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SCO Awarded UNIX Copyright Regs, McBride Interview

Prizm writes "It seems that SCO is continuing to build up its case for world domination, as today it was awarded U.S. copyright registrations for UNIX System V source code by the U.S. Copyright Office. Shares are up 20%, Novell is nowhere to be found, and SCO is releasing binary, run-only Linux licensing. You can read all about it over in their press release." C|Net is also running an interview with McBride.

39 of 1,388 comments (clear)

  1. All Linux 2.4 user in violation by DevilM · · Score: 4, Informative

    Listening in on the SCO conference call today, they announced that all Linux 2.4 users are in violation of their Unix copyrights. They will now be selling a UnixWare license to Linux users to become compliant.

    1. Re:All Linux 2.4 user in violation by DevilM · · Score: 4, Informative

      In addition, they have said that all contributors to the Linux kernel will NOT be protected if they purchase this license to UnixWare.

  2. Re:According to a letter to Linux Magazine .... by Lawrence_Bird · · Score: 5, Informative

    yes and once they reach 5% they have to file with the SEC so doubtful this is what has happened.

  3. $1500 per seat by Svartalf · · Score: 4, Informative

    You have to buy a seat of UnixWare, per the press release. That's $1500 per seat. Do YOU think anyone is going to pay that?

    --
    I am not merely a "consumer" or a "taxpayer". I am a Citizen of the State of Texas
  4. Re:Prior art? by MartinG · · Score: 4, Informative

    Copyright ownership is not "awarded", it is automatic for the creator of a work.

    Prior art has nothing to do with copyright, but relates to patent claims for an invention of something that already existed.

    What registering copyright is for is beyond me, but it doesn't change much. Either linux contains SCO code, or it doesn't No amount of registering things will change those facts.

    I just wish SCO would show us the code or go away. What they are doing now is harassing people.

    --
    -- MartinG To mail me: echo kewyjlcxyzvjfxbqwh | tr bcefhjklqvwxyz .@adgimnoprstu
  5. Re:The scary thing by Surak · · Score: 5, Informative

    If they own the copyrights to SysV code then they can enforce them as they see fit.

    If they can prove that Linux infringes upon those copyrights, then they will be able to charge for its use.


    Wrong answer. *They* themselves distributed a Linux kernel, complete with source up until a week or so after they filed the suit, IIRC. If it was infringeing then, then they have relased whatever code might be in there under the terms of the GNU General Public License.

    Since the Linux kernel wouldn't by any means be comprised of 100% of their code, that makes any Linux kernel that contains their code a derivative work. Which means that they MUST distribute the source to remain in compliance with license.

    In other words, SCO, by releasing a binary-only Linux, is violating the terms of the GNU General Public License, and hence, they are breaking the law.

  6. Unbelieveable! by Cletus+the+yokel · · Score: 5, Informative

    The bullshit just keeps rising higher and higher...

    "...The company also announced it will offer
    UnixWare(R) licenses tailored to support run-time, binary use of Linux for all
    commercial users of Linux based on kernel version 2.4.x and later. SCO will
    hold harmless commercial Linux customers that purchase a UnixWare license
    against any past copyright violations, and for any future use of Linux in a
    run-only, binary format."

    So users no longer have access to Linux source? They can't recompile the kernel? Oh, that's right, Linux is an "unauthorized derivative of UNIX", so I assume they're laying claim to all of Linux now.

    "Since the year 2001 commercial Linux customers have been purchasing and receiving software that includes misappropriated UNIX software owned by SCO... While using pirated software is copyright infringement, our first choice in helping Linux customers is to give them an option that will not disrupt their IT infrastructures..."

    They have not provided any proof that Linux contains SCO IP... even if it did that does NOT mean that Linux users are committing software piracy.

    Hundreds of files of misappropriated UNIX source code and derivative UNIX
    code have been contributed to Linux in a variety of areas, including
    multi-processing capabilities. The Linux 2.2.x kernel was able to scale to 2-4 processors. With Linux 2.4.x and the 2.5.x development kernel, Linux now scales to 32 and 64 processors through the addition of advanced Symmetrical Multi-Processing (SMP) capabilities taken from UNIX System V and derivative works, in violation of SCO's contract agreements and copyrights."

