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Danger Of Strong Electromagnetic Fields

blueworld writes "U.S. Department of Energy researchers have discovered a possible cause for reported illness around high voltage power lines. They found that rats' bodies produced high levels of ozone when exposed to strong electrical fields. Electrically grounded water produced the same result when exposed to the fields. Apparently, the water in our bodies may be responsible for the health risks of high voltage power lines."

22 of 146 comments (clear)

  1. Textbook case of Begging the Question by b-baggins · · Score: 3, Insightful
    Apparently, the water in our bodies may be responsible for the health risks of high voltage power lines."

    Nothing like a little begging the question fallacy to get your day started. (Hint: there is no demonstrated evidence that being anywhere near a high power line is harmful at all. Witness the astounding lack of corpses of all varieties along the millions of miles of high power lines crossing the United States.)

    --
    You can tell a great deal about the character of a man by observing those who hate him.
    1. Re:Textbook case of Begging the Question by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny
      there is no demonstrated evidence that being anywhere near a high power line is harmful at all.
      Well, that rather depends on your definition of near. I mean, I wouldn't throw a rope over one and try to climb up, especially when it's raining. Know what I mean?
    2. Re:Textbook case of Begging the Question by ajagci · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Nothing like a little begging the question fallacy to get your day started. (Hint: there is no demonstrated evidence that being anywhere near a high power line is harmful at all. Witness the astounding lack of corpses of all varieties along the millions of miles of high power lines crossing the United States.)

      Well, golly, by your argument cigarettes cannot be killing anyone either, then. I mean, when was the last time you saw a corpse with a lit cigarette in his mouth?

      Is there any evidence that being near high power lines is harmful? I have no idea. Cancer is so frequent that if power lines cause thousands of people to get cancer, it would probably be very hard to detect. And, since such simple matters of civilization seem to elude you, people who get cancer generally die in hospitals.

      So, because such effects are hard and costly to detect through population studies, people look for causal relationships and mechanisms. You know, the kinds of relationships and mechanisms apologists for businesses, Republicans, and power companies always demand.

    3. Re:Textbook case of Begging the Question by hey! · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Welll, your sort of right, but you may be throwing people off with your "bodies" rhetoric.

      Naturally, we aren't looking for corpses around high voltage lines. What we are looking at are statistically significant differences in rates of illness. Naturally, if you measure illness rates in two different populations, they will differ somewhat due to chance.

      We have a number of studies out there some of which show sigificantly higher rates. However a single such study is not conclusive. One out of twenty experiments conducted on identical populations will falsely identify a significant difference between them. So generally, when looking at a pattern of studies in which usually no difference is found, but in which a few studies indicate there may be something, the simplest conclusion is that there is that the positive results were due to chance, especially if there is no plausible physical mechanism for there to be an effect.

      However you can't be entirely sure that the difference between our small number of positive studies and large number of negative studies aren't due to some subtle difference in methodology, either explicit or implicit. That's the nature of science -- you are never really 100% sure. So if there is a plausible, lab observable mechanism found where there was none before, it is worth looking at past studies to see if difference in things like the definition of "proximity" may play a role in results given this mechanism. It might be worthwhile to even design some studies which take this effect into account.

      However, basically I'm with you -- I don't think there is convincing evidence now that there is any effect.

      --
      Post may contain irony: discontinue use if experiencing mood swings, nausea or elevated blood pressure.
  2. Ways to cope? by spin2cool · · Score: 5, Interesting
    Before running out and unplugging your negative=ion air-freshener, keep in mind that the rats were consistently positioned extremely close to the source. This is a different condition than would be experienced in most situations.

    Still, the study identifies another potential health risk. So, what are some ways that we can reduce the potential damage? Some sort of sheilding on power lines? Are there any materials that can cheaply stop this type of radiation and it's effects?

    A diet high in anti-oxidants is one easy way to at least limit the damage... (Free radicals caused by the decomposition of 03 as it attacks are responsible for much of the damage. Anti-oxidants can help prevent this).

    1. Re:Ways to cope? by penguiniator · · Score: 4, Insightful
      Whenever it is reported that something may be a "possible cause" it means that there is no evidence, that the link is pure speculation. When so-called environmentalists went after power lines they sponsored studies to show a correlation between tissue heating caused by exposure to electric fields and rates of cancer. Their results were inconclusive and contradictory. Most studies found no correlation whatsoever. Tissue heating is far more pronounced by simply taking a walk in the sunshine. And it is not tissue heating that is a problem there; it is ultraviolet light, which is known to cause skin cancer.

