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Personal Submarine Cruises SF Bay

LandSonar writes "Graham Hawkes, the guru of the submarine design business, tried out his new submersible sea plane yesterday in SF Bay. Called the 'Deep Flight Aviator'. Article and cool pictures. This craft doesn't use ballast like traditional subs. Flys more like a plane. 'It looks like something NASA might build or the Blue Angels might fly.'"

49 of 277 comments (clear)

  1. Darn! by Amazing+Quantum+Man · · Score: 2, Funny

    I was hoping for something more like Sky-Diver from the old UFO series!

    --
    Fascism starts when the efficiency of the government becomes more important than the rights of the people.
    1. Re:Darn! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      Must resist, to much pressure.....subs, seamen, cruising, san francisco.........

  2. I don't know about flying.... by turtlendogrmusd.net · · Score: 2, Insightful

    I was a little disappointed to see that the term "fly" seems to describe how it moves through the water, rather indicate the capabilities of a submersible flying boat... Now that would be cool!

  3. Plans? by SealBeater · · Score: 2, Interesting

    So, if it's homemade, any chance of getting the plans or trying to figure it
    out? I've got a friend who can mold carbon fiber, I wouldn't mind taking a
    crack at building one or even a lesser version. How cool would it be to have
    one of these?

    SealBeater

    --
    -- Its survival of the fittest...and we got the fucking guns!!!
    1. Re:Plans? by Reality+Master+101 · · Score: 5, Funny

      Yeah! I even got a name for you: how about "The Suicide Express"? "The Widowmaker" is already so overused.

      --
      Sometimes it's best to just let stupid people be stupid.
  4. I saw it on Tech TV last night by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative


    I didn't read the article but I saw this Submarine on TechTV last night. Pretty cool. Will cost approx $15,000. Now some people will have to make a choice between buying an over the surface boat or the sub...

    The guy said they only used 2 engineers and lot of computer aided design to keep the costs low instead of hiring 50 engineers... It didn't seem to move very fast drifting nice and slow... It is supposed to go for as long as 8 hours on single battery charge and can go 1500 feet deep or something like that....

    excuse spelling/gramattical mistakes, if any

    1. Re:I saw it on Tech TV last night by bashibazouk · · Score: 2, Informative

      This story has been playing all week on TV in the Bay area. The $15,000 is how much it costs to take the training classes to Learn how to pilot it.

  5. No Ballast? by zer0vector · · Score: 5, Interesting

    If the submarine doesn't use ballast to maintain its depth, it must always be in motion to stay at a depth away from equilibrium. Assuming it is positively bouyant (it floats) the motion of the water over its dive planes would be the only force holding it underwater. This seems a bit limited to me, since you'd never be able to stop and enjoy the view underwater. It's probably because I'd be more interested in the stuff sitting on the bottom of the ocean, rather than the things moving through it, which appears to be the point of the sub.

    --

    ----
    Striving to put right what once went wrong, and hoping each time that his next leap, will be the leap ho
    1. Re:No Ballast? by neksys · · Score: 5, Informative

      The article states that, when the submersible drops beneath "stall" speed (approx 1.2 knots), a conventional ballast system kicks in to maintain dive depth - making it perhaps more versatile than conventional submersibles, as opposed to the limitations that you suggest.

    2. Re:No Ballast? by baudtender · · Score: 2, Informative

      This sub uses a conventional ballast system below
      what it calls its "stall speed," but what you
      say isn't necessarily so for other subs that use
      a "no ballast" design. Think of the inverse of
      moveable props like those used on VTOL aircraft.
      You can use propellers pointing up to counter the
      bouyancy.

      One really good reason for not having ballast -
      if you lose all electrical power, you float to
      the surface. Think about it.

      Baudtender

    3. Re:No Ballast? by Gerry+Gleason · · Score: 2, Interesting
      One really good reason for not having ballast - if you lose all electrical power, you float to the surface. Think about it.

      Not only that, but they mention that they can drop ballast in an emergency, so obviously there are ballast systems and components, just that in normal operation, it has a slightly positive boyancy, and need to keep moving to go down.

