great and he works really hard, why doesn't he deserve it!?" Of course he deserves it. I'm not saying he doesn't.
Now go back to that teeming mass of humanity and look at all the people who work just as hard and are living in a one bedroom apartment trying to make ends meet. Do they not also deserve better? Why does your friend deserve 200k per year and they don't?
Trust me, your friend isn't more motivated. He just got lucky. That's not to say the choices he made were not a factor, or the fact that he works hard is not a factor. They absolutely shifted the odds in his favor and he deserves recognition for the effort... but he could just have easily been unsuccessful in spite of his "hard work". Lots of people are.
For just one example of thousands, your friend could have randomly contracted cancer at a young age and it would have completely changed the direction of his life. Lets assume he's still be the same motivated hard working guy today... the years in treatment would have taken their toll, lost opportunities... time away from work and school for treatment, etc...would he have ended up precisely where he is today if he'd had a 7 year struggle with cancer in his early 20s? Its doubtful.
Secondly, the way you've phrased the question, it seems that its not merely sufficient that your friend be satisfied with the quality of his life for its own sake, but that its especially important that he get MORE than most other people? Can you explain to me why you feel its so important that everyone else not have the things your friend has? Would your friends enjoyment of his life be diminished if more other people were rewarded the same as him?
Does your friend really value getting more than you that highly? Is that really the only reason he's motivated to do what he does? Just to have more than the people around him? Is that really a positive personality trait? A virtue? Something humanity should put on a pedestal and say "be like that"?
Why?
I really really really am hoping that you are talking about those people who inherited their money and use their position of power to reap more power rather than talking about my friend who is actually working
You raise an issue here unintentionally -- that only further illustrates the level of blind luck success really is.
Not only do you have bright motivated hard working people who are not successful, we have wealthy people who have done nothing at all.
And this is the system you favor? Because sometimes, if you are lucky (or at least not unlucky), working hard pays off, but probably far less than many of your wealthy peers simply inherited? And if you get unlucky... well... sucks to be you. That's your idea of a good system?
Because throwing the keys away on an encrypted drive is more secure than overwriting an unencrypted drive with zeros, as the data recovery experts will be glad to tell you.
But that's a false choice. There is a 3rd option... do both.
Take your most private information, encrypt it, and put it on a flash drive.
Then go and sell or give that flash drive away to someone else.
Are you really going to say... well they don't have the keys, so we're good. Here you go. And hand them all your data intact (but encrypted).
Or would you maybe just maybe think, yeah its encyrpted... but why tempt fate? Maybe I'll erase it first.
I mean is there any good reason NOT to erase it first?
The reason C++ is a bad learning language is that its overwhelmingly complicated -- both the syntax due to all the extensions, but also the evolution of the standard libraries with tons of ways of doing the same thing, and then throw backs for close but not quite 100% complete compatibility with C.
It's really beneficial to approach C/C++ with already having a grounding in structured programming, data structures, etc. And ideally a course in C without C++ so you can see where one ends and the other begins. (And its also a smaller bite to chew.)
I came to C/C++ by way of BASIC then Pascal then C/C++ (self taught in high school) and while that's not really a modern route to take, I think the idea still holds. By the way, the order of languages I was exposed to in university, was Modula2, Lisp, Java, then C++, and then various other courses were in special purpose languages ML, Smalltalk, Verilog, Visual Basic, Maple, there was a course I took that used some pseudo assembler language I've forgotten the name of, and probably a few more I've forgotten about completely. I think I graduated pretty well rounded in terms of exposure to different programming paradigms, which is what I think the program was trying to achieve rather than mastery in any given language.
It sounds like the course you are describing is a more advanced algorithms class -- implementing quicksort, or shortest path finding in graphs... so everyone in it should already know how to program. And C++ honestly sounds like a suitable language to teach that stuff with.
You assume that the majority of people are going to use that free time contributing to society.
I assume no such thing. We were only talking about *motivated* people. The one's who wouldn't be satisified by lounging about drinking beer and watching TV.
What are they doing with their free time?
Topping the charts for "happiness" in the world, ranking high as entrepreneurs, opportunity... etc.
trying to claim people would automatically use the vacated time for the greater good of society is incredibly disingenuous.
That's fair, and I didn't mean to say that. As I said, the context of the conversation was "motivated people who work twice as hard as everyone else"... I assume *those* people would find something fulfilling to do, whether its a "contribution" to society or they spend all their time climbing mountains and skydiving is beside the point -- I'm sure they'll be doing something they find interesting.
We use white space to communicate our programs' block structure to other humans. Why should we use a different syntax to tell the compiler the same information?
What -should- happen is the compiler flags when the whitespace doesn't match the semantics as an error. Then the programmer can reformat it (automatically in most cases) to match the code, or fix the code if necessary to match the formatting.
Computers should conform to the needs of humans. Full. Stop.
Agreed. And by forcing humans to manipulate whitespace directly and manually you are not conforming to the needs of humans. Full. Stop.:)
Humans cannot 'see' whitespace characters -- that's what makes them white space. Therefore it is awkward to manipulate as a result, and is easily mangled or corrupted by many tools which do not religiously preserve whitespace... because its white space... and the vast majority of tools view whitespace as token separators not semantic unto itself. And this is because this is how humans view whitespace too for the most part. So what python is doing is weird by human conventions.
We're way off in the weeds here, of course, but that's cool. I don't mind playing in the weeds.
Way out there.:)
You've defined a language that can only update eight bits at a time, and additionally you've said it updates them only in certain patterns. That's not Turing complete.
No you are mistaken.
From the point of view of the LANGUAGE, each bit is individually and directly accessible. All the language sees is
0, 1, 0, 1, 0...
The implementation of the language however, runs on x86, and uses a byte to represent each 0, and each 1. (as 00000000 and 00000001 respectively.
