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Test Equipment Finds Life In Mars-like Conditions

DIY News writes "In a test of equipment that might one day be used to search for biological activity on Mars, researchers discovered life tucked deep inside a frozen Norwegian volcano, a test region said to have geology similar to that of Mars. The test instruments discovered a rare and complex microbial community living in blue ice vents inside a frozen volcano, which is the kind of evidence scientists have been searching for on the Red Planet."

36 of 159 comments (clear)

  1. Cool. by Capt'n+Hector · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Now the question is not whether Mars can support life, it is whether or not Mars could have supported its abiogenesis and subsequent evolution.

    --
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    Africus aut Europaeus?
    1. Re:Cool. by Boronx · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Now the question is not whether Mars can support life

      Is it even possible for water-based life to exist at such a low pressure? And I don't mean dormant spores waiting around for better conditions.

    2. Re:Cool. by hostyle · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I was thinking the same thing. Unless these life-forms evolved completely independent of other similar life-forms on earth, there is practically no corellation between life on earth (albeit at similar temperatures / conditions) and life on another planet. Earth-evolved life surviving on another planet might well be possible, but life beginning there is something else entirely.

      --
      Caesar si viveret, ad remum dareris.
    3. Re:Cool. by KiloByte · · Score: 2, Interesting

      I wouldn't even doubt that.

      Sure, spores which could survive for thousands of years inside pyramids or for several years in cold vacuum on the Moon didn't actually grow or thrive there, but we do have extremophiles which feel happy in only a notch more moderate conditions.

      And if pressure is a problem, you can go under the ground -- you can get as high pressure as you want there.

      --
      The creatures outside looked from Alt-Right to Antifa; but already it was impossible to say which was which.
    4. Re:Cool. by Decaff · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Now the question is not whether Mars can support life, it is whether or not Mars could have supported its abiogenesis and subsequent evolution.

      The problem is that this is going to be very difficult to prove. There is almost certainly a considerable amount of ongoing interplanetary transfer of microbial life (at least spores). There is plenty of experimental evidence that bacteria could survive the processes involved in such transfer (asteroid/comet collisions with planets, capture of debris by other planets, then entry into atmosphere).

      I suspect that if we find life elsewhere in the Solar System it is going to be DNA or RNA based, and either be Earth-like microbes or evolved from them.

    5. Re:Cool. by Fred_A · · Score: 4, Funny

      Well, we now know that Norway can support life, so why not Mars ?

      --

      May contain traces of nut.
      Made from the freshest electrons.
    6. Re:Cool. by jc42 · · Score: 2, Interesting

      There is plenty of experimental evidence that bacteria could survive the processes involved in such transfer (asteroid/comet collisions with planets, capture of debris by other planets, then entry into atmosphere).

      Actually, collisions are probably a minor portion of the Earthly source of bacteria on other planets.

      Various astronomers have written about the Earth's "dust tail", similar to a comet's dust tail, but blown off from Earth's atmosphere by the solar wind. This tail is thin, and mostly molecular. But it is known to contain fine dust, up to and including particles the size of bacterial spores. There aren't many such spores in the outer atmosphere, but there are a few, and this is a much gentler way to escape the planet than being blown off in a collision strong enough to toss you into space.

      Astronomers have dealt with this because the planet's dust tail is thick enough to interfere somewhat with some astronomical observations in some frequencies. So it's useful to know about it before you aim your telescope.

      Anyway, chances are that our planet has been contaminating the outer planets, and the rest of the galaxy, with bacterial spores for 3 to 4 billion years. We don't really know how well they can survive in space. Probably well enough to reach the rest of the Solar System. Whether they'd actually survive the trip to other stars and their planets is pure conjecture.

      But it's an interesting idea. Definitely good for occasional sci-fi use. And it's something that people interested in ultimate origins should consider. It's not easy to collect actual data on the topic, though.

