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U.S. Court Denies Webcasters' Stay Petition

Michael Manoochehri writes "Reuters reports that a "federal appeals court has denied a petition by U.S. Internet radio stations seeking to delay a royalty rate hike due July 15 they say could kill the fledgling industry." This royalty rate hike, put forth by the US Copyright Royalty Board, will increase royalty rates for webcast music tremendously, in some cases to more per year than many webcasters bring in from revenue. Save Net Radio, a coalition of webcasters, is telling listeners that "We are appealing to the millions of Internet radio listeners out there, the webcasters they support and the artists and labels we treasure to rise up and make your voices heard again before this vibrant medium is silenced.""

24 of 264 comments (clear)

  1. Killing the goose that lays the golden egg. by Agent+Green · · Score: 4, Interesting

    I don't think congress is going to fix this tomorrow ... so the RIAA should get what they deserve and lose all their royalties altogether.

    Fuck 'em. I expect everyone has had enough of their shit.

    It's just too bad that all the honest people in this new business are going to have to suffer for it.

    --
    // Agent Green (Ian / IU7 / KB1JQO)
    // IEEE 802.3: All 10base Are Belong To Us
    1. Re:Killing the goose that lays the golden egg. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Interesting

      I think this is a good thing. Please bear with me....

      Look, the goose is already cooked. Let's face it, the MAFIAA have all but completely destroyed the recording industry. I remember saying
      in a post on this site maybe 7 or 8 years ago that they would ultimately destroy the industry rather than give up control.
      Putting all the internet radio stations out of business is a scorched earth move, merely a spiteful parting gesture from a walking corpse.

      Let them do it.

      Let them use their sweaty, mean spirited little pencil pushing lawyers to take their ball and go home.

      Nothing short of this will precipitate the revolution that is needed in the media, and it starts with the smallest independent
      broadcasters.

      You think these businesses will roll over and disappear without a fight? No way, they will merely adapt to circumstance.
      The MAFIAA work by creating a false scarcity of content. In reality there is a glut of high quality Free content out there, millions
      of musicians and podcasters who have had a decade to become highly skilled content producers are just waiting for the death of Big Media so that their work can become valuable. The myth of "artists need to be paid" has been so completely destroyed only fools cling to it. Everybody knows (to quote Mr Cohen) how crooked the game is, that artists never get paid properly anyway, and that all the ones who have any merit produce because they
      want to and would do so even without an audience. Once the MAFIAA skulk off home to mommy taking their hyped manufactured rubbish with them there's gonna be an explosion of new talent, new voices, fresh political commentators and documentary, new celebrity.... It's ripe to happen, simple supply and demand. There is a vast reservoir of supply, and now the demand is about to kick in. I hope to God they pass this law, because it will be the death of the bastards. Once mainstream radio and TV get a sniff of how internet stations are surviving by bypassing corporate controlled material they will want a piece too. And thus the whole filthy mess begins to unwind....

    2. Re:Killing the goose that lays the golden egg. by onion_joe · · Score: 5, Interesting
      I get an inappropriate sense of glee when I tell clients that they can't do this or that or they have to spend x^2 dollars to make something obvious happen because of DRM issues.

      eg.: Windows Media Center will not stream from a server to a client laptop. You can buy an xbox and a "media extender" but that removes any mobile functionality (unless you want to lug a DC->AC inverter and battery pack with you, or appropriate DC mobile power supply.)

      So what am I doing now? Setting up a test box with MythTV.

      I think the inappropriate feelings stem from watching non-standard and poorly implemented DRM wreaking havoc on MS/RIAA/MPAA customer loyalty.

      A previous post mentioned, "shooting oneself in the foot." Fine by me. I sell OSS every chance I get. It's only us hard-core gamers that need MS [for the time being.]

      -OJ

      --
      sig sig sig siggy sig
    3. Re:Killing the goose that lays the golden egg. by quag7 · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Yeah well, every third person I meet claims that they're a "musician." So some slackers might have to get actual jobs and actually work for a living. I do not care. I look forward to the day Avril Lavigne takes my order for a cheeseburger. Musicians and artists tend to have an extremely high self-opinion in terms of what they think they contribute to "culture." John Coltrane contributed to culture. The world would not be significantly different, however, if the last ten years in top 40 music had never happened.