When the language saves a file out to disk, it writes out its binary bits one bit at a time, but they are each saved as a byte. When it reads them back in, the byte 00000001 is read, and stored in memory as 00000001 in a byte... but the language, just sees 1.
The problem if you try to write a C compiler in the language, is that as far as the language is concerned the first 8 bits of the program it compiled *IS* 11010001, however, what is in the physical computer memory to represent that is 8 bytes each 000000000 or 00000001. What gets written to the file on the disk is the same. The representation of the compiled C program I generated, is mathmatically equivalent to the actual C program... but it cannot be run as the representation is wrong.
One of the very few things required by the definition of a Turing machine is that is has to be able to update memory one value at a time
The definition of a turing machine places NO restriction on the representation of its "memory".
So you are mistaken or misunderstood what I've done. I am *absolutely* free to use arrays of 8 bit bytes that each contain one of 2 bit patterns to simulate a turing tape.
You've defined a language that can only update eight bits at a time, and additionally you've said it updates them only in certain patterns. That's not Turing complete.
The language doesn't see 8 bits at a time. The arrays of bit patterns are an implementation detail that the language is not 'aware' of.
If we want it to be Turing complete, we can interpret it as one value by saying that the LANGUAGE writes "1" and the HARD DRIVE happens to store that physically with eight molecules.
Ok... yes. Exactly Right. Except that rather than molecules I'm asserting the language simply dumps it to the hard disk using the logical file system already in place (say by Windows or Linux or whatever) the way its stored in memory... as a stream of bytes, containing one of two patterns.
. Fine. The language can write 1010101, 11111, 0000, 01010, or any other series since it's writing one value at a time. Perhaps the hard drive stores "10" physically as 1111111100000000, but the hard drive is going to read back what was written to it. Write a "1", get a "1" back.
Right again. So far so good. The language writes a "1" and it reads back a "1". Yes.
Given that the tape doesn't change what's written to it, the language can write valid machine code and get valid machine code back.
Swing and a miss... ok not a miss... foul ball.
It can read and write "valid" machine code back, subject to the constraint that we view it from within the language / language implementation. If we look at what is actually in the physical computer memory, it is not valid machine code from the physical computers perspective.
This language can compute results that are logically equivalent to machine code, but they are not actually usable as machine code. We can't simply set the ACTUAL CPU instruction pointer to the spot in physical computer memory I'm storing my compiled C program because it is just a sequence of 111111111 and 000000000... a representation of the machine code, but not usable machine code itself.
Further because the language *implementation* provides no way of setting the physical b
If you're copy-pasting enough code from web forums
Ah yes, because teaching yourself from online resources like the web is a bad idea. And one should always retype everything from scratch despite it already being more or less what you want one window over.
and emails for this to be a problem
Well, not so much in practice, because it's a waste of time, so we have to diddle around with little attachments etc because trying to put any code in the email body directly is likely to barf on itself.
It would be nice not to have to though.
I'd suggest the language is not the only thing that's idiotic.
Of course you would. Attacking my intelligence is really the only way to defend your fanboi love of phython's, despite its ridiculous semantic whitespace.
Because defending semantic whitespace on its own merits is hard.
You know what though, I'd be perfectly happy to use a C++ / C# / Javascript... IDE that validated formatting to set standard and flagged down anything that wasn't right. So you could look at it and then either fix the code to match how you formatted or (a 1000x more likely) click "automatically reformat" so the formatting matches the code.
That really gives you the best of both worlds. Assurance that the formatting reflects the semantics (a good thing), without actually defining the semantics with whitespace (the idiotic thing).
As opposed to pasting misformatted shit that causes confusion and bugs?
Yes, as opposed to that. Which almost never happens.
And I have the IDE reformat code pretty regularly (and before check-in) so the rare case of mis-formatted code that someone might actually be confused by doesn't stick around long.
Whereas in the course of maintenance and composition I mangle (or encounter mangled) python code that needs to be reformatted manually all the time.
So yeah, I'll take the almost never happens and usually is harmless scenario in other languages over the happens all the freaking time and is routinely a PITA scenario that is Python.
I'm a C++ programmer by trade but there's no way I'd wish that language on a student
Agreed. Its not a learning language.
I only wish Python would allow stricter interface constructs...
I only wish python didn't have semantic whitespace. That's it. Otherwise i like it just fine.
I want the compiler/IDE/whatever to pretty-print and reformat my code to reflect program semantics, not have me spend my time formatting it to DEFINE program semantics.
A programming language that can have its code be destroyed by copy-paste / email / web-forum formatting mangling is simply idiotic.
The fact that people often choose to run a program in a sandbox doesn't mean anything about the language(s) the program is written in.
The fact that you can theoretically put any language into a given sandbox or theoretically take it out of one is not equivalent to a real ability to actually do it in the real world today.
It's not easy in any language. It's possible in any.
Imagine a turing complete toy language which only operates on binary values. The only implementation of that language allocates a byte to hold a one or a zero. An "8 bit integer" would require 8 bytes of computer memory. Horribly wasteful I know, but its still a turing complete language.
You cannot implement an x86 C compiler in this language. (At least not today.) Not because the language itself is incapable of computing it, but the implementation of the language lacks the ability to output valid x86 C code that an x86 CPU will execute. If for example, my executable program needs to have its first byte as 110100011, this language cannot output that. I'll get
which can be shown to be mathematically equivalent by a simple function of ignoring the leading 7 bits of each byte and placing the remaining 8th bit into a single byte. BUT this language lacks the capability to actually do THAT in practice.
I could even write an x86 CPU emulator in my toy language and use it to run my "equivalent to x86 but not x86" machine code. The emulator would emulate the 32-bit CPU registers with 32 bytes each containing 1 bit, etc...
But no matter how much I twist and contort, I can't get 11010011 into a single hardware byte. I don't need to do that for the language to be turing complete, since it can *simulate* the ability to do that, without actually doing it.
And THAT is my point. Church-Turing is satisfied by simulation. A simulation of a thing isn't necessarily precisely the same thing as being able to actually do the thing directly.
