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Biometric Payment Arrives in a Store Near You

"A chain of Florida convenience stores has begun accepting fingerprints as payment, using a biometric system called Pay By Touch. The company is a Bay-area startup backed by $130 million in VC cash and the acquisition of BioPay, a Virginia-based biometrics firm that's already done $7 billion in European transactions. From the article: 'The company is a bit puzzled by customer privacy fears. After all, they say, how can using a unique fingerprint for identification be riskier to theft than a plastic card, key chain token, or account number? ...The fingerprint image recorded is not the same as those collected by the federal government or law enforcement.'"

37 of 206 comments (clear)

  1. Uhh... by Poromenos1 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    how can using a unique fingerprint for identification be riskier to theft than a plastic card, key chain token, or account number?

    Because you leave them on everything you touch?

    --
    Send email from the afterlife! Write your e-will at Dead Man's Switch.
    1. Re:Uhh... by SubliminalVortex · · Score: 2, Funny

      Uh.. aren't you elite enough to wear those fancy white gloves?

    2. Re:Uhh... by MarkByers · · Score: 5, Insightful

      And you can't cancel (change) your fingerprint if someone finds out what it is.

      --
      I'll probably be modded down for this...
    3. Re:Uhh... by Joebert · · Score: 3, Funny
      Forget gloves, I'm waiting for the fluke where residue from the last print mixing with my print comes up in the computer as Micheal Jackson.
      Clerk: Uhhh, Micheal, Jackson ?...
      Me: Yeeeeah, I had them take it all off & start from scratch.
      --
      Wanna fight ? Bend over, stick your head up your ass, and fight for air.
    4. Re:Uhh... by eclectro · · Score: 4, Insightful

      And you can't cancel (change) your fingerprint if someone finds out what it is.

      And you can't stop the production of gummy bears

      I could probably travel the world on a single package of gummy bears and a set of prints lifted from the sides of soda cans, tossed in the trash outside the convenience store.

      Just remember though, outlaw gummy bears, and only outlaws will have gummy bears.

      --
      Take the cheese to sickbay, the doctor should see it as soon as possible - B'Elanna Torres, "Learning Curve"
    5. Re:Uhh... by frisket · · Score: 2, Informative

      No, because the crooks can just chop off your finger and use it.

    6. Re:Uhh... by cyriustek · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Another issue is that your fingerprint must be stored somewhere else in a database. This leaves room for an attacker to use a digital copy of your fingerprint for other transactions.

      Somebody please correct me if I am wrong, but this is nowhere as safe as a private/public key. If the external party saved your public key, there is no worry. However, your fingerprint does not have two version, one being public, and one being private for signing. On the bright side, they can combine a pin number with the fingerprint, but the stores I have visited (Farm Fresh) do not require a PIN. Only a fingerprint.

    7. Re:Uhh... by AnyoneEB · · Score: 2, Insightful

      It does not matter. A person's fingerprint is not a secret. You leave them everywhere. (Unless you wear gloves all the time.) I assume the cashier watches the customer scan their fingerprint, so they know the fingerprint belongs to the customer. If someone comes in and tries to scan a finger not connected to anything, the cashier will probably suspect something.

      --
      Centralization breaks the internet.
  2. thoughts by yagu · · Score: 2, Informative

    From the article:

    The company is a bit puzzled by customer privacy fears. After all, they say, how can using a unique fingerprint for identification be riskier to theft than a plastic card, key chain token or account number that's tapped into a computer or spoken over the phone?

    WTF? How can they say that? Don't they know how many times each day people lose their fingers? Not to mention the countless times people give each other the finger! (Done so a few times myself.)

    Also:

    It's similar to the finger-scan technology used at theme park gates. Those systems take measurements of patrons' hands and fingers and link them to a multi-day pass to prevent several people from using one person's pass.

    I experienced this at Epcot... in Orlando. I don't know if it was in its experimental phase, but it introduced lots of confusion as people entered the park. And, it was not clear how or where it was used the rest of the time we were in the park -- if it was exclusively to prevent abuse, so be it, but it was an eerie experience at the gates.

    I do wonder about the statement: (FTA)

    The company pledges not to sell or rent personal information, or access to it. The fingerprint image recorded is not the same as those collected by the federal government or law enforcement.
    How can that be? I know my prints are on file (Top Secret clearance, cool!), but I wonder how these prints would differ. Are they storing some kind of hash with no backup of the original scan or image? Weird, but doubtful.