    This is IBM (and formerly Sequent) code. It's NOT SCO's intellectual property. They CLAIM to have control over its distribution, but again, they haven't proven it in court. That certainly doesn't mean they own it.

    I could go on but I'm sure many brighter ones will do a better job...

    --
    Wanted: One witty yet thought provoking .sig - Apply here.
  7. Registration does not equal copyright... by dinotrac · · Score: 5, Informative

    This sounds like more than it is, but one must understand a fundamental difference between copyright and other IP, such as patents and trademarks.

    When the PTO grants a patent, it awards the actual patent itself after an investigation and a determination that the invention meets the requirements for a patent. When a trademark is registered, a different process takes place, but one that also attempts to determine the validity of the trademark.

    Copyright registrations don't do that. They just record the fact that someone claimed that something was theirs on such and such a date.
    This is a practical matter, as apart from very bare minimum standards, there isn't a very good way to investigate the validity of a copyright application short of an adversarial proceeding.

  8. Uh, no. by mcc · · Score: 5, Informative
    They will not under any circumstances be able to forcibly charge for its use. The nature of the GPL is such that if Linux is found to be infringing on the SysV copyrights, the only options will be:
    • Convince SCO to freely license the copyrights to everyone.
    • Change the Linux code to no longer be in violation of the copyright.
    • Stop distributing linux.
    The GPL quite clearly states that if you will not provide source code to a GPLed binary you distribute, and if you will not allow someone you give GPLed source/binary to to redistribute it under the GPL, it is a GPL violation to distribute it at all. SCO can claim Linux in violation of their copyrights but they can't remove Linux from the GPL.
  9. Not so scary... by Svartalf · · Score: 5, Informative

    Since SCO distributed the OTHER portions of the code that are non-infringing with their IP intermixed, they're in an unenviable position of knowingly infringing the IP rights of other holders.

    Clause 4 of the GPL requires that you make everything you ship out to be GPL- no exceptions. They've been distributing Linux in the alleged condition for over seven months now- stating that it was "okay" for them to do so, because the alleged IP was theirs to begin with.

    They don't own the other 98% of the kernel source- other people do. And they've been distributing it for too much time to be excused for not knowing what was going on.

    --
    I am not merely a "consumer" or a "taxpayer". I am a Citizen of the State of Texas
  10. Re:The scary thing by fwr · · Score: 3, Informative

    As far as I'm aware, the US Government does not do copyright searches like they do patent searches. I sincerely doubt that the copyright office did a comparison between Novell's copyrighted material and SCO's and determined that SCO's was significantly different to award the claim. I believe they probably grant any copyright (practically, if you tried to copyright a Harry Potter book or some other well-known text then it would proably not go unnoticed) and let the copyright holders battle it out in court.

    Just because they were granted a copyright does not mean that it is a valid copyright.

  11. They want you to buy a SCO license for EVERY copy by DASHSL0T · · Score: 4, Informative

    They want all commercial customers to pay for a Unixware 7.1.3 license for EVERY copy of Linux they are running.

    Here's my rundown of the call

    --
    Freedom Is Universal
    Linux-Universe
  12. Re:The scary thing by Ioldanach · · Score: 4, Informative
    unfortunatly, no matter how we feel about this, they are doing it legally.

    If they own the copyrights to SysV code then they can enforce them as they see fit.

    If they can prove that Linux infringes upon those copyrights, then they will be able to charge for its use.

    And please don't say copyright law is crap, we all know it, but it doesn't make it any less valid/enforcable.

    No, if they encumber the linux codebase with their own license, then the GPL becomes void and no longer can be used to distribute Linux. At that point, the distribution of every piece of linux that they don't explicitly own becomes prohibited, completely, because Linux falls back to copyright law which indicates that the contributors of the other pieces still own them and have not licensed them to any distribution but GPL. Therefore, if they tell people they need to pay to run linux, linux becomes un-runnable.

    In fact, if they actually make anyone pay to run linux, then they can be sued by the contributor of every other piece of code for copyright violation. After all, they distributed the rest of the code without a valid license to do so.

