Slashdot Mirror


Infineon To Pay $160 Million For Fixing RAM Prices

Jerrod K writes "Infineon Technologies pleaded guilty to charges of price fixing in an international conspiracy. The Justice Department said this is the third largest antitrust settlement ever. Other memory chip makers involved include Hynix, Samsung, and Micron Technology." Reader phalse phace adds a link to CNET's coverage.

49 of 356 comments (clear)

  1. Sweet. by rincebrain · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Does that mean I can upgrade my RAM for less than the cost of a new processor now?

    I mean, seriously. The prices were ludicrous for high-end manufacturers, and the low-end can sometimes die, and you have no recourse.

    Huzzah!

    --
    It's only an insult if it's not true.
    1. Re:Sweet. by Jason1729 · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Compare the transisitor count in a 256 meg DIMM to a CPU. That's 2 gigabits and a minimum of 1 transistor per bit, so at least 2 billion transistors. Intel and AMD barely have over 100 million in their newest CPUs, so the memory has 20 times the transistor count.

      A lot more engineering goes into a CPU, but the price of memory compared to a CPU isn't really that surprising.

      A lot of the microcontrollers I work with are basically a tiny sliver of processor on the edge of a large field of memory.

      Jason
      ProfQuotes

    2. Re:Sweet. by Kogase · · Score: 3, Interesting

      But aren't the transistors on a CPU considerably smaller? And don't CPU production facilities cost consiberably more than those for RAM chips? Notice the "don't" and the question marks.

    3. Re:Sweet. by Jason1729 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I don't know, but comparing the die size of the CPU to the area taken up by the chips on the memory module, it 'looks' like the memory is at least as dense as the CPU.

      I'm pretty sure (but not certain) that a memory fab plant costs more to produce than a CPU plant, but the memory plant will produce far more chips over its lifetime.

      Jason
      ProfQuotes

    4. Re:Sweet. by ZorinLynx · · Score: 4, Interesting

      I've always wondered why they can't manufacture DRAM chips with spare memory cells, the same way that hard drives get spare sectors. Then rather than tossing out chips for as little as one bad bit, they can remap the bad bits to the spare cells and still use the chip.

      Yields would go up, prices would go down.

      I can't be the only person to have thought of this; why isn't it done?

      -Z

    5. Re:Sweet. by LionMage · · Score: 5, Interesting
      I recognize that the RAM is, if not the, then one of the most intricate and cost-intensive parts to produce and to purchase.

      Well, I can't speak to the cost-intensive part of your assertion, since I am not privy to some details about the economics of chip production. But intricate? Not hardly. DRAM and SRAM chips are laid out mostly in a grid, with very little real-estate set aside for control logic. The only complexity is the control logic; the rest of the chip is just a matrix of transistors (and, in the case of DRAM, one capacitor per transistor to actually store the bit).

      RAM chips are pretty easy to design and lay out because of the inherent regularity in their structure.
  2. The $160 million dollar tax question... by garcia · · Score: 5, Funny

    The real question is do they get to give away a bunch of 256k chips to schools as a tax credit?

    1. Re:The $160 million dollar tax question... by Nos. · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Hopefully not, even though another company was allowed to do something similar
      Since sending out a cheque to every buyer affected would be next to impossible, they should have to sell their chips below (or at) cost until the fine is made up. That way, those who were harmed would have a chance to recoup some loss.

    2. Re:The $160 million dollar tax question... by cmstremi · · Score: 3, Insightful

      But those that were harmed already have the memory they needed. All the discount RAM in the world isn't going to be a remedy to everyone - only those who need more memory.

    3. Re:The $160 million dollar tax question... by Martin+Blank · · Score: 5, Informative

      It's a fine, not a settlement. They're expected to cut a check for the amount to the government, not reimburse consumers.

