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France May Require Biometric ID Cards
Will Affleck-Asch writes "According to an article on Infoworld today, France may require her citizens pay for new identity cards that hold their biometric information in electronic format. The French government outlined its plan last month to replace the identity cards and passports offered to French citizens with new ones that carry a microchip containing digitized photographs and fingerprints. The plan is to introduce the passports in 2006, and the identity cards a year later. Citizens haven't been forced to carry ID cards since 1955."
You can bet if the French think it's a good idea, the US will put current plans on hold.
A feeling of having made the same mistake before: Deja Foobar
I would object far less to having biometric data on an ID card if it were a one-way hash than if it's storing a copy of my fingerprint/retina scan. Can the biometric data be hashed and the hash used for verification instead? Like what we do for passwords... the scary thing about someone being able to get an electronic copy of the data is the ability to make a replica.
500GB of disk, 5TB of transfer, $5.95/mo
"My name is George W Bush, my voice is my passport. Please verify me."
Um..... I hate to point it out to you, but if the government gave those cards out "free" the people would be PAYING for them in taxes.
Aint nothing from the government that doesnt come out of someones pocket, except hot air.
Forgive me if I am missing the point, but is not the purpouse of biometrics to REMOVE potentially compromised security keys, like ID cards? Biometrics, as I understand the science, allows an individual to use their body as a form of ID. Trust beaurrocrats to get the complete wrong idea about technologies.
I don't believe such strategies help. Using extreme means to eradicate extremism, spawns extremism. When people are humiliated, they tend to react. I'm not saying that the average citizen will feal humiliated, but a few will take it as a sign of a corrupt and bad government. Freedom can't be guarded with a gun! Freedom can only be guarded by true freedom, where the people has seen the freedom, and wants it. And is ready to defend it. Not with guns, but with pacifistic methods, like Mahatma Gandhi did. He was inferior to the british commonwealth, yet he managed to free his people from slavery. This is the opposite. The trend now is to use violence for everything.
Ah, I'll be modded down for that one, but it is a important point I think!Assembling etherkillers for fun an profit
Walking down the street to get me some gum, show the doorman my credentials so I can leave my own building. Show the officer on the street corner my papers so that I can continue walking down the street. Pause at the front entrance of the store to flash some ID. Show my valid cards at the counter when I buy some gum. Walk again past the officer who again asked for my papers. Show my credentials to the doorman who lets me back inside my apartment.
I'll need to hire someone to stand outside my apartment to check my ID to be completely safe from bad guys.
Wait the bad guys have computers too?!? Then it's all for naught
*DrugCheese rants*
Exactly how would a National ID Card make people safer?
We already have biometric data on our passports. It's called a photograph.
Can somebody explain to me:
A lot of the identity card/biometrics scare I hear seems nothing more than fear of the unfamiliar versus technology for technology's sake. This just seems like more of the same.
...imagine an unwashed, French slipper on a human face -- for ever.
We need proper, verifiable identification so that, after a bunch of bad guys come try to kill us, we'll know exactly who to attack. If they turn out to be Saudi Arabians working in conjunction with associates of the Afghan government, we'll know that we need to bomb Iraq...
You see?
This sig has been temporarily disconnected or is no longer in service
The terrorists, being law-abiding people, would carefully register their legal occupation as "terrorist", and thus it would be easy to find them in our national databases.
...it will make it easier to detain and deport illegal Muslim immigrants from the Maghreb. Seems like a pretty crappy reason to implement a national biometric card system if its going to be used to harass minorities.
I was thinking "he's got a point" until I read:
it's a much different world now.
I'm always amazed that people feel so confident that things like nazism are gone forever. Freedom requires daily care and devotion.
This is misleading. While there is no "National ID Card", You're required by law to carry ID at all times in France, and the police may ask to see it at their discretion.
A less confusing way of putting it would have been, "While a national ID card hasn't existed in France since 1955, French people are required carry some form of valid ID with them."
Obliteracy: Words with explosions
I'm hoping (and frankly, expecting) some pretty strong negative reaction from the French citizenry. They have a bad history with ID cards (for reasons I shall respectfully not mention) and I dare say that the French are more alarmed by ID cards than citizens in anglo countries. They have a more intense concept of anonymity vis a vis the state.
Even here in North America, New Brunswick and Quebec have some of the most lenient driver's licensing laws. Unless things have changed, neither province requires the photo on the license, and Quebec is the only jurisdiction in, possibly the world, which issues a driver's license with a digital photograph and the photograph is not archived. That's a level of freedom that's been lost to most of the world's citizens in just 10-15 years.