Now of course, one could re-implement the language differently (allowing bits to set within a physical byte), and then one could do this. But the reimplemention would have to be done in a different language -- one simply could not bootstrap what was needed from the original implementation of the language.
I don't follow why you even think I'm arguing that mechanization could or would directly solve this problem?
Why are the children abused and neglected? Seems like there is a cycle in place -- were the parents have unmet problems -- those would need to be identified and resolved to break out of the cycle.
Clearly the fact that the neighborhood is "depressed economically" is a factor -- but the choice of economic system or degree of mechanization isn't going to automatically provide parenting, education, or hope.
Mechanization may alleviate some of the economic factors, but I don't expect it is a solution by itself.
It will be fine. The guy planting the explosives is going to be wearing a red shirt (for safety). Last name was Smith or Jones or something, didn't catch the first name.
Excellent! Then it WILL be fine. At least for me. Not for him maybe, but he won't be missed, we barely knew him.
Is nothing. I concluded my post with the observation that there are lots of genuine problems with communism. This is one of them. You've provided an example, good job.
The hypothetical solution to this problem is mechanized labor of sufficient sophistication that it can perform these jobs. The availability of this automated labor, in sufficient quantities such that humans do not HAVE to clean sewers or haul trash etc. A post-scarcity society.
This is exactly the mentality that escalates to murdering those who work harder than others in order to reap larger rewards.
No, its really not.
You call everyone who fits that bill "criminals."
Calling them "criminals" was to illustrate a point. That's what any society calls any one who violates the rules of society for any reason -- good or bad, well intentioned or not.
A person who takes excess wealth from the obscenely rich and gives it to those who cannot afford hood. (aka Robin Hood) is very well intentioned... but he's also indisputably a criminal. While the obscenely wealthy man who watches his neighbors die in the street, while engaging in gluttony, he is a fine upstanding citizen.
Should robin hood be the criminal? Should the glutton be the upstanding citizen? Those are the rules of our current society.
In a communism, yes, the person who works harder(*) and expects to be rewarded beyond his share of the wealth would be a criminal.
First, you reacted as though this was barbaric, unjust, and tantamount to murder. But why? What is the inherent good in taking more than an even share? How is that heroic?
Second, you assert he "worked harder". That is a common presumption in your sort of argument. But did he? Maybe he was just born smarter, and he was able to discover better ways of doing things, without working harder at all. Should he be elevated above all his peers, or should everyone be elevated by his discovery? Which outcome is more heroic?
Or perhaps he doesn't work very hard at all, and still wishes to receive a greater share of the wealth? Is that also heroic?
What if he can trick you into thinking he does something particularly valuable, has he earned a greater share of the wealth?
What if he's nothing special in any regard at all, perhaps even a bit lazier and duller than normal, but his grandparents on his mom's side were quite clever and they ammassed some extra wealth, what is your argument that suggests he entitled a life of luxury?
. A carpenter who works twice as many hours should not have the excess taken from him simply because the average carpenter works half as long.
You've loaded the argument backwards. In a true communism he is not paid directly for his labor in the first place. So the amount he receives in the first place simply doesn't correspond to the hours he worked. There is no excess wealth he gains that is "taken away". In that society he doesn't view working longer as a way of "getting more" stuff, as the two simply aren't connected.
I work twice as long in number of hours tilling fields and planting crops. As a result, I produce twice as much as anyone else. According to you, I'm a criminal for having twice the income.
In a true communism, that would only be true if you tried to withhold the crops from the commune for some reason. Given the crop yield, like everything else, is communal property, if you work twice as hard and produce twice the crop, the commune as whole is a bit wealthier. Not you.
And you are not a criminal, but likely respected by your peers for contributing so much.
Now you can ask me why, in such a system, you would feel -motivated- to work twice as hard if it just makes the commune as a whole, instead of yourself, slightly wealthier, and that's a perfectly valid question.
You probably wouldn't feel motivated to work twice as hard and spend 20 hours a day in the fields.
Why is that "bad"?
I expect you would be motivated to do something else with that time... create music or art, teach the children to fish or program computers, or perhaps you will experiment with new farming techniques to try and discover a better way of farming so that commune will collectively have to work even less, enabling everyone to spend even more time on non-farming pursuits... or whatever else you find personally fulfilling instead of trying to amass excess wealth.
Do you have an example in mind of two languages that can do very different things?
Postscript is Turing complete. Now go write an interpreter for C / C++ with it, and use it to play Call of Duty.
You can write an interpreter for C/C++ with it.
Hypothetically speaking it would compile and run the source code for Call of Duty.
Practically speaking however, it would not work. This abomination would not have access to directX, game controller inputs, sound, multiplayer / networking because postscript doesn't have those things, and therefore the interpreted C code would not have those things.
Those things aren't required to be Turing Complete, but they are required to play Call of Duty on a modern PC precisely the same way one might play it.
You could create something mathematically equivalent of the computation required for Call of Duty, but you could not "play" it precisely the same way.
If one were to build the relevant api/libraries and make them available to postscript then you could, but that doesn't exist right now and its worth pointing out that those graphics, sound, networking, and input APIs could not themselves be written entirely in postscript.
So while postscript and C are mathematically equivalent in a Church-Turing thesis sense they really aren't equivalent on real hardware in the real world.
You could not start with what is in the world today, and writing postscript, only postscript code, and nothing else, come up with a playable call of duty.
On a physical keypad maybe. Not the one on my phone, where the slighest bit of alignment can result in a bad entry.... trebly true if we're talking passphrases using the alpha numeric keyboard.
Muscle memory is an assist, not a complete solution.
If you disagree, kindly tell me what you do with people in your ideal communist society who want to put in above-average effort, and reap the extra rewards.
How are those *fundamentally* different from the people in my current society who want to take more than their allocated reward? Pretty sure we don't MURDER them.
