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Toshiba Pushes Safe, Small Nuclear Reactor Design
core plexus writes "This article describes a proposal from a Japanese corporation that wants to thrust the Interior Alaska community of Galena into international limelight by donating a new, unconventional electricity-generating plant that would light and heat the Yukon River village pollution-free for 30 years. There's a catch, of course. It's a nuclear reactor. Not a huge, Three Mile Island-type power plant but a new generation of small nuclear reactor about the size of a big spruce tree. Designers say the technology is safe, simple and cheap enough to replace diesel-fired generators as the primary energy source for villages across rural Alaska."
"The word 'nuclear' makes me nervous," said Randy Virgin of the Alaska Center for the Environment. "But we've long seen the problems with diesel, and I'm pretty excited about the prospect of a clean source of energy," he said. "It sounds very promising, but I'd approach it with extreme skepticism."
There is soooo much less polution from nuclear reactors given the probability of worst case scenarios versus the diesel they are currently using. Why are we still burning fossel fuels!@!#@#!@!#
They arent in a location very suitable for wind/solar either, so nuclear seems like the best non-renewable solution.
Such a backwards society we live in, when technology is available and safe, and we delay in implementation.
[I can picture a world without war, without hate. I can picture us attacking that world, because they'd never expect it]
They live in harsh conditions and don't romanticize about it. Something like this would make life easier...wonder how many gallons of fuel oil a village goes through a year.
Blar.
There's actually some sound reasoning behind this. By putting such a nuclear reactor in a small village, they will be able to provide power to the entire surrounding area instead of just a fraction. If this was placed in a large city, you would have to somehow partition the power grid into small pieces. Not impossible, but not as easy as simply replacing the diesel generators at this small village.
They may also be trying to market this specifically as a solution for those small, remote sites. Imagine how much diesel fuel would be burned over the course of thirty years -- then realize that a small amount of nuclear fuel could do the same job. Yes, yes, I know that nuclear waste will last much longer than thirty years. The advantage, however, is that nuclear waste is much more manageable and, if taken care of properly, is not as damaging to the environment.
Cheers,
-a
I think placing spent fuel into subduction zones on the sea floor, so that they get recycled would be a good idea.
I drank what? -- Socrates
Except that its in a hardened, sealed concrete enclosure, meaning there would be no way to access the material short of digging it up, and then using a jackhammer and doing some welding to get inside the facility. On top of this you'd have to shut the reactor down, so you'd have an entire village that knows something is up. Add to that that this is NON-WEAPONS grade Uranium, and there is much less motivation. If a bad guy wanted just plane radioactive material there are far far far easier ways to get a hold of it, than these reactors.
It's got a design where it needs mechanical energy to stay critical, so it can't break down and stay critical, and over-production won't increase the production rate. It doesn't irradiate the parts that could need to be serviced or any liquids. It contains the fuel needed for 30 years, which isn't that much in terms of a big plant (121 days supply for a normal-sized plant). Won't need to be changed for 30 years, and it'll be pretty obvious if someone tries to steal the core.
The only problem I can see with it (aside from public perception) is that it involves a shaft dug into permafrost. I'd be somewhat worried that a wet fall followed by a sudden cold spell could lead to the shaft getting crushed.
Of course, it will be hard to sell people on, despite the fact that this is probably a much safer thing to have in your back yard than a gas main. I'd like one in my back yard, except for the fact that it's not cost-effective to run, unless you're in the middle of nowhere in a place without sunlight.
The typical response with most nuclear devices is "not in my backyard". However, the technology used in modern reactors is exactly the type I DO want. And yes, they can put it in my backyard (heck, they can put it on my property for free, in exchange for free hydrogen, electricty, and heat). I hadn't considered Alaska as a retirement location, but where do I sign up?
Can You Say Linux? I Knew That You Could.
What's the other major accident? Everyone knows about Chernobyl, of course. And everyone talks about TMI, but the fact is that there is not a single death traceable to TMI, and there was basically no release of anything harmful.