Because God knows the 3 million illegal immigrants from Mexico we now have living in the US wouldn't be here if we all had national ID cards! 1) Suicide bombers probably prefer it if you know their identity after the fact. What magic method were you planning on using that only gives ID cards to law-abiding citizens, and makes sure no persons with criminal intent get one? 2) As mentioned again, millions of people enter the country without authorization of any kind. Unless you're going to post armed guards on every corner to demand passerby show thier papers, I don't think mandatory ID will help at all with the problem of 5000 miles of porous borders.
"Freedom means freedom for everybody" -- Dick Cheney
That's not clear, but that's the history of ID cards and other photo based documents.
The photo based driver's license was justified as an all purpose ID card, but my research has indicated that no one could justify a strong need for it...nor was there driver's licensing fraud that would be eliminated with the photo. I hypothesize that the photo driver's license was essentially a way of photograph companies to sell expensive instant color photographic equipment. (Those interested in my reasoning can ask.)
The photo based passport really became vogue during World War I, when european nations were afraid that spies would be crossing border. (Hello! Counterfeiting? I'm glad people were as dumb then as they are now.) With new regulations US citizens won't be able to return to the US after 2006 without a passport, even in the western hemisphere. US Citizens were not required to travel with a passport until 1941 (and during World War I and the Civil War.) For reasons not clear to me, the restriction was only rolled back to hemisphere travel after World War II.
So the lesson is, mandatory identification is either vendor driven, or war/terrorism/fear driven, or, as is most likely the case, both.
In the UK, it appears that, having had the government's draconian ID card plans rejected (for the time being), they're planning to start the biometric-isation process early, by adding compulsory fingerprints to our passports. However, it also appears that this doesn't need democratic consent - they can just do it whenever they feel like. Oh, and bury it halfway through a busy election campaign too.
These fingerprints will, you guessed it, be stored on a gigantic database that the police can consult whenever they feel like.
May I suggest that anyone in the UK who finds these plans... disturbing... lets someone know about it.
Such systems do not help with security. Many of the 9-11 terrorists had valid ids. When you enforce such restrictions, you do nothing but limit the law abiding. Carrying an ID will not prevent you from committing any crime, but it will make some poor soul who forgets their ID once out of a hundred times a criminal. A biometric ID will not jump out of your pocket to stop you from shooting a gun, cannot stop you from robbing someone, cannot do anything. All it can do is inconvience the law abiding. In the end, people get more fed up with the government, leading to MORE violence, not less.
SAILING MISHAP
With the global media a nation isn't going to get away with the atrocities that Hitler could.
China seems to get away with some pretty nasty stuff. So do parts of Africa.
If the US started to commit genocide against a certain race, who would stop them? It was only the threat of invasion that rallied people against them.
But that wasn't the only atrocity the Nazis committed. They arrested and imprisoned people who spoke against the government - much like many nations still manage to do today. They censered the news, rewrote history, and tried to make sure that everyone saw the future of the Nazi philosophy.
And this doesn't explain how ID cards would protect anyone from anything.
Every major french citizen (i'm one i should know) is forced to carry an ID card since the Vichy regim during the second world war.
And when a cop ask you for it, you have to show it or be arrested.
In fact like in any "latin law" country this law is not really enforced but is here for the convenience of the cops.
I don't know any french against this state of fact.
It's true it can be abused by racist cops on minorities, but which law could'nt be abused by the authorities.
Choose good authorities, or no at all but don't try to make people believe there are perfect laws.
Ok, I'm asking: what supports that suggestion besides mere cynicism? Not that a cynical worldview is often wrong, but I'm guessing that you wouldn't have thrown out that broad hint if you hadn't had something to offer.
See what I've been reading.
I don't know if you've noticed but the US is now requiring biometric passports to allow entry on the Visa Waiver Program.
m s/telegr ams_1393.html
e.g.
http://travel.state.gov/visa/laws/telegra
So, next time the bombers will have to get visas to enter the country... Just like last time.
Deleted
Nah. They'd probably just rip your eyeballs out.
Quid festinatio swallonis est aetherfuga inonusti?
Africus aut Europaeus?
I would hazzard a guess and say that one reason they are doing this is to subsidize french IT.
-The French got behind smart cards from their inception.