  13. Re:Extortion by Dr.+Manhattan · · Score: 3, Informative
    There's a GPL exemption in the linux kernal for binary only Nvidia drivers. SCO has no such provision.

    No, Linus has just stated that he won't pursue such violations of the GPL. But even that doesn't apply to SCO. No matter how you look at it, they're in GPL trouble.

    --
    PHEM - party like it's 1997-2003!
  14. Re:The scary thing by Surak · · Score: 4, Informative

    How? I've changed my stance on this somewhat.

    The GPL doesn't take away any rights whatsoever. It only grants rights, and places conditions on those rights.

    If I give you the binary and source code to a program I wrote, and it contains a copryright notice, you have NO RIGHT to distribute or disclose that source NOR it's binary to third parties. Period. The GPL gives you the right to do that, ONLY ON THE CONDITION that you also distribute the source code and make it available.

    It's not defeatable at all. Unless they accept the GPL, they have NO RIGHT to distribute the program. At all. Not because it's GPL, but because it is copyrighted and fully protected by United States Copyright Act of 1976, the Software Act of 1980, and various international treaties including the Berne Convention. Failure to abide by the terms of the GPL is called breach of contract. Pure and simple.

  15. Nevermind, an explanation why they haven't acted by SuperBanana · · Score: 4, Informative
    http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl-violation.html

    Pertinent passage:

    If the copyright holder is the Free Software Foundation, please send the report to . Note that the GPL, and other copyleft licenses, are copyright licenses. This means that only the copyright holders are empowered to act against violations. The FSF acts on all GPL violations reported on FSF copyrighted code, and we offer assistance to any other copyright holder who wishes to do the same. But, we cannot act on our own if we do not hold copyright. Thus, be sure to find out who the copyright holders of the software are before reporting a violation.

  16. IBM's response by Johann · · Score: 5, Informative
    "Armonk, New York-based IBM, the world's largest computer company, said that it is not aware of any Unix V code embedded in Linux.

    "SCO needs to openly show this code before anyone can assess their claim," IBM spokeswoman Trink Guarino said. The company has said in the past that the suit is baseless.

    Regarding SCO's decision to offer a license to users of Linux -- the open-source software that can be copied and modified freely -- Guarino said, "SCO seems to be asking customers to pay for a license based on allegations and not facts."

    http://biz.yahoo.com/rc/030721/tech_sco_4.html

    --
    "You're gonna need a bigger boat." - Chief Brody
  17. declarative judgement by 73939133 · · Score: 4, Informative

    The situation where one company holds another hostage by claiming infringement without every putting up any evidence is not new. To address it, we have declarative judgements. The Linux community could and should ask for a declarative judgement on SCO's alleged copyright violations. Then, SCO either has to put up the evidence, or the judge will rule against them.

  18. Why is this news? by gasp · · Score: 5, Informative

    Registering a copyright for sourcecode amounts to sending in a form with the code and a fee to the copyright office. They datestamp it and file it away. It's not required to register to claim copyright, or even to register at all. Registering just gives the holder some leverage in court, since in the absence of other information, the side with the earlier registration date wins.

    So, since they are just filing now, and have a 2003 registration date, I don't see what this has to do with anything at all. All this means is that they are "officially" claiming copyright, id doesn't mean they's been "granted" any rights at all. That's for a court to decide in specific disputes.

    IANAL, but I've sent in a number of Copyright Form TX filings in my day, at about $10 each. Big deal.

    1. Re:Why is this news? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative
      It's not required to register to claim copyright, or even to register at all. Registering just gives the holder some leverage in court, since in the absence of other information, the side with the earlier registration date wins.

      I was looking for someone here to pick up on the effect of copyright registration. The following is blatantly lifted from the U.S. Copyright Office synopsis on the subject (since no one bothers to RTFL anyway, right?):

      Registration establishes a public record of the copyright claim.

      Before an infringement suit may be filed in court, registration is necessary for works of U. S. origin.

      If made before or within 5 years of publication, registration will establish prima facie evidence in court of the validity of the copyright and of the facts stated in the certificate.

      If registration is made within 3 months after publication of the work or prior to an infringement of the work, statutory damages and attorney's fees will be available to the copyright owner in court actions. Otherwise, only an award of actual damages and profits is available to the copyright owner.