      With the positive boyancy, you could shut down the motors and concerve power with a sort of inverted gliding. I remember seeing a story (maybe /.) about an underwater drone that could operate for long periods gliding both up and down by shifting the boyancy back and forth between negative and positive.

  6. Re:This thing flys? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    In soviet russia dipshits read the article instead of posting stupid ass comments that could be answered be merely skimming it.

  7. exciting! by jericho4.0 · · Score: 4, Insightful
    "When we get up alongside sperm whales or giant squid it will get really exciting," he said.

    When I'm in a submarine, I don't want anything exciting to happen.

    --
    "A language that doesn't affect the way you think about programming, is not worth knowing" - Alan Perlis
    1. Re:exciting! by Gortbusters.org · · Score: 2, Funny

      Don't forget:
      "We'd like to penetrate the secret world of the squid,"


      Maybe they are looking for something exciting to happen!

      --
      --------
      Free your mind.
    2. Re:exciting! by trashyspaceman · · Score: 2, Funny

      It has indeed been known to get very exciting in SF bay.

  8. Deep sea for everyone! by bravehamster · · Score: 3, Interesting
    Deep Flight Aviator will revolutionize exploration by making it easier and cheaper for everyone from scientists to filmmakers to plumb the ocean's depths.


    Oh, you mean like the same people who do it now? What about me, average joe six-pack? When can I go dive down that there Marianas Trench? I want to see the Giant Squid in it's native environment and stop the Discovery Channel from doing anymore of those specials where they don't find the damn thing...again!. Is this deep sea diving for the masses, or just an upgrade for those who already do it?

    --
    ---- El diablo esta en mis pantalones! Mire, mire!
    1. Re:Deep sea for everyone! by heff · · Score: 2, Funny

      i can only imagine the horror if everyone had personal submarines.. not because of the dangers, but because of the regulations..

      hell, they banned the segway in SF already.

      --

      --

      |-_-| . o O ( bEef!)

    2. Re:Deep sea for everyone! by FatHogByTheAss · · Score: 4, Informative
      When can I go dive down that there Marianas Trench?


      Not Marianas, but you can certainly go explore SF Bay. PADI or NAUI should be able to connect you with the right people.


      SCUBA is the best thing you'll ever do with your clothes on.

      --

      --
      You sure got a purty mouth...

  9. Is it safe? by Gortbusters.org · · Score: 2, Interesting

    The article makes a nice mention how 75% of the earth is covered in water. Looks like the ocean is one of the last [easy] frontiers, though will the moon be more practicle? This thing looks like the ship in Star War Episode 1.

    Back on topic, I would wonder how deep this version can go. It mentions the depth of a squid of around 1500 feet. The article also reports a second version that will be able to comb the bottom of the ocean. I imagine that will look more like a 747.

    What was the name of that bad star-trek like show that was set in the ocean?

    --
    --------
    Free your mind.
  10. Quick question for those in the know... by Kickstart70 · · Score: 2, Interesting
    What is more efficient (speed/energy), a boat or a sub? I suppose that a hydroplaning boat would be, but I am not sure of the fluid physics involved. How much less efficient is a boat than a car in terms of energy expended compared to the speed it travels? How could boats be made more efficient, or could they?

    Kickstart

  11. Seaquest!!! by Monofilament · · Score: 4, Funny

    WOW Seaquest is coming true.. I wonder if it comes with an ultra smart dolphin who has a translater hooked to it so i can have conversations with it.

    Damn I completely forgot about that show before i saw those pictures...

    --


    Who makes you Sig?
  12. Extreme high pressure... by neksys · · Score: 3, Interesting

    According to thei creator's website, they are planning on creating Deep Flight II, which they hope to pilot to the bottom of the Mariana Trench, some 38,000 feet down. But wouldn't the intense pressure and high viscosity of the water at that depth make it nearly impossible to operate on the flight principle? I don't know the first thing about high pressure underwater maneuvering, so perhaps someone else can tell me why this will (or won't) work?

    1. Re:Extreme high pressure... by RoundTop-VJAS · · Score: 5, Informative
      well... the flight principle would work at those depths. Assuming the parts can stand the pressure (what they are trying to get done). even though the pressure has changed, the resistance of the water will be essencially unchanged. (since the propellers will be biting more in the water, producing more thrust, this will ofset any drag problems). Since it is designed to cut through the water rather than force its way through (conventional sub) it should work.