-Sagem is one of the leaders in AFIS. (automatic fingerprint identification system) They provide a whole lot of biometric hardware and software technology to countries that can afford to install it.
http://www.maxineudall.com/2010/02/should-economists-be-sued-for-malpractice.html
To be decided in the Senate and the House/Senate Conference Committee is the Real ID Act of 2005 sponsored by F. James Sensenbrenner. This will be a backdoor defacto National ID through your driver's license. Included is a linked database known as the Driver License Agreement as sponsored by the American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators. States will be required to sign it in order for given state driver's license to accepted when dealing with the Federal Gov't such as boarding an airplane or train.
Included in the Driver License Agreement is sharing information not only within the US but with Canada and Mexico (pg 4, item 11 in PDF Document). Required in the database is identity theft type of information such as your Social Security number. Also the Driver License Agreement as a side "benefit" requires your state to punish you with points for a traffic offense anywhere within North America. So a speeding ticket from a vacation in Cancun, Mexico or Montreal, Quebec, Canada will tarnish your home state driving record and as an insult to injury, your insurance goes up !
There is not much time left to defeat this legislation. It is attached to HR1268 - Emergency Appropriations for Iraq, Tsunami Relief. The Senate has removed it but the House will insist on the Real ID Act of 2005 in conference committee and we need to let our Senator's know that we are against this. Information to Contact Congress web link.
The biometric data's on the card to prove that the card is genuine.
For obvious reasons you already have your retina and fingers with you at all times. An ID card is simply a cheap and convenient mechanism for mapping you to a database record somewhere (possibly cached on the card itself). If retinal or fingerprint scanners were cheap enough there would be no need for the card. But you'd still need the database and you'd still need to be in it.
But what should go in the database?
The ID card would probably contain fingerprint data and a digital signature saying that the government recognizes the fingerprint as that of one of its citizens. The fingerprint doesn't even need to be connected to the person's identity.
Without that, how could scanners at airports and other public locations decide to accept or reject a person based on her fingerprint ? Send it to a big-brother-esque central database, uh ? OK, the scanner still needs to download a list of revocated IDs from time to time.
ID + fingerprint = something you have + something you are.
http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=biometric+hash
First result:
Biometric hash based on statistical features of online signatures
Vielhauer, C. Steinmetz, R. Mayerhofer, A.
Abstract: Presents an approach to generating biometric hash values based on statistical features in online signature signals. Whilst the output of typical online signature verification systems are threshold-based true-false decisions, based on a comparison between test sample signals and sets of reference signals, our system responds to a signature input with a biometric hash vector, which is calculated based on an individual interval matrix. Especially for applications, which require key management strategies, hash values are of great interest, as keys can be derived directly from the hash value, whereas a verification decision can only grant or refuse access to a stored key. Further, our approach does not require storage of templates for reference signatures, thus increases the security of the system. In our prototype implementation, the generated biometric hash values are calculated on a pen-based PDA and used for key generation for a future secure data communication between a PDA and a server by encryption. First tests show that the system is actuality able to generate stable biometric hash values of the users and although the system was exposed to skilled forgeries, no test person was able to reproduce another subject's hash vector.
The whole scheme is very secretive, but from what we know, all citizens will have to take about 50 pieces of personal data, their eyeballs and £80 to a registration centre for the dubious pleasure of being entered into a national database. Their fingerprints and iris patterns will be digitised and a hash generated from each. The hash is then written to the chip on the card. the idea of the government is that soon Britain will have tens of thousands of biometric readers at paces like airports, police stations, hospitals and doctors. Whenever you need a service, enter or leave the country or get arrested you'd have to produce the card.
It won't be compulsory (at first) to carry a card, but it will be compulsory to register and keep your personal data up-to-date. The card is not yours, instead it remains the property of the government and can be withdrawn at any time on the say-so of the Home Secretary.
Last year the government conducted a trial of 10,000 people and promised to tell us the results before the ID card bill was brought before Parliament. Well they've had one go at getting the bill through but ran out of time before Parliament's dissolution - and we still haven't seen the results of the trials. Which is kind of suspicious - surely if everything is hunky dory then they would have been shouting it from the rooftops?
As for reliability, the Home Office (think Ministry of the Interior) doesn't seem to know the difference between false positive matches between two biometrics (where one person is mistaken for another) and false negatives (where a person isn't recognised at all). In written answers they only ever cite a failure rate based on the very low false positives - NEVER the much higher failure rate for false negatives. BUT positive confirmation of identity is the entire reason for their introduction.
