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NASA To Determine Hubble's Fate

clickclickdrone writes "According to the BBC NASA is debating whether or not to send astronauts in to space to service the Hubble telescope. Without intervention it is thought to be good for another 24-36months. Given the quality of images and data it has produced since it's launch, it sounds like a no brainer to me but the people who hold the purse strings are rarely predictable when it comes to spending money."

42 of 192 comments (clear)

  1. Auction Hubble by Colin+Smith · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Sell it off to the highest bidder. Some other space agency may well want to take over the maintenance and running of the telescope. Or maybe Google to grab it turn it round and use it to map the earth down to the smallest pebble.

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    Deleted
    1. Re:Auction Hubble by Apocalypse111 · · Score: 2, Funny

      I can see it now, the GoldenPalace.com Space Telescope!

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    2. Re:Auction Hubble by Orange+Crush · · Score: 4, Insightful

      What other nation or organization has a spacecraft capable of servicing Hubble within 24-36 months? Bear in mind, Hubble was designed to be serviced by the shuttle. Everyone else is pretty much using capsules exclusively, which aren't nearly as EVA-friendly nor do they have the necessary robotic arm.

    3. Re:Auction Hubble by omeomi · · Score: 2, Funny

      What other nation or organization has a spacecraft capable of servicing Hubble within 24-36 months?

      FOR SALE: One Space Telescope, under warranty. w/ 3-year service contract. Ask for Tony.

    4. Re:Auction Hubble by Chosen+Reject · · Score: 5, Informative

      Because of how the Hubble Telescope works, it would do a very crummy job of imaging Earth.

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    5. Re:Auction Hubble by Xzzy · · Score: 2, Informative

      Or maybe Google to grab it turn it round and use it to map the earth down to the smallest pebble.

      I'm sure you're just being facetious, but I figured I'd note for anyone that finds this sort of thing interesting, the Hubble can't track the earth. It's moving too fast, any images taken would end up as a streaky blur. Earth slides beneath it at something like 4 miles per second, and the shutter on the Hubble is intended for long exposures.

      The Hubble doesn't even have the resolution to pick out the lunar landing sites. For all the amazing work it's done over the years, it's specs really aren't that impressive in modern terms.

    6. Re:Auction Hubble by wanerious · · Score: 4, Interesting
      Perhaps we're pushing this so hard is makework for all of people who have degrees (in this field)?

      Surprisingly not. Most astronomers I rub elbows with are not too supportive of the Hubble program. Sure, the pictures and deep field stuff is nice, but with recent advances in adaptive optics, we can build enormous ground-based scopes for much less money that outperform Hubble. And Hubble has diverted hundreds of millions of dollars away from other projects. I'm not a zealot for either side, but the professional astronomical community is certainly not of one mind on this.

    7. Re:Auction Hubble by wass · · Score: 2, Informative
      Most astronomers I rub elbows with are not too supportive of the Hubble program.

      Interesting, which institution's astronomers are you "rubbing elbows" with? I'm a physicst, not an astronomer, but of all the astronomy faculty, post-docs, and grad students at my institution I know of only a single professional astronomer (out of dozens, maybe even approaching 100+) that favors phasing out Hubble, and that's only because he is a PI in a Hubble replacement proposal. And this includes astronomers that primarily study UV w/ Chandra, and radio at other telescopes and don't even use Hubble, people studying universe structure with ground-based Sloan surveys, theorists not even using any telescopes at all, they all still support Hubble 100%.


      Adaptive optics are nice for ground-based imaging, but most of the actual astrophysical research makes use of spectra, identifying things like atomic emissions and absorptions, temperatures, redshifts/blueshifts, etc. Eg, finding hints of iron in black holes, discovering that galaxy arms are moving faster than allowed for by galactic mass (hints of dark matter), studying Zeeman splitting for measuring magnetic fields of distant objects, etc. Atmospheric artifacts may be alleviated with adaptive optics, but spectras are still fundamentally important and are vastly superior with space-based telescopes. Especially so for looking at IR and UV wavelengths, where the atmospheric attenuation is prohibitively large.


      Additionally, imaging is superior in space when looking at faint objects that need very long acquisition times. The atmospheric noise floor (due to scattered light) is too high for ground-based observatories doing reasonably long-term acquisitions (days) to compete with space-based observatories.

      --

      make world, not war

  2. Get their attention... by Otter+Escaping+North · · Score: 5, Funny

    Tell them Hubble might have found oil on a distant planet, and that we need to take another look.