      Registration allows the owner of the copyright to record the registration with the U. S. Customs Service for protection against the importation of infringing copies.

      I'll make no further comment as we all can read.

  19. Re:The scary thing by stoney27 · · Score: 3, Informative

    I would assume that you did not watch the 21min interview with McBride. He put the problems into three buckets, first was the line by line infringements, then there was the derived works problems and then finally the "re-implementation" of System V ideas. He concentrated on the first two since the last one would be the hardest to prove.

    He talked a lot about the SMP code in the 2.4 kernel, a lot. And basically said that if we went after the smaller guys, IE "Red Hat" it would shutdown Linux all together. Which would have the effect of killing most of that OS sector and any chance of them collecting any money if they win.

    Also it sounds like they will be making more of there case known in mid-August

    --

    It is said that a child learns wisdom from the parent,
    but the truly wise parent learns joy from the child
  20. Re:The scary thing by BJH · · Score: 3, Informative

    If Linux is using SysV code (which apparently it is)

    Where the hell did this come from? And why is it 'apparent'? There has been NO evidence released publically to indicate that any SystemV code is in Linux. ZERO.

    So stop spreading crap until a few more facts come out.

  21. Clarification... by p.rican · · Score: 4, Informative

    I just finished watching the interview and McBride is claiming that the GPL only enforces their claims.....McBride says that the GPL is very clear in stating that there is a difference between donating code and distributing code into Linux kernel. SCO claims that they never 'officially signed away their code' to be used in the linux kernel. He even goes on to say that since there is any proprietary code in the kernel, that the GPL itself is nullified as a valid license for the kernel. Good interview, but McBride still comes off as evasive in some of his responses. (I guess that shouldn't surprise me) This is going to be a major test for the GPL. I'm getting frustrated that we haven't heard more from IBM.

    --

    /. --"Demented and sad....but social" -Judd Nelson

  22. Re:Extortion by virtual_mps · · Score: 3, Informative
    That's extortion...or some other form of legalese.

    I believe the term for SCO's actions is "barratry".
  23. Watch Your Behavior by geomon · · Score: 5, Informative

    There has been a lot of anger expressed throughout all of the SCO threads of late, most with venom bordering on violence. Keep this advice in mind, however, as you discuss this issue.

    If you are a Linux kernel developer, explore your legal options. With SCO's market cap soaring near $175MUSD, there are a few attorney's who might consider contingency representation. If you want to file a class action suit, file it in Madison County, Illinois.

    As for your personal comments, keep in mind that Slashdot cannot stop SCO from supoenaing their user records for discovery should you ever decide to sue. If so, be prepared to be REALLY pissed off when you are deposed. They will imply you've been engaging in copyright theft in an attempt to get an emotional response that they can drag out in court against you. I've been deposed; it an emotional roller-coaster.

    Remain calm. That is your best strategy. Do not rise to their bait. Refrain from name calling or empty threats. If you truly believe you have been harmed by SCO's actions, then take your case to court or hold off until the IBM/SCO dust settles. Your shouting about the GPL and making threats to tear Darl's nuts off and feed them to him will do nothing but harm to you and any potential case you may have.

    --
    "Rocky Rococo, at your cervix!"
  24. Raw notes from the call by mec · · Score: 5, Informative

    I'm not a great shorthand guy, so everybody below will be speaking with weird clipped diction. I'll post my summary and opinions in a followup note. Also, the lameness filter doesn't like my writing style ("too few characters per line") so there is some crap at the end to compensate.

    12:07 Blake Stowell

    Speakers today will be David Boies, Darl McBride, Chris Sontag.

    12:08 Darl McBride

    In May 2003, we warned Fortune 1500 companies. Enterprise use of Linux 2.4 violates SCO's copyrights and contract rights. Hundreds of files were taken from System 5, or from derived works, or have the same structure, sequence, and organization. Linux would have little multiprocessor capability without our IP. SCO has registered its copyrights. Linux vendors are selling a product with no IP warranty. By not providing a warranty, IBM has profited from Linux, but shifted risk to customers. We intend to use our IP rights carefully and judiciously. SCO is prepared to offer a license for Unixware 7.1.3 to Linux customers.

