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Theoretical Physics Breakthrough or Hoax?

Brooklyn Bob writes "Ever get the feeling that some theoretical physics papers just don't make sense? According to this New York Times article, you may be right. Genius or gibberish? Who knows?" This belongs on your virtual refrigerator with nice big virtual magnet.

9 of 305 comments (clear)

  1. For those who still don't have registration... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative
    1. Re:For those who still don't have registration... by The+Original+Yama · · Score: 3, Informative

      You'll probably understand things a little better if you read this article first. It explains the supposed "hoax" that is referred to in the NYT story.

  2. Re:Physics is weird! by Peyna · · Score: 4, Informative

    Did you read the article? It clear that these guys have a shady past at best, previously guilty of plagiarism. Also, a few other noted scientists stated that these guys 'do not know how to do physics' based on their conversations with them. Most of physics does make sense because it is basic laws of motion and gravity. The stuff that is hard for most people to understand are things like quantum physics and theoretical physics.

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  3. E-mail with more info on hoax by ahaile · · Score: 5, Informative
    The NYT article mentions "e-mails bouncing around the web." Here's one with a bit more info. I received it as below, so I don't know who the original sender was:

    Date: Tue, 22 Oct 2002 22:56:42 -0400 (EDT)

    Subject: Hoax: Alan Sokol phenomenon reversed

    Sometime ago Alan Sokol et al wrote a completely meaningless article on quantum gravity which was accepted by a leading, refereed "deconstructionist journal". Physicists laughed because the hoax was at the deconstructionists' expense.

    But now there is is an inverse Sokol hoax in which, apparently, two reporters interviewd a lot of string theorists, wrote meaningless but "right sounding" papers and even got a Ph.D. Details below. What is particularly sad is that a key paper appeared in CQG:

    Class. Quantum Grav. 18 (7 November 2001) 4341-4372

    Topological field theory of the initial singularity of spacetime*

    Grichka Bogdanov and Igor Bogdanov
    Mathematical Physics Laboratory, CNRS UPRES A 5029, Bourgogne
    University,
    France

    The trouble is that the abstract seems indistinguishable from standard stringy papers. I understand that the CQG Editorial Board already discussed this hoax but found that the paper had been refereed by two reputable string theorists.

    More details:
    ----
    From Max Niedemayer to Ted Newman

    # 1.
    I always thought Sokal's hoax would also work in theoretical high energy physics. Now there is experimental proof.

    Two brothers, Igor and Grichka Bogdanoff, journalists and science fiction writers, both in their late 40's, decided it is high time to earn a PhD, and that this should be just as easy in `stringy' high energy physics as it alledgedly is in sociology.

    First they interviewed a number of prominent French string theorists in order to accquire the lingo, then (apparently without help from a trained physicist) spoofed two theses. To prepare the ground for their defense they spread rumors of them being geniuses and their theses being a milestone in theoretical physics. Although the official PhD awarding institution is only the (so far not too renowned) Universite de Bourgogne the members of the thesis committee certainly make up for it: R. Jackiw (MIT), J. Morava (John Hopkins), S. Majid (Cambridge), C. Kounnas (ENS), I. Antoniadis (CERN and Ecole Polytechnique), and others. For the actual defense they rented a hall in the prestigeous Ecole Polytechnique, arranged a big dinner with the president, invited the TV, ... and passed gloriously. The thesis can be found on the offical CNRS server (http://www.ccsd.cnrs.fr/). Already the abstract is a delightfully meaningless combination of buzzwords, that almost beats Sokal's, but which apparently has been taken seriously by the committee!

    The bad side of the joke is, that it might hurt theoretical physics in general. The CNRS apparently even contemplates to split the present theoretical physics division into a pure mathematics and an experimental physics branch. Theoretical physics, being now more fiction than science, is meant to be entertained by professionals in that area. Hopefully the Bogdanoff ``singularity invariant'' for the ``topological expansion phase'' of the universe will provide a way out ...