      The problems at 39k feet are following:

      #1) materials that can stand up to it. I'm sure that a piece of solid metal can, but can the cockpit? #2) If anything goes wrong...ANYTHING. you are dead. #3) Making sure your seals can stand the pressure (any that rupture - see 1 & 2)

      However if the cockpit can sustain the pressures (since it is smaller than a full regular sub it should be able to take more pressure.) then it should be able to hit those depths no problem. Not only that, but at the proposed dive/accent speeds they might have to worry about the bends. at 400ft/min to go 37,000ft would only take 1.5h. All the "modern" subs/deep subs take much longer than that to hit those depths ('cept some military ones...but they don't go as deep [as far as we know])

      This concept has actually been around for a while, however I give massive kudos to these guys for pulling it off not once, but twice. I watched the documentary on discovery about Deep Flight and that was cool. DF Aviator is definately a step in the right direction as it gets rid of the classic sub image.

      As for increasing the speed for more than 6knots.. that is a simple equation.

      Running time = battery power / draw of props (increases as revs go higher)

      So either increase the battery capacity (for the same weight) and speed for the same running time. Or you will sacrifice run time.

      Eg: To make it go ~12knots it would take roughly twice the battery power, reducing its effective time from 8h to 4h (I know there are more things..but that is the major factor).

      Another technique is to increase the size of the props. But that takes more energy to get them spinning (for more thrust though).

      --
      RoundTop

    2. Re:Extreme high pressure... by pclminion · · Score: 4, Informative
      According to thei creator's website, they are planning on creating Deep Flight II, which they hope to pilot to the bottom of the Mariana Trench, some 38,000 feet down. But wouldn't the intense pressure and high viscosity of the water at that depth make it nearly impossible to operate on the flight principle?

      The pressure would pose a problem, but, contrary to what you might expect, the viscosity of water actually decreases with pressure, until around 150 MPa of pressure. After that, viscosity starts increasing with pressure.

      That pressure corresponds to about 50,000 feet of seawater. Since (as far as I know) there is no trench this deep on Earth, we probably won't be having problems with viscosity anytime soon.

      Water is definitely one of the most unique substances we have on this planet.

    3. Re:Extreme high pressure... by BLAG-blast · · Score: 5, Informative
      I'll try and dispell some myths for you rather than just calling you dumb.

      Since it is designed to cut through the water rather than force its way through (conventional sub) it should work.

      There is no difference between how this submarine moves through the water and how a "conventional sub" would move through the water.

      Making sure your seals can stand the pressure

      Any rubber seals are just for the first few feet. After 30 feet the water pressure will be creating a metal to metal bond (or metal to acrylic or what ever) so the seals will not do anything. If you're refering to the metal to metal bond as a seal, then you kind of right, but any problems would have notice at around 30 feet. As you go deeper the bond will just get stronger.

      Not only that, but at the proposed dive/accent speeds they might have to worry about the bends.

      The bends only apply if you are exposed to outside pressure. This is a 1 ATM sub, you are always at the same pressure as you where on the surface.

      Eg: To make it go ~12knots it would take roughly twice the battery power, reducing its effective time from 8h to 4h (I know there are more things..but that is the major factor). Another technique is to increase the size of the props. But that takes more energy to get them spinning (for more thrust though).

      This isn't really true either, it would probably be more like a quarter of the endurance for twice the speed. But they might be other things limiting the speed such as drag, the sub isn't a very hydrodynamic shape and might have a low terminal velocity.

      --
      M0571y H@rml355.
  13. More cool Small Submarines by TheLurker · · Score: 5, Interesting

    For more cool homebuilt submarines, check out the Personal Submersables web page.

  14. Strange picture... by NanoGator · · Score: 3, Funny

    I bet somebody could cook up a hilarious caption for this picture.

    "The bionic dorsal fins aren't what scares me, it's the frickin laser beam attched to it's head!"

    --
    "Derp de derp."
    1. Re:Strange picture... by Anonvmous+Coward · · Score: 3, Funny

      "http://www.sfgate.com/chronicle/pictures/2003/01/ 24/ba_sub04.jpg"

      Man I'm tempted to make a rude Kenny Baker joke.