Exiling the motivated will simply rapidly impoverish those that remain.
Calling them "the motivated" is a fallacy out of the gate. It has naught to do with motivation, and everything to do with them being criminals by the standards of the society.
I know plenty of people who are motivated to produce art, music, entertainment, and science for little to no unreasonable 'extra' reward beyond what they could otherwise earn for less effort. They do it because they enjoy these pursuits. You seem to discount them existing and suggest that the only reason anyone is motivated is so that they can "reap all fruits" for themselves. This is not the sole source of motivation, and it is arguably not the best source either.
Take a small commune of farmers, one farmer smarter than the others, discovers a technique to improve production -- shares it with the others, and they all benefit from increased leisure time. Why do you argue he would be NECESSARILY not motivated to do this? Because he doesn't gain an edge over his peers? That's absurd.
Communisum has a lot of real problems but having to "murder" people who are "motivated" is not one of them.
..and you've been told more than once that they do.
Ah well, that's settled then.
Then again...
âoeI went to Geico, filled out an application and told them I was going to transport people,â he says. âoeThe application was declined as âundesirable.â(TM)â
[...]
You can see my dilemma. It seems to me the only way to comply with Uber by getting personal insurance would be to misrepresent my use of the vehicle, which I do not feel comfortable with. My conclusion from this indicates that if there were claims against a TNC driver and the insurance company found out that the true use of the vehicle was falsified, they would deny coverage.
[...]
Last week on the Lyft Lounge, a Facebook meeting area for drivers, one member posted a cancellation notice she received from Geico. The termination was for âoecommercial use of your 2012 Toyota Prius.â
[...]
Because of the fear over such cancellations, at least some ride-service drivers have kept their status a secret from their insurance companies.
[...]
Said another driver: âoeI donâ(TM)t think I should let my insurance company know because Iâ(TM)ll probably get dropped.â
[...]
âoeMany insurers donâ(TM)t know their customers are involved in these kinds of program,â says Pete Moraga of the Insurance Information Network of California. âoeIf these drivers arenâ(TM)t telling their insurers, thereâ(TM)s no way for them to know.â
Slashdot Mirror
You do not get the car if you manage to hack into it.
I guess that depends how well he hacks it. :p
Forced charity is not charity.
That doesn't answer the question.
There is enough food in the world right now to feed everyone. Does that mean everyone should eat? No. Some should die.
I'm not necessarily a fan of everyone on the planet, but I'm not convinced "some should die" simply due to food allocation difficulties.
While that food is edible, it has value. That value belongs to someone.
Unless it belongs to everyone. Like oxygen, nobody holds individual claim to it. There is nothing "inherently right" (or wrong) about something belonging to someone. If there were enough food that you could have all you wanted, would you really wander around saying "this food is mine", "this food is mine"... is that how you treat air? Of course not.
Remember, I harvest for ME. If you expect me to harvest for you, you are sadly mistaken
I don't expect you to spend time harvesting food at all. Let the 'bots do it. Help yourself to as much as you feel like eating. Treat it like air. Now, yes, if you take more than you can eat, pile it in your cave and then jealously guard so much of it that others are starting to suffer.. then yeah... you deserve to be treated like criminal, and a nutter, because you would be one.
Imagine if you did that with air, walked into a building, and starting sucking all the oxygen out to the point others couldn't breathe, while ranting about how you harvest for you. And everyone is looking at you like you are off your rocker, because if you want some air, just breathe. There's plenty. Of course you'd be locked up as a criminal.
Soon (geologically speaking), there will NOT be enough clean air full of oxygen to breathe, at that point, it becomes a scarce resource.
Possibly. Not necessarily. But either way you are missing the point -- the point was that food and energy could become as ubiquitous as oxygen is today, not that oxygen might become scarce enough to start hoarding.
Either eventuality is possible, which one are you working towards?
I do not begrudge anyone anything they have earned for themselves.
And I don't begrudge anyone clean air, whether they've worked for it or not, and if we could support public works projects to deliver limitless energy and abundant food I wouldn't begrudge stoners and layabouts that either.
To you, he is a criminal.
Not at all. Now if we had sufficient food and energy for all and Johnny Depp decided to hoard more than he could use simply to deprive others from having enough, then he would be a criminal. Why would Johnny Depp do that though? Why would anyone? Except a criminal or a nutcase.
you can make food and energy available like that, more power to you
As a species we've continually generated more food and more energy with increasingly less effort. If the trend continues (and why shouldn't it?) then eventually the labour of one person working the equivalent of one day can through the magic of technology and science produce enough food and power for the world.
Somehow or another, I expect that you want to make food and energy available like that by taking from others
Why would I want that?
Long story short, even if food, shelter, and clothing were freely available due to some unforeseen technological advance, I would be totally happy with that. If you think that just because there is enough food, shelter, and clothing existing in this world to feed everybody that you can take it from those who made it and own it to give to everyone else, I would say you are smoking crack.
You keep circling around to it being something that you are going to be making, with sweat pouring from your brow, and god forbid anyone else touch the fruits of your labor. Jeebus, let it go, nobody wants your sweaty food. I'm not even sure why you want it so badly. In a world where enough is produced by autmated labor that it can be consumed the way we consume oxygen now -- what is the p
Going through pointless rituals, just in case, and because it won't do any harm, is religion, not computer science.
Gotcha. Security shouldn't be layered or redundant. As long you've got one method that should be secure your good right.
I ran servers that were vulnerable to heartbleed. However, damage was effectively mitigated because although they were on the public facing internet, connections were logged through a gateway, and firewalls strictly limited the ip addresses that could make connections at all.
Wasn't all that witch doctor chicken bones? If OpenSSL had been without flaws, those extra layers wouldn't have mattered.
Are you really willing to put all your trust in truecrypt or whatever you like to use, in a situation you don't have to? If its encrypted and there are no backdoors or weaknesses in the implementation then encrypted SHOULD be good enough... but that's a big IF. Why take the chance if you don't have to?