    I think this is great technology as people get more comfortable with it. I would (and do) worry about how soon people get good at counterfeiting fingerprints. Thought I'd read a couple of articles on that very hack and that hacking fingerprints turned out not to be too very hard. Any resources on that?

    Regardless, great point about it not being that much different (and quite a bit less likely to wander off) from keychain fobs, credit cards, etc.

    1. Re:thoughts by DrSkwid · · Score: 4, Informative

      > "The company pledges not to sell or rent personal information, or access to it."

      That should read "The current management of the company pledges not to sell or rent ...."

      http://www.paybytouch.com/privacy_policy.html

      Notification of Changes
      If we make material changes to this policy, we will notify you here, by email, or by means of a notice on the Pay By Touch homepage so that you are aware of what information we collect, how we use it, and under what circumstances, if any, we may disclose it. We will update our privacy policy from time to time.

      Notice the OR, they can change their TOS any time and promise to change their TOS page accordingly.

      Pay By Touch may share your personal information with companies that Pay By Touch contracts to privately and securely verify your identity, process your payments, cash your checks, and prevent fraudulent use of the Pay By Touch services.

      We all know how secure third parties are.

      "In some cases Pay By Touch may provide algorithm or sensor vendor partners who have entered into confidentiality agreements with Pay By Touch with anonymous biometric scans. These companies use the anonymous test scans only to develop, test, modify and improve the performance of their hardware and software products related to the Pay By Touch services. These test scans are not linked to any personally-identifiable identity or account information."

      Er, they are fingerprints, how anonymous are fingerprints!

      http://www.paybytouch.com/member_terms.html

      THE PAY BY TOUCH SERVICE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT ANY WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS WHATEVER OF ANY KIND, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. Pay By Touch will not be liable or responsible for any damage or injury caused by your use of the Service.

      Great, that's the feel good factor !

      --
      There are places where the networks are not touching,and there are places where they are-Boeing's Lori Gunter
    2. Re:thoughts by demigod186 · · Score: 2, Informative

      I agree with your comments, but they are technically correct about the fingerprints being different. The government stores them as images on what are called "ten print" glass plates. Most matching is still done by hand.

      There are two reasons why the fingerprints are different. The first is that they don't store the fingerprint or any image of the finger print, they run a filter to make the initial image black and white(no grays). Then they run an edge detection filter to make the lines obvious. An algorithm is then run that locates minutiae points. There are about 5 different types of minutiae(when a line becomes two, when two lines converge, an arch, a loop, a whorl). The distances between the points(about 12) is computed, and the whole thing is turned into a weighted undirected graph. They use graphs so that even an upside down fingerprint will match with the original.

      Only the graph is saved, and the graphs are compared to verify identity. The fingerprint data that my company uses is less than 1k of data consisting of only minutiae type, links to other minutiae, and distances. So in other words, there is no way to get an image of the finger back, so the police can't use it(for manual matching).

      The second reason is the that there is a union for the police workers that do fingerprint matching, and they have put up a fit to make sure that the police departments only use picture prints or ten prints(Job protection).

    3. Re:thoughts by JWSmythe · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Well, on the anonymous scan part, that is pretty obvious. They're providing a box to developers like you and I. We touch it, it returns a fake record. If it works, it'll return the same fake record every time. If it has a false, it'll probably return a different fake record.

          I'm not particularly comfortable with it still.

          As someone else said, your fingerprints are everywhere.

          Say this does become wide spread. Everyone's using it. I go into a high dollar store, and follow someone who looks like they have money. He picks up a smooth surface box, I carefully follow him and buy the box he just inspected.

          Now I make myself a nice happy fake fingerprint (wax, latex, whatever), now I go shopping.

          It won't take very long for this to become a problem. While zapping up a nice copy of fake prints is stuff for television, it's not impossible to do. As it becomes more profitable, more copies will be made.

          What happens when this becomes a problem? Our victim in question will have to close his account with paybytouch.

          What happens when someone hacks the paybytouch database, and now has a copy of all the fingerprints, or at least the points they are identifying? For the purpose of this exercise, I can be anyone in their database.

      --
      Serious? Seriousness is well above my pay grade.
    4. Re:thoughts by fyngyrz · · Score: 2, Insightful
      Only the graph is saved, and the graphs are compared to verify identity. The fingerprint data that my company uses is less than 1k of data consisting of only minutiae type, links to other minutiae, and distances. So in other words, there is no way to get an image of the finger back, so the police can't use it(for manual matching).