      --
      Those who do study history are doomed to stand helplessly by while everyone else repeats it.
  2. Re:This may sound dumb by Lucractius · · Score: 5, Interesting

    because if you build a fancy machine and dont test it before you actualy get there, What happens when it doesnt work, you dont know if thats actualy a real reliable reading. It doesnt make any sence to send untested equipment millions of miles to search for something when you dont even know if it can find it at all.

    --
    XML - A clever joke would be here if /. didn't mangle tag brackets.
  3. Coral Cache by Frankie70 · · Score: 2, Informative

    Here.

  4. Other Lifeforms by RAMMS+EIN · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Do these lifeforms work with oxygen and/or carbohydrates and/or water? Whenever a discussion about possible extraterrestial life pops up, I always have to ask if the researchers have considered lifeforms that don't work like the ones we're used to.

    --
    Please correct me if I got my facts wrong.
  5. Photo of these virtual Martians by commodoresloat · · Score: 3, Funny

    The photo shows one of these Martian-like creatures at work in their natural habitat. Apparently they look just like coke dealers here on earth filling up baggies for distribution. Except they are all red with purple hands.

  6. Mistake? by SolitaryMan · · Score: 4, Interesting

    I wonder, is there a possibility of not identifying Mars' living things as form of life, just because it is very different from ours? How do one check, whether the thing is alive or not?

    --
    May Peace Prevail On Earth
    1. Re:Mistake? by commodoresloat · · Score: 4, Interesting

      I've always thought that it was the height of human arrogance to presume that life on other worlds would be recognizable to us as "life" at all. There may be life on the moon for all we know. We assume certain organic forms, but why? Our experience with the world beyond earth is infinitesimal; how can we assume anything? what if there is life that doesn't exist as bacteria, as flora and fauna, as little green men, etc. Life elsewhere might be made of substances and energies that we don't even know exist. Evolution here took place in a particular context and environment -- who's to say what could happen in other environments? When it comes down to it, there is a whole lot we don't even know about life here on earth -- how can we assume that our assumptions about life here will have any relevance on other worlds?

    2. Re:Mistake? by aussie_a · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I've always thought that it was the height of human arrogance to presume that life on other worlds would be recognizable to us as "life" at all.

      No, I'd say it's optimism, not arrogance, that lets us hope that we will be able to recognize life on other worlds. Because if we can't recognize it, well for us, it might as well not exist. It would be great if there was life completely unlike we know it on another body (whether it be moon, jupiter or mars) and we did recognize it. That would be earth-shattering. But if we didn't recognize it, that isn't something I'm as interested in. Simply because even if I am interested in it, I'll never be able to know if it exists or not.

    3. Re:Mistake? by drdewm · · Score: 2, Insightful

      People either are open minded to except amd understand this or they don't and nothing can be said to change that. As you can see by the responses to your position that we may not recognize life but that doesn't mean it's there is greeted by statements that rocks aren't alive. Most people see the world through very clouded human experience filters that they just can't be shaken from where everything is good vs bad, pretty vs ugly, us vs them etc. Some people just are not capable of grey area and uncertainty. We don't even understand ourselves from a biological or spiritual perspective but somehow we KNOW that there is no life other than what we consider life to be. We expect to effectively communicate with aliens when we can not even communicate with dolphins, monkies or dogs even though they can readily communicate with one another. We have much to learn.

  7. Anywhere at all there is liquid water... by The+Master+Control+P · · Score: 2, Insightful

    There is life. Anywhere there is no water (Atacama Desert, Chile - no measurable rain in 100 years) there is no life. That's been borne out by every observation of Earth. Although increasingly hostile conditions make for less and simplier life (ie extremophiles), there is still life. Now the question is, 'Does that apply to other planets too?' I imagine that at some point, a planet or moon would need to have a large body of liquid water to facilitate the initial creation of life.

  8. The detail is amazing by ReformedExCon · · Score: 5, Interesting

    While this is amazing proof of life on Earth, unfortunately it is not proof of life on Mars.

    These Earth-borne creatures are red because of the propensity of life on Earth to use iron as a key component in blood. I would expect that Martian creatures would have copper coursing through their veins.