      That didn't stop the FCC from issueing exposure limit guidelines and requiring licensees to learn complex formulas for evaluating exposure risks at their radio stations. This was off-putting enough for many licensees that it resulted in the removal of antennas from the roofs of many tall buildings.

      All of it was driven purely by politics. I personally had to spend a couple of days learning about this crap when upgrading my amateur radio licence from Technician to General class.

      To understand how ridiculous this all is, just think about the inverse square law.

      But I digress. To create exposure guidelines and counter-measures when there is absolutely no evidence of risk is laughable.

      --
      ZZ
    2. Re:Ways to cope? by barakn · · Score: 5, Informative
      just think about the inverse square law

      I thought about it, and realized it applies to point sources, while a power line is a linear source following an inverse law, at least when one is closer to the line than the line is long.

      --
      "I'm so moist I'm sticking to the leather." -Kermit the Frog on The Late Late Show
  3. Re:the article is wrong by ed333 · · Score: 5, Informative
    Actually, it says that exposure to the coronal discharge from a strong electromagnetic field causes ozone production in animals.

    From the article:

    "Negative-ion air generators usually don't produce much ozone and there is evidence that negative ions do clean the air and may provide health benefits."

    So, perhaps you should read a bit closer.

  4. I knew It! by sjoplin · · Score: 5, Funny
  5. Scientific Urban Legend by Michael.Forman · · Score: 5, Informative


    The jump to link this observed creation of ozone with the popularly held belief that power lines adversely affect health is erroneous.

    In the original study which created the popular myth that power lines cause illness, the authors correctly found a correlation between living in the proximity of power lines and leukemia rates but never found causation. After much debate it was revealed years later that traffic density has an even greater correlation with the observed leukemia rates and provides a well understood and now obvious causation -- pollution. It just happens that power lines exist in areas of greater traffic density. Unfortunately, the general public was never copied on the second corrected paper and to this day believe that power lines have adverse health effects, when they instead should be worried about pollution from traffic.

    Although the article states that the creation of ozone around power lines could be a health risk, the quantity of ozone created for various transmission structures is never quantified and nor compared with ambient urban polution. Thus at worst it is yet another vehicle for the propagation of a scientific urban legend or at best a warning to shut of indoor air ionizers whose output of ozone can lead to concentrations in excess those present of ambient pollution levels.

    Michael.

    --
    Linux : Mac :: VW : Mercedes
  6. Great! by stjobe · · Score: 3, Funny

    Let's all gather rats and put them under high voltage power lines and that pesky hole in the ozone layer will soon be but a memory!

    --
    "Total destruction the only solution" - Bob Marley
  7. Then maybe you need to read up on some(+) by Mycroft_514 · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Because there is a specific health risk. The risk near a power line is NOT an URBAN LEGEND

    I speak from doing a bunch of research on this problem, after finding out that Electromagnetic radiation was one of the seven possible causes for the cancer that I survived.

    The electromagnetic field (EMF) is not harmful IN AND OF ITSELF. In conjunction with how the body works, some people are subject to some of it's effects. To whit: An EMF field will cause already existing cancer cells to grow faster than normal. Of itself, this is not fatal, as you have to have the cells in the body to start with.

    Some schools think that the body causes cancer cells to grow all the time. The body's immune system then kills off the bad cells while leaving the good ones alone. In the presence of an EMF field, the body has to work harder, and once it loses the battle, the cancer will grow out of control.

    As I found out, the transition out of such a field to the hospital for a week made me feel better, and when I re-entered the field for a while, I felt worse. The best decision that we apparently made for that time was to permanently remove me from the field, though we didn't know it was even there at the time (in hindsite, we recognized the source of the EMF)

  8. water in our bodies may be responsible by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Yes, is it the water's fault. Not the radiation, no, the water.

    So, if I cut my jugular vein, why do I die? Is it because of the knifet? No, it is because my heart pumps the blood out of me. The heart is to blame.

  9. Yum? by MachDelta · · Score: 4, Funny
    A diet high in anti-oxidants is one easy way to at least limit the damage...
    Y'know, I tried drinking some Oxiclean once, but the taste was just horrible. I don't know how anyone could possibly supplement their diets with that disgusting stuff.