That's not religion. That's common sense.
Are you saying that the only reason he works hard is so that he can keep other people poor?
Not at all, that is not an inference that was intended at all.
It is not important that everyone else not have what he has.
But yet it IS important that he get more than an average person? Your original response made it abundantly clear that he should get more than his peers. Regardless of how much everyone else has, your friend should get MORE?
"MORE" is a relative term; that only has meaning when compared to someone else. You didn't argue that your friend should be able to work hard to get the things that he wants -- you argued your friend should be able to work hard to get MORE than other people.
He is motivated to do what he does because more resources grant him more security and more interesting situations.
EXACTLY. This is what I expected.
I asked those leading questions to illustrate what you suggested with your argument, where you implied he need to get MORE. I expanded that to its inevitable conclusion. But he doesn't really need or want MORE at all does he?
So he would not care whether or not everyone had an equal share of wealth, provided he can get what he wants for himself: sufficient security, and the ability to pursue the opportunities that interest him, and so forth. That would satisfy him.
So it seems he'd be perfectly happy if the average were sufficiently higher, such that he was secure and was able to pursue those interesting situations.
Is demanding that others be inappropriately rewarded a positive personality trait? No.
Define "inappropriately rewarded". Because without context you just wrote that sharing and charity are both negative personality traits.
Reality says that there are limited resources.
Finite yes. But is there less then enough? What if there was enough.
There is only so much food
What if mechanization produced more than we all could eat?
only so much energy
What if we advanced and harnessed enough via fusion or solar or whatever to provide all we need, not just what I need, but enough for everyone to have enough?
only so much oxygen
That's a good example, of something that there currently IS enough of. Nobody has to pay for it. Do you think people who work harder should get more? Do you think layabouts should get less? Do you really have any objection to there being enough clean oxygen for everyone to breath as much they like?
I am perfectly fine with people carving resources out for themselves. I am not okay with people taking resources from the people who are gathering those resources because those people feel that they deserve something just for being alive.
Do you go around carving oxygen out for yourself? Imagine food and energy were available like that. Would you begrudge other people food and energy if you had all you wanted?
I can guarantee you that if you and your friends come to take what me and my friends have created, we will kill you. Thieves are weak. Builders are strong. You have no chance.
Wow, that was a left turn into nutjob absurdity just there at the end. Lets just pretend you didn't go there.
Now explain to me why he should be rewarded the same as someone who does not do what he does
Firstly, you cherry picked your friend out of the teeming masses of people who work hard and said "hey this guys doing really great and he works really hard, why doesn't he deserve it!?" Of course he deserves it. I'm not saying he doesn't.
Now go back to that teeming mass of humanity and look at all the people who work just as hard and are living in a one bedroom apartment trying to make ends meet. Do they not also deserve better? Why does your friend deserve 200k per year and they don't?
Trust me, your friend isn't more motivated. He just got lucky. That's not to say the choices he made were not a factor, or the fact that he works hard is not a factor. They absolutely shifted the odds in his favor and he deserves recognition for the effort... but he could just have easily been unsuccessful in spite of his "hard work". Lots of people are.
For just one example of thousands, your friend could have randomly contracted cancer at a young age and it would have completely changed the direction of his life. Lets assume he's still be the same motivated hard working guy today... the years in treatment would have taken their toll, lost opportunities... time away from work and school for treatment, etc...would he have ended up precisely where he is today if he'd had a 7 year struggle with cancer in his early 20s? Its doubtful.
Secondly, the way you've phrased the question, it seems that its not merely sufficient that your friend be satisfied with the quality of his life for its own sake, but that its especially important that he get MORE than most other people? Can you explain to me why you feel its so important that everyone else not have the things your friend has? Would your friends enjoyment of his life be diminished if more other people were rewarded the same as him?
Does your friend really value getting more than you that highly? Is that really the only reason he's motivated to do what he does? Just to have more than the people around him? Is that really a positive personality trait? A virtue? Something humanity should put on a pedestal and say "be like that"?
Why?
I really really really am hoping that you are talking about those people who inherited their money and use their position of power to reap more power rather than talking about my friend who is actually working
You raise an issue here unintentionally -- that only further illustrates the level of blind luck success really is.
Not only do you have bright motivated hard working people who are not successful, we have wealthy people who have done nothing at all.
And this is the system you favor? Because sometimes, if you are lucky (or at least not unlucky), working hard pays off, but probably far less than many of your wealthy peers simply inherited? And if you get unlucky... well... sucks to be you. That's your idea of a good system?
Because throwing the keys away on an encrypted drive is more secure than overwriting an unencrypted drive with zeros, as the data recovery experts will be glad to tell you.
But that's a false choice. There is a 3rd option... do both.
Take your most private information, encrypt it, and put it on a flash drive.
Then go and sell or give that flash drive away to someone else.
Are you really going to say... well they don't have the keys, so we're good. Here you go. And hand them all your data intact (but encrypted).
Or would you maybe just maybe think, yeah its encyrpted... but why tempt fate? Maybe I'll erase it first.
I mean is there any good reason NOT to erase it first?
But it is a real world coding language.
For sure.
The reason C++ is a bad learning language is that its overwhelmingly complicated -- both the syntax due to all the extensions, but also the evolution of the standard libraries with tons of ways of doing the same thing, and then throw backs for close but not quite 100% complete compatibility with C.
It's really beneficial to approach C/C++ with already having a grounding in structured programming, data structures, etc. And ideally a course in C without C++ so you can see where one ends and the other begins. (And its also a smaller bite to chew.)
I came to C/C++ by way of BASIC then Pascal then C/C++ (self taught in high school) and while that's not really a modern route to take, I think the idea still holds. By the way, the order of languages I was exposed to in university, was Modula2, Lisp, Java, then C++, and then various other courses were in special purpose languages ML, Smalltalk, Verilog, Visual Basic, Maple, there was a course I took that used some pseudo assembler language I've forgotten the name of, and probably a few more I've forgotten about completely. I think I graduated pretty well rounded in terms of exposure to different programming paradigms, which is what I think the program was trying to achieve rather than mastery in any given language.
