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Linux Kernel 2.6.21 Released

diegocgteleline.es writes "Linus Torvalds has released Linux 2.6.21 after months of development. This release improves the virtualization with VMI, a paravirtualization interface that will be used by Vmware. KVM does get initial paravirtualization support along with live migration and host suspend/resume support. 2.6.21 also gets a tickless idle loop mechanism called 'Dynticks', built in top of 'clockevents', another feature that unifies the timer handling and brings true high-resolution timers. Other features are: bigger kernel parameter-line, support for the PA SEMI PWRficient CPU and for the Cell-based 'celleb' Toshiba architecture, NFS IPv6 support, IPv4 IPv6 IPSEC tunneling, UFS2 write, kprobes for PPC32, kexec and oprofile for ARM, public key encryption for ecryptfs, Fcrypt and Camilla cipher algorithms, NAT port randomization, audit lockdown mode, some new drivers and many other small improvements."

18 of 296 comments (clear)

  1. Damnit! by FunWithKnives · · Score: 5, Funny

    And I just upgraded to 2.6.20-15! (Kubuntu Feisty Fawn)

    --
    "We may face a scorched and lifeless earth, but they're accountable to their shareholders first."
  2. Tickless only for x86 now, still good news by MarcQuadra · · Score: 5, Interesting

    I follow prerelease kernels and I've been waiting for this. I've found that running my VMWare hosts and guests with tickless, low-HZ, voluntary-preempted kernels is seriously reducing the overhead you get when you run more virtual CPUs than real ones in your box.

    I can't wait for it to mature on PPC, MIPS, and x86_64! Right now it's 32-bit x86 only.

    --
    "Sometimes, I think Trent just needs a cup of hot chocolate and a blankie." -Tori Amos on Nine Inch Nails
    1. Re:Tickless only for x86 now, still good news by AaronW · · Score: 5, Informative

      It means that they were able to successfully remove the blood sucking parasites from the kernel.

      Most kernels use a periodic system timer tick to do various housekeeping chores, like rescheduling tasks, sending packets, flushing files from the cache, etc. Usually this occurs at some periodic rate, i.e. every 1-10ms for Linux and every 10-15ms for Windows (according to this article.

      This is a bit wasteful of CPU resources, since the kernel might not need to do anything for quite a while, or it might want a high resolution timer with higher accuracy than normal system timer. For example, when the system is idle, the CPU still must wake up and process a timer interrupt for every timer tick, and if it's set to 1ms there are 1000 interrupts per second.

      A tickless kernel instead only schedules the next tick for when it is needed, so if the system is idle and nothing needs to happen for 50ms, then the next tick will be scheduled 50ms later. On the other hand, if a timer needs to go off in 750 microseconds, the kernel can schedule the next interrupt to go off then, giving much higher accuracy.

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  3. That's nice and all... by rob1980 · · Score: 4, Funny

    ... but does it run Linux?

    1. Re:That's nice and all... by diegocgteleline.es · · Score: 4, Funny

      Since it supports para/virtualization yes, of course, it runs linux!

      (Damn, finally there's an answer for this!)

  4. Another solution to a timeless problem! by iamacat · · Score: 5, Funny

    Once again, it took many months of work to optimize an idle loop.

  5. Re:Bloat? by qbwiz · · Score: 4, Insightful

    most distros are going to include a kernel with the kitchen sink compiled in.

    No, most distros are going to include a kernel with the kitchen sink compiled as modules, taking up a few megabytes on the hard drive, but never loaded.
    --
    Ewige Blumenkraft.
  6. The list of changes can be found... by diegocgteleline.es · · Score: 4, Informative
  7. Re:Bloat? by Lxy · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I've noticed that each time I compile a new kernel, something has been moved to [deprecated] status that was still live in the last release. All the deprecated stuff is not compiled in by default, keeping the resulting bzImage size manageable.