    --
    Running Windows^H^H^H^H^H^H^H OSX and Linux in the home. (I don't have time for Solitaire any more.)
    1. Re:Get their attention... by roystgnr · · Score: 5, Informative

      Of course the presence of oil on another body would show that life once existed there. What book have you read that said that oil can be created in any manner other than through decomposing biological material?

      How about "Dissociation of Methane into Hydrocarbons at. Extreme (Planetary) Pressure and Temperature.", by F. Ancilotto, G. L. Chiarotti, S. Scandolo, and E. Tosatti, in the February 28, 1997 issue of Science? Their molecular dynamics simulations show that methane is likely to breakdown into a mixture including ethane, butane, and even alkanes (i.e. oil) at the high pressures and temperatures found deep within the interiors of Neptune and Uranus. No living organisms involved.

      Let me guess, you probably think that oil is an infinite resource that magically renews itself.

      Even when you feel certain that you're right, you should try to be more polite about it just in case you're wrong. Otherwise people may end up giving your opinions the same disdain you've shown to others.

      It sounds like you saw the topic, immediately thought "abiotic oil nutjob", and hurried to wail on him. However, just because you recognize the biological history of oil on Earth doesn't mean you have to jump to the conclusion that no other processes operate elsewhere. Take that attitude too far and you'll end up trying to find the alien messages in pulsars.

  3. Not Only Money by crymeph0 · · Score: 3, Insightful

    it sounds like a no brainer to me but the people who hold the purse strings are rarely predictable when it comes to spending money.

    There's way more than money at stake here. Maybe Hubble is worth the risk to the astronaut's lives, but you can't just ignore that issue.

    --
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    1. Re:Not Only Money by uujjj · · Score: 2, Insightful

      This is an important point. The real question is not whether the mission is too risky but whether a few more years of Hubble is worth $1B+.

    2. Re:Not Only Money by dslbrian · · Score: 4, Insightful

      There's way more than money at stake here. Maybe Hubble is worth the risk to the astronaut's lives, but you can't just ignore that issue.

      Thats the core of the debate I'm sure, but its a ridiculous point. Space travel is always a risk to an astronaut. If astronauts have a problem with the risks involved then they should get a different job. I'm sure there is a whole line of would be astronauts ready to take their place. Its was a risk when they first put the Hubble in place, and when they serviced it the first time. The risk is unchanged since then, in fact it should be lower since they now have ideas of what problems they may encounter.

    3. Re:Not Only Money by Ctrl-Z · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Since the US government just signed off on a 700-mile-long fence along the Mexican border with a down payment of $1.2 billion [1], I think it's worth spending that much for a few more years of Hubble. But that's just me.

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    4. Re:Not Only Money by mrchaotica · · Score: 4, Insightful
      Maybe Hubble is worth the risk to the astronaut's lives, but you can't just ignore that issue.

      You're kidding, right? Anyone who manages to become an astronaut knows full well about the risks, and chose it anyway. If we were having to conscript people to go fix Hubble it would be one thing, but since the line of people who would volunteer to do it would stretch all the way from the launchpad to the vehicle assembly building, I say we let them do it!

      <flamebait>Besides, it's not any riskier than being a soldier in Iraq...</flamebait>

      --

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    5. Re:Not Only Money by Xzzy · · Score: 3, Interesting

      But what if that 1 billion were to end up spent on Hubble's replacement, which would permit a new level of research?

      A lot of the "save Hubble" defense seems to be more sentimental than practical. I'm not saying it should be tossed in the bin just because it's old, but it IS old, and technology has advanced tremendously since it was put into orbit. I'm not against being sentimental either, but if the money doesn't exist to maintain two space observatories, I know I'd choose to get an all new one.

    6. Re:Not Only Money by Chris+Burke · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I'm not against being sentimental either, but if the money doesn't exist to maintain two space observatories, I know I'd choose to get an all new one.

      That really isn't the choice. There isn't a replacement waiting in the wings that we can choose to launch instead. According to the WP article on HST, there may be a newer telescope that would be ready to launch in 2010, but that project is currently unfunded and thus that launch date should be pushed back by the time it would take to get funding. The JWST won't be ready until after 2010, and isn't exactly a replacement for Hubble since it operates at different wavelengths.

      Plus, budgets just don't work that way. There is no service Hubble/build replacement binary choice. This year, we decide on an HST service mission. Next year, they may talk about funding a replacement. These budgets aren't equivalent, either. An HST service mission would be much cheaper than the design of a replacement and it's launch mission. If we fund HST this year, and in five years we fund a replacement, we'd have two amazing space observatories.