It sounds like the course you are describing is a more advanced algorithms class -- implementing quicksort, or shortest path finding in graphs... so everyone in it should already know how to program. And C++ honestly sounds like a suitable language to teach that stuff with.
You assume that the majority of people are going to use that free time contributing to society.
I assume no such thing. We were only talking about *motivated* people. The one's who wouldn't be satisified by lounging about drinking beer and watching TV.
What are they doing with their free time?
Topping the charts for "happiness" in the world, ranking high as entrepreneurs, opportunity... etc.
trying to claim people would automatically use the vacated time for the greater good of society is incredibly disingenuous.
That's fair, and I didn't mean to say that. As I said, the context of the conversation was "motivated people who work twice as hard as everyone else"... I assume *those* people would find something fulfilling to do, whether its a "contribution" to society or they spend all their time climbing mountains and skydiving is beside the point -- I'm sure they'll be doing something they find interesting.
We use white space to communicate our programs' block structure to other humans. Why should we use a different syntax to tell the compiler the same information?
What -should- happen is the compiler flags when the whitespace doesn't match the semantics as an error. Then the programmer can reformat it (automatically in most cases) to match the code, or fix the code if necessary to match the formatting.
Computers should conform to the needs of humans. Full. Stop.
Agreed. And by forcing humans to manipulate whitespace directly and manually you are not conforming to the needs of humans. Full. Stop. :)
Humans cannot 'see' whitespace characters -- that's what makes them white space. Therefore it is awkward to manipulate as a result, and is easily mangled or corrupted by many tools which do not religiously preserve whitespace... because its white space ... and the vast majority of tools view whitespace as token separators not semantic unto itself. And this is because this is how humans view whitespace too for the most part. So what python is doing is weird by human conventions.
We're way off in the weeds here, of course, but that's cool. I don't mind playing in the weeds.
Way out there. :)
You've defined a language that can only update eight bits at a time, and additionally you've said it updates them only in certain patterns. That's not Turing complete.
No you are mistaken.
From the point of view of the LANGUAGE, each bit is individually and directly accessible. All the language sees is
0, 1, 0, 1, 0 ...
The implementation of the language however, runs on x86, and uses a byte to represent each 0, and each 1. (as 00000000 and 00000001 respectively.
When the language saves a file out to disk, it writes out its binary bits one bit at a time, but they are each saved as a byte. When it reads them back in, the byte 00000001 is read, and stored in memory as 00000001 in a byte... but the language, just sees 1.
The problem if you try to write a C compiler in the language, is that as far as the language is concerned the first 8 bits of the program it compiled *IS* 11010001, however, what is in the physical computer memory to represent that is 8 bytes each 000000000 or 00000001. What gets written to the file on the disk is the same. The representation of the compiled C program I generated, is mathmatically equivalent to the actual C program ... but it cannot be run as the representation is wrong.
One of the very few things required by the definition of a Turing machine is that is has to be able to update memory one value at a time
The definition of a turing machine places NO restriction on the representation of its "memory".
So you are mistaken or misunderstood what I've done. I am *absolutely* free to use arrays of 8 bit bytes that each contain one of 2 bit patterns to simulate a turing tape.
You've defined a language that can only update eight bits at a time, and additionally you've said it updates them only in certain patterns. That's not Turing complete.
The language doesn't see 8 bits at a time. The arrays of bit patterns are an implementation detail that the language is not 'aware' of.
If we want it to be Turing complete, we can interpret it as one value by saying that the LANGUAGE writes "1" and the HARD DRIVE happens to store that physically with eight molecules.
Ok... yes. Exactly Right. Except that rather than molecules I'm asserting the language simply dumps it to the hard disk using the logical file system already in place (say by Windows or Linux or whatever) the way its stored in memory... as a stream of bytes, containing one of two patterns.
. Fine. The language can write 1010101, 11111, 0000, 01010, or any other series since it's writing one value at a time. Perhaps the hard drive stores "10" physically as 1111111100000000, but the hard drive is going to read back what was written to it. Write a "1", get a "1" back.
Right again. So far so good. The language writes a "1" and it reads back a "1". Yes.
Given that the tape doesn't change what's written to it, the language can write valid machine code and get valid machine code back.
Swing and a miss... ok not a miss... foul ball.
It can read and write "valid" machine code back, subject to the constraint that we view it from within the language / language implementation. If we look at what is actually in the physical computer memory, it is not valid machine code from the physical computers perspective.
This language can compute results that are logically equivalent to machine code, but they are not actually usable as machine code. We can't simply set the ACTUAL CPU instruction pointer to the spot in physical computer memory I'm storing my compiled C program because it is just a sequence of 111111111 and 000000000 ... a representation of the machine code, but not usable machine code itself.
Further because the language *implementation* provides no way of setting the physical b
If you're copy-pasting enough code from web forums
Ah yes, because teaching yourself from online resources like the web is a bad idea. And one should always retype everything from scratch despite it already being more or less what you want one window over.
and emails for this to be a problem
Well, not so much in practice, because it's a waste of time, so we have to diddle around with little attachments etc because trying to put any code in the email body directly is likely to barf on itself.
It would be nice not to have to though.
I'd suggest the language is not the only thing that's idiotic.
Of course you would. Attacking my intelligence is really the only way to defend your fanboi love of phython's, despite its ridiculous semantic whitespace.
Because defending semantic whitespace on its own merits is hard.
You know what though, I'd be perfectly happy to use a C++ / C# / Javascript ... IDE that validated formatting to set standard and flagged down anything that wasn't right. So you could look at it and then either fix the code to match how you formatted or (a 1000x more likely) click "automatically reformat" so the formatting matches the code.