    12:13 Question and Answer

    Question #1 Dan Gordon, Bloomberg News

    Question: You say Linux violates SCO copyrights. What has changed from contract rights to copyrights?

    McBride: This started off as a contract case. With respect to copyright, this is new as of today. What is new today is the copyright registration.

    Question #2 Peter Galway, e-week magazine

    Question: If enterprise customers don't buy in ... you can't do anything until IBM case is resolved, right?

    McBride: The IBM case is a contract issue ... today's announcement ... is a new front. Boies: There would possibility of case-by-case litigation. It is not necessary to resolve the IBM case [first].

    Question #3 Dean Takahashi, San Jose Mercury NEws

    Question: Can you more completely describe the offending code and its origins?

    Question: [how much will this cost end users?]

    McBride: Three types: #1, line by line copying, including developer comments and errors ... very stark ... that type of code comes from various vendors, primarily other than IBM. #2: SMP, high-end technology, NUMA, RCU. In the early days of Linux, Linux supported 2-4 processors. Now with Linux 2.4, 16-32 processors. Hundreds of *files* were contributed by our vendors. #3: methods and concepts. ... With respect to pricing ... benchmarked on UnixWare 7.1.3.

    Question #4 Don Marti, Linux Journal

    Question: Ian Lance Taylor says that the code he saw in Unixware and Linux, he saw in other places too, on the Internet.

    McBride: A lot of this code is not questionable. IBM RCU code, from Dynix. We're not talking about BSD code. We're talking about high end SMP code.

    Question #5 Todd Weiss, ComputerWorld

    Question: What was the name of the license?

    McBride: SCO UnixWare 7.1.3.

    Question #6 Richard Waters, Financial Times

    Question: What penalties can you impose ... how are you going to make them stick?

    Boies: The copyright laws provide a wide range of penalties. Statutory damages, actual damages, extra damages for willful violations.

    Question #7 Robert Mina, Copper Beach Capital

    Question: What are the implications for Linux distributors such as Red Hat?

    McBride: "Complicated ... software flows from Torvalds to distributors to hardware vendors to end user." "It starts with the end user."

    Question: What about contributory infringement?

    No reply at all.

    Question #8 David Bark, Wall Street Journal

    Question: More about copyright registration date ...

    McBride: We typically register on enforcement.

    Boies: Registration is a precedent in bringing a lawsuit.
    Copyrightable material was not filed until need for enforcement.

    Question #9 Wilstang Gruner

  25. Re:After some thought by RiffRafff · · Score: 4, Informative

    I'm hardly an expert, but RICO is sufficiently broad in its scope (the Feds made it that way on purpose) that it could probably be used against SCO. From this article (http://law.about.com/library/weekly/aa042202a.htm ) about RICO and priests,

    "Just exactly how does the RICO statute work? RICO requires that an "enterprise" be shown to exist. "Enterprise" is broadly defined to mean "any individual, partnership, corporation, association, or other legal entity, and any union or group of individuals associated in fact although not a legal entity." The broad definition was thought necessary to address the great variety of informal organized crime organizations and the control organized crime has over legitimate businesses.

    "For RICO to apply, the enterprise must be shown to have engaged in a "pattern of racketeering activity," which means that one must show at least two "acts of racketeering activity" over a period of ten years. An "act of racketeering activity" consists of one of a lengthy list of state and federal crimes. Note that the statute does not require conviction of an "act of racketeering activity" but only that the act have been committed.

    "The list of "acts of racketeering activity" includes crimes normally associated with organized crime such as murder, kidnaping, gambling, arson, robbery, bribery, extortion, and dealing in obscenity or drugs. However, the list also includes numerous, less heinous crimes. Well into the list one finds mail fraud and wire fraud. These statutes make it a criminal offense to use the mails or electronic communications in the commission of a crime.

    "When all the pieces are assembled, one can press a RICO claim by showing that a conspiracy existed among individuals or other organizations during which two telephone calls in furtherance of the conspiracy were made in ten years."

    OTOH, IANAL, so who knows?