      Where's the rock style life for the people who build bridges and clean up bathrooms? Where's the rock star life for teachers who contribute something directly measurable to our civilization? Where's the free booze and blowjobs for activists, community organizers, and people manning the soup kitchens tonight?

      And for that matter, where's the rock star life for the countless musicians in less lucrative genres like jazz or folk music? Some of the most mindblowing music I've ever heard was hardcore jazz played furiously with wild abandon on snowy nights in hole-in-the-wall bars in towns and cities you haven't heard of by amateurs who had no chance in hell of ever making a living at it even in an ideal intellectual property/copyright environment.

      What this all may portend is the end of the corporate-generated rock star and frankly, I couldn't welcome it more.

      I have no solution to the problem of stolen demos and studio tapes; that's just wrong. But if that problem can somehow be addressed - possibly by home studios - artists should record albums and then set a bounty and collect money for it online, bypassing record labels completely. When the predetermined threshold is reached, the album gets released on the internet, with the expectation that from then on it becomes a promotional tool for the next album or tour, because there is simply no way you can stop music piracy. The question of "what to do about piracy" is moot. You set a bounty - say, a million dollars. When enough contributions come in to total a million dollars, the album is published on the web, free for anyone to download. In theory, all of the money would go to the artists, minus IT/financial fees.

      This plan is interesting to me because what it means is, Bob Dylan fans (for example) pay money to the bounty fund for Bob's next album. When that album is released, it is then, for all practical purposes, free. This allows fans and advocates to contribute money to what they like, and it acts as a sort of gift to the rest of the world to spread the music they like. Beyond this, the suits are cut out of the equation, as they should be, because with the internet, all of the supposed value they add (promotion and distribution) has diminished significantly. If music were free, it would be promoted by blogs and file sharing services.

      But then music would have to rely on its own merit, rather than street teams and tastemakers telling the dumbest of us what we like.

      By setting a bounty, we ensure the artist gets paid. 50 years from now, there is no question whether a music file being passed around on the internet from today was "stolen." Its very existence would indicate that a bounty was met.

      For visual entertainment that is not exhibited in theaters (which is an experience that piracy cannot easily duplicate), a similar model could be used.

      I'm sure this scheme has problems but the old way of doing things, where you go to the store and you buy something but don't own it - itself a weird concept, really - is simply irrelevant now. The question is not what to do about piracy; the question is how to incorporate the reality of the free flow of data in a global, electronically connected world, with the need to make a living.

      The old saw about how the internet interprets censorship as damage and routes around it applies and can be extended here:

      The internet interprets copyrights and patents as damage, and routes around it.

      The world has changed. Whether this ticks people off or not is increasingly irrelevant, and no - I don't have to be a professional musician myself to make this statement. You don't need a weatherman to know which way the wind blows.

  2. Re:What, you're shocked? by popo · · Score: 5, Interesting

    "Whoever has deeper pockets wins."
    --------

    Not true. (Let's call your argument the "neo con" argument.)

    The people who actually win are the people who can't be controlled.

    (We'll call that the "Iraqi" argument.)

    Internet Radio will morph into P2P streaming and offshore stations. It's not going anywhere.

    The only thing that's going away is the last hopes the record labels had to profit from it.

    Foot, meet bullet. Information wants to be free.

    --
    ------ The best brain training is now totally free : )
  3. Pussies by msimm · · Score: 2, Interesting

    The begging is pathetic. You don't try to worm your way into getting a broken system to work. You fucking bypass it. If they aren't ready to do that but would rather beg their audience fuck them.

    What needs to be done is putting that whining commitment (and the money they are frittering away) into something that supports the cause as they see it. Namely an alternative for licensing that promotes reasonable use (as seen by both the artist/label and radio/streamer/etc). If they aren't willing to do that then let them hurt until they see it more clearly. The RIAA and the US Copyright Royalty Board are both well funded and motivated by *their own interests*. Not the label. Not the artist. And you want to crawl in bed with them? !!!

