Deep Algorithms?

Stridar writes "A paper presented in a recent article quotes Donald Knuth as saying the computer science has 500 deep algorithms. He mentions that Euclid's algorithm is one of the most important, and he seems to agree with the idea that CS will be mature when it has 1000 deep algorithms. What I would like to ask Slashdot is the following. What are the most important algorithms in CS? What is your favorite algorithm? And finally, what are the outstanding problems for which algorithms would be immediately placed in the "Top 1000" category." We had an older story where two scientists picked their top ten algorithms.