      All they have to do is use your equipment to generate a matching graph of the fingerprint in question, and the police can match against your records that way. In other words, your company *is* storing information useful to the police. The fact that there is one extra (and very easy) step involved for them to use it is entirely irrelevant.

      The fact is, if you store data unique to a person, it can be used against them if it can be retrieved by any other person. That's the nature of the act.

      Now, if you had built in a security system that melts the data set(s) into a pool of crud if anyone tries to get at the records in any way other than one at a time against an input sensor, including opening the case for the memory units, I'd say you maybe had something that would at least inconvenience those who would invade our privacy. But you didn't do any of that, did you? Because that would annoy the feds no end, and your company knows better than to do that.

      --
      I've fallen off your lawn, and I can't get up.
    5. Re:thoughts by JWSmythe · · Score: 2, Informative

      Cashiers don't even look to see the name on a credit card matches the drivers license. What would make you think that they'd pay attention to a bit of discoloration on the index finger?

          Over the years, I've sent girlfriend's out with my credit card to buy things. Only once has one been refused. It's pretty obvious that it's a guy's name on the card, and a girl trying to use it. Even if they checked ID's, they'd see the last names weren't even similar.

      --
      Serious? Seriousness is well above my pay grade.
  3. Gummibears anyone? by sbaker · · Score: 4, Informative

    Didn't Slashdot run a story a while back about a supermarket fingerprint pay
    system that was tried a year or so ago? It could be faked out REALLY easily
    using a Gummibear.

    I can't find the slashdot story - but check this out for example:

    http://www.theregister.com/2002/05/16/gummi_bears_ defeat_fingerprint_sensors/

    Does this new gizmo do something magical to avoid this rather easy attack?

    Just google gummibear and fingerprint and you'll find a gazillion How To
    articles.

    If the biometrics guys are 'a bit puzzled by customer privacy fears" then
    they are horribly ill-informed!

    I can avoid leaving my credit card lying around for someone to steal - but
    it's very hard indeed to avoid leaving my fingerprints in all sorts of
    public places. If I could find out how to defeat their scanner so easily
    with about 10 seconds of Googling - you can be very sure that the bad guys
    will be lining up.

    --
    www.sjbaker.org
    1. Re:Gummibears anyone? by SubliminalVortex · · Score: 4, Funny
      Touching a "gummy bear" in a way in which it wasn't intended is just plain wrong. Gummy bears are meant to be eaten not fondled.

      Also, do you know how old that gummy bear is? You might be touching an under-aged gummy bear.

      One might have a gummy bear fetish. (hrmpphph they are tasty.....)

    2. Re:Gummibears anyone? by plover · · Score: 3, Informative
      Superglue, cameras, blank circuit boards, and etchant are required to make the mold. All crap I have had laying around my house for the past 20 years. And gelatin is require to make the fingerprints. That's in my pantry, and not so old. The last two ingredients are knowledge (see the link) and the lack of ethics that keep normal people from committing crimes (in sadly short supply.)

      "Gummibear fingerprints" are not certainly not FUD (although they're not made from real gummibears.) They're a real attack that's easy to make, and fun to eat!

      The reasons they'd work so well for fraud are numerous. First, while it's pretty easy to keep track of your fingers, it's virtually impossible to "guard" your fingerprints. You leave them everywhere -- your phone, doorknobs, keyboards, dishes, plastic bags, everywhere. It just takes a little bit of "Hardy Boys Detective Handbook" work to photograph them. Making a circuit board from a photograph is something I did a lot in 7th grade, but nowdays digital cameras and laser printers are more common than photographic enlargers. And even I can mix up gelatin without burning down the kitchen.

      The neat thing is that gelatin itself is the ideal material for forging fingerprints. It is simply animal protein (it's pretty much ground up cow hooves and collagen, if you want the real details.) It's biotic matter, so it has roughly the same electrical capacitive properties as human skin. It's thin and transparent, so a "pulse detector" that senses the infrared pulses given off by circulating blood can see right through it. And if you wet it, it's kind of sticky and can easily be applied to the fingertips before heading to the cash register. Once applied, they're virtually impossible to see. Gelatin is almost indistinguishable in every way from human skin.

      Everything that a fingerprint scanner can be built to look for (at a cheap enough price to sell to grocery stores) is right there on your fingertip. Even if the alarm bells sounded and the guards came running, you'd still have time to pop your finger into your mouth and eat the evidence.