    I'll keep you informed. Best regards,

    -- Max

    2.
    Dear Ted,
    sure you can show the letter to others. Let me stress however (and maybe you should too) that this is not first hand information. A person who has first hand information is J. Magnen, from the Ecole Polytechnique. He works on constructive QFT and was not personally involved. The issue was apparently discussed in the French National Research Council, where Peter Forgacs is a member, and he is my source.

    A small correction. In the last minute it seems the theses were not accepted at the Ecole Polytechnique, but only later by the University
    of Bourgogne. The TV was also not permitted to the actual defense, but several people here saw reports on the Bogdanoff brothers decribing them as outstanding geniuses.

    The theses and the committee members can be looked up on the web at http://www.ccsd.cnrs.fr/

    All the best,

    -- Max

    ----
    HOAX THESIS:
    Abstract in english:

    We propose in this research a new solution regarding the existence and the content of the initial spacetime singularity. In the context of topological field theory we consider that the initial singularity of space-time corresponds to a zero size singular gravitational instanton characterized by a Riemannian metric configuration (++++) in dimension D = 4. Connected with some unexpected topological data corresponding to the zero scale of space-time, the initial singularity is thus not considered in terms of divergences of physical fields but can be resolved in the frame of topological field theory. We get this result from the physical observation that the pre-spacetime is in a thermal equilibrium at the Planck scale. Therefore it should be subject to the KMS condition. We consequently consider that this KMS state might correspond to a unification between "physical state" (Planck scale) and "topological state" (zero scale). Then it is suggested that the "zero scale singularity" can be understood in terms of topological invariants, in particular the first Donaldson invariant. Therefore, we here introduce a new topological index, connected with 0 scale, of the form Z = Tr (-1)s, which we call "singularity invariant". Interestingly, this invariant corresponds also to the invariant topological current yield by the hyperfinite II* von Neumann algebra describing the zero scale of space-time. In such a context we conjecture that the problem of inertial interaction might be explained in terms of topological amplitude connected with the singular zero size gravitational instanton corresponding to the initial singularity of spacetime.

    Keywords : KMS State, topological field theory, singularity invariant, initial singularity, zero size instanton
    PACS : 0420D, 04.65.+e,02.40.Xx, 04.60.-m, 5.45.-a

    Keywords: Mots-cles : Etat KMS, theorie topologique des champs, invariant de singularite, singularite initiale, instanton gravitationnel singulier, amplitude topologique
    PACS : 0420D, 04.65.+e, 02.40.Xx, 04.60.-m, 05.45.-a

    Advisor: STERNHEIMER, DANIEL
    Comments: President : Gabriel Simonoff (Prof.Emerite Univ.Bordeaux I) Premier rapporteur : Roman Jackiw (M.I.T.) Second rapporteur Jack Morava : (John Hopkins Univ.), Examinateur Hans Jauslin (Bourgogne Univ.), Co-directeur de these (pour la partie physique theorique), Jac Verbaarschot (Stony Brook Univ.) Le document de these est compose des textes suivants : 1. Le texte de presentation de la these (60 pages) 2. Les 4 tires a part des publications annexees (102
    pages): - Topological Field Theory of the Initial Singularity of Spacetime, Class. and Quantum Gravity vol 18 no 21 (2001) - Spacetime
    Metric and the KMS Condition at the
    Planck Scale Annals of Physics, vol 295 no 2 (2002) - KMS State of the Spacetime at the Planck Scale, Ch. Jour. of Phys. vol 40, No2, (2002) -
    Topological Origin of Inertia, Czech . Jour. of Phys. Vol. 51, No 11 (2001)

    Subjects: Thesis: Physics: Theoretical Physics
    ID code: tel-00001503
    Deposited by: BOGDANOFF Igor on 24 July 2002 (01:49)
  4. Re:Physics is weird! by Peyna · · Score: 4, Informative
    Read further in the article and you'll see that they barely even got their doctorates. The one guy got the lowest passing grade, and the other failed.

    Besides, the article focuses more on the integrity of articles printed in scientific journals, and how it is hard to figure out if something is worthwhile or if it is crap when they're so hard to understand.