      --
      You can never go home again... but I guess you can shop there.
    4. Re:The $160 million dollar tax question... by xsupergr0verx · · Score: 3, Funny

      As if there's anyone who doesn't need more memory.

      Of course they don't. 640k should be enough for anybody.

      --

      Click here for a free picture of an iPod!
  3. Odd Concept by Timber_Z · · Score: 5, Funny

    I recall that things got pretty bad for awhile, but I still have a hard time with the concept of price fixing, when I clearly remember paying $150 for 8MB of ram, and how good of a deal that was.

  4. Now thats fair. by DAldredge · · Score: 5, Insightful

    A local family man is facing 20+ years in prision for walking into the vault at the back where he worked and taking 100,000 USD.

    Why do large corps get away with crap like this, hell the goverment doesn't even go after those whitecollar criminals that skip bail...

    But, normal crimes they come down hard on.

    1. Re:Now thats fair. by lothar97 · · Score: 5, Interesting
      What's even more aggrevating is that these companies, once they pay for the mistakes in some manner (such as a fine), they are free to function as if nothing went wrong.

      A perfect example is MCI/Worldcom. After imploding under massive amounts of fraud, screwing tons of people out of investments, employment, 401ks, etc, the company gets to "re-organize," pay a fine, then get government contracts. I bet if I'm punished for fraud, I would be shunned for life in any type of business setting.

      This corporate crime problem will continue as long as it can be solved by fines, admitting no wrongdoing, and the limited minor punishments for those involved. I imagine if we held these people personally liable for all damage, put the company under 5-10 years probation, and made sure large jail sentances were required, we'd see a lot less of this trickery.

      Then again, we don't want to hurt the innocent employess, and we don't want excessive government regulation.

      --

    2. Re:Now thats fair. by Daniel · · Score: 5, Informative

      My dictionary (written circa 1911) says:

      CORPORATION, n. An ingenious device for obtaining individual profit without individual responsibility.

      Does that answer the question?

      Daniel

      --
      Hurry up and jump on the individualist bandwagon!
    3. Re:Now thats fair. by Marxist+Hacker+42 · · Score: 4, Interesting

      We can't put a corp in jail for 20 years, and we can't give it the death penalty for awful crimes.

      Actually we could- we just don't because we don't have any politicians left to write the laws to do so, just corporate puppets.

      How to put a corporation in jail for 20 years: take away it's bank accounts for 20 years and give the interest to the victims.

      How to give a corporation the death penalty: Let the government confiscate it and start competing with other businesses in that industry.

      Bet if you had those two punishments instead of the fines, the corporations would shape right up.

      --
      SJW: a person who perceives an injustice, and while correcting it, commits a greater injustice.
    4. Re:Now thats fair. by chancycat · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Or for that matter, execute convicted perpetrators of fraud, as China does and did recently for four cases of bank faud. Note I do not support capital punishment, and China's examples put the topic into a perspective I've never encountered before: "a 'kill fewer, kill carefully' policy for nonviolent crimes."

      --
      Evan - needs to hit preview before submitting
    5. Re:Now thats fair. by AuMatar · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Hear hear!

      The CEO of Infineon obviously knew they were price fixing. There's no reason that he should be allowed to get away with it. There ought to be a chunk of that fine coming from HIS pocket, and a nice long stay in club fed afterwards. As it is now, there's no incentives for the CEOs not to break the law- if they don't get caught, they make tons of money, if they do, the corporation pays the fine and they've STILL made money.

      --
      I still have more fans than freaks. WTF is wrong with you people?
    6. Re:Now thats fair. by killjoe · · Score: 5, Interesting

      "Then again, we don't want to hurt the innocent employess, and we don't want excessive government regulation."

      Punishing the guilty should not be seen as excessive govt regulation. The solution is simple. Dissolve the corporation and confiscate all the assets.

      It's imperitive that the shareholders get screwed in the worse possible way possible. It was their job to make sure their company was run responsibly and it's their fault that the company committed crimes.