    Sorry if I'm ranting but this is just so fucking stupid.

    FTR, I AM a internet broadcaster. I try to work closely with the artist because A) I support small artists which tend to be interested that you're interested B) I can't afford the royalty schemes, I can't afford the management of the license. I have a day job that lets me afford the whole project in the first place. Fact: 99% of artists want 1) to protect their property (fair enough) 2) to be heard (guess what they love? that right what they do).

    Personally I think this is the best thing to happen in a long time. Let the poor morons sink. Lose millions of dollars or whatever else they fear will happen. Maybe a few with some cash (like they money they've wasted fight this..) will wise the fuck up and setup means for artists/labels to provide limited rights to broadcasters. This should have been done ages ago. Take back control.

    --
    Quack, quack.
  4. How to get Congre$$' attention by BillGatesLoveChild · · Score: 3, Interesting

    > There's a few, shall we say... urgent matters that need to be holding their attention right now.

    Let's see.

    Senate's recent accomplishments:
      * Voted not to Vote on the Immigration Reform Bill
      * Voted not to Vote on firing Alberto "I don't recall" Gonzales

    Congress' recent accomplishments:
      * Passed another 'Get out of Iraq' Bill that the President has already said he'll veto.

    No, they've got time to do this. Congress may have received half a million messages. I'd suggest the Webcasters get their audience to donate to a fund that will in turn donate to these politicians who accepted money from the RIAA. It would make the point beautifully. http://consumerist.com/consumer/worst-company-in-a merica/contact-information-for-50-politicians-who- take-campaign-money-from-the-riaa-264638.php

  5. American Culture by kawabago · · Score: 2, Interesting

    As we watch corporate america slowly suffocate american culture, what will history call these days? The day the music died?

  6. Re:Sound exchange says they won't enforce it by rizzo320 · · Score: 3, Interesting

    This makes me believe that Congress is serious about (and the RIAA is reacting to) ratifying the Internet Radio Equality Act. Otherwise, there is no way SoundExchange would consider this change of heart. Perhaps they underestimated the amount of lobbying from actual constituents regarding the issue.

    NPR and the CPB, though considered non-commercial broadcasters, were still required to pay the same fees as commercial webcasters. They decided co-operatively to only pay part of the fees due, until the whole matter was straightened out. In regards to this, a poster to the College Broadcaster's mailing list stated "...so cpb is paying for all of its stations base fees? a government funded corporation is paying the fee set by another government board and enforced by a government recognized distributor of said fees? I think the framers of the US had a different idea of the future in mind."... I couldn't have said it any better myself. I think everyone (even out-of-tech-loop representatives and senators) is figuring out the royalty scheme makes no sense, and needs to be fixed.

  7. That is the funny part by WindBourne · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Politicians have NOT killed the golden goose. They have made it safe for large business and only for them. Look, the last time this came up, I suggested that these stations play groups that are not associated with the RIAA. Apparently, the RIAA gets to collect it wether the group is signed up or not. Amazingly, the group gets to KEEP that money until the music group signs up with them. And they do not have to pay interest. That means that congress has given RIAA a monopoly. In addition, they have eliminated the competition for the broadcasters, by pricing it too much for the little guy to pay. But where are you going to go? Streams from another nation? W. is running around trying to kill them all off.

    The only way that I can see this happening is if the muscian's OWN the stream site that plays them. Imagine a site that is devoted to the 90's, might get 10 groups (from the 90's) to BUY into them. 1 share each. They pay the musicians the old rate. As time progresses, they would get more groups to buy into them. I think that it is possible that the company could even allow other groups to own them or perhaps buy into them. Just 1 share. I think that is all it would take. Any lawyers out there? Tear this apart.

