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An Alternate Human

B0b Barker writes "What has six limbs, a prehensile tail, its brain in its chest, and reproductive organs in its mouth? The alternate human designed by biologist PZ Myers in Remaking Humanity, a story in Forbes.com's package on Reinvention. It may sound fantastic, but researchers are already working to re-build DNA, proteins and cells in a new field called synthetic biology, and we may have to meet these bug-eyed freaks sometime in our lifetime."

19 of 450 comments (clear)

  1. The problem of nerve impulse conduction by TripMaster+Monkey · · Score: 5, Informative


    From TFA:

    There's no particular necessity that the brain would form in the head--that's again a product of convenience, since more sensory organs were located in the front of the animal, and induced an enlargement of the local part of the nervous system to cope with their input.

    So let's meddle again, and instead put the brain somewhere near the middle of the animal. In that position, it can be better protected by the mass of bone and muscle in the chest, and also be more conveniently located relative to the heart and circulatory system. It changes our head from a bulbous housing for a crucial, delicate organ, all poised on a fragile stalk of a neck, to a flexible sensory and feeding apparatus.
    In addition to convenience, there's a good reason the brain is located in the head...in close proximity to the major sensory organs (eyes, ears, nose, mouth). This placement minimizes the time lag of neural impulse conduction, by minimizing the necessary length of nerve connecting the sensory organs to the brain. For this reason, I wouldn't expect many species to evolve with a larger-than-necessary distance between their brain and their sensory organs (unless such creature evolved a much faster method of conducting nerve impulses than we possess).
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    1. Re:The problem of nerve impulse conduction by Zordak · · Score: 5, Insightful
      Wait a minute, are you questioning the scientific authority of an article in Forbes, the leading peer-reviewed, highly-respected scientific journal with a proven and unblemished history of unimpeachable accuracy?

      Who was it that called Forbes something like a sort of corporate porn for middle management?

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    2. Re:The problem of nerve impulse conduction by ceoyoyo · · Score: 4, Interesting

      It does. In fact, unusually tall people often have trouble with their feet. They can't feel infections and things very well.

    3. Re:The problem of nerve impulse conduction by ceoyoyo · · Score: 5, Informative

      Some of your reflexes are controlled from your spine as well. Very much faster than waiting for nerve impulses to travel up to your brain and back.

    4. Re:The problem of nerve impulse conduction by cmallinson · · Score: 5, Insightful
      More distance between the brain and the sensory organs also presents the problem of having greater risk of damage to those (now longer) nerves. With the brain in the head, a blow to the neck can cause paralysis of the limbs. With the brain in the torso, a blow to the neck (or perhaps even lower vertebrae) would cause paralysis of the face, as well as rendering the individual deaf and blind. As bad as it would be to be quadriplegic, I'd take it over the alternative.

      As far as I'm concerned, if I'm going to lose my head - my brain may as well go with it.

    5. Re:The problem of nerve impulse conduction by CFTM · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I'm no expert in this sort of stuff but my guess would be that the spinal cord is actually a newer more advanced system and the vagus nerve is the more primative of the two structures. I would guess the vagus nerve dates back to when hearts and lungs started appearing in organisms and not the other way around as your post implies. The importance of that is the vagus nerve was not something that decided the survivability of our ancestors; it was some other species a billion years ago or so who developed it to survive.

      Kinda like Windows, just keep building on top!

  2. reprod organs in mouth? by eosp · · Score: 5, Funny

    how's that a change?

  3. Uh... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny
    It may sound fantastic, but researchers are already working to re-build DNA, proteins and cells in a new field called synthetic biology, and we may have to meet these bug-eyed freaks sometime in our lifetime.
    With that sentance structure "bug-eyed freaks" clearly refers to the subject; the researchers.
  4. Is it just me, or does the 'Alternate Human' ... by ColdCoffee · · Score: 5, Funny

    ...look suspiciously like the Flying Spaghetti Monster?

    --
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  5. bug-eyed freaks by Apostata · · Score: 4, Funny

    "we may have to meet these bug-eyed freaks sometime in our lifetime"

    Dare to dream. Personally, I say we drop everything and try to make the reception on cell phones better.

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  6. Behold!!!! by gasmonso · · Score: 5, Funny

    I present you the five-assed monkey!

    http://religiousfreaks.com/
  7. Re:Oh boy... by eln · · Score: 4, Funny

    Even though 99.9999% of all gods are about as real as the Easter Bunny

    You're off by .0001% there, buddy. Next time don't do the calculation on an old Pentium.

