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The Implications of Google's Digital Library

Connectmc wrote to mention a CNN article discussing Google's Digital Library project. From the article: "Tony Sanfilippo is of two minds when it comes to Google's ambitious program to scan millions of books and make their text fully searchable on the Internet. On the one hand, Sanfilippo credits the program for boosting sales of obscure titles at Penn State University Press, where he works. On the other, he's worried that Google's plans to create digital copies of books obtained directly from libraries could hurt his industry's long-term revenues."

22 of 310 comments (clear)

  1. Same article 100 years ago... by dougman · · Score: 4, Insightful

    would sound like this: "Buggy-whip makers concerned that new automobile may hurt industry revenues".

    The more things change, the more they stay the same.

    1. Re:Same article 100 years ago... by fyngyrz · · Score: 4, Interesting
      False reasoning: The automobile doesn't use the buggy whip to be of value. There is no legal basis for such a complaint in terms of protection afforded by the law. Unlike the situation with Google.

      Google is using other people's intellectual property to create new publisher's value. That's not the same as creating something entirely new that obsoletes something that previously exists — and what Google is doing is forbidden by law.

      If we don't like copyright law, then it needs to be changed. In the interim, Google is clearly in the wrong if they publish anything without the explicit permission of any rights-holders in the domain of said publishing. I fully expect them to get burned by this.

      Copyrights exist for a reason. Current copyright law is in my opinion excessively biased in favor of the rights-holders, but we need to change that, not break the law. If we don't want copyright at all, again, the law needs to be changed. Nothing about the current situation makes what Google is doing right.

      Disclosure: I own a literary agency.

      --
      I've fallen off your lawn, and I can't get up.
    2. Re:Same article 100 years ago... by RingDev · · Score: 5, Informative

      The /. synopsis leaves a bit out as usual. Google is going to some pretty good lengths to make sure the system is not exploited in any non-fair use ways.

      For instance, you can only read a few pages of the book related to your search. And even if you search multiple times, you can only read a few more pages. You can not use google to download the entire book for free.

      Also, google is cutting publishers in on the advertising for the pages their book is displayed on.

      -Rick

      --
      "Most people in the U.S. wouldn't know they live in a tyrannical state if it walked up and grabbed their junk." - MyFirs
    3. Re:Same article 100 years ago... by lifebouy · · Score: 3, Interesting

      I might agree with you on books that are still in print. However, for books that are no longer being printed, a socially responsible publisher would release the publication into public domain when it has run it's commercial course. I particularly loved the publisher who said it was not the pubisher's responibility to police their copyrights. "We don't know if we published it or not, but we sure don't want you to be able to use it!" Wow. If you don't know whether it's yours, then you are not generating revenue on it any longer. Put it, then, where it truly belongs: in the hands of the public. There are so many useful things that could be done with it! But since you aren't generating money with it, and don't ever intend to, GIVE IT TO THE PUBLIC! Unfortunately, Congress has mangled and bungled copyright law to the point that this doesn't happen automatically anymore, and never will. So the onus is on the publisher and/or author to earn a little karma and give back to the public. Do it!

      --
      Drop me a line at:
      Key ID: 0x54D1D809
    4. Re:Same article 100 years ago... by vsprintf · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Perhaps not a very helpful analogy. How about, "Buggy whip stores concerned that rampant theft of buggy whips from the factory will reduce retail demand." OK, not the best analogy either, but the point is that someone who goes to a lot of trouble (and time, and money) to produce something that people will want for their education and entertainment are not going to be buggy-whipped out of demand.

      Even that doesn't apply to the situation. The most relevant passage in the article was the guy claiming the burden of producing the titles they don't want copied shouldn't be on them because they don't really know about all of their old titles.

      That just proves what a crock these near-eternal copyrights are. These companies aren't selling or reprinting the old books - they don't even know their titles. They just don't want anyone else to get any use from them. This continual lockout is the exact opposite of the result intended by the original copyright law. I say good for Google. This is information that not only wants to be free but should be free according to the law when it was written.

  2. Industry Revenues... by lordsony · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Maybe we shouldn't worry so much about the lost profits, but more about the knowledge we made avaible to the world...

