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Technological Flights Of Fancy That Fizzled

prostoalex writes "MSNBC's Alan Boyle takes a look at seven futuristic dreams for the past that never managed to materialize into anything substantial in this 21st century. At the top of the list are flying cars, with personal jetpacks, passenger airships, supersonic commercial flights, space travel and colonies, with propulsion breakthroughs completing the list."

16 of 404 comments (clear)

  1. Passenger airships by ericspinder · · Score: 5, Informative

    It was a pretty good article, but very weak on the Hindenburg details, many people seem to aggree these days that it was not the hydrogen that exploded, but the fabric.

    Of course the Hindenburg is a fine example of how important a picture could be. Only thirty seven people died (97 lived), yet the burning fireball caught on film managed to kill decent method of long range travel. Of course there are a couple of other problems with airships, like they don't do too well in strong winds, and they take a lot of "man handling" at the field, but in some applications they might make good sense.

    --
    The grass is only greener, if you don't take care of your own lawn.
    1. Re:Passenger airships by Evil+Adrian · · Score: 3, Informative

      Here's a link to some research into what actually happened.

      From the page: "We can say with the utmost certainly that the Hindenburg disaster of May 6, 1937 was caused by the very fabric of the great vessel itself."

      --
      evil adrian
    2. Re:Passenger airships by drakaan · · Score: 4, Informative
      The highly flamabble cloth you're scoffing at was coated with (among other things) powdered aluminum. For those of you who didn't already know, that's the key combustible component in solid rocket fuel. There has been at least one pretty good special on Discovery about it, and they tested some of the fabric to see if they could reproduce the results. Here are some things I recall from that special:
      • The skin of the dirigible was coated with powdered aluminum (aluminum oxide?)
      • There were special vents at the top of the blimp to vent leaking hydrogen
      • Hydrogen burns in a hard-to-see blue flame
      • solid rocket fuel burns a bright reddish-orange
      • the hindenburg burned a bright reddish-orange

      There was a lot more to the show than that, but I was sufficiently convinced that the dirigible's skin did them in, not the Hydrogen.

      --
      "Murphy was an optimist" - O'Toole's commentary on Murphy's Law
    3. Re:Passenger airships by WolfWithoutAClause · · Score: 4, Informative

      The fabric wasn't merely flammable, it contained both aluminum powder and iron oxide. That combination is called 'thermite', and it needs no oxygen to react; so the fabric was approximately explosive.

      --

      -WolfWithoutAClause

      "Gravity is only a theory, not a fact!"
    4. Re:Passenger airships by Waffle+Iron · · Score: 4, Informative
      Of course there are a couple of other problems with airships, like they don't do too well in strong winds, and they take a lot of "man handling" at the field

      That's an understatement. When you need a vehicle almost as large as the Titanic to move a few dozen passengers at 80 mph max, you know you've going to have a hard time maintaining profit margins.

      What's worse is the tendency for these things to get literally ripped apart any time they wander too near a wind storm. This happened to a couple of U.S. Navy helium-filled airships, as well as quite a few others from other countries.

      I don't have the exact stats, but my understanding is that there were more crashes and disintegrations of dirigibles than fireballs. It also seems like more of them ended up crashing than retiring gracefully.

    5. Re:Passenger airships by fredmosby · · Score: 2, Informative

      Helium has 20% of the lifting power of hydrogen

      Really, I thought the buoyant force of an object was equal to the weight of the air it displaced. The Earth's atmosphere has an average molecular weight of around 30 g/mol, H2 has a molecular weight of 2, helium has a molecular weight of 4. So for every mole of air displaced hydrogen would lift 28 grams, versus 26 grams for the same volume using helium.

      Hydrogen weighs half as much as helium. So using one gram of hydrogen you could lift more than twice as much as with 1 gram of helium. But from a design standpoint is isn't the mass of the gas that matters, it's the volume of the structure required to contain the gas.

      Looking at the costs versus benefits, hydrogen is harder to contain, more dangerous, and doesn't lift significantly more than hydrogen. I think the only reason the Germans used hydrogen is they didn't want to ask the Americans for helium.