      Once the assets get liquidated the money should be given as severence pay to all the employees starting at the bottom and working your way to the top until the money runs out.

      --
      evil is as evil does
  5. Oh well by JLSigman · · Score: 4, Funny

    Guess we won't be getting our $13.50 checks. :-p

    --
    -jls
    Techno-pagan
  6. Free market isn't perfect by revscat · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Cases like this remind me why I don't think the libertarian philosophy towards free markets is all that realistic. Many libertarians believe that things such as this should be left to the marketplace to settle, and that government "interference" like this ultimately harms the market. I emphatically disagree. There are inherent flaws with the free market that the justice system can and should remedy so that the overall market is healthier thereby. Collusion does no one -- consumers, industries, or the economy as a whole -- any favors, and I fail to see how letting the market handle it would do anything but unfairly fatten the pockets of those who benefit.

    1. Re:Free market isn't perfect by Jahf · · Score: 5, Insightful

      You're right in the "many libertarians" statement, but that doesn't mean it is a clear majority. Unfortunately for Libs (like me) there are really 2 Lib groups within the party. Right/Conservative and Left/Liberal.

      The Liberal side would be more in favor of government taking care of business like this but trying for the most part to stay out of other places like social laws (most especially privacy). The Conservative side is more set on seeing government stay out of business entirely as well as the social aspects.

      I'm primarily a Libertarian Left because I'm more moderate on business than a Democrat, but far more liberal on social issues than a Republican, and I think both parties have sold out when it comes to privacy. However in this case I think the matter was solved properly.

      --
      It is more productive to voice thoughtful opinions (reply) than to judge (moderate) others.
    2. Re:Free market isn't perfect by doc+modulo · · Score: 4, Interesting

      In the age of the industrial revolution, it was free market all the way. It turned out to be a reall hell for the employees. Near-slavery situations.

      In the end, the manufacturers failed as well, because they gave so little money to their employees and other population groups, that no one could affort their products anymore.

      People have to abide by rules, and so do companies/corporations. corporations try to be an "individual" anyway, so they should accept the responsibilities that come with it.

      Limitations on what powerful entities can do to the rest of the population is good for the population. In the end it's also good for the powerful because rules make sure that no one can leech the population dry with cartels and monopolies and people will be able to afford the products and services.

      --
      - -- Truth addict for life.
  7. Re:And just how do I benefit? by xsupergr0verx · · Score: 5, Funny

    Maybe it's like the RIAA settlement.

    Each lawyer gets a new yacht, and we get a check for $4 in the mail.

    --

    Click here for a free picture of an iPod!
  8. And who benefits from this? by what_the_frell · · Score: 4, Interesting

    You can bet your cash-starved wallet it'll be the corporations DELL that will receive the compensation/benefit, and keep the RAM pricing the same for the consumers so they can continue to recoup their losses .

  9. My Head Just Exploded by mattgarnsey · · Score: 5, Funny

    From the article (condensed for brevity):

    Infineon Technologies announced today that it has plead guilty to a single and limited charge related to the violation of US antitrust laws in connection with the pricing in its Dynamic Random Access Memory.

    Infineon strongly condemns any attempt to fix or stabilize prices. Infineon is committed to vigorous and fair competition based solely on superior products and services.

  10. It really shocks other libertarians when.... by ShatteredDream · · Score: 5, Interesting

    People like myself, who are more classical liberals than libertarians, apply Lord Acton's famous expression "power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely" to economics. The more wealth that is centralized in faceless organizations, the more power they have. Yet, the wealth is not to be measured in just how much cash they have, but by the position they enjoy which can be worth more than their bank accounts.

    Anti-trust laws are nothing more than a way to provide a check on corporate power. They exist to keep companies, especially big corporations, from becoming in Locke's words "a law unto themselves."