      It isn't about being sentimental. The HST is an incredible piece of equipment, we won't have a new space observatory that could replace it, and with a single servicing mission we could get another ten to fifteen years of scientific discovery from it. Without that servicing mission, we are going to be without any space telescope at all for at least three years, but more likely much more.

      It's not that expensive. It's a fantastic piece of equipment, even if better technology exists. We would be missing out on a huge amount of science if we let it just fall because we're afraid or to cheap to launch. if we're too cheap to fix Hubble, we're too cheap to replace it, and then we're really losing out.

      Fix Hubble. It makes sense.

      --

      The enemies of Democracy are
    7. Re:Not Only Money by DerekLyons · · Score: 2, Interesting
      it sounds like a no brainer to me but the people who hold the purse strings are rarely predictable when it comes to spending money.
      There's way more than money at stake here. Maybe Hubble is worth the risk to the astronaut's lives, but you can't just ignore that issue.

      This is going to sound cold - but its realistic.
       
      The astronauts lives really aren't worth considering. They are volunteers and know the score - and there are hundreds if not thousands more where they came from. OTOH, the Orbiters are multi-billion dollar irreplaceable national assets. Assets without which we cannot complete ISS after another loss. And even though the ISS is about the most expensive way to do the engineering and biological research needed as a percursor to a Mars mission - it's all we have for the forseeable future.
    8. Re:Not Only Money by gstoddart · · Score: 2, Insightful
      A lot of the "save Hubble" defense seems to be more sentimental than practical. I'm not saying it should be tossed in the bin just because it's old, but it IS old, and technology has advanced tremendously since it was put into orbit.

      I think it would be a shame to have no functioning space-based telescope.

      If they don't fix it, it will be a whole lot of years before (or, indeed, if) they get around to putting up a replacement. I can envision them not repairing Hubble, and then ultimately not putting up a replacement. In which case, all of the science they are currently getting from it, dries up and ceases to be.

      That would suck.

      Cheers
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  4. Actually... by maddogsparky · · Score: 2, Informative

    Well, Cassini-Huygens did find hydrocarbons on Titan. Don't know if Hubble was involved.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassini-Huygens

    --
    science is a religion
  5. Not so one-dimensional by Zarniwoop · · Score: 3, Insightful
    It's not just money. It's risk of a shuttle launch. You may remember we've had a few... issues... recently with that.

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  6. That's no moon! by Red+Flayer · · Score: 4, Funny
    I can see it now, the GoldenPalace.com Space Telescope!
    Sure beats the GoldenShower.com Space Telescope.
    --
    "Trolls they were, but filled with the evil will of their master: a fell race..." -- J.R.R. Tolkien on Olog-hai
  7. Unfortunately for us, the current administration.. by mmell · · Score: 3, Insightful
    wants to relive the heady days of the space race and the Apollo program - President Dubya is tired of this "Science for the sake of knowledge" stuff and wants to put men on the Moon and Mars.

    Besides, our current president is (seemingly) not quite sharp enought to get most of what science discovers using the HST. He'd rather have "feet on the ground" as it were, telling him things like "We've landed and claimed Mars in the name of the USA" rather than "We've made a startling discovery regarding the dynamics of planetary formation within stellar nurseries".

    That said, maybe it is time we went back to the true promise of space exploration - getting mankind out into the Galaxy. There is a certain attraction to the notion of manned space exploration versus robotic/remote methods. Certainly a kind of heroic appeal to the act itself; and all of our robotic/remote exploration was and is intended to ultimately pave the way for manned exploration anyhow. Perhaps we know enough now to take those first tenative steps into space.

    Like most coins, this one appears to have two sides.

  8. The debate by styryx · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Is the cost of building and launching a new and better satellite going to much more expensive than training astronauts, sending them to hubble to fix it and bringing them back down again?

    Perhaps they could take the space elevator...:b

    1. Re:The debate by Waffle+Iron · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Given the unreliability and outrageous costs of shuttle launches, it would probably be quicker and cheaper to take the backup mirror out of the Smithsonian Institution, build a new copy of the Hubble with it, and launch it on an expendable rocket. Unfortunately, in the mind of budget directors, that would be a "new project", and it would be harder to fund than just shoveling yet more money into the shuttle black hole.

  9. Mike broke the Hubble. by Rob+T+Firefly · · Score: 2, Funny

    They should send a temp up there to fix it, perhaps the one who busted the damn thing in the first place. That'd teach him.