  8. Dynamic tension by wombatmobile · · Score: 5, Funny

    There's no particular necessity that the brain would form in the head

    In modern humans the heart is positioned midway between the brain and the genitals, pumping blood to both.

  9. Question by dwalsh · · Score: 5, Funny

    "...reproductive organs in its mouth"

    Whose?

    --
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  10. We're just evolving differently by bigtrike · · Score: 5, Interesting

    We haven't stopped it, we've only altered the rules. Finding food and escaping predators is no longer much of an evolutionary influence. There are quite a few new things which can cause us to fail to reproduce. Humans will likely evolve in time to become less susceptible to cancer and asthma caused by air pollution, more likely to survive car crash trauma, be more tolerant of lead and mercury, and less likely to suffer negative effects such as heart disease from overconsumption of food. Women whose genetics prevent birth control from working well are currently far more likely to reproduce than others, so we will likely see some tolerance in the general population (although the medications will likely change at a much faster rate than we can evolve around). This is all just speculation though, I'm not a biologist.

  11. Freeman Dyson: "One Species or a Million?" by StefanJ · · Score: 4, Interesting
    "The question that will decide our destiny is not whether we shall expand into space. It is: shall we be one species or a million? A million species will not exhaust the ecological niches that are awaiting the arrival of intelligence.

    ...
    When we are a million species spreading through the galaxy, the questions 'Can man play God and still stay sane?' will lose of of its terrors. We shall be playing God, but only as local dieties and not as lords of the universe. There is safety in numbers. Some of us will become insane , and rule over empires as crazy as Doctor Moreau's island. Some of use will shit on the morning star. There will be conflicts and tragedies. But in the long run, the sane will adapt and survive better than the insane. Nature's pruning of the unfit will limit the spread of insanity among the species in the galaxy, as it does among individuals on earth.

    ...
    The expansion of life over the universe is a beginning, not an end. At the same time as life is extending its habitat quantitatively, it will also be changing and evolving qualitatively into dimensions of mind and spirit that we cannot imagine. The acquisition of new territory is important, not as an end in itself, but as a means to enable life to experiment with intelligence in a million different forms."

    -- "The Greening of the Galaxy," Freeman Dyson, 1979

  12. Re:Skewed statistics by Skreems · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Don't you think it might be a little more accurate if you separated those that are killing BECAUSE of religious reasons, as opposed to those that aren't? China and the USSR were doing all their killing for governmental/control reasons, to maintain their fascist state or during a revolution. That's pretty distinct from religious types who are killing people simply for worshiping the wrong gods. It's dishonest to try to put the two groups together. What you should be comparing are religious nuts who kill for religious reasons, and atheists who specifically target believers because of their religion. And if you actually do that, I'm pretty sure the religious types will win.

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  13. Re:Problems of design by pikine · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Designs are oversimplistic, inflexible, assume fixed conditions in the environment, and cannot function beyond their designed requirements specifications.

    You must be a Windows programmer.

    Evolution has proven superbly effective at creating workable systems...

    Suppose I design an evolution process that is effective at creating workable systems, then by your claim, my design (evolution) must be oversimplistic, inflexible, assumes fixed conditions, and cannot function beyond specification. This is a contradiction to your claim, so evolution process must not be effective, or your statement about design is wrong.

    ...because any component which is serious suboptimal causes the extinction of the entire line that contains it

    Instead of "serious suboptimal causes" you should use the word "defect." Of course, no matter which words you use, your claim is a useless tautology, since a component that extincts is a component that has defect and vice versa.

    But if you just say suboptimal, you can easily find someone who is biologically superior than you, then by your claim you should be extinct. But (I hope) this is not the case for you. There is observably some give or take on how suboptimal you can be. However, this implies that evolution is not so effective because it allows suboptimality, therefore a contradiction to your claim.

    I hope other scientifically curious people are much more logically rigorous than you when defending evolution.

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  14. Re:Why not improve by Carnivore · · Score: 4, Interesting
    I don't agree. We're the product of evolution. The take-home message about evolution that's relevant here is "good enough is fine". As long as some design is good enough, there's no pressure to improve it.

    I can think of several examples right off the top of my head:
    • Combined sexual/excratory organs
    • Inefficient use of water for waste transport/removal
    • Lack of redundancy in significant organs (heart, brain, stomach)
    • Lack of control of immune, piloerectory, etc functions
    • Limited spectral range of vision and hearing, relatively pitiful sense of smell


    There are all kinds of improvments that you could make to the regular human if we were able to. I'd love to be able to see into the UV and IR. That would kick ass.