    Anyone who calls themself a libertarian, opposes antitrust laws and has a sympathetic view of the south in the civil war would do well to read some of the founders of the CSA's opinions on monied corporations. The short summary is that they considered them to be a plague on basic liberties and the free market and were fighting more against the corporations who saught the tariff which taxed the southern economy terribly and used the money to line the pockets of corporations, than it was for "states' rights." The major state's right was to "be free from being sucked dry by monied corporations."

    I will say this about monopolies. The government creates many of these headaches that it has to later solve by having expansive IP laws which allow patent holders to rape and pillage innovators. Would someone please tell me why we can patent online shopping carts and file formats? How about business processes in general? What about things we have never even fully or at all implemented ourselves?

    If the government were to be reconstituted on classical liberal values, most of these monopolies would die like vampires in the morning sunlight.

  11. FINALLY! by Silverlancer · · Score: 3, Informative

    For the past 2-3 years, RAM prices haven't dropped--they've gone up. The RAM that I bought with my current computer costs MORE now than it did when I bought it a year ago, and not only that--its crap quality too! Its supposedly PC3700, but won't hit PC3700 speeds on stock timings even with extra voltage!

    This is one of the few great examples where we get to love the American legal system ;)

  12. Conflict of Interest by jmulvey · · Score: 4, Interesting

    "Infineon has agreed to pay a $160m fine to the US government"

    Once again, the companies profit and the US government gets cash... and joe six-pack gets screwed. I mean, with the government receiving all these settlements from Microsoft and the tobacco companies... why aren't our taxes going down?

    The US government has more than a bit of conflict of interest in its role as protector of the public from price-fixing and monopolies, yet recipient of huge settlements when they are allowed to grow and blossom.

    I'm sure Infineon, a company that has annual GROSS PROFITS of over $2 BILLION USD a year made a hell of a lot more that $160m. So Infineon makes out, and the government makes out.

    But where's my money? You remember me, the guy that got ripped off?

  13. Re:Does this mean memory prices will fall? by mr_spatula · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Sure. Just like CD prices fell after the CD price fixing settlemet... oh, wait...

    Then I guess this will be like my rates with progressive going lower after they had the class action law suit over adjusting rates based on credit... oh, wait... that didn't happen either.

    The only peopel to benefit from this will be the lawyers and the major companies - the rest of us will be lucky to get a coupon for a dollar off.

  14. No, That's Impossible by srwalter · · Score: 4, Funny

    Every good slashdotter should realize that this is impossible. Theregister must just be trying to pull one over on us. I mean, clearly the Bush Administration is in the pocket of Corporations, and would never allow this to happen to big business. Obviously, the story is a farce.

    --
    Freedom is the freedom to say that 2 + 2 = 4
  15. Infineon Financial Stuff / Payments by webword · · Score: 3, Informative

    Interestingly, there is a press release on this topic on the Infineon web site. Please note a discrepancy between what the Register says and what their press release says...

    Register: "Infineon has agreed to pay a $160m fine to the US government for fixing the price of computer memory from 1999 to 2002, one of the biggest ever penalties imposed by the DoJ's Antitrust division."

    Infineon: "The wrongdoing charged by the DoJ was limited to certain OEM customers. Infineon is already been in contact with these customers and has achieved or is in the process of achieving settlements with all of these OEM customers."

    So, is the government getting the money or the OEMs. Note that either way, the trickle down to regular folks (i.e., you!) will take a long time.

    p.s. I love this quote from the Infineon press release: "Infineon strongly condemns any attempt to fix or stabilize prices. Infineon is committed to vigorous and fair competition based solely on superior products and services."

    Infineon 0, U.S. Department of Justice 1.

  16. Re:Correct the %^&$# summary! by nuclear305 · · Score: 4, Informative

    If you were to actually pay closer attention to TFA, You'd have noticed the related articles linked at the bottom. More specifically this

    "The case centres on allegations that between the end of 2001 and mid-2002, Samsung, Hynix, Micron, Infineon and others covertly agreed to up prices. The alleged jump in prices followed a two-year slump in demand that drove most memory production lines into operating at a loss."