  10. Replace it... by ironicsky · · Score: 3, Interesting

    If its going to cost millions/billions to fix hubble we could just replace it with modern technology. Better yet, we could have a H Prize to replace hubble. Let the private sector try to launch their own. I mean, if they can launch a shuttle to space let them do other things. NASA Cant seem to do it for under a billion.

  11. Benefit to mankind by swestcott · · Score: 2, Interesting

    As the whole world has benefited maybe we could pass around the hat to get this funded

  12. Hubble may simply not be good enough by lokedhs · · Score: 3, Interesting
    There are ground-based telescopes that produces much better pictures than what Hubble can produce these days. I believe that the choice to abandon it may very well simply be a result of some simple maths. The same scientific results can be had cheaper by using the VLT. Here's an interesting quote from the Wikipedia article:

    The VLTs are equipped with a large set of instruments permitting observations to be performed from the near-UV to the mid-IR (ie a large fraction of the light wavelengths accessible from the surface of the Earth), with the full range of techniques including high-resolution spectroscopy, multi-object spectroscopy, imaging, and high-resolution imaging. In particular, the VLT has several Adaptive optics systems, which at infrared wavelengths correct for the effects of the atmospheric turbulence, providing images almost as sharp as if the telescope was in space. In the near-IR, the Adaptive Optics images of the VLT are up to 3 times sharper than those of the HST, and the spectroscopic resolution is many times better than Hubble. The VLTs are noted for their high level of observing efficiency and automation.
    1. Re:Hubble may simply not be good enough by gerardrj · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Exactly. In the 16 years since it's launch our technology has improved dramatically. We have learned to make super large mirrors, flexible mirrors, and other such improvements to the optical systems. We can now use a laser and either flexible mirrors or computers to remove the distortion of the atmosphere. We've gained the compute power to build arrays of smaller scopes to build a "virtual" telescope orders of magnitude larger than any single reflector in the array.
      On top of that we've also sent up other spacecraft, or are building them, that dwarf Hubble's capabilities.

      Hubble does have the rather unique ability to stay parked on a single target, continuously, for very long periods of time. No Earth based scope can do that. But again, there are smaller, faster, cheaper craft in service or coming on line soon that will have better imaging and better processing power.

      I don't know that Hubble should be repaired and kept operating, but I do think it should be brought back to Earth for placement in the Smithsonian Air and Space Museum.

      --
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  13. Re:Unfortunately for us, the current administratio by Hijacked+Public · · Score: 2, Insightful
    President Bush knows, or at least his handlers know, that US space exploration needs the support of the public. While a great many things can be hidden away in a budget as vast as the US Federal government's there is considerable political danger in diverting money to something unpopular.


    Consider that while the push to put a human on the moon was mostly a marketing campaign the end result was that the public was happy to see large sums of their money spent on it. The shuttle program had similar hype but it has faded away, both from explosions and from the fact that people are bored with seeing the same thing. The Mars rovers generated some excitement as well but it was short lived.

    So the administration may well be trying to generate the same kind of public support for space exploration that it had in the Apollo era. Quite often, if you let the marketing people do their thing, the end result is a gain in resources that will eventually fund more important work. Like it or don't, "We've landed and claimed Mars in the name of the USA" will result in a lot more cheering and bumper ribbons and T shirt sales than "We've made a startling discovery regarding the dynamics of planetary formation within stellar nurseries".

    --
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  14. Outsource it to save money by SpinyNorman · · Score: 2, Insightful

    I can't imagine NASA doing it for loss of face, but since a Soyuz launch is $5m vs $50M for the shuttle (which is anyway overbooked for the short remainder of it's lifetime), couldn't NASA just pay the Ruskies to take their Hubble repairman up for a day trip?

  15. So glad I have all the information in front of me. by AIXadmin · · Score: 2, Insightful

    I love posts like this. I am so glad the poster had all the information NASA officials have in front of them. Plus a distinguished panel of experts to advise them. One minute we say NASA is great for having the foresight to put Hubble up their. Then we rag on them when they think the money could get more bang for the buck somewhere else.

  16. Many astronauts have spoken by wass · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Actually, several astronauts have spoken out in the past few years saying they were willing to go service Hubble again, despite the risks. Ie, they understand the huge scientific output that are at stake should Hubble be shut down. Additionally, the risks aren't greater than previous Hubble servicing missions, it's just that there are problems of which we were blissfully unaware previously.

    --

    make world, not war

  17. their lives are not their own by theStorminMormon · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Of course we should take into account the willingness of astronauts to go into space for this mission. Especially because astronauts are not prone to ignoring safety considerations, and so if they are willing they probably think it is reasonably safe to do so. But it is worth pointing out that in a certain sense an astronaut is not entirely a private citizen. When we lose an astronaut, it's a blow to the entire nation.