That really gives you the best of both worlds. Assurance that the formatting reflects the semantics (a good thing), without actually defining the semantics with whitespace (the idiotic thing).
As opposed to pasting misformatted shit that causes confusion and bugs?
Yes, as opposed to that. Which almost never happens.
And I have the IDE reformat code pretty regularly (and before check-in) so the rare case of mis-formatted code that someone might actually be confused by doesn't stick around long.
Whereas in the course of maintenance and composition I mangle (or encounter mangled) python code that needs to be reformatted manually all the time.
So yeah, I'll take the almost never happens and usually is harmless scenario in other languages over the happens all the freaking time and is routinely a PITA scenario that is Python.
I'm a C++ programmer by trade but there's no way I'd wish that language on a student
Agreed. Its not a learning language.
I only wish Python would allow stricter interface constructs...
I only wish python didn't have semantic whitespace. That's it. Otherwise i like it just fine.
I want the compiler/IDE/whatever to pretty-print and reformat my code to reflect program semantics, not have me spend my time formatting it to DEFINE program semantics.
A programming language that can have its code be destroyed by copy-paste / email / web-forum formatting mangling is simply idiotic.
The fact that people often choose to run a program in a sandbox doesn't mean anything about the language(s) the program is written in.
The fact that you can theoretically put any language into a given sandbox or theoretically take it out of one is not equivalent to a real ability to actually do it in the real world today.
It's not easy in any language. It's possible in any.
Imagine a turing complete toy language which only operates on binary values. The only implementation of that language allocates a byte to hold a one or a zero. An "8 bit integer" would require 8 bytes of computer memory. Horribly wasteful I know, but its still a turing complete language.
You cannot implement an x86 C compiler in this language. (At least not today.) Not because the language itself is incapable of computing it, but the implementation of the language lacks the ability to output valid x86 C code that an x86 CPU will execute. If for example, my executable program needs to have its first byte as 110100011, this language cannot output that. I'll get
00000001, 00000001, 00000000, 00000001, 00000000, 00000000, 00000000, 00000001
which can be shown to be mathematically equivalent by a simple function of ignoring the leading 7 bits of each byte and placing the remaining 8th bit into a single byte. BUT this language lacks the capability to actually do THAT in practice.
I could even write an x86 CPU emulator in my toy language and use it to run my "equivalent to x86 but not x86" machine code. The emulator would emulate the 32-bit CPU registers with 32 bytes each containing 1 bit, etc...
But no matter how much I twist and contort, I can't get 11010011 into a single hardware byte. I don't need to do that for the language to be turing complete, since it can *simulate* the ability to do that, without actually doing it.
And THAT is my point. Church-Turing is satisfied by simulation. A simulation of a thing isn't necessarily precisely the same thing as being able to actually do the thing directly.
Now of course, one could re-implement the language differently (allowing bits to set within a physical byte), and then one could do this. But the reimplemention would have to be done in a different language -- one simply could not bootstrap what was needed from the original implementation of the language.
Despite it being Turing complete.
I don't follow why you even think I'm arguing that mechanization could or would directly solve this problem?
Why are the children abused and neglected? Seems like there is a cycle in place -- were the parents have unmet problems -- those would need to be identified and resolved to break out of the cycle.
Clearly the fact that the neighborhood is "depressed economically" is a factor -- but the choice of economic system or degree of mechanization isn't going to automatically provide parenting, education, or hope.
Mechanization may alleviate some of the economic factors, but I don't expect it is a solution by itself.
It will be fine. The guy planting the explosives is going to be wearing a red shirt (for safety). Last name was Smith or Jones or something, didn't catch the first name.
Excellent! Then it WILL be fine. At least for me.
Not for him maybe, but he won't be missed, we barely knew him.
What level of mechanization makes it possible?
Essentially: post-scarcity of labor as a mechanized resource.
Humans won't be required to perform labor to produce food, shelter, and menial maintenance tasks.
In such a hypothetical society it makes sense for the society to collectively own that mechanized army of labor.
The problem with your assessment is that...
Is nothing. I concluded my post with the observation that there are lots of genuine problems with communism. This is one of them. You've provided an example, good job.
The hypothetical solution to this problem is mechanized labor of sufficient sophistication that it can perform these jobs. The availability of this automated labor, in sufficient quantities such that humans do not HAVE to clean sewers or haul trash etc. A post-scarcity society.
This is exactly the mentality that escalates to murdering those who work harder than others in order to reap larger rewards.
No, its really not.
You call everyone who fits that bill "criminals."
Calling them "criminals" was to illustrate a point. That's what any society calls any one who violates the rules of society for any reason -- good or bad, well intentioned or not.
A person who takes excess wealth from the obscenely rich and gives it to those who cannot afford hood. (aka Robin Hood) is very well intentioned ... but he's also indisputably a criminal. While the obscenely wealthy man who watches his neighbors die in the street, while engaging in gluttony, he is a fine upstanding citizen.
Should robin hood be the criminal? Should the glutton be the upstanding citizen? Those are the rules of our current society.
In a communism, yes, the person who works harder(*) and expects to be rewarded beyond his share of the wealth would be a criminal.
First, you reacted as though this was barbaric, unjust, and tantamount to murder. But why? What is the inherent good in taking more than an even share? How is that heroic?
Second, you assert he "worked harder". That is a common presumption in your sort of argument. But did he? Maybe he was just born smarter, and he was able to discover better ways of doing things, without working harder at all. Should he be elevated above all his peers, or should everyone be elevated by his discovery? Which outcome is more heroic?
Or perhaps he doesn't work very hard at all, and still wishes to receive a greater share of the wealth? Is that also heroic?
What if he can trick you into thinking he does something particularly valuable, has he earned a greater share of the wealth?
What if he's nothing special in any regard at all, perhaps even a bit lazier and duller than normal, but his grandparents on his mom's side were quite clever and they ammassed some extra wealth, what is your argument that suggests he entitled a life of luxury?