    --
    I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
  8. Re:What, you're overseas? by PMBjornerud · · Score: 5, Interesting

    As for the first, I don't think P2P was made for the kind of streaming that stations do. However, it would be extremely useful to have a local "cache" of the last 50 songs played on radio. Really liked that previous song? Just drag it into your portable music player and go. That tune they played 30 minutes ago stuck in your mind? Just click and play it again.

    Such a cache would obviously be illegal. But convenient for the users, and it would mean that most listeners on any channel/playlist/tag would have a large selection of the typical songs. There is some synergy, so I would not discard the possibility of someone coming up with a clever protocol for doing something like this.

    Hm... Such a program would actually download and share music without you telling it which songs to download. Nasty.
    --
    I lost my sig.
  9. Ok I see both sides of this one by Cranst0n · · Score: 3, Interesting

    First did anyone even watch the Congressional hearin on this matter? Its up on you tube to see what what stated. Second has anyone even looked at Sound Exchanges website? They have offered for any webcaster making under 1.2 Million a year to cap the rates for small webcasters http://www.soundexchange.com/documents/07_06_29%20 Fee%20Cap%20June%2029%20release%20FINAL%20_2_.pdf They are trying to hit the Big webcasters (Yahoo, AOL etc) with this rate increase and are trying to work with the smaller ones and Public Radio. Do I agree with any of the increase, not really, but in the same respect, I can understand why they want to do it. I would much rather see them use the 7.5% of revenues like they do with satellite. Add on that any webcaster can make individual agreements with any label/artist that will allow then to play their songs without touching Sound Exchange. Why are the smaller artists who don't want internet radio to be shut down going to the big stations at least if not the smaller ones and promoting this fact? The one sided look at it all really make me disappointed in a community that has a lot of intelligent people on it. *puts on flame retardant underwear* Go head, flame away, Oh and yes I do DJ for an internet Radio Station that is extremely small (average of about 35 listeners) So I have been watching all of this very closely.

    --
    Just realise the reality of the situation..... There is no reality.
  10. Re:What, you're shocked? by Gerzel · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Not true.

    The corporate music industry does win because it has deeper pockets. In this way they kill off most all of the legal independent broadcasters. Yes the ones that don't care about laws and legality will keep right on going, but I know a couple of collage radio stations that I listen to which stream over the internet whose streams will die when this goes through.

    This kills off the mid to low level broadcaster from streaming over the internet. And while yes there are ways around it that are undetectable, it shouldn't be illegal or have to be hidden in the first place!

    These are companies, private organizations working solely for their own profit, who are buying the law. It stinks, and simply being apathetic woln't get you anywhere.

  11. Trainwreck by firesyde424 · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Just like the crackdown on mix tapes, I fail to see the reasoning behind something like this. Internet radio is good for the music industry. It helps to promote current artists as well as new artists. Internet radio is nothing more then a technological extension of regular AM/FM radio. Are copyright owners entitled to payment for those copyrights? Of course. However, if the music industry exists, like most businesses, to make money, then why set the price that, according to webcasters, will destroy their industry? Somewhere in here, there is a straight truth. Did they not do research to determine what the average webcast station makes a year in revenue? Is the internet radio industry exaggerating? I tend to side with the webcasters on this one though. This is not the first time things like this have been reported. I remember a previous article on slashdot about two days ago that told a story about a bar owner who was told he needed to pay a royalty fee because the monday night football song was being played on a bar owned TV right before...monday night football. Rather then pay the fee, the owner simply mutes the volume ever monday night when the song plays, and unmutes it when the game starts. As time goes on, we as consumers have less and less freedom when it comes to our entertainment. DRM is in almost everything now, from CD's to video games, even Tivo. So much thought has been put into anti-piracy protection, has anyone thought about what consumers really want? TBH, piracy is not what is killing music sales, the music industry is what is killing music sales. To get a legal piece of music that I want to hear, I have only a few options. Pay $14 for a CD that might have 3 or 4 songs out of 12 that I like and will listen to. Or I can go online and download an MP3. Easy as pie? Sure, unless.. you are using iTunes, then, you will also need an iPod or an Apple approved cell phone. Unless, you are using napster, then you will need a napster approved phone or mp3 player. Unless, you are using p2p or allofmp3.com, in which case you risk being sued by the RIAA. Unless, I buy a DRM free mp3 from iTunes, which costs 30 cents more and has my account information and email address embedded inside of it. Can I just get an MP3 that I can play on my computer, in my car, or on my stereo with no DRM, no hidden information, no rootkits, and no extra hardware? Just an MP3, that I can play anywhere, anytime I want. Is that too much to ask?