      --
      John
  4. The cost of shopping.... by SubliminalVortex · · Score: 5, Funny

    Fingers today only, next month, we charge an arm and a leg!

  5. In Other News by Who235 · · Score: 5, Funny

    Officials from the Tampa police department respond to a rash of armed index finger amputations. Meat cleaver sales rise, while guitar sales plummet.

    Film at 11:00.

  6. Company pledges by plover · · Score: 4, Insightful
    From TFA: The company pledges not to sell or rent personal information, or access to it.

    I read this line too and it made me want to scream. "Company pledges" are worth exactly shit these days. "We pledge to protect your privacy and retain the right to alter this pledge at any time." "We pledge to never sell or distribute all of this personal information that we insist on gathering, really, unless we're bought out by another company that doesn't pledge this."

    I don't want pledges. I don't want them to have this info, period. I don't want to receive marketing from them any more than I want it from third parties.

    Now, if there was accountability behind these pledges, such as "We are bonded for a $10,000 per customer coverage to never leak any customer information" or "Under penalties of perjury with a minimum of five years prison time to be served by each member of the entire Board of Directors, we pledge to never sell or otherwise distribute any personal information collected by us. Furthermore, under threat of the same penalites we pledge to use this information only for verification of your account, and never for marketing purposes of any sort."

    Those are some pledges that I'd be slightly more inclined to believe.

    --
    John
    1. Re:Company pledges by sbaker · · Score: 4, Insightful

      It's hard to imagine anything that's more personally sensitive than SWIFT banking transactions - and they gave those records up to the US government in no time flat!

      These days you have to assume that any item of data you give to anyone is insecure from that point on.

      --
      www.sjbaker.org
  7. Fingerprints are less reliable ... by Manip · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Some people's fingerprints can't be scanned by these machines... Last year I went to Florida and they have fingerprint machines at all the big theme parts and at the airport. None of these machines could pick up my prints... And every second time I used them I got rejected ... So this flawless technology is anything but... I do nothing special with my hands, so it must be one of those "from birth" things... But if you're unlucky like I am then don't expect to be paying with your fingers any time soon. I am not looking forward to going back though American customs as I know the fingerprint machine will reject my prints and I'll get sent home or something crazy.

    1. Re:Fingerprints are less reliable ... by demigod186 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      This is true about the 1-2% of the pop. Those people don't produce enough oil on their skin.

  8. Don't they watch murder shows? by NeuroManson · · Score: 4, Interesting

    "After all, they say, how can using a unique fingerprint for identification be riskier to theft than a plastic card, key chain token, or account number?"

    Just look at murder victims whose hands have been lopped off to hide their identities. It doesn't take much of a (morbid) leap of logic that someone could hold onto a thumb, and surrepticiously use it to withdraw someone's entire finances.

    --
    Just because you can mod me down, doesn't mean you're right. Shoes for industry!
  9. But it could be.used by them! by Newer+Guy · · Score: 2, Interesting
    'The fingerprint image recorded is not the same as those collected by the federal government or law enforcement.'

    But just watch...it could be USED by law enforcement in about ten seconds!

    California has required you to give a scanned fingerprint for years just to get or renew your driver's license. I've always wondered how many divisions of law enforcement now have MY fingerprint in their dtatbase. When I asked the guy at the DMV, he said he didn't know, but was SURE that law enforcement could access their fingerprint database without ant warrants.

    1984 was 22 years ago. We're WAY past that privacy wise!

  10. Mugger steals credit card: bad by CrazyJim1 · · Score: 2, Funny

    Mugger steals your finger, worse.

  11. Print Scanners? by Fusione · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Iris scanners are not that expensive anymore, and I don't understand why thumb scanners are used anywhere outside of having a little usb toy attached to your computer. This confusion doubles when you consider it in situations where security is very important, like cash transactions.

  12. Okay so we have by zephc · · Score: 2, Funny

    finger-print scanners as payment. Check.
    fuel from anything in 9 years. Check.

    Now all we need hoverboards and Pepsi Perfect.

    --
    "I would say that 99 per cent of what my father has written about his own life is false." - L. Ron Hubbard Jr.
  13. I'm not *that* anonymous by anaesthetica · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Scuttlemonkey wrote "An anonymous reader writes..." despite the fact that this is my journal entry, and says qo quite clearly at the top of the story: "Journal written by anaesthetica (596507) and posted by ScuttleMonkey on 14:12 Saturday 24 June 2006"

    I mean, I may not stand out in a crowd, but this is just an unnecessary blow to my ego.