    --
    Jesus saved me from my past. He can save you as well.
  9. What is life? by VincenzoRomano · · Score: 3, Interesting

    We are looking for a precise thing we call life. This quest is very specific and could lead to wrong considerations.
    The point is that we know too little about life, Universe and everything to do something resembling a real search for life.
    I recall Cristoforo Colombo that knew too little about India to understand that it was not India at all!

    --
    Maybe Computers will never be as intelligent as Humans.
    For sure they won't ever become so stupid. [VR-1988]
  10. I gotta ask.. by xx01dk · · Score: 4, Insightful

    What would it mean if we discovered microbial life on another planet? Honestly. What would it mean. One, it would mean that the posibilty of life is not that uncommon. Life prevails under the harshest of circumstances here on Earth. Why not elsewhere?

    Two, if it does exist elsewhere, then what's so special about our planet?

    Three, what's stopping it from evolving beyond the microbial stage? It opens the floodgates on "what is possible" in this universe.

    I for one, welcome.... nm. I'm interested to know if mankind as a whole is ready to comprehend the fact that life is not indigenous to Earth...

    --
    There is simply too much glass..
    1. Re:I gotta ask.. by Mab_Mass · · Score: 2, Interesting
      Three, what's stopping it from evolving beyond the microbial stage? It opens the floodgates on "what is possible" in this universe.

      Well, this is tough to answer, largely because we don't really have an understanding of how life here on earth went from single-cellular to multi-cellular. In fact, the only thing that we can say for sure about this is that it took a really long time (read: 100's of millions of years).

      Now, although this is pure speculation on my part, I would suspect that in the universe as a whole, life is probably fairly common. The steps of creating simple, self-replicating molecules are actually pretty straitforward (and the early stages of organic compounds are easy to make with a bit of methane), so finding populations of these kinds of biomolecules (and even cells) wouldn't be very suprising.

      What I would expect to be much more rare would be intelligent life. Look at earth. Hundreds of million years to make multi-cellular life, followed by hundreds of millions of years to make humans. To my mind, that says that it is difficult for all of these steps to happen, and that conditions probably need to be just right.

      Then again, if it is simply a matter of getting the ball rolling and then looking for a series of low-probability events, the law of large numbers tells us that given enough time, it will happen.

      Who knows? It's too bad that we will likely never really have any solid idea (at least in our lifetimes), given how just plain BIG space is and how little of it we have the ability to visit.

  11. not that easy ! by alarch · · Score: 4, Insightful

    high school buiology is oversimplified and to large extent obsolete. imagine a simple electronic thingie which can respond to stimuli (my computer can do that), but is it alive? imagine a robotic factory programmed to replicate itself - is it alive just because it replicates itself and not cars or whatever? i think not. defining life is not that easy consciousness may be? but i am one of those that are sure that animals have "souls" and are consciouss as well as plants and may be even bacteria... but... we cannot mesure level of consciousness

    --
    Deliriant isti Americani.
    1. Re:not that easy ! by bheer · · Score: 2, Insightful

      High School Biology is simplified but that's because it's aimed at high-schoolers. But it's not as off as you imagine. response to stimuli AND reproduction are key traits: can your computer respond to a temperature or salinity change in a meaningful way? i.e., would it be able to sense danger to itself and move away? would it seek out nutrients, such as electricity? Further, can it reproduce sexually or asexually?

      Programming in the response to stimuli is easy. Creating hardware which can do all of that AND reproduce sustainably isn't. Even if you make something limited (out of Lego bricks, say) that can do all of the above, you'll have created a very rudimentary form of life.

      > defining life is not that easy [...] consciousness may be?

      About consciousness-- I'll say one thing, I'm not a big fan of the term. I refuse to get into the a/theist wars but to venerate what you don't understand is a primitive and very human trait (early man worshipped fire and lightning, for example). Today you see that very same idea played out as Intelligent Design -- because we can't understand the origin of life, it must be the handiwork of God. On a less obvious level, people who believe in consciousness and 'soul' are similar: we currently do not understand how massively interconnected neural systems work AND we don't believe in God BUT we still need a pole on which to stick our uncertainties; hence, 'consciousness'/'soul'.