    --
    "I might have made a tactical error in not going to a physician for 20 years." -- Warren Zevon
  26. Re:The scary thing by tomhudson · · Score: 4, Informative
    A search of the Copyright Office here shows that the only 2 patents that have ever been assigned from Novell (who, last time we all looked, owned the copyrights to the code in question): Corel (1996) and Volera (2001), so the title of the article here is EXTREMELY misleading (so what's new - this is slashdot :-)

    So, what they are doing is just more fud.

    They've not been assigned anything yet, so don't get your knickers in a twist!

    Even if they eventually get the copyright for SysV code, it doesn't matter (see my prior post on this).

  27. Re:The scary thing by Bilbo · · Score: 3, Informative
    > Paying the fee actually opens companies to liability from Linux developers. Because now they have received a copy of Linux code in violation of the GPL

    Looking at the GPL, it sounds like the end users are still safe, unless they try to pass it along and make their customers pay. The GPL states that, even if the software is distributed in violation of the GPL, the software itself remains free, and the end users regain all of the rights the original author put on the software. The only one guilty of violating the contract is the distributor (in this case, SCO) who violated the terms. So, this will open SCO to being liable for distributing software that they do not have rights to, but it still protects the end users.

    --
    Your Servant, B. Baggins
  28. Re:bozos .... by ebh · · Score: 3, Informative

    True story: Back in the day, I worked on UnixWare for Novell, having been assimilated from USL. At one point I had a meeting with a bunch of old-guard Novell engineering managers to discuss companywide process issues. One of those managers asked me, "UnixWare? Does that run under Unix?"

    And anyone wonders how it is that all these Utah companies, cross-pollinated with the same people over decades, so handily ran UnixWare into the ground, despite it being (IMO) a solid and feature-rich OS. A lot of the time we felt like we were working for Xerox.

  29. Re:The scary thing by rnturn · · Score: 3, Informative
    ``I could see them saying that the kernel hackers can't recode the kernel because they have seen SCO's version and will obviously infringe on it.''

    As someone has already stated, they cannot claim that a rewrite of the kernel would be tainted. They have been given a copyright for the SVR4 code which covers the expression of a concept not the concept itself. So what if someone were to rewrite the sections of the Linux kernel that SCO claims are copied from SVR4? Take two kernel programmers. One writes an spec of the functionality of the code in question. S/he hands it off to the second programmer who implements new code based on that spec. Hell, have a laywer from the FSF at the second programmer's side when it's written and stamp it with an FSF copyright notice as soon as the last semicolon is entered. Since they've been granted a copyright and not a patent, SCO cannot protest that.

    Personally, I do not see how SCO can pull this off anyway. They have refused to point out where the alleged copyright violation has taken place -- making it impossible for kernel developers to make the kernel code non-infringing -- and have yet to prove that they are the authors of the code in question (what if they were just granted a copyright on code that can be demonstrated to have originated in BSD Unix?). IBM or someone else with the legal fees available ought to be able to fight this with one hand tied behind their back. A judge should find it easy to force SCO to divulge exactly what lines are in dispute and require SCO to prove that they own those lines. I can claim all day long that some code belongs to me and attempt to charge a license fee for its use. Trouble is that I'd have to prove ownership. I don't think SCO has really done that. I think this would be similar to a company pushing a patent through the process in the face of tons of prior art and then suing everyone in sight. That wouldn't be allowed to go on for long. (Or would it? This is the US legal system after all.) Getting the BSD v.ATT results opened up should go a long way to resolving this dispute. This hasn't seen minute one of real court time yet SCO's acting as though they've already beaten IBM in court. Upon losing the case, SCO would likely wind up having to refund the license fees anyway. That is, if they have any assets left.

    Heck, this is pure stock pump-up and nothing more (SCOX's stock price went up today and volumes are more than double the normal.) They hadn't released any new FUD in several weeks. Guess it was time.

    Hey! Who's for getting some high profile advocates to claim that SCO has pirated BSD code? If they can spread FUD, why can't the open source community? Think SCO can take on a multi-front legal defense while they're on a FUD offensive?