. A carpenter who works twice as many hours should not have the excess taken from him simply because the average carpenter works half as long.
You've loaded the argument backwards. In a true communism he is not paid directly for his labor in the first place. So the amount he receives in the first place simply doesn't correspond to the hours he worked. There is no excess wealth he gains that is "taken away". In that society he doesn't view working longer as a way of "getting more" stuff, as the two simply aren't connected.
I work twice as long in number of hours tilling fields and planting crops. As a result, I produce twice as
much as anyone else. According to you, I'm a criminal for having twice the income.
In a true communism, that would only be true if you tried to withhold the crops from the commune for some reason. Given the crop yield, like everything else, is communal property, if you work twice as hard and produce twice the crop, the commune as whole is a bit wealthier. Not you.
And you are not a criminal, but likely respected by your peers for contributing so much.
Now you can ask me why, in such a system, you would feel -motivated- to work twice as hard if it just makes the commune as a whole, instead of yourself, slightly wealthier, and that's a perfectly valid question.
You probably wouldn't feel motivated to work twice as hard and spend 20 hours a day in the fields.
Why is that "bad"?
I expect you would be motivated to do something else with that time... create music or art, teach the children to fish or program computers, or perhaps you will experiment with new farming techniques to try and discover a better way of farming so that commune will collectively have to work even less, enabling everyone to spend even more time on non-farming pursuits... or whatever else you find personally fulfilling instead of trying to amass excess wealth.
Are you going to try to convince me
If an interpreter for language A can be written in language B, then B can therefore do everything A does, by running that interpreter.
Mathematically speaking yes. Practically speaking no.
Do you have an example in mind of two languages that can do very different things?
Postscript is Turing complete. Now go write an interpreter for C / C++ with it, and use it to play Call of Duty.
You can write an interpreter for C/C++ with it.
Hypothetically speaking it would compile and run the source code for Call of Duty.
Practically speaking however, it would not work. This abomination would not have access to directX, game controller inputs, sound, multiplayer / networking because postscript doesn't have those things, and therefore the interpreted C code would not have those things.
Those things aren't required to be Turing Complete, but they are required to play Call of Duty on a modern PC precisely the same way one might play it.
You could create something mathematically equivalent of the computation required for Call of Duty, but you could not "play" it precisely the same way.
If one were to build the relevant api/libraries and make them available to postscript then you could, but that doesn't exist right now and its worth pointing out that those graphics, sound, networking, and input APIs could not themselves be written entirely in postscript.
So while postscript and C are mathematically equivalent in a Church-Turing thesis sense they really aren't equivalent on real hardware in the real world.
You could not start with what is in the world today, and writing postscript, only postscript code, and nothing else, come up with a playable call of duty.
On a physical keypad maybe. Not the one on my phone, where the slighest bit of alignment can result in a bad entry.... trebly true if we're talking passphrases using the alpha numeric keyboard.
Muscle memory is an assist, not a complete solution.
If you disagree, kindly tell me what you do with people in your ideal communist society who want to put in above-average effort, and reap the extra rewards.
How are those *fundamentally* different from the people in my current society who want to take more than their allocated reward? Pretty sure we don't MURDER them.
Exiling the motivated will simply rapidly impoverish those that remain.
Calling them "the motivated" is a fallacy out of the gate. It has naught to do with motivation, and everything to do with them being criminals by the standards of the society.
I know plenty of people who are motivated to produce art, music, entertainment, and science for little to no unreasonable 'extra' reward beyond what they could otherwise earn for less effort. They do it because they enjoy these pursuits. You seem to discount them existing and suggest that the only reason anyone is motivated is so that they can "reap all fruits" for themselves. This is not the sole source of motivation, and it is arguably not the best source either.
Take a small commune of farmers, one farmer smarter than the others, discovers a technique to improve production -- shares it with the others, and they all benefit from increased leisure time. Why do you argue he would be NECESSARILY not motivated to do this? Because he doesn't gain an edge over his peers? That's absurd.
Communisum has a lot of real problems but having to "murder" people who are "motivated" is not one of them.
..and you've been told more than once that they do.
Ah well, that's settled then.
Then again...
âoeI went to Geico, filled out an application and told them I was going to transport people,â he says. âoeThe application was declined as âundesirable.â(TM)â
[...]
You can see my dilemma. It seems to me the only way to comply with Uber by getting personal insurance would be to misrepresent my use of the vehicle, which I do not feel comfortable with. My conclusion from this indicates that if there were claims against a TNC driver and the insurance company found out that the true use of the vehicle was falsified, they would deny coverage.
[...]
Last week on the Lyft Lounge, a Facebook meeting area for drivers, one member posted a cancellation notice she received from Geico. The termination was for âoecommercial use of your 2012 Toyota Prius.â
[...]
Because of the fear over such cancellations, at least some ride-service drivers have kept their status a secret from their insurance companies.
[...]
Said another driver: âoeI donâ(TM)t think I should let my insurance company know because Iâ(TM)ll probably get dropped.â
[...]
âoeMany insurers donâ(TM)t know their customers are involved in these kinds of program,â says Pete Moraga of the Insurance Information Network of California. âoeIf these drivers arenâ(TM)t telling their insurers, thereâ(TM)s no way for them to know.â
http://blogs.kqed.org/newsfix/...
That doesnt seem to have stopped you from continuing to be in the "question" state instead of the "answered" state.
I think moving to the "answered" state as you propose seems more than a little premature, don't you?
I don't see a table with those stats. I don't see a pie graph at all. Unity and Cinnamon aren't even mentioned on the page.
This is the link I'm visting, copy/pasted from the GP post
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...
The wikipedia article you cite doesn't include those numbers. It doesn't even MENTION Unity or Cinnamon, nevermind give marketshare percentages.
I'll give you the benefit of the doubt that you simply cited the wrong link... but I can't verify you numbers, and frankly find them suspect.