    Hm?
    Oooh... Anti-oxidants...
  10. Excellent! by SLot · · Score: 4, Funny

    Yet another reason to replace all the water in my body with scotch!

    Thank you /.!

  11. Saccharin by funwithBSD · · Score: 3, Interesting

    So soon people forget the Saccharin f

    This finding immediately triggered the threat of the so-called "Delaney Clause," a congressionally mandated provision that requires the Food and Drug Administration to ban--literally "at the drop of a rat"--any synthetic food chemical shown to cause cancer when ingested by laboratory animals. ...

    Saccharin's reputation was further tarnished, however, in 1981, when the National Toxicology Program, referring again to the Canadian rat study, elected to put saccharin in its "cancer causing" list-- formally declaring it an "anticipated human carcinogen."

    There was no scientific basis for such a classification of saccharin as a human cancer hazard.

    Taken from: http://www.acsh.org/press/editorials/saccharin0517 00.html

    The pseudo science of it was that the rats were give enough saccharin to make a 55 gallon drum of soda...

    On topic, I have an ozone/ion air cleaner and it does a great job doing what I want it to do... keeping the house smelling clean.

    --
    Never answer an anonymous letter. - Yogi Berra
  12. Re:There was an article on this(+) by Hal-9001 · · Score: 3, Informative
    The danger level is achieving 1 Telsa in the body. Now power lines may not reach that level (the EMF strength is reduced as the square of the distance after all), but things like electrical power meter boxes DO reach that kind of strength for a radius of 2-3 feet, and I was sleeping in such a field (there were 16 boxes on the other side of the wall. Based upon measurements of a single box in our house by the electric company, those boxes may have been producing as much as 25 Telsa at the point of my head, and less down the length of my body. That's thru a stone wall from the other side too.)

    Where on earth did you live that you were subjected to an EMF field of 25 Tesla?! A typical MRI machine only generates a magnetic field of about 1 Tesla (see, for example, this link), and high magnetic field laboratories only achieve magnetic fields on the order of 10 Tesla with specially designed electromagnets powered by very high currents with lots of cooling (see, for example, this link) and only within small (maybe a cubic foot) volumes. I do hope that you can provide a citation to this article which claims causation between EMF and cancer, because I am only aware of studies claiming correlation between the two.
    --
    "It take 9 months to bear a child, no matter how many women you assign to the job."
  13. Failure to Publish Negative Results by MissMarvel · · Score: 4, Insightful

    What bothered me most about this article was not its suggestion that EMFs may be in part responsible for certain cancers. What bothered me was learning this research team failed to publish the results of an experiment which yeilded exactly opposite results from what they expected. Wouldn't this negative result have been just as valuable to the scientific community, even though it was not what was anticipated?

    It makes one wonder how often this happens? How much more would we know if negative results weren't suppressed?

  14. Unpublished study? by AB3A · · Score: 4, Insightful
    From the article:
    Goheen recalled an experiment done years ago by researchers in San Francisco.

    Nowhere in the text did it say who did that study and whether it had review of any sort. They continued this silliness...
    ...three rats were exposed in close proximity to a device producing 10 kilovolts -- about what negative-ion air fresheners produce.

    The ambient level of ozone in the air before the device was turned on was about 10-20 parts per billion (ppb).

    When the electrical device was switched on, Goheen and his colleagues reported ozone levels spiked as high as 200 ppb -- about twice the "chronic" level allowed by federal regulators in a workplace setting.
    First Dumb question: How large were the rats and how much space did they take up in cage with the ionized air? Ok, I know it wasn't that much space, but don't ignore the effect.

    Second dumb question: they're writing a research paper about three rats? Did they mention controls?

    Third dumb question: How do KiloVolts relate to Ozone production? Shouldn't current also be a part of this?