      In fact from your statements about everything possessing a soul I speculate you believe in the classical Gaia hypothesis: that the Earth is 'alive' and a living organism. Again, I say: Gaia and Soul are every bit as bunk as ID is. Gaia's adherents do not understand how truly complex large-scale non-linear systems work AND they don't believe in God BUT need a pole to stick their uncertainties on, hence it helps them to think that the planet is a live organism in itself.

      The scale has changed since floods, famine and disease was thought of as divine retribution, but like those even allegedly modern men think nothing of invoking mystical mumbo jumbo as a prop for their fears. Plus ça change.

    2. Re:not that easy ! by alarch · · Score: 2, Interesting

      can your computer respond to a temperature or salinity change in a meaningful way? i.e., would it be able to sense danger to itself and move away? would it seek out nutrients, such as electricity? If it is programmed an equipped with appropriate sensors.. then yes. And it doesn't make it alive. Beside, many living things cannot do such things (eg. sense danger and move away). There are organisms that cannot reproduce (not species, but individuals) - and they are living too... I would say my fried she is not alive because she cannot have children... if you make something limited (out of Lego bricks, say) that can do all of the above, you'll have created a very rudimentary form of life. I do not think so. I think that it would soon be feasible to construct mechanical/electronical... device that could accomplish all things simple bacteria can. I am not sure whether it would be alive. I cannot define life, but I not agree with this simple definition. It is an ad hoc definition appropriate at the time when it was developed. Our technical abilities changed since then, but our toys are still not alive. And about the consciousness - yes I see the problems. And I am an atheist. When I am saying "soul" I do not mean "eternal soul" or something like that. I just feel that there is something that differs living things from technical devices we can imagine now (however advanced). And I also think that this difference can be scientifically described in the future (and we would be able to create real living things then).

      --
      Deliriant isti Americani.
    3. Re:not that easy ! by meringuoid · · Score: 3, Insightful
      imagine a robotic factory programmed to replicate itself - is it alive just because it replicates itself and not cars or whatever?

      Erm... yes. Yes, it definitely is.

      'A robotic factory programmed to replicate itself' is a really good definition of what a living thing actually is. It's something every living thing has in common. It takes in materials and energy from its environment, and uses them to maintain itself and to manufacture more like itself. Bacteria do it. Plants do it. Animals do it. And your robotic factory does it. That's life.

      --
      Real Daleks don't climb stairs - they level the building.
  12. Re:Mistake? - or definition by StonePiano · · Score: 2, Informative

    Cellular life we know of on Earth is based on complex molecules. Basically carbon is the only atom that can form these complex molecules (with an outside chance that silicon could do similar).

    Studying the radiation from other parts of the universe, it seems that stars out there are made of the same basic elements as the ones we are familiar with here. So it follows that if there is complex life out there, it is probably carbon based. So we have a fairly clear idea of what carbon-based cellular living organism looks like.

    Once you get a chunk of some substance under the microscope, it shouldn't be too difficult to make a determination about whether it was or is living.

  13. Re:Better things to focus on... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Besides, don't you think it would be a lot more efficient to travel through space looking for giant giveaways of intelligient life, like, say, planets that look like ours, satellites and space stations orbiting planets, or OTHER spaceships flying around? Wouldn't we be making much faster progress if we just ASSUMED there is life in the rest of the universe and GET OVER our need to examine every last speck of Mars?

    No. Because we currently have no means to examine any planet outside of our own solar system closely enough to determine if such things are present. It's hard enough to determine at this distance if there even are any earth-like planets out there. And any telescope capable of seeing that clearly at that distance is more than a few years off. (Read: not in our lifetime)

    If we are going to find any life with the tools we have, it will be in our own solar system.

  14. Intelligent life by protagon · · Score: 2, Funny

    Researchers are now investigating wether there is intelligent life in Norway. "The odds are against it," says a swedish scientist.