    1. Re:Industry Revenues... by notasheep · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Easy to say when they're not your profits... Why don't you donate your next year's salary to your local library so you can increase the amount of knowledge available to your community?

      --
      Your mind looks a little cramped. Why don't you stretch it a little?
    2. Re:Industry Revenues... by MikeFM · · Score: 3, Insightful

      At least I don't use the law to keep myself paid. I actually keep producing work so that I can keep getting paid. Funny that if I stop working then I stop getting paid. Rough isn't it? Other's keep using the fruit of my labors but they don't keep paying me over and over?! Shocking.

      Publishers just want the benefit of being paid over and over for the same work rather than having to create new works. Nobody else enjoys such a benefit. Let them profit from selling the physical books (which some of us quite like) but do they really need the sole right to reproduce that content?

      --
      At what price learning? At what cost wisdom? The price is a man's peace of mind, and the cost is his life.
    3. Re:Industry Revenues... by KillShill · · Score: 3, Interesting

      how about we donate our time and energy writing and making new compilations in our spare time and help out those less fortunate gain access to fundamental public domain knowledge?

      copyright is an abomination, in terms of mother nature and human morality.

      it is UNNATURAL. that much is certain. the original agreement between the public and the authors was that they would have a limited monopoly after which the information/knowledge would fall BACK into the public domain.

      everything that is published by default is in the public domain. but through copyright, we're trying to encourage new works that in a few measly years would become widely available to the public for just the price of duplication. NOT waiting after the heat death of the universe for it to come back to the public domain. NOT having laws like the DMCA and all the like preventing us making use of products we paid for.

      the cartels broke the contract. period. everyone is entitled to judge for themselves if they wish to continue with copyright law is as or if they wish to rewrite it for themselves.

      and as for the shills who argue straight-faced that copyright = property, why is there any time limit on it then? clearly, property belongs to you forever (forever as in scientifically, not the supreme court's time dilation experiment which makes 100 years + authors life seem "limited").

      that's the argument you make when shills bring up that copyright is a natural right, like property rights. then by that definition, it should, logically and ethically, belong to that person forever.

      no, the original contract (and even the extremely perverse version of copyright laws we have now) say that the author is given temporary exclusivity to their "compilation" (knowledge isn't created or destroyed) in order to promote progess of science and the arts such that the copyrighted material is soon brought BACK into the public domain from which it sprang.

      you cannot promote progress of science and arts through the use of property rights... because property rights last forever... even if the owner dies, they can leave it to their children and so on.

      so no, the shills have it wrong and hope we aren't paying attention.

      copyright is an UNNATURAL right GRANTED by the government on behalf of the public to encourage progress in the science and the arts through having a LIMITED (that's like saying if i have a penny, then i am almost a millionare... too bad sane judges would throw you out of court if you argued that using that type of logic) monopoly, from which the author would profit and then give it back to the public domain from which it came.

      throw that in the shills' faces when they have the nerve to hide among us and promote their sick and anti-public agendas.

      the contract is severly broken. any other legal contract that was violated would be decided by the courts but money speaks louder than logic and contracts. and frankly, the dumbasses in the supreme court thought that 100 years + the authors lifetime is LIMITED. they need to have the decency to say they are incompetent and step down.

      and please no replies about how this is all about "piracy" because as you have noticed, the argument isn't even remotely related to not paying for products. it is about cartels that broke the agreement. and if you do see people trying to make this about "piracy", call them for what they are.

      --
      Science : Proprietary , Knowledge : Open Source
  3. Brick and Mortar?? by Artie_Effim · · Score: 3, Insightful

    If someone could explain to me the difference between this and a real LIBRARY I would love to hear it. Other than of course, the full text search available at my fingertips, the quick to get, no return fee aspect. I mean, the information is already 'free' it just becomes available in another media format.

    1. Re:Brick and Mortar?? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful



      Well, the primary difference would be that millions of people can access the file simultaneously, whereas in a library, only one person can check out a copy at a time. So... let's say that a library has one copy of a book, and each person checks it out for one week. In one year, that library would only serve 52 people that book. But Google's library could serve thousands of people simultaneously, with no check out/check in to limit it's use. If a library wanted to serve more than one person at a time, it would need to buy additional copies of the book, which would pay back to the publishing company, printing company, distribution company, author.. etc.