  14. Others use it, too by johnmoe · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Cub Foods also uses it. You need to enter a 7 digit number along with your finger print. It really didn't seem easier than swiping a card and entering a four digit number, so I didn't go with it. They suggest using your phone number for the seven digit number. I imagine the number is needed to make the database lookup practical. I wonder what would happen if LOTS of people started using the same seven digit number "1234567"...

    1. Re:Others use it, too by mark-t · · Score: 3, Insightful

      The 7 digit number is probably there to conform to the normal standard of requiring two pieces of ID for confirmation of who you are. The 7 digit number is one, and your fingerprint is the other. This not only confirms your identity but also confirms that their records are accurate with respect to any identification that you have previously provided them with. If something doesn't match up with their records, they can ask you for details and confirm your identity another way before processing your payment.

  15. Okay, it's a cheap shot, but... by Kid+Zero · · Score: 2, Funny

    Which finger did they want on file, again? :eg:

  16. Does anyone remember... by Red+Samurai · · Score: 2, Informative

    The story on fingerprint scanners being fooled by play-doh? I can't find the bloody link anymore though.

  17. Modern Biometrics by cdrguru · · Score: 4, Informative

    It is important to know that these sensors are not optical in any way. They are using sensors similar to those from Authentec which use an RF scan to penetrate the first layer of skin. This eliminates problems with "too wet" and "too dry" fingers and also prevents spoofing by just about everything except cutting the finger off.

    There are some systems that can be fooled much easier, but they are not being used by PayByTouch. Nor is anyone serious about using a fingerprint scanner anymore.

    Microsoft sells an optically-based fingerprint scanner that can be fooled by latex molds, gummi bears and lots of other stuff.

  18. The biggest problem by gleffler · · Score: 2, Insightful

    is a fear of two-factor authentication. Really, the solution here is to keep the fancy fingerprint-system and to *combine* it with a PIN that can be changed readily by presenting a second form of photo ID. This way, if your fingerprints get compromised, your PIN is still unique and you can change it whenever you want. The fact that they're so insistent on "touch it and go without any work!" is the security downfall, and it's kind of sad when it would literally take an extra 10 seconds at most to input a 6-digit PIN with your other hand while your hand was being read by the reader.

    Two (or three) factor authentication is really the way to go for any system that you care about. Apparently people aren't remembering this from Security 101.

  19. Re:Ahhhh... thats also what the FBI has... by DumbSwede · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Actually this is how all law enforcement data bases work. They find places where print ridges have certain kinds of discontinuities, bifurcations etc... then store the potions of these points relative to each other. Very few database matches rely on a complete match, nor are they actually comparing actual pictures of prints, but rather how many points in common line up. Since lifting prints often distorts the print or misses some areas, exact matches are really ever found, but the quality of the match goes up with the more points in common. I believe the standard is 5 points in common to be considered a match. A figure many feel is too low and has probably falsely identified many people -- especially when you are just trolling for matches in a database of millions, and no other evidence.

    Point is, there is nothing to keep some future law enforcement under newly enacted laws from subpoena the database and converting it to troll for matches, with as mentioned before the high likelihood of false positives.

    Congratulations! You are our One Millionth Customer to be accused of Homicide!

  20. Not a print image by Baavgai · · Score: 2, Interesting

    We use finger print readers where I work. This, of course, only applies to the system I'm familiar with, but I doubt the store one is that divergent. They don't store anything resembling an image, but rather a numerical encoding of a given number of key points. I get the impression the actual process involves some kind of hash number validation.

    The reason that "the fingerprint image recorded is not the same as those collected by the federal government or law enforcement" may be chillingly pragmatic. We were told when implementing our system that if we stored fingerprint data up to government specs we would be required to provide that information to the government. As a result our company, and most others, store data below the threshold that will get them noticed by the feds.

    The fingerprint validation itself is somewhat fluid. Most people don't press the reader the exact same way twice in a row, the finger distorts under different levels of pressure, reacts to environmental changes, and even the current health of the individual. This kind validation requires a level tolerance to be set.

    Some individuals never seem to get a good read, the tolerance for such people needs to be loosened to get any kind of positive feedback. As a result, some of our employees could hoist a big toe on the reader and probably get a pass. I simply wouldn't trust these things not to mistake me for the granny with the bad fingerprints.