  15. Reaching the wrong conclusion by arun_s · · Score: 3, Insightful

    'Test Equipment Finds Life in Mars-like Conditions '
    Yes, but its life that has evolved over millions of years on the Earth. Living creatures are extremely adaptable. Given time, you could expect some life form or the other to make it thru' in the worst of climates.
    So it does not follow that you can extrapolate this to a conclusion that life of a similar sort could have existed in Mars. The toughie is finding out if life can start anywhere, and in what initial conditions. Natural selection will take care of the surviving.

    --
    I can explain it for you, but I can't understand it for you.
  16. Question is whether we choose to add life to Mars by fantomas · · Score: 4, Insightful
    You ask a very good question: but surely the findings of this research raise another question: if Mars-like conditions (therefore Mars itself) can support life, should we be importing life to Mars?

    Long term colonisation of Mars would require locally grown food, and preferably not at the expense of shipping in from Earth all the resources they need to grow. Is this a step towards finding hardy life forms that can be mutated to grow in Mars, or in a hybrid Mars-Earth condition? (ie. giving plants some support but not having to create Earth conditions). Hence making the possibility of long term missions to Mars more achievable...

  17. Re:Better things to focus on... by rohan972 · · Score: 2, Informative

    Honestly, what scientist, from a scientific perspective, thinks we are the only planet with biological life on it?

    If by a 'scientific perspective' you mean 'based on evidence' then no scientist thinks there is life on other planets, as life has not been proven to exist on other planets, no matter how likely it seems. If by 'scientific perspective' you mean 'based on confidence that evolution would probably have happened elsewhere' probably many scientists think life exists elsewhere. Until there is actual life discovered, it could hardly be considered a scientific fact. (Mind you, it's not a topic I follow alot, if life has been proven _not theorized_ to exist outside our planet, by all means let me know). The idea that life exists on other planets is so far in the same category as the idea that life does not exist on other planets, ie: it's an opinion.

    Why is it the majority of the population believes in the existance of God, a being with no scientific basis...

    Because people have experiences that they beleive are communication with God. You may or may not agree that their experiences are actually communication with God, but people are sure that they have them. Same with other 'experiences' like alien abdictions etc. Not scientific at all, but science is (rightly or wrongly) much less important to most people than their own experiences. I think it is good also to realise that evidence != science, that is, there are other forms of evidence that are convincing to people, for example, in court, eyewitness accounts are evidence, and do not necessarily require scientific evidence to be accepted as true. Science ought not to be a religion where things are accepted as facts just because it seems likely to someone, most people or even everybody. To be credible as science, it must be based on scientific evidence only. Of course, unproven ideas are the fuel of science, otherwise science would never reveal new information. The idea that life is out there is the fuel or motivation to investigate and discover. If the evidence is discovered, the ideas will become science, not before.

  18. Re:Better things to focus on... by vidarh · · Score: 3, Insightful
    Why is it the majority of the population believes in the existance of God, a being with no scientific basis, but yet we can't just accept that it would be one of the biggest surprises in the history of humanity if we one day discover that we ARE, in fact, alone in the universe.

    Because it is by no means a foregone conclusion that there is life elsewhere. Probable? Possibly, but we don't have much data to back it up. So far we know of only carbon based lifeforms, and we know of no planets outside the solar system even remotely likely to be able to sustain lifeforms like us. We don't have any data (as opposed to theories) that indicates that other types of lifeforms are even possible.

    We don't even know if planets likely to harbour life will ever be found outside the solar system, or if our system is an aberration.

    You say it's an overblown sense of how special we are, but that's not only it: IF there is only one planet with intelligent life in the universe, then if you are discussing the issue of whether or not there is life in the universe you will be on that planet.

    In other words, the likelihood is 100% that in the case only one planet harbours intelligent life, and intelligent being will find itself on that planet.

    So talking about the probabilities is meaningless: If the odds of life starting are high, then yes, the probability that we are alone is low. But we don't know that - we have never observed the evolution of life from precursors to life in any meaningful sense, and still do not understand the process very well.