    Ok, Now I have to ask the question I've been asking for a long time while reading so much research of this sort: Who reviews this stuff? Why do we let these jokers get away with publishing such irrelevant twaddle in the guise of honest research? I've seen better high school science fair projects. These folks ought to be ashamed of themselves.
    --
    Nearly fifty percent of all graduates come from the bottom half of the class!
  15. Magnetic vs. electric fields by barakn · · Score: 3, Interesting
    The original 1979 study that purported to find a link between power lines and cancer didn't actually measure field strengths directly, instead guessing based on wiring codes. Later studies attempted to correlate various diseases with the actual measured strength of the magnetic field (here's an informative link with a good list of ref.'s at the bottom). This was done for an interesting reason. Humans are bags of saltwater and so conduct electricity well. Thus electric fields tend to be attenuated greatly by the human body. Magnetic fields can travel relatively unimpeded into the body, and it was thought that the magnetic fields would thus be the greater danger.

    If ozone is the problem and it is generated by the electric field, then most of the studies done so far are irrelevant because they never measured electric field strengths. This will be rather difficult to study, as the lungs are most susceptible to ozone, and contributions to lung problems from smoking and air pollution will have to be subtracted. Smoking correlates with poverty level, and poverty level and the proximity of major roadways correlate well with each other and with the placement of high-voltage lines. It's going to be a huge statistical mess.

    Note that I'm not worried enough to step away from the computer....

    --
    "I'm so moist I'm sticking to the leather." -Kermit the Frog on The Late Late Show
  16. Re:You misread what I said(+) by barawn · · Score: 3, Informative

    Based upon an electric company measurement, a electric meter box will general a 1 telsa field thru a stone wall (on the other side of the wall of a cinder block wall).

    A 1T field will cause a hammer to stick to it almost a meter away, and walking near it with metal-toed boots will make you feel lighter. It will also erase credit cards, etc. 2.5T is an absolutely massive magnetic field. You can generally only get it with superconducting magnets, because you need a completely throbbing amount of current in a toroid.

    I highly think your numbers are really really wrong. By that argument, a compass would still point towards an electric meter box from well more than 10 feet away! (If it's just the static field from a net current, it'd be an absolutely huge distance away : 2 miles! The static field from a net current drops as 1/D, not 1/D^3).

    It should also be noted that magnetic induction is vector, not scalar: it doesn't add simply. Likely if you had several in a room, you could get any combination of all of the fields, including zero.

    I would believe 2.5 mT, not 2.5 T. Even that's still a huge field. 1 A, at 1 meter, will give you about 1 milligauss. At 1 foot, then, it'd be *3* milligauss, or so. Maybe 9 if it's a bunch of conductors. Say 10 milligauss.

    You'd then have to have 1 million amperes of current to generate 1 T.

    Check those numbers again.

  17. Some vs. Too Much by DynaSoar · · Score: 4, Informative

    Some have noted the incongruous ionizer ad on the page with the article. Others made statements regarding their own (apparently harmless) ionizer, or other relevant facts that seem to refute a basic point in the article. Well, they don't.

    There is an optimum level of hyperoxides in the mammilian system. Too much and you get toxic damage and cell death. Too little and you get infections. This is the chemical portion of your immune system. You have an endocrine process for keeping it at the proper level. Your cells produce superoxide dismutase to rid themselves of excess hyperoxides (primarily hydrogen peroxide, H2O2). Things that suppress superoxide dismutase riase the amount of superoxides in your body and help fight infections. Up to a point.

    Now, are anti-oxidants good for you? Only if you don't take too much, otherwise you weaken your immune system. Are hyperoxides (ozone, H202) good for you? Only up to a point, otherwise you fry your cells with oxidative stress. Then again, in some cases this isn't a bad thing. Cancer, which is cell reproduction and metabolism run wild, lives on anaerobic processes. Excess oxygen, particularly as hyperoxides, can kill it.

    All of this is based on the work of Otto Warburg. He won the Nobel in medicine twice for this stuff. Its usefullness as well as its theoretical implications (which bear directly on the lack of understanding as to why this experiment would be significant if it holds up) are pretty much ignored these days, and that's a damn shame.

    We're mostly equally ignorant of the finer implications of water in biological systems, ushc as the role of polymerized water at cell membranes. Two of the most important factors in life and we're terribly ignorant about both, making work such as this article fairly impossible for us to understand.

    Not to be too down on the slashdotters in particular, it's pretty obvious if the researchers knew of Warburg's work, they were ignoring it. The government usually does. They'd prefer people not be too aware that air or water treated by exposure to UV rays can prevent or cure some illnesses. Up to a point. But up to that point, that's some other medicines people wouldn't have to buy.

    --
    "I may be synthetic, but I'm not stupid." -- Bishop 341-B