    (caveat: IANAL and all that)

    --
    CUR ALLOC 20195.....5804M
  30. From the US Copyright Office database by Heggsy · · Score: 3, Informative
    A quick search on thisreveals:

    Registered Works Database (Claimant Search)
    Search For: SCO GROUP, INC
    Item 1 of 1
    1. Registration Number: TX-5-705-356
    Title: UNIX system V, release 4.1ES.
    Description: Computer program.
    Note: Printout (20 p.) only deposited.
    Claimant: the SCO Group, Inc.
    Created: 1991
    Published: 27Jun91
    Registered: 30Jun03
    Author on © Application: UNIX System Laboratories, Inc., employer for hire.
    Previous Related Version: Prev. reg. 1992, TXu 510-028, et al.
    Claim Limit: NEW MATTER: revisions.
    Special Codes: 1/C

    (note: The above is taken verbatim from the US Copyright Office online record database)

    So... either SCO only copyrighted 20 pages of code, or you don't need to deposit the whole work with the CO in order to have it copyrighted. Unless the '(20 p.)' above means something entirely different...

    Interesting, all the same.

  31. Re:Mitigating damage by schon · · Score: 3, Informative

    I seem to remember reading that in any kind of civil action like this, the plaintiff has a duty to actively mitigate his damages to the maximum extent possible

    In legalese, this is known as the "doctrine of laches" - and you're 100% correct (I've brought this point up a couple of times in the past.)

    Basically, this is proof that SCO's charges are 100% groundless.. as they refuse to tell anyone what the alleged code is, they are delaring that the value of the code is $0. So the absolute best case scenario for them (assuming they win 100% on all counts) is that Linus is told what lines need to be removed, and is given a year to remove/rewrite them.

    There is no motivation for them to keep the alleged code "secret", because it means even if they win, then they lose.

  32. My opinion of the call by mec · · Score: 4, Informative

    Sontag didn't speak at all.

    Boies spoke a little, but mostly basic stuff. Such as: a copyright owner doesn't have to register the copyright until it's time to file a lawsuit.

    McBride's main points are:

    SCO registered the copyrights from Novell. This gives them a lot more legal ammunition. Before, this was just a contract dispute from IBM. Now, they are opening up another "front" (he used that word) -- everyone who runs Linux is infringing. They can go after people who run Linux, not just people that SCO has pre-existing contracts with.

    It's all about enterprise, SMP, RCU, and so on. It's about Linux kernel 2.4, not linux kernel 2.2.

    SCO is not interested in pursuing individual home Linux users at this time. They are very interested in pursuing enterprise SMP users. They are not pursuing source code distributors such as Red Hat at this time.

    SCO's proposition is: buy a license for UnixWare 7.1.3, and it comes with a covenant from SCO that they won't sue you if you run Linux. They are currently in negotiations with many many companies to sell these licenses. These licenses are run-time binary licenses.

    There was complicated discussion in Question #13, Jonathan Collins, VNU, about the GNU Project and the GPL. I would appreciate if anyone could post a word-for-word transcript for that. The part I got was Boies saying that the UnixWare license "... does not provide protection for people who touch the source code." and McBride said "right".

    McBride said that the literal copying, which they've been exhibiting, came mostly from Unix vendors other than IBM.

    McBride sees SCO as the rightful owner of the "Unix on Intel" market. His position is that Linux usurped that position by offering "Unix on Intel for free", and that Linux did so illegally by copying code from Unix.

    My take on all this ...

    Remember that SCO makes a lot of money from their SCO Source program (funded by Microsoft and Sun). It accounts for 40% of their revenus and ALL of their profit. In fact, the only profit that SCO has made in their entire corporate history comes from this program. They don't have to win the lawsuit, they just have to throw enough mud at Linux so that Microsoft and Sun will keep cutting them checks.

    Also, SCO is not really an independent company. Canopy Group controls SCO. Canopy chose the legal strategy and the lawyers for this initiative. So it's not like SCO is betting the company ... Canopy is betting SCO Group, and if they lose, they have other companies. They'll just buy some more IP and continue their long-time campaign of IP litigation. It worked for Caldera International + DR-DOS (which they bought) and they are trying again with SCO Group + Unix (which they bought).

    (Hey, remember Jeff Merkey and the Timpanogas Research Group, which was developing NTFS and Netware-related software for Linux? Guess who bought them out? Canopy Group.)