    They may not have been named in the settlement, but they certainly have been named at one point or another.

  17. And there's still Rambus to deal with by optimus2861 · · Score: 3, Insightful

    The latest info I can find dates from around May, but Infineon is one of the DRAM makers facing a patent-infringement lawsuit from Rambus, and if that doesn't go well for them (Rambus had an initial setback but has been getting favourable rulings since; anyone who wants to cry "submarine patent!" better read up on the history, it's nowhere near that cut-and-dry) they could very well go under. I think they will lose it, and get hit with willful infringment for triple damages, which will easily run the damages into the billions. I doubt Infineon could absorb that.

  18. Re:And just how do I benefit? by gl4ss · · Score: 3, Insightful

    there's added incintive for the companies to NOT DO THIS SORT OF THING now, the society as a whole benefits and that is how you get the benefit.

    that's the whole point of those fines, you make the RISK of running such price fixing schemes too high that they don't want to take it.

    like the fairly recent cartel busts in metal and paper industries(northern+mid europe)... you don't directly get anything but by punishing with hefty fines (also in the 100m+ range)they send a message that "don't fucking do this".

    --
    world was created 5 seconds before this post as it is.
  19. Big cartel, this one? Pffft. by SenorCitizen · · Score: 5, Interesting

    If you want a *big* international anti-trust case, just try sueing OPEC.

    How are they any different?

    1. Re:Big cartel, this one? Pffft. by Cecil · · Score: 3, Informative

      Because they're a group of countries, not a business, and countries aren't subject to any sort of anti-trust law. They're free to do whatever they want with the their own resources, including gouging other countries. It's one of the wonderful rights you get by being a soverign country.

      I realize that globalization is busy blurring the line between the two sets of entities, but at the moment businesses don't have militaries.

      That's the real difference.

    2. Re:Big cartel, this one? Pffft. by Lord_Dweomer · · Score: 3, Insightful
      Businesses don't have militaries?

      Lets not forget about BlackwaterUSA which IS a business military, currently hired by our government.

      --
      Buy Steampunk Clothing Online!
  20. Antitrust! by Exmet+Paff+Daxx · · Score: 4, Interesting
    Now let me state the present rules,"
    The lawyer then went on,
    "These very simple guidelines,
    You can rely upon:
    Your gouging on your prices if
    You charge more than the rest.
    But it's unfair competition if
    You think you can charge less!
    "A second point that we would make
    To help avoid confusion...
    Don't try to charge the same amount,
    That would be Collusion!
    You must compete. But not too much,
    For if you do you see,
    Then the market would be yours -
    And that's Monopoly!

    - The Incredible Bread Machine

    There are no rules, save "Don't Succeed". Gotta love America - they love capitalism, and someday they intend to give it a go.
    --
    If guns kill people, then CmdrTaco's keyboard misspells words.
  21. Re:Correct the %^&$# summary! by antifoidulus · · Score: 3, Informative

    Um, not only did you not RTFA, but you don't seem to realize what the term, "price fixing" means. In a non-monopoly environment(like memory), if one company raises it's prices, it's not price fixing, it's capatilism. If the market doesn't like the higher memory prices, then nobody buys their stuff and either the prices drop or they do.
    In this case though, it was a bunch of memory manufacturers who make up a very large chunk of the market colluding to keep prices high. This is kind of like a "Monopoly Voltron"->together they combine forces to become a virtual monopoly, even though they are seperate parts.

  22. Re:And just how do I benefit? by strictfoo · · Score: 4, Funny

    there's added incintive for the companies to NOT DO THIS SORT OF THING now, the society as a whole benefits and that is how you get the benefit.

    Yes, these wonderful lawyers who are doing this for the little people like you and me. The fact that they're making millions of dollars is inconsequential to them.