The general feeling of IT experts is that the scheme will rocket in price and never work properly - but that millions of people will be inconvenienced and perhaps thousands have their lives ruined by the cards.
So for those UK people reading (hello!) - Labour is the only party promising to introduce ID cards. The Tories made no mention of it in their manifesto and have gradually gone off of the scheme. The LibDems, Greens and nationalist parties are all opposed. If you don't want ID cards, then the nice people at No2ID will be able to help.
It is my understanding that all of the 9/11 terrorists had valid U.S. IDs (drivers licenses, mostly) and/or valid passports which had been scrutinized at the border. These IDs were all in their own names (though perhaps not in the name under which they were wanted). So far as I know, no one has suggested that they had obtained these IDs fraudulently: they all could have gotten the new biometric IDs that so many seem to want.
We knew who they were, and some of them were on ``wanted'' or ``watch'' lists under the names on their legitimate IDs, the IDs which they used to board their planes. Identity was never a factor in the 9/11 hijackings. Therefore, obviously, what we need to make sure it never happens again is a new, improved National ID system which will further tighten the government's control over us. Yes, indeed. It kept the Jews safe in the 1930s, after all. We'll try not to think about what happened to them in the 1940s.
All this isn't to quibble with what the parent post said, but to reinforce it.
See what I've been reading.
Yeah, I have to agree with you there. There are certainly strong arguments for the national ID card, biometric or otherwise. BUT, the notion that the card would somehow prevent terrorism is bunk, and I think that EVERY person, Rep or Dem, in Washington (DC) knows this full well. There is a common notion that we have got to nail down the borders if we're going to take security seriously. I suspect that this will never happen and that the borders will remain wide open. Rather, is the important thing actually just to make us all FEEL safer? I think it may be so. The real terrorists will always find a way to try, which is why the FBI/CIA has to work harder to get to them before they get to us. Oh, it goes on and on...
Anyhow, I'm a geek and I want my Orwellian biometric card so I can use it to go shopping or turn the lights on in the house remotely or whatever. SOUNDS COOL! Liberties be damned.
"The Borba"
Now if anyone tries to require such a card in the US we can simply accuse them of being France-like and it'll never get approved. I knew 'freedom fries' would come in handy one day.
Don't like to get into this Nazi discussion, but to answer your question: YES.
As a Dutchman, I read a while ago that most jews deported from the Netherlands during WWII, weren't caught on the streets by German soldiers, but snitched on/given away by fellow countrymen. It wasn't Germans that found them, but Dutch people themselves that destroyed the lives of their (jewish) neighbours, in exchange for rewards, immunity, some favours, whatever. All the German command needed to do, was put out those rewards, and follow the leads they received.
And German soldiers that drove these people in the gas chambers, you say they had no choice? Sure, a refusal to obey orders might have meant a bullet on the spot, but don't kid yourself here: These soldiers knew what was going on, and sure had the choice of saying: "NO, I won't do this. If you'll shoot me then, do what you have to, but I won't co-operate with this". Instead they chose (en masse) to push these millions of victims towards their death.
This is very comparable to US anti-terrorism propaganda of the last few years. Sure, terrorism is a problem, but have US actions made the world a safer place? I think when the next generation Bin Ladens have grown up, we'll see how much damage the US has done to world peace and eh... 'freedom'.
Now if US citizens wish to screw up their own lives: okay, have fun. But the sad part: Their bullying of allies and smaller countries makes many countries follow their lead. Just the other day, a Dutch airliner heading for Mexico, was refused passage through US air space. Terrorists on board? Who knows, but essentially it's the US setting the agenda in many parts of the world, even if measures are violating local law. Like passenger data that's turned over to US intelligence, possibly in violation of European law.
And the scary part: all this propaganda has caused US citizens to really believe that terrorism is the #1 problem in the world. Are you kidding me? Worse than poverty? Worse than hunger? HIV? Civil wars? Let's face it: how many people are killed each year by terrorist acts? I suspect even plane crashes (world's safest way of travel) kill more people. My chances of getting struck by lightning are way higher than running into a Bin Laden follower. And speaking of the man, I fear the results of Mr. Bush's actions more than this terrorist turning up at my doorstep. Mr. Laden, if you're reading this: I don't like you either, but you're welcome at my place for a coffee and exchange of thoughts. Mr. Bush, if you're reading this, you're welcome here for a good kick in your b*tt.