    6. Re:Passenger airships by mentaldrano · · Score: 2, Informative
      Yes, I do indeed mean solid hydogen. Unlike helium, which will never solidify at normal pressures no matter the temperature, hydrogen can be frozen into a solid. This hydrogen is not metallic, however. The predicted (but as yet unobserved) metallic state of hydrogen exists only at very high pressures. Hydrogen used in nuclear weapons is at atmospheric pressure (before the bomb goes off, anyway).

      By the way, the center of Jupiter is probably heavy elements (metals) and hydrocarbons surrounded by a layer of metallic hydrogen. One bit of evidence for this is the fact that Jupiter emits more heat than the sun gives it, probably due to radioactive decay of those heavy elements.

  2. Re:Supersonic Travel - Tragic Loss by BobTheLawyer · · Score: 2, Informative

    Concorde was a huge financial failure.

    And that's when the planes were *given* to British Airways and Air France, with the governments absorbing the huge R&D spend as well as the manufacturing costs.

    It was that and the fact the supply of replacement parts was about to dry up which killed Concorde, not the accidents.

    Sadly supersonic travel will remain the province of the military and the rich unless someone can work out a way for a plane to travel supersonic economically. Query if this is possible.

  3. Well, compared to before it almost did... by Kjella · · Score: 2, Informative

    In the letters to the editor section, someone was wondering if it was worth taking a course in TV repair because with the release of the Phillips Modular design it will be easy for anyone to fix their own TV so the repair industry would become obsolete.

    My dad was a computer technician, in the days when computers (and computer terminals in stores etc.) would actually get fixed, like in hardware. They'd get refurbished, bad solders would get fixed, radio tubes would get switched, replace a bad transistor, that kind of thing. Now, SOP is to cycle through the cards with replacements, or more and more often just swap the entire box for a duplicate. It's basicly gone from being a real technical profession to being a mindnumbing job with hardly any skill requirements. He's retired now, got out at early retirement with 55(!), just in time.

    Judging by the cost of having anything repaired compared to new electronics, I think less and less gets repaired outside of warranty. Even warranty claims are often replaced, not repaired. There's simply no money in having a $$$ specialist going over a device, finding defects, getting replacement parts, replacing them and put it back together again. That is if they're not so damn small and integrated you simply couldn't fix them except with highly specalized tools.

    In particular not when the cost is the same or even higher than the costs of industrial robots producing one more unit somewhere in Asia. Then you even get a completely new device, not an old device where something else is probably going to break soon. So yes, the repair business really has died down - but not in the way the letter-writer thought it would be.

    Kjella

    --
    Live today, because you never know what tomorrow brings
  4. Author of the story left a couple of things out... by vudufixit · · Score: 2, Informative

    1. Solotrek is no longer developing their Solotrek XFV. They auctioned off the existing prototype(s) after burning through their capital. At this point they're just a shell company making money licensing their vehicle for movie use. Mr. Boyle mentions the licensing, but not the near defunct status of SoloTrek.

    2. The Breakthrough Physics Project always had tenuous status budgetarily, and it was finally killed off. Mr. Boyle doesn't mention the defunct status of this either. It's a shame the bean counters killed it, since it was mostly "thought experiments" performed by some of NASA's brightest and most forward-thinking scientists.

    The information I mentioned above is right off the websites of Solotrek and the BPP, repectively.

  5. The new ships don't need a large ground crew. by Moderation+abuser · · Score: 4, Informative

    A 1/3 chance of surviving a jet crash? Nope.

    The new airships like the Zeppelin NT and the ATG machines can use vectored thrust to reduce the number of ground crew required, the power/size ratio and construction methodology is also enough to allow flight in much stronger winds than the first generation machines at the start of the 20th century. They can operate within similar weather conditions to other aircraft like helicopters and light aeroplanes.

    http://www.zeppelin-nt.com/pages/D/bilder_u_thum .h tm

    The airship wasn't killed from long range travel just by the film of the Hindenberg disaster, though it certainly didn't help. The much higher speed and lower cost of the aeroplanes did more damage and I don't see that changing for A->B travel in the near future.