    2. Re:Strange picture... by NanoGator · · Score: 2, Funny

      "Man I'm tempted to make a rude Kenny Baker joke."

      I'll give that a +1, Obscure Star Wars Reference.

      --
      "Derp de derp."
  15. Damn! by Reality+Master+101 · · Score: 2, Funny

    tried out his new submersible sea plane yesterday in SF Bay.

    When I read this, I thought it was an airplane that could turn itself into a submarine! Now that would be cool... you could fly to an interesting spot, and then dive into the water.

    Given that this thing is intended to glide like airplane, except in water, I wonder what it would take to make it able to fly in air? Probably a lot of engine power that it doesn't have, and a lot less weight. :(

    --
    Sometimes it's best to just let stupid people be stupid.
  16. Feh. by cporter · · Score: 3, Interesting
    I still want one of these.

    "The ultimate personal transportation device, 65 meters (213 ft.) in length with 470 square meters (5000 sq. ft.) of interior space on 4 levels. As proposed, the submarine would constitute the single largest private undersea vehicle ever built."

  17. A Cheaper Alternative by Bowie+J.+Poag · · Score: 3, Funny



    If anyone from San Francisco (or California, for that matter) is looking to see the bottom of the SF Bay, I can help you. I have plenty of rope and quick-dry concrete, and I'll be happy to help you experience the natural wonders only the sea can offer.

    Cheers,

    --
    Bowie J. Poag

  18. Possible problem by ELCarlsson · · Score: 4, Funny

    "They wear khaki coveralls with lots of zippered pockets"

    Okay, so you're 150 ft under the water when you're homemade sub springs a leak. And what are you wearing to save you? Khaki coveralls. Sure hope they have something helpful in one of those zippered pockets.

  19. build your own sub by paughsw · · Score: 5, Interesting

    This team at Virginia Tech, (I used to be on it) are the three time world champs for a human powered submarine. Check them out, lots of cool videos, and documentation. www.hps.vt.edu

  20. has been done before by floRizla · · Score: 3, Funny

    This thing is not as original as it seems.
    If you know the comic books of Tintin, there is one album where Tintin and his friend (ship cpt. Haddock I believe) explore the sea in a shark-shaped submarine. It has very much the same shape as this thing, including the windows that have the shape of a half sphere.

    So, one of the co-inventors is Belgian comic designer Hergé. And Possibly Leonardo da Vinci too, for that matter.

  21. Buoyancy and "flight" by harangutan · · Score: 2, Interesting

    A couple of issues that don't seem to be addressed in the article:

    They must have buoyancy control nearly equal to that of submarines because the amount of energy required using "flight surfaces" to maintain depth would increase hugely as a function of depth. Unlike in true flight, where it doesn't require more energy to maintain an altitude of 2000 feet than 1000, it takes incomparably more energy to maintain a depth of 2000 feet compared to 1000 if you're not using buoyancy control. I'd venture to suggest it's impossible.

    Also, in flight a wing uses reduced air pressure above the curved top of the wing surface (Bernoulli's Principle) for most of its lift. Does anyone know if this effect applies in water? Intuitively it seems like it would not.

    1. Re:Buoyancy and "flight" by paughsw · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Bernoulli's principle still applies, in fact, water behaves alot like air, except that it's more dense. you have to have the right airfoil shape thought

  22. Idea stolen from Tintin! by DennisZeMenace · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I hope this guy is paying royalties to Tintin's friend : Professor Tournesol. He was definitely first

    DZM

  23. Nah... by hondo77 · · Score: 2, Funny

    Now this is a "submersible sea plane"!

    --
    I live ze unknown. I love ze unknown. I am ze unknown.
  24. How long til these are outlawed? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    A cheap, small, personal submarine, capable of carring two people--or one person and 200lbs of drugs from Mexico or Canada into the U.S.A. (or 200lbs of explosive, or ...)

    Watch the U.S. Coast Guard build lots of sonar installations. Watch the ecologists sue the Coast Guard for what all that sonar does to the sea life.

    Watch Congress outlaw personal submarines.