The actual proportion in France is 75% of electric power generation from nuclear. Another 15% is other "clean" power, such as hydro. The remaining 10% is evil dirty "burning stuff" electricity. I live pretty close to about five reactors here, and I feel pretty safe. It's preferable to having a bunch of coal plants dumping crap (including a fair amount of uranium!) into the air.
Nuclear really is the way to go. The only major accident, Chernobyl, was only possible due to the collusion of a horribly unsafe plant design, and moronic operators who decided to run an experiment (i.e. try something out that was way beyond the design specs) and turn off all of the safety systems while they were doing it. So, surprise surprise, the thing made a big KABOOM.
If coal plants had to live under the same radiation emission guidelines as nuclear power, they would never be able to operate. So I agree completely, get rid of nuclear phobias (in other countries, there doesn't seem to be a lot of it here!) and get rid of heavy pollution in electrical generation.
Mod down posts with a "Free Mac Mini/iPod" sig, they're spam!
90% of the problem with nuclear power is the tremendous ignorance of people regarding it.
Dangerous nuclear waste hangs around for a couple of weeks. The 50,000 year stuff is all low-level stuff. People living in Colorado will get more radiation mowing their yards.
We're constantly bombarded with radiation NOW. Everywhere. In the food we eat, in the water we drink, in the air we breathe.
A major nuclear disaster would be, well, like Chernobyl. Really bad in the surrounding area, Nothing at all a hundred miles away.
But Chernobyl does bring out the biggest danger with nuclear power. idiot bureaucrats running the reactors.
You can tell a great deal about the character of a man by observing those who hate him.
In a worst case scenario with a nuclear powerplant, we're talking about, what, 50,000 years until it's safe again?
Nothing like that. Heck, people still live in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, which were subjected to far worse than what a nuclear powerplant would do. (Although it's possible that cancer incidence is still slightly higher there -- lots less than the equivalent risk from, say, smoking tobacco.)
Chernobyl was just about the worst case scenario for a nuclear plant -- and that was a really stupid design with a positive void coefficient and a graphite moderator -- which caught fire when the cooling water boiled away. Chernobyl still isn't the best place to hang out for very long, but there are other places that can be naturally more dangerous (such as downhill from a lake that occasionally bubbles toxic gases, such as the one that wiped out a village in Africa some years ago, or the valleys in geologically active regions that can collect lethal levels of sulfide gases and kill the occasional unwary hiker, and so on.)
Oh, and as for "Nuklear Power plant has a jet that flies into it.", in the US and Canada at least (and probably most other places), the result is a flattened jet and maybe a few scratches and scorch marks on the (many feet thick, reinforced, densified) concrete of the containment building.
-- Alastair
Again, RTFA. The steam loop is secondary. The primary loop is liquid sodium and located below ground. You'd have to be one fancy driver to even hit the secondary loop, considering that it's in the middle of a concrete building, and getting to the primary loop would be nigh impossible. Furthermore, security around nuclear power plants tends to be pretty tight. When's the last time you heard of any one, anywhere in the world, getting an unauthorized pickup near a reactor building, or even onto a campus?
The Spoon
Updated 6/28/2011
(I used to operate a nuclear reactor, so I have some idea what I'm talking about here).
I'm a bit skeptical about the reflector mechanism: certainly, it makes sense to use a neutron reflector to modulate reactor output. But the business about "if the sleeve moves too fast, then the reactor's lifespan is simply shorted" doesn't make any sense to me.
The lifetime of most reactors is determined by the buildup of "poisons" (neutron-absorbing waste products) in the fuel, which is why reprocessing plants work so well: unlike a coal plant, a nuclear plant generally doesn't get more than a small fraction of the available energy out of its fuel, so you can chemically repair the fuel and use it again.
But the buildup of poisons in the fuel is dependent on the total amount of energy released so far. So moving the reflector too fast should either (A) produce more heat or (B) not affect the lifetime of the core very much. Toshiba seems to be claiming (not-A) and (not-B), which doesn't jive (prima facie) with reactor physics.