      So there's a huge difference there.

      What publishing companies could do however, is set up licensing like software companies do. You can buy software for single use license that says one user for one copy. or you can buy a multi-user license at varying levels for varying prices depending on how many users you want to have using it.

      So Google could purchase a distribution license from the publisher and set the maximum connections to the file depending on the scope of that license.

      Also, there is the additional problem that books in paper media are really hard to reproduce. The easiest way is to break the binding, load it into a photocopier and make crappy copies of the text that way. Not a saleable item either way. You COULD go through the effort of scanning, OCR, layout, and re-print in a nice format, if you wanted... So by making all these books into text format that makes redistribution outside of the license very, very, very easy.. much like the situation with CDs/DVDs/mp3s/Napster/etc.. or the situation software companies have always faced with software pirating.

      So... it means that if we're going to take books into the digital realm, we're going to have to deal with things like licensing schemes, registration schemes, encoding, things like that, in order to keep the industry profitable, and thus in existance.

      However, it will hurt at least some aspects of the industry, and probably increase other aspects of other industries.

      Hopefully it will mean more people will read books more often, which is always good for society.

      _illium
      (sorry no user account here).

  4. Longterm revenues... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Isn't anyone bothered by the fact that companies trying to secure "longterm revenues" are constantly preventing society from progressing as a whole? If a new idea or technology emerges that is going to put you out of business, it's time to do something else. Perpetuating the same crap year after year after year serves no purpose other than hindering progress.

  5. Imagine that! by EraserMouseMan · · Score: 5, Insightful

    . . . he's worried that Google's plans to create digital copies of books obtained directly from libraries could hurt his industry's long-term revenues.

    Innovation usually reduces demand for the obsolete version. The fact is, books are a pain in the tail to search through any way you look at it. It's about time a serious effort is made to make printed material electronically searchable.

  6. Can Google run a Library? by bgfay · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Seems to me that very few would object to Google creating and running a library on the model of public libraries. I go to our library two or three times each week to get books, music, and movies. I return the things I've borrowed and someone else borrows them.

    Here's the problem: the digital stuff, especially the music, is very easy to copy. I copy some of it. The books however, are too difficult to copy and I don't need to own a copy anyway. (I've moved enough times in my life to realize how much books weigh and noticed that the library is significanly cheaper and Barnes & Noble or Amazon.)

    But if Google runs a library, everything will be digital. That's fine if what they were lending was in the public domain, but, thanks to Disney et. al., public domain is a thing of the past.

    Seems to me that a Google library will be a marketplace for copying. Then again, most of the people who run Google are about a foot and a half smarter than I am. So maybe they have this all figured out.

    I'm curious to see what they come up with.

    --
    Yeah, I'm as old as my UID would suggest.
  7. Since when.... by HotNeedleOfInquiry · · Score: 3, Funny

    With Google's book-scanning program set to resume in earnest in the northern autumn, copyright laws that long preceded the Internet look to be headed for a digital-age test.

    Does a season have a direction?

    --
    "Eve of Destruction", it's not just for old hippies anymore...
  8. Libraries by COMON$ · · Score: 4, Insightful
    Isnt this the whole purpose of libraries anyway? To make knowledge available to the public that would normally only be available to the rich or well connected?

    A man should be no more afraid of google's attempt to digitize information than a library's ability to purchase and distribute books for free.

    On a side note, I am more likely to buy the paper version of a book than sitting and reading it off of a LCD display. Which I assume the average person would do the same.

    --
    CS: It is all sink or swim...oh and did I mention there are sharks in that water?
  9. Googutenberg by timeToy · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Just like Gutenberg disrupted the Copyist Monk industry few century ago, Google library has the potential to completely change the way people find books, is it bad ? is it good ? I think it's just different and easier for the book's end user: us.

  10. What's He Complaining About? by Caraig · · Score: 4, Interesting

    A bookseller who's worried that making books that are in the public domain available on the net will hurt his revenues.

    The initial reaction I have is, 'Cry me a river.' These are books in the public domain and are meant to be freely available to everyone. Google's just making it easier.

