Quantum Computing Programming Language
William Walker writes "The Economist has an article in its new issue describing attempts to write a programming language for quantum computers, if and when they appear. It does a good job of putting the challenges of qubits versus regular bits into layman's terms. ... The original paper is here."
http://tph.tuwien.ac.at/~oemer/qcl.html
Let's not forget QCL (Quantum Computing Language) developed by Bernhard Oemer (a slashdotter) in 1998.
A programming language already exists. It's called QCL by Bernhard Oemer.
It also includes an emulator with 64 qubits. Pretty neat.
He also wrote some very useful papers on understanding quantum computing.
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wildmage
Memoirs of a Mad Scientist
I found this article to be a very useful. A nice starting block.
It's meant to be more of a novelty than a practical example of quantum computing. There's also a Quantum::Entanglement module, allowing you to put variables in a superposition of states, do some calculations on them, and then "observe" the value of the result. The observation then causes the states of all of the other variables along the way to instantly resolve into states consistent with that observation.