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  5. Re:Physics is not for dumb people by manobes · · Score: 4, Informative

    For a collection of stuff on this subject, search google groups on ``reverse sokal hoax''. Then read the (long) thread in sci.physics.research.

    I'm not a string theorist so I can't be 100% sure, but this stuff sure sounds like nonsense. The part about the Foucault pendulum aligning with the initial singularity sounds really silly. To quote John Baez, a mathmatical physicist (see below for a link)

    It [one of the papers in question] goes on to discuss the supposed connection between N = 2 supergravity, Donaldson theory, KMS states and the Foucault pendulum experiment, which he claims "cannot be explained satisfactorily in either classical or relativistic mechanics". If you know some physics you'll find this statement slightly odd.

    As I said, I'm not a string theorist, so I don't know for sure, but some very sharp people seem to support the contention that this is nonsense. John Baez has compiled some of the relvent stuff on his webapge, here. Jacques Distler's blog also contains some good analysis.

  6. Re:The Conversion from Quack to Genius by kkenn · · Score: 5, Informative

    The other highly suspcious aspect of this whole affair is that the work was never published online prior to being submitted to a journal.

    Some background for non-physicists: thesedays the primary venue for publishing new works is the arXiv. Several hundred papers per day are uploaded here in various categories, and it is the de facto standard library of modern research in physics.

    After publishing your work on the arXiv, physicists around the work can and will read your paper and submit feedback. Typically, after publication on the arXiv you might submit your work to a paper-based journal, but this is only a secondary procedure, and the only real point is to give you bonus points for your resume.

    Here is the main point:

    No-one reads paper journals any more!

    The fact that the Bogdanov papers were never uploaded to the arxiv meant that apart from the 2 referees (who basically seem to have abdicated responsibility), no-one had, or ever would have read their work!.

    If the authors were serious researchers, they would have submitted their work to the arxiv so it could be read and critiqued by their peers.

  7. Re:Not the best comparison, I guess. by blonde+rser · · Score: 4, Informative

    I hope you aren't saying that being falsifiable is the same as being demonstrated to be false; because that isn't true. Falsifiable is a concept coined by Karl Popper and it doesn't mean that a statement is false. It means that a statement has to "expose itself to disproof." Only if a hypothesis or theory is falsifiable can it be considered truly scientific.

    In other words when a knowledgeable reader sees a hypothesis or theory he must be able to envision evidence that would disprove said theory - otherwise the theory is not scientific. For example if my theory is "all foo's are bar" a knowledgeable reader can realized all she needs to find is a single foo that isn't bar. So that statement is falsifiable. But if my theory states "all people are controlled by little green men (LGMs) that live inside their heads and the LGMs disappear the moment they could be observed" then it is not falsifiable. No matter what evidence a reader envisions (ie. I cut open a head and find no LGM) I can always show that this evidence doesn't out right contradict my theory (ie Well the LGM disappeared moments before you cut open the head).

    Maybe I'm being naive and everybody is already clear on what falsifiable actually means. It should be understood that falsifiable statements can be true. And non-falsifiable statements can be false.

  8. Interesting quote. by mshiltonj · · Score: 3, Informative

    One of the earliest models of the universe was erected by Ptolemy.

    It worked fairly well, except for the fact that it assumed that our planet was the center of the universe and that everything rotated around the Earth. As astronomy got more sophisticated, we had to invent ever more elaborate mathematical models to make Ptolemy's picture of reality work. The astral cycles of heavenly movement became cycles within cycles within cycles. Until finally Copernicus suggested we imagine the Sun was the center of the system. The way we conceived the workings of the universe literally shifted and it was simple again both in perception and in mathematics.

    The present moment in physics has the whiff of Ptolemaic epicycles about it. Perhaps the universe is actually incredibly complex and incomprehensible. Or, just maybe, it is our models that have become complex and incomprehensible. Perhaps new theories will yield ways of seeing things that are not as simple minded as the clockwork universe of the 19th century or as illusive as the unimaginable world of the 20th century. In our new understanding of the relationships of the very large to the very small, we may literally revisualize the universe around us.


    Rethinking Everything. The above quote is on page 4.