  25. Saw the sub met the guy by Usquebaugh · · Score: 2, Interesting

    About a month ago I was in a SF Bay area marina, checking my 5o5 was still on the trailer after a storm. When I saw two guys wheeling out two J shaped funnels. Turned out these were the crew compartment and they were off to be pressure tested in Texas, Houston I think. I knew what deep flight was but these were meant to be more civilised.

    Personally I still prefer the original Deep Flight.

    On a side note the bernoulli effect isn't much in use. It's more the angle of attack of the wings. Think diving planes not wings.

  26. About "The Bends"... by thebigmacd · · Score: 2, Insightful

    *IANAEngineer*

    As I understand it, The Bends occur when the body of a diver is subject to the pressures exterted by water at depths. Breathing air is regulated by SCUBA gear such that the pressure increases to offset water pressure on the lungs. This increases the pressure of nitrogen gas in the blood, which expands when the pressure is released.

    I have a feeling The Bends would not be a problem in a submersible, depending on one condition - internal air pressure is not raised to reduce pressure stress on the hull. At any great depth, water pressure is so great as to make the benefit of any reasonable air pressure increase negligable.

    I think that the hull would simply be made strong enough to withstand the water pressure with internal air pressure remaining at sea level air pressure or thereabouts. In this case, the human body would not be subjected to pressure increases/decreases as the sub dives and ascends.
    IIRC, military submarines do not change internal pressure when changing depth. Therefore the Bends are not the limiting factor of dive rate - what limits the rate for military subs is that the steel pressure hull cannot withstand rapid pressure changes without contorting dangerously.

    If someone made a deep-sea diving sub with a pressure hull made of a material very resistant to rapid change in pressure, there would be no theoretical limit to dive rate, even with a human inside. *As long as the hull is strong enough to allow constant internal pressure*

    I may be very very wrong, but this is my observation.

    1. Re:About "The Bends"... by KewlPC · · Score: 2, Informative

      I always thought that the bends occurred when ascending (coming back up to the surface), not descending (diving).

      Being in a submersible that increased the air pressure to help ease the stress on the pressure hull therefore wouldn't cause a problem, so long as the air pressure was slowly brought back to 1 atmosphere on your way back up to the surface.

      If memory serves, nearly all submersibles capable of deep submergence increase the air pressure at least a little to help counter the pressure of the water. In fact, if the air pressure was close enough to the water pressure, you could go outside and swim around (until you got hypothermia from the extremely cold water, anyway).

      The only real problems with increasing the air pressure are oxygen concentration (as you increase the air pressure, you increase the amount of oxygen per cubic inch, thereby increasing the amount that you breathe in; too much oxygen will kill you) and making sure that the pressure is released slowly enough to prevent the bends (possibly resulting in the crew having to sit inside the sub after it has been brought back onboard while they wait for the pressure to drop to 1 atmosphere, depending on the sub's ascent rate).

      IIRC, the bends only occur when you ascend too quickly (or the pressure in a pressurized sub drops too fast). The cure is to sit inside a pressure chamber, with the pressure racked up to equal what you would've felt at whatever depth you were at when you began your (too rapid) ascent, and then have the pressure slowly brought back to 1 atmosphere.

  27. It is a common misconception that penguins. . . by kfg · · Score: 4, Interesting

    can't fly. You even see them refered to as "flightless" birds in the text books.

    The fact is that they don't fly * in air.*

    Watch a penguin "in flight" and this idea is just as obvious as flying machines in air are from watching a hawk soar. I'm only surprised that it's taken this long for someone to actually go ahead and build one.

    Nor is the concept unique to the water. There was an experimental plane some decades ago that was a zeppelin shaped like a flying wing. It was heavier than air, but only by a matter of pounds and flew by the lift produced by its wing shape, but was nonetheless dirigable.

    I can find no reference to this plane on the web (surprise, not everything is recorded on the web, go figure) but New Yorker magazine once did a piece on it.

    The basic principles of buoyancy and lift apply to any fluid medium. All the rest is just commentary and you can find "planes," "zeppelins," "blimps," and even "helicopters" in the natural underwater world as inspiration. Just as you can in air.

    KFG

  28. Sure... by pclminion · · Score: 2, Informative
    Here.

    No need to be rude...