    This time around, Canopy isn't going for a pure legal strategy. Legally, their case has big holes in it, such as their distribution of the Linux kernel source after they had actual knowledge of its alleged infringing contents; plus their lack of specific notice to Linux users. Canopy is also going for a strategy of intimidation: buy a $1500 license or we will drag you into the mud.

    But most centrally, Canopy is going for a PR campaign. They already took $8 million to the bank from Microsoft and Sun to wage this anti-Linux campaign, and they expect to collect another $5 million this quarter (McBride estimated $8 million on the last quarterly earnings call, but he has revised the number downwards since then). That's why the legalisms don't matter. Whatever convinces your department manager to put Linux on hold and run Windows or Solaris instead ... that's what matters. That's what SCO Group gets paid for.

  33. Re:Awarded Copyright??? by tomhudson · · Score: 3, Informative
    SCO was not awarded copyright to Unix. They were awarded this: copyright to a 20-page printout of source code for modifications to Unix Sys5 release 4.1 ES. (Library of Congress # TX-5-705-356). Nothing to do with Linux, either.

    It's just another case of /. getting the headline wrong. Mind you, the original story on Yahoo also fucked up.

    What all this actually indicates is that their case doesn't hold much^H^H^Hany water, b/c they have to do more fud, smoke and mirrors.

  34. Funny how... by Sam+Williams · · Score: 3, Informative

    ....there isn't much insider buying happening with SCOX, especially now that we know the company stands to make billions.

    It's like a stock analyst once told me: An insider sale can mean anything -- low confidence, a new pool in the backyard, college tuition for the kids. A buy means only one thing -- somebody on the inside sees the company doing well over the long haul.

  35. Re:In other news... by Directrix1 · · Score: 3, Informative

    Here, is where I think SCOs major flaw in their argument is, the GPL circa Jan 28, 1999 explicitly states in its preamble:
    To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.

    For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their rights.

    Refer to way back machine: http://web.archive.org/web/19990128195748/www.gnu. org/copyleft/gpl.html

    And seeing as how SCO has been distributing Linux which had their code in the kernel. They have thusly, knowingly or not, distributed their rights, to the GPLd code in question, to the public. Because, of the statement above. Or if you want to hear it straight from GNU's statement:
    ...
    Moreover, there are straightforward legal reasons why SCO's assertions concerning claims against the kernel or other free software are likely to fail. As to its trade secret claims, which are the only claims actually made in the lawsuit against IBM, there remains the simple fact that SCO has for years distributed copies of the kernel, Linux, as part of GNU/Linux free software systems. Those systems were distributed by SCO in full compliance with GPL, and therefore included complete source code. So SCO itself has continuously published, as part of its regular business, the material which it claims includes its trade secrets. There is simply no legal basis on which SCO can claim trade secret liability in others for material it widely and commercially published itself under a license that specifically permitted unrestricted copying and distribution.
    ...

    --
    Occam's razor is the blind faith in the natural selection of least resistance and in universal oversimplification. -- EF
  36. Re:"We would prefer licensing to litigation," McBr by tomhudson · · Score: 3, Informative
    Their total deposit was 20 lines

    Since they are required to deposit the first 25 and last 25 pages (50, and they only deposited 20 pages in total, and one of them has to be the copyright notice page, that means they deposited their code in its' entirety.

    So now we're down to 19 pages, of which how much is comments, white space, etc?

    It's just a "modification to Unix SysV release 4.1 ES". Doesn't seem to be something important enough to get on the front page of google news, and certainly not something Linux users need to pay attention to.

  37. Re:It's important now, to act. by epiphani · · Score: 3, Informative

    I have an idea that might wake the corporate world up to what the Open Source world is capable of.

    51% of SCO is around 6.5 million shares. Shares are selling at around $11 a peice.

    Lets say we get a million open source coders and supporters to buy 7 shares each. Thats an investment of less than $100 per person.

    We take our voting majority, and run SCO promptly into the ground - eating that $77 loss per person.

    And we do so loudly. We make it known before we begin that SCO has messed with something it shouldnt have, and now they'll observe the true power of the force.. err .. the source.

    Though, someone a little more prominent has to call for this. If Linus did it, we might accually pull it off.

    --
    .