    I mean, look at the music industry! They've definitely changed their ways now that 20 different lawyer firms have made millions off of them and we've all gotten $2.85 checks in the mail.

    --
    I've just signed legislation that'll outlaw Russia forever. We'll begin bombing in five minutes.
  23. Re:And just how do I benefit? by geeklawyer · · Score: 5, Funny
    Each lawyer gets a new yacht, and we get a check for $4 in the mail.

    I must be missing the joke. Why is it bad I get a yacht?

    --
    -he who laughs last, is a bit slow.
    journal
  24. The reason for this by IGnatius+T+Foobar · · Score: 3, Interesting

    The real reason for this: Windows Longhorn is going to require an obscene amount of memory, so Microsoft's new bought-and-paid-for friends in the DOJ are making sure RAM chips are inexpensive.

    --
    Tired of FB/Google censorship? Visit UNCENSORED!
  25. Why do we fine coporations and jail humans? by nlinecomputers · · Score: 4, Insightful

    If I personally break the law I will probably be incarcerated for my crimes. Yet a corporation who's only job is to make more money then it spends simply pays a fine. If I am in jail I can't earn any money or perform any deeds outside of a very limited set of rules. Corporations shouldn't be fined. They should be forced to shutdown or even be disbanded.

    --
    Slashdot, home of supporters of free software, free music, and free speech.Except for Moderators that disagree with you.
  26. Re:OPEC? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative

    The difference, my child, is that OPEC is an international entity with no "place of business" in the United States. As such, they have no need to obey U.S. Anti-trust laws in exactly the way the average U.S. citizen has no need of obeying the laws of the United Arab Emirates.

    --AC

  27. Fine line between "dumping" and fixing by EmbeddedJanitor · · Score: 3, Insightful
    So if you get together with the other RAM vendors to stabilise the market to keep it sustainable (like OPEC and many others do) then that's illegal price fixing.

    If you sell at too low a prices then you're "dumping" and that's illegal too.

    One law is there to protect the consumer and the other is there to protect other suppliers.

    Unless companies can sustainably make profit from their silicon sales we're doomed to boom and bust cycles where we oscillate between RAM surpluses and RAM shortages. In the long run, we all lose if these companies cant stabilise and make reasonable profits.

    --
    Engineering is the art of compromise.
    1. Re:Fine line between "dumping" and fixing by SpecBear · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I don't see how it's a fine line between dumping and fixing. They seem to be polar opposites. As I understand it:

      Fixing: I get together with my competitors and we all agree to sell products at a certain price. Since we're no longer competing against each other, we can negate the downward pressure on prices (and thus profits) that usually results from a competitive market.

      Dumping: If I happen to have a bunch of money, instead of cooperating with my competitors, I try to kill them off. I price my products below the cost to make them, ensuring that nobody can run a sustainable business in the market. Since I have a bunch of money, I can last longer than my competitors. Once they die off or move on, I have a monopoly and can jack up prices far above what a competitive market would support.

      We all lose if these companies can't stabilize, but we all win if the companies that can't manage their freaking inventory die off and make room for companies that actually read their history and learn from it. Collusion won't end the boom/bust cycle. It'll just ensure that the consumer gets screwed on prices regardless of whether there's a shortage or a surplus.

  28. Circuit complexity. by uberdave · · Score: 3, Informative

    It's not so much the die size, but the circuit complexity. A memory chip is basically the same circuit duplicated several million times. A CPU has registers, ALUs, pipelines, control circuitry, and who knows what else. Memory chips are cheaper to design, and sell in greater quantities.

  29. The old sinclair spectrum by blackest_k · · Score: 3, Interesting

    just for historys sake the spectrum was designed with 32 k ram chips which were actually failed 64k ram chips I think a jumper decided if the top half was good or the lower. in later times the spectrum got working 64k ram chips still for use as 32k.