    I'm just saying that just because we have astronauts willing to go doesn't mean we can neglect to take into consideration the risk to their lives.

    -stormin

    --
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  18. Re:Do you pay to upgrade an old 386 or buy a new p by wass · · Score: 2, Insightful
    If all you need to do is pop in a faster CPU and swap out a busted fan, with existing technology that's built and debugged, why not upgrade the 386? Especially since buying a new computer (in this stupid analogy anyway) will take at least a decade or more before it's built, debugged, and working. And besides, the current Hubble successor (JWST) is near IR and loses the visible. And ground-based telescopes don't provide the same quality of spectra that space-based telescopes can, nor can they provide as quiet long-time (many-orbit) acquisitions.


    No one is saying not to develop new instruemnts (ie, JWST is in progress, but also Chandra and SIRTF have been launched recently and others are also on the drawing board), but Hubble is responsible for HUGE amounts of scientific research, all of which will all be brought to an abrupt halt if funding is cut off.

    --

    make world, not war

  19. Re:Astronauts or Hubble. Easy. by Chris+Burke · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Yeah I know, the astronauts know the risks involved. Yet the risk is bigger to who manned space program should something go wrong, especially something going wrong on a mission that is "largely" optional.

    The only space missions that are not entirely optional are the ones that involve recovering crew from a space station.

    If we can't afford the risk to service Hubble, then we can't afford the risk to do anything else in space and should just mothball the entire manned space program right now.

    The shuttle is not that big a risk. While it has flown less than expected, it has actually had better safety and reliability than was originally calculated. There have been two terrible disasters, but many flying successes. The safety of the space shuttle right now has never been higher. So if it was worth the risk to put the HST up in the first place, then it is worth the lesser risk that exists now to go up and service it.

    I'm serious. Hubble is one of the space shuttle's greatest successes. If we can't risk servicing Hubble, then our entire manned space program is useless and should be scrapped. If we are going to even pretend that it isn't useless, then we should service Hubble.

    --

    The enemies of Democracy are
  20. The real problem by SnarfQuest · · Score: 3, Informative

    As I understand it, the real problem is that a service mission would cost more than a replacement for the Hubble; which would have better optics, improved insturments, better reliability, etc.

    --
    Who would win this election: Andrew Weiner vs Andrew Weiner's weiner.
  21. already done by Quadraginta · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Hubble's replacement is the James Webb Telescope, and has been in the works for a long time. Slated for launch in 2013, it will have a 6.5 meter primary mirror (Hubble's is 2.4 meters), be optimized for the near-infrared (so it can see through dust clouds, and further back in time and/or farther away), and orbit at the second Lagrange point about a million miles from Earth, instead of right around Earth like Hubble. That means it won't be bothered by light from the Earth, so it can see far dimmer things, and also that it can point steadily without having to compensate for its rapid orbital motion, unlike Hubble.

    Hubble is certainly very nice for crowd-pleasing photos, and it's done valuable science, but I think the astrophysics community is a lot more interested in JWST. Near IR astronomy seems much more fruitful in terms of actual science than visible, is my impression. Considering a Shuttle mission costs something like $250 million, it is not clear that the money is best spent prolonging the aging Hubble's lifetime another few years. Bear in mind the Shuttle fleet is to be grounded in 2010 anyway, so there can be no more servicing missions, and Hubble's hardware is beginning to wear out.

  22. Re:Why not make another? by GrEp · · Score: 2, Interesting

    The extra costs per unit would be griding a new lens/mirrors and the "shipping" cost into orbit. Other development costs would be incremental. Plus, we would have more eyes in the sky for research.

    Also, along the lines of another poster a fleet of NOAA immaging satalites would rule. Think of a google earth type site getting a high res refresh of the whole earth each week.

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  23. Re:James Webb Space Telescope by r3lik · · Score: 2, Interesting

    http://www.jwst.nasa.gov/ lists the launch date as 2013. Yikes! Even still, with the cost overruns that will almost for sure happen you would think saving money now may be in everybody's best interest. Perhaps Hubble has outlived its usefulness. We can get by with our ground based observatories until then, finetune our cosmological understanding between now and then with CERN et. al, and in 7 years have that bad boy up in space with its 6.5m mirror and put Hubble to shame.

  24. Grammar for Fun and Profit by macserv · · Score: 2, Insightful

    I usually refrain, but this post was damned near unreadable. Punctuation and capitalization are important.