  29. Bull: Re:Buoyancy and "flight" by WolfWithoutAClause · · Score: 4, Informative
    Unlike in true flight, where it doesn't require more energy to maintain an altitude of 2000 feet than 1000,

    Yes it does, the air is thinner up there.

    it takes incomparably more energy to maintain a depth of 2000 feet compared to 1000 if you're not using buoyancy control.

    A submarine displaces its own volume of water, and has a lift proportional to the difference between its weight and the weight of that volume of water at that depth. The density of the sea water hardly varies between the surface and the bottom (the pressure goes wayyyyy up, but water is largely incompressible), so the buoyancy is nearly the same.

    Therefore the amount of energy needed is largely the same also; independent of altitude, for a fixed volume submarine, since you're only really fighting buoyancy to go down.

    Also, in flight a wing uses reduced air pressure above the curved top of the wing surface (Bernoulli's Principle) for most of its lift. Does anyone know if this effect applies in water? Intuitively it seems like it would not.

    Gee, I don't know, mister; ever heard of a propeller? That's a set of wings that rotate under water. Get a clue.

    --

    -WolfWithoutAClause

    "Gravity is only a theory, not a fact!"
    1. Re:Bull: Re:Buoyancy and "flight" by harangutan · · Score: 2, Informative

      According to this, a propeller on a boat works by pushing water backwards (which is why, I suppose, it's often called a "screw" rather than a propeller). A prop on a plane blows air strongly backwards as well, but I don't know if that's the chief force pushing the plane forward or if the bernoulli principle (acceleration of air passing over the forward surface of the prop creating a draw, or vacuum) is what's doing it.

      I admit I was totally wrong about the buoyancy issue in my first post, BTW. Simple Archimedes displacement issue, and in an incompressible fluid, neutral buoyancy is the same at all depths. I regret the erroneous post.

  30. Re:What the hell is wrong with Slashdot? by Idarubicin · · Score: 2, Insightful
    ...Slashdot's moderation system has been horribly broken (mismatch of scores reported to me versus what's in the actual thread)...

    What's happening is that when a comment moderation is reported to you (and also immediately after you submit a comment) the moderation total will reflect the +1 score that you get for being logged in, but the +1 (for a total of +2) karma bonus doesn't show up.

    The moderation tallies are actually correct when you look at the lists of comments--you get the bonuses to which you're entitled. If you check your user profile, the correct values are reported there as well. So the system isn't really 'horribly broken', it's just a bit flaky. Someone will fix it eventually. In the meantime, you're not just here for the karma, are you? You just want to contribute in a positive way to the discussion, so don't sweat the totals.

    ...and doing any kind of a submit takes several retries and usually takes minutes to complete.

    I've noticed this as well. Perhaps the ol' Slashcode isn't up to snuff anymore? Or maybe the number of users is starting to put a strain on the system. I don't have to make multiple retries; I find that waiting a minute for the submission to go through works. If it's not worth waiting a minute to say, it's not worth saying, right?

    Aside: I know this is offtopic. I am posting without karma bonus so I'm a smaller target for moderators. ;)

    --
    ~Idarubicin
  31. Re:Air behaves as an incompressible fluid as well. by thrillseeker · · Score: 2, Informative
    I hate to burst your "bubble," but from the standpoint of aerodynamics, air behaves as an incompressible fluid until you get close to the speed of sound.

    Ah, no. Air is compressible until approaching the speed of sound - which is why the speed of sound is what it is. That's also why there is a "shock wave" - since the air is not able to get out of its own way, and is also why it was originally believed that one couldn't travel faster than sound (though it was obvious that there were objects doing so, such as meteors, etc.). Approaching the speed of sound the induced drag rises rapidly - flying through that speed and continuing supersonic required gaining an understanding of how to reduce that drag (the "Coke bottle" shape of some aircraft designed during the 50's was one technique), and also gaining an understanding that the lift characteristics and center-of-lift point would shift - attention to design insured that this point did not deviate farther from the center-of-gravity than the flight control abilities of the time (i.e. - the pilot) could reasonably handle - think about the moment arm becoming greater as the difference between those two points increases. Also, it got much easier as we learned to build engines that could provide greater thrust.