    Most distros compile everything as modules, which generally keeps the overall size of the kernel down. Sure, bzImage grows over time (not just because of new features, but typically new patches == more lines of code), but not significantly from release to release.

    Most "non-uber-geek" users don't care what's in their kernel, and if they did, they'd learn to compile it themselves. Compiling kernels has gotten easier over the years. Chances are, if you care enough about how your kernel is compiled, you'll have the skills needed to do it yourself.

    --

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  8. You joke, by StarKruzr · · Score: 5, Interesting

    but I wonder if we're ever going to see 2.8 at this rate. The current kernel revision is MILES away in technology from 2.6.0. What will it take to move to 2.8, or (dare I say it?) 3.0? What qualifies as a major enough change?

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    +++ATH0
    1. Re:You joke, by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

      I wonder if we're ever going to see 2.8 at this rate

      Linux 2.8 will compete with SunOS 6.0 as the best platform for running Duke Nukem Forever.
  9. Re:Does it still crash after 49.7 days?? by diegocgteleline.es · · Score: 4, Informative

    You're confusing Linux with this Windows 95/98. However, this problem or this another problem are even more funnier

  10. Re:Hotplug CPU support! by harrkev · · Score: 4, Funny

    Hotplug CPU support? That must burn
    Nope. Works great. Let me demonstrate...fsdjlksd+++
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  11. Re:Does it still crash after 49.7 days?? by Tom · · Score: 4, Interesting

    It doesn't and never did. However, the uptime clock wraps around after 497 days. Took me two hours of finding out why the box rebooted (and then why there was no indication of the reboot in the logs) one day to research that. That same box has since looped the clock a second time. So I can say for sure it stays up for more than 50 days. :-)

    --
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  12. Re:Does it still crash after 49.7 days?? by Cro+Magnon · · Score: 5, Funny

    497 day wrap around? You should switch to Windows. I'm sure no such problem has ever been reported on that OS.

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  13. eCryptfs public key by omnirealm · · Score: 4, Interesting

    The public key support for eCryptfs can handle more than just public keys. It includes a communication mechanism with a user daemon that can be queried from the kernel on file open events. There is a pluggable key module interface accessible through that daemon. OpenSSL is currently implemented, but there is nothing stopping anyone from writing a module to use GnuPG or any other key management/encryption backend, all in userspace. The module just needs to accept a key signature, and it can perform encryption and decryption based on whatever that signature refers to.

    In other news, eCryptfs has recently been given the go-ahead for inclusion into Fedora:

    https://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi? id=218556

    In the meantime, you can grab all the userspace stuff from the eCryptfs SourceForge site:

    http://ecryptfs.sourceforge.net/

    --
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  14. Re:Cool, but... by npsimons · · Score: 4, Insightful

    That's cool, but is this really news that's Slashdot-worthy? Sites like LWN and KernelTrap have already reported this, and anyone who's interested in Linux development is pretty much guaranteed to follow the former at least, I think (and most likely the latter as well).

    Considering that slashdot was (note the past tense) first and foremost a Linux/all things geeky site, I'd say this article is very slashdot-worthy. Not to mention that we get a fawning mac fan boy article every time Steve Jobs so much as farts. At least the Apple section can be turned off. Wish I could do the same with Microsoft and Windows articles.


  15. Re:Bloat? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

    2.6 and recent kernels in general are aimed at *modern computers*. Modern computers that have a *lot* more features and devices than ever before. There is absolutely no comparison to kernels back in the floppy days. If you're still using floppies you might as well be using an old kernel for whatever weathered machine you're talking about. And a microkernel's not going to reduce the overall amount of code, just push it around.

    Not to mention that people who are using Linux for embedded work can still rip out a ton of stuff. You can completely omit module support and all sorts of things that contribute to so-called "bloat." The kernel is still and always has been very flexible about compiling in features, and all the code's there to mess with...

    Small, fast, full of features; pick two. I think.