    My second reaction is that he might have a point, and he's deserving of some sympathy. But then I realize that he's a university bookseller. The books people pay for college and university classes are overpriced as it is, ($80 for my USED calculus text, and that was ten years ago; I can only imagine how much it is now.) Somehow I don't think that a university bookstore is going to be hurting all THAT much. So this is just another case of someone whose industry needs to 'evolve or die.' Though he really only has to worry if the textbook publishers 'evolve' before he does.

    Besides, the printed word isn't going out of style anytime soon. There are plenty of books I prefer to have in dead tree form, to hold and read and carry with me on trips when I don't have or don't WANT to have my laptop with me. And what a lot of us on slashdot seem to forget is that not everyone in the world has a laptop or a PDA with e-book software on it.

    --
    "I am an Adept of Tantric VAX."
    1. Re:What's He Complaining About? by fireboy1919 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      From the article, "Under the Print Library Project, Google is scanning millions of copyright books from libraries at Harvard, Michigan and Stanford along with out-of-copyright materials there and at two other libraries."

      So they're not just making it easier to do what is already legal; that's what project Gutenburg does. This is something else entirely.

      I don't know...text against black and illuminated text is much easier on the eyes than books are. Not having to turn pages makes it faster, and being able to read in the dark is kind of nice. I don't know why you'd want to read on a laptop when there are plenty of good tiny PDAs that fit the bill and are smaller than books.

      Here are the reasons I've been given for reading from dead wood:
      "I like the feel and smell of pages."
      "I like to turn the pages."
      "I like the feel of a book in my hands."
      "Reading from my PDA makes my eyes hurt"
      "I don't have a place to get e-books."

      All of those are reasons based upon the fact that they've gotten used to doing it that way except the last two. The last two generations (within four years) of PDAs alleviate the second to last concern, and the last one is only a matter of time.

      When there is a generation that starts by reading electronically, they won't want to go back, since in the nonsubjective ways reading electronically is pretty much universally better, so book publishers are very much in trouble.

      --
      Mod me down and I will become more powerful than you can possibly imagine!
  11. Out-of-print titles? by Brunellus · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I've always wanted a service like this--not for books that are in print and thus (relatively) easy to get, but for books that are out of print, and have been out of print for years.

    I'm thinking particularly about relatively obscure academic books, which have short print runs...It's somewhat frustrating when you're researching to learn that yes, someone has already explored a particular line of questioning, but that his work is no longer in print and thus not easily available

    Fortunately, at least some publishers are becoming responsive to this need. The Cambridge University Press have begun a print-on-demand service. Here's hoping it catches on.

  12. Afraid of what exactly? by JordanL · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I've learned that whenever an industry tries to resist progress/technology they always get the short end of the stick.

    People want things faster and easier, and what people want ultimately will force, especially in a capitalist society (or something close to it), even non-profit industries to adapt.

    RIAA resisted technology, and look what happened. Apple did not, and as such iTunes has been one of the greatest success stories in a while.

    Books have been books for a very long time. I enjoy having a book in my hand, and that's how I would prefer to read it, but you wouldn't believe how many times I have been reading or re-reading a book and wished that I had a search function to look up this specific phrase that I remembered.

    Google may get flak from Universities and publishers for its project, but ultimately, they are filling a void in a way that has been much needed for a very long time. It's an improvement, and that in itself will perpetuate the progress of Google's project, whether or not its Google who continues it.

  13. First you must understand the meaning of copyright by DaoudaW · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Copyright law exists for two reasons. First, it provides the author and/or publisher with certain rights which allows them a profit. But it then, and maybe more importantly in this case, provides the consumer with certain rights regarding the use of copyrighted material. If copyright locked down material to the extent that many people believe it would be difficult to gain any benefit from access to information. These consumer rights are usually referred to as "fair use." Two major examples of fair use are libraries and book reviews.

    IANAL, but in TFA, a lawyer opined that Google also had a strong case for protection under fair use. No it's not the same as a brick and mortar library, but Google traded off having a limited number of copies of a book for limiting a clients access within a book. Book reviews have long been held to be protected by fair-use and they often quote long passages of a book. Google provides the opportunity to look inside a book without mediation by a reviewer, but serves much the same function in helping the consumer decide whether the book is an important resource for them.