    I think however there's a niche similar to the one cruise liners operate within which I believe airships could fill. A world cruise on something like the Hindenberg would be absolutely fantastic. Then there's the obvious military/police patrol and observation platforms.

    --
    Government of the people, by corporate executives, for corporate profits.
  6. Here is your answer! by mekkab · · Score: 2, Informative

    Our own history of Jetpacks and why they kinda went nowhere...

    --
    In the future, I would want to not be isolated from my friends in the Space Station.
  7. Re:That fireball did wonders for the Concorde too. by lowmagnet · · Score: 2, Informative

    Come on, everybody knows that like several other companies, PanAM fell to the BladeRunner curse:

    Someone once noticed that a number of the companies whose logos appeared in BR had financial difficulties after the film was released. Atari had 70% of the home console market in 1982, but faced losses of over $2 million in the first quarter of 1991. Bell lost it's monopoly in 1982. Pan-Am filed for bankruptcy protection in 1991. Soon after Blade Runner was released, Coca-Cola released their "new formula", resulting in losses of millions of dollars. It is interesting to note that since then, the Coca-Cola company has seen the biggest growth of any American company in history. Cusinart filed for bankruptcy protection in July 1989.

    From the BladeRunner Faq (one of many copies)

    --
    Heute die Welt, morgen das Sonnensystem!
  8. Never went back? by Keighvin · · Score: 2, Informative

    Over a 3 year span following the first moon landing the US *did* go back a few (5) times:

    Apollo Lunar Missions (w/successful landings):
    Apollo 11
    Launched 16 July 1969
    Landed on Moon 20 July 1969
    Sea of Tranquility
    Returned to Earth 24 July 1969

    Apollo 12
    Launched 14 November 1969
    Landed on Moon 19 November 1969
    Ocean of Storms
    Returned to Earth 24 November 1969

    Apollo 14
    Launched 31 January 1971
    Landed on Moon 5 February 1971
    Fra Mauro
    Returned to Earth 9 February 1971

    Apollo 15
    Launched 26 July 1971
    Landed on Moon 30 July 1971
    Hadley Rille
    Returned to Earth 7 August 1971

    Apollo 16
    Launched 16 April 1972
    Landed on Moon 20 April 1972
    Descartes
    Returned to Earth 27 April 1972

    Apollo 17
    Launched 07 December 1972
    Landed on Moon 11 December 1972
    Taurus-Littrow
    Returned to Earth 19 December 1972

    Granted, it's been a while; but I wouldn't say "Never. Went. Back."

    --
    Any spoon would be too big.
  9. Re:Went to the moon .. and then .... ummmm....... by drinkypoo · · Score: 3, Informative

    We really don't know if we could terraform any of the other planets in our solar system into something human-viable in a reasonable short period of time, say just a few hundred years. We certainly won't know if we don't get more information. The best way to rapidly get more information is to send a bunch of humans to other planets and have them conduct studies. The primary target for such an endeavor because of its currently relatively earth-like conditions (compared to other planets in the solar system) is of course Mars.

    Profitability is not the only criteria which should be considered in which government projects to fund and which not. The space program has helped advance many branches of science. Unfortunately it's been doing pretty much the same thing for too long now - the farther you reach, the more lies within your grasp.

    --
    "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
  10. Re:Akron and Macon by Waffle+Iron · · Score: 2, Informative
    Not sure they were ripped apart instead of running out of lift.

    At least one was.... (let me go to the bookshelf to pull out "The Great Dirigibles, their Triumphs and Disasters" by John Toland) ... thumb, thumb... There's a picture with the following caption: "Tail section of the Shanandoah, which was torn in three parts by a storm, near Ava, Ohio, on the morning of September 3, 1925." Another caption notes that the nose section landed 10 miles away.

    I suppose if only they had had Internet service back then with the local weather radar updates they could have avoided a lot of grief.