Freedom starts with saying: NO! Live free, or die. You can take away my life, but you can't take away my freedom. Damn, I love these quotes ;-)
I should also note that in many systems no server copy of the prints or templates is kept. All the information is on the card. However, I would guess that governments would tend to keep such information if given the chance.
Lasers Controlled Games!
This has to be the worst dupe ever. How often has slashdot covered this?
The *entire European union* will require biometrics stored in contactless chips (RFID) in a passport. The EU didn`t think of this all by itself, the US forced it. If the EU doesn`t go along fast with this billion dollar hype it`s citizens will have to get a visa to visit the US. (How are US plans for this coming along?)
The biometrics are two fingerprints and a digital portrait. The last one will be to low resolution for camera surveilance but ofcourse this wont stop people from trying. Face it(no phun), the words "false positive" sound complicated and no politician is going to bother to look like caring about these words. Ofcourse you can translate them to "huge lines at the airport", "tens of innocent people questioned on ever major airport every day" (So mister Bin Laden, how did you turn into an asian twelve year old?).
Want to hear some of the argumentation behind this? Yes you do! Implementing passports with biometric identifiers will be a great business opertunity, especially for the business that get to build the hardware for this stuff... Boy do I wish I was making this up.
Of course the people who sell biometrics are alway happy to tell how many people on this planet have the same fingerprint and face. wanna guess? Its always a very low number, like zero. In fact they keep saying this over and over. They never have any time left to mention that:
a. biometric comparisons always allows for lots of differences because no one want`s to hold up a line at the airport because of a mismatch due to some sweat.... every time someone sweats one these occasions.
b. cheap fingerprint scanners are fooled by gummy bear taste gelatine prints, pressing bags of water on the scanner.... or just blowing on it. Can you blame these vendors for not mentioning this? Maybe not, they are afterall, very busy in this "post 911 world". Or so they keep saying.
Ofcourse it doesn`t stop here. Other bright ideas going on the the EU:
- Giving US three leter ancronym agencies read access to all airline booking systems. If airlines refused they couldn`t land in the US, now they comply they might be send back midair from time to time. But hey, what are the chances of someone matching a name on a list of 70,000 names? (If you think this list sounds to short, don`t worry adding names is easy, no evidence of anything is required)
- Storing traffic data for every telephone or Internet connection in the EU... Depending on the phase of the moon this data consists of telephone call data, GSM location data and ofcourse URL`s of every site visited and headers for send and/or received mail. Yes I mean storing everything about the communication of everyone....
Apparently the words terabyte`s/day, gigabyte`s/sec and innocent until proven guilty have to be reinvented.Meanwhile Italy, Germany and Sweden are investigating what heaponed to a some of their citizens. They where kidnapped by the CIA and sent to places that make abu graib look like the holiday in... Ofcourse these investigations arent about getting justice for these people, they are just about making things difficult for the national goverment for allowing these kidnap operations.
Anyway, it seamed like the right time for an European update on these things.
With pleasure.
Interesting fact: it is indisputed that it is easier to identify people with a black and white photograph than with a color photograph. As an actor, my headshots are in black and white, as is the case with most actor's headshots for NY based actors...the features of the face pop up better in black and white than in color. If a person presents a passport to an immigration official, and the official isn't sure if it's the same person or not, often they will photograph the person in black and white, and then compare the black and white photograph with the color photograph. Black and white photographs are superior to color when it comes to identification. They would make it much harder for people to use others' ID cards.
Yet, every state and province (except for Alberta) issues a driver's license with a color photograph. (And Alberta used to, their black and white photograph is based on the technology they use to create their license, not based on a preference for black and white.) In fact, if you read state legislative codes, it will say, in nearly all instances, that there shall be a "color photograph" on the driver's license. Historically, in all the states I have known and read the legal code, the word color was there from the very beginning (Ohio for instance had it in 1967 when they codified the mandatory photo license law.) The only exceptions are Colorado and California, who issued black and white photo licenses from about 1957-1965, at which point they switched to color and codified the color requirement (those two states admittedly blow my argument a bit.)
At any rate, that all seems too purposeful to me, which brings me to the timing issue. A lot of states started codifying photo licenses in the late 1960s. Polaroid developed color instant photography in 1964...and was the leader for at least 10 years in photo ID card issuance systems (in fact, it was their only profitable business from the 1990s on. It was spun-off when Polaroid entered bankruptcy.) As a cultural thing, we were crazy about photography in the 1960s...I've seen newspaper advertisements for general stores where a pack of flash bulbs was just as expensive as men's shoes. But color instant photography was fantastically expensive, and out of reach for the average person...so I hypothesize that Polaroid was searching for something to do with the technology other than sell it to people directly. (I've got an advertisement in my possession of a local Columbus bank issuing credit cards with polaroid photos from 1967...offering it as a good ID for cashing checks. They did go out of their way to mention that it was with Polaroid photos.)