    And we certainly don't know if the conditions in which life arose on earth has ever existed anywhere else, nor if there are other conditions which are favorable enough for life to develop.

    That is why finding life on Mars would be important - it would increase our number of data points from one to two, and possibly give us significantly better data on the range of conditions that life can survive in as well as the forms of life that exists.

  19. Re:Question is whether we choose to add life to Ma by going_the_2Rpi_way · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Hey, I know you! You're the guy who planned the introduction of new species to Australia, right? Hence making the continent more easily colonized in the long term by Europeans.

  20. Re:Make sure... by grub · · Score: 2, Funny


    Make sure you read the whole title. It's quite misleading otherwise.

    If they do find life on Mars it'll be fun to watch the kooks try to explain that Mars is only 6000 years old. And there were dinosaur babies on a Martian ark. And a tree with apples that two Martians ate from. etc etc

    --
    Trolling is a art,
  21. Anthropocentricity by panurge · · Score: 3, Insightful
    • The Earth is flat and the sun goes under the earth at night
    • The Earth is a sphere. OK, Eratosthenes, why don't we fall off?
    • The sun,moon and stars are perfect bodies made of a substance that does not occur on Earth. That's why they don't fall down. Mind you, the moon is a bit of a problem. Anyway, the Earth is the centre of the universe.
    • Actually the Earth might go round the Sun rather than vice versa. Watch it, Kupfernigk. The church won't like that. Call it a hypothesis and publish when you're dead.
    • The Earth moves, and Jupiter has moons, and there are spots on the sun. Put him under house arrest, we don't want lunatics like Galileo spreading nonsense.
    • The Earth is more than 6000 years old.Blasphemy!
    • The Earth is millions of years old(Actually, at this point in the 19th century the clergy at Cambridge were not only alongside the idea, they were doing the research. Religious people are not always backward.)
    • Man and apes share a common ancestor.Rubbish him! Misrepresent his ideas! After all, black people aren't really human, so how can monkeys be?
    • Anyway, even if the Earth is just another planet going round a so-so star in an enormous universe, and the human race is more than 98% the same genetically as chimpanzees, we are unique because there isn't life anywhere else in the universe! Yes, in all that huge old universe with trillions of stars WE ARE UNIQUE!

      The simple fact is that to any reasonably educated scientist who understands roughly how the Earth fits into the universe, there is nothing unique or special about our position. As such, if life has evolved on Earth, it would be expected a priori to evolve anywhere else where suitable conditions existed. It will be very difficult to prove the falsifying hypothesis - that there is no life on Mars - but, given the existence of life on Earth, that is the hypothesis that needs to be proved. Anybody who lets their religion get in the way of their understanding of the universe deserves to be tied to a chair and lectured by Richard Dawkins for a few hours (now, sadly, Jay Gould is dead.) Unfortunately, like the animals in Animal Farm, I increasingly find myself looking from fundamentalist Muslim to fundamentalist Christian and being less and less sure of the difference.

    --
    Panurge has posted for the last time. Thanks for the positive moderations.
  22. Atmospheric Equilibrium by centauri · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Earth's atmosphere is in disequilibrium, because lifeforms constantly replenish certain chemicals - methane, for instance.

    The atmosphere of Mars, what there is of it, is in equilibrium. So, if there ever was life on Mars, it's dead now.

    --
    Don't blame me, I voted for Durga.
  23. A response from Martian microbes... by drouse · · Score: 2, Funny

    "Good God, some Earth microbes were found in a frozen volcano in Norway -- and everyone throws a fit? Let me guess -- that ice is water right? And oxygen all over the place, plus that huge air pressure ..."

    "Back when we were evolving ... uphill, both ways ..."

    "Trust me, those microbes are living in a God**** utopia over there on Earth, those punks wouldn't last five minutes -- back on Meridiani Planum."

    [Thanks, everyone -- I'll be here all week -- please try the veal]

    --
    -- I browse at +5 with stripped sigs ... Ha! Ha!