Perhaps even more key than the color requirement and the timing is the fact that every state has always and still does...takes the picture for you. Compare to a passport--you bring your photo in, and it's incorporated into the document. In fact, there are countries in which you bring your photo for your license or ID card...countries which have had photos on their licenses or ID cards for much longer than in the US. Remember this from a historical perspective...it would have been cheaper for a person to bring any old photograph of themself, than to pay the state to take a color instant photo for them. But clearly if that were to occur that would shortchange the revenue stream for the company wanting a very lucrative photo ID contract. It's essential that the state takes the photograph.
So if you look at it in that context...you could say that vendor driven documents are those in which the photo is taken of you (many ID cards, driver's licenses, et cetera.) Documents that were created for reasons other than vendor lobbying you take the photo yourself (passports.)
With more time and research, I can probably string together more arguments. One thing I've been wanting is Polaroid annual reports from the mid to late 1960s.
Yeah, I know that a concept of "rights" is becoming a pretty strange notion in the USA nowadays. Or that thinking for oneself is a baaad thing.
But basically all you're saying there is that France does still treat people as humans, not like a bunch of terrorists until proven innocent. E.g., yes, there was a demonstration. It may be surprising to you, but demonstrations _are_ a legal thing in a democracy.
Was _everyone_ in the demonstration an illegal immigrant? No, seriously? How do you know that there aren't also a bunch of french citizens in there?
(Believe it or not every single country has the current USA-style "immigrant = terrorist" scare, or even the same kind of nationalism. The french kind of nationalism for example is more about language and culture, than about being born there. So there could have been quite a bunch of people born in france who are sympathetic, or at least not hostile, to people whose only fault is not being born there.)
So what do you propose that the police should do? Arrest everyone and keep them in custody several days until they can check them all? Break a legal protest on the excuse that some people in that protest might be illegal immigrants?
Yeah, that excuse will soo come in handy next time when people protest something. Give that idea to Bush while you're at it: I'm sure he'll love doing that to the next anti-war demonstration. Hey, there _could_ be illegal Mexican immigrants or some wanted terrorists in that demonstration. Must make sure.
If you really believe that burying democracy alive is the right way to gain some vague promise of safety, you're so mistaken it's not even funny.
Or how about the common sense of being tactful there? You propose, what? That the police clashes with an already agitated group of demonstrators, to show them who's boss? Yeah, way to go to turn a peaceful demonstration into a riot.
So you're telling me, what? That unlike you, someone in the French police actually had a brain?
Briefly: put down the crack pipe, join a 12 step program, or see a competent surgeon about having your head removed from your ass.
A polar bear is a cartesian bear after a coordinate transform.
You all DO realize, the EU members are doing this because YOU MADE US do this?
Frigging hell, -my- governement (Dutch) has now mandatory ID, biometrics is planned for the next Passport version.
It is all done in name of "traveling to the US otherwise requires VISA and thats a bummer" and "Terrorism, you know", but in the meantimne it has been used against me for having my dog walk on grass without a leach, and to snap me up crossing the border INTO The Netherlands for a passport check, we supposedly do not have (Schengen Accord).
We increasingly live in a very controlled state.
The UK government isn't going to bother with parliament anymore - they're going to bypass it: http://www.theregister.co.uk/2005/04/12/uk_passpor t_fingerprints/
God said, "div D = rho, div B = 0, curl E = -@B/@t, curl H = J + @D/@t," and there was light.
If you're a minor your parents must be informed.
They can't hold you for more than 4 hours.
Ok, so it can be rather annoying, but in practice they just ask you to come to the commisariat the next day. Unless you're a young north african man of course.
Watch this Heartland Institute video
Only slightly so. You don't get in trouble -- you might just waste a few hours of your life. I'm not saying this is a good thing; only trying to put it into perspective. I'm not a big fan of cops myself; I've always had a philosophical problem with any sort of authority.
But anyway, compared to US cops, no matter how dumb and nasty ours can get, well, they really shine. Just like I can't hate Chirac as I used to now that I know Bush.