  12. Re:I don't think I even care about this... by Abcd1234 · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Simple answer, the Copyright Royalty Board gave SoundExchange a legal monopoly which prevents it, so I understand. The broadcasters, in order to avoid paying standard royalties to SoundExchange for some unsigned indie band or artist, must obtain an individual license from each band or artist.

    Umm... you *do* realize that your second statement kinda contradicts your first, right? As you say yourself, nothing "prevents" a broadcaster from securing rights with a copyright holder. Yeah, it can be costly and time consuming, but it certainly can be done. And if SoundExchange comes after a broadcaster, just wave the license in their face... they have no legal authority to prosecute (that's up to the copyright holder, who's already agreed to a license), so I fail to see the risk, there.

    As such, I'm not at all convinced that the independant artists couldn't form their own NPO to act as a licensing clearinghouse. The problem is it costs money, both in initial startup and long-term administration, and independant artists are, by definition, not what I would call rich.

    If the artist and broadcaster doesn't file (hmm..filing fees?) a license, the broadcaster must pay standard royalty to SoundExchange, and the artist or band may collect it, *if* they pay a fee and join SoundExchange.

    Umm, no... membership to SoundExchange is free and open to all **sound recording copyright owners (SRCOs) and featured recording artists." Honestly, where the hell is this misinformation coming from? I keep seeing it parotted over and over, but the truth lies a mere Google search away. Are people just that fucking lazy?

  13. Re:What, you're overseas? by g-san · · Score: 3, Interesting

    > Such a cache would obviously be illegal.

    I don't think this is any different than my set top box recording the last two hours of whatever is on TV. It's called time-shifting, and it is fair use and protected AFAIK. Two hours, four hours, 80 hours, it's just a function of how much storage you want to throw at it. This article is really about who gave you that material in the first place, not your right to cache it or time shift it.

    Stupid thing is I specifically listen to net radio because all the licensed stuff on the radio rather sucks. By eliminating the hyped big label garbage, they are improving my listening experience.

  14. Actually, terrestrial radio may be next... by Abcd1234 · · Score: 5, Interesting
    Actually, what's really interesting about this whole situation is that, from what I understand, they plan to go after terrestrial radio next. To quote:

    Where webcasters and the recording industry do agree is on the unfairness of making tiny Web stations pay for performance rights while huge radio companies pay nothing. Congress decided that Web stations must pay royalties to the composers of each song and to the performers and record labels, even as traditional AM and FM broadcasters continue paying only the composers -- a quirk in the law that gives broadcast radio a huge advantage.

    Simson agrees that "there's really no justification for broadcast radio not paying, and we're going to try to address that."


    Yeah... they really are that crazy.
  15. They're doing this to kill independent bands by i_b_don · · Score: 4, Interesting

    So you have to ask the question "why?"

    Soundexchange and the RIAA both know that this will kill off 99% of net radio, so why are they doing it? IMHO the reason is that they want to keep independent bands in check. if indies had a good place to be heard and become known without going through their slimy hands then that's scary thing for them. If you can limit the amount of stations that play music then you can limit everyone's choices to a few classically popular bands that are already signed to the big labels.

    That's the same behavior you get from radio broadcasting now a days. Time is valuable and so you can only play the bands that are "popular". if you can't aim at a niche audience then you have to be broad and boring. I'm sure the through of democratizing our listening habits scares the crap out of the big labels. This is just a means of using ancient laws to prop up the current paradigm that much longer.

    d

    --
    all language nazi's will burne in heil!
  16. Amen! by Weezul · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Yes, this will only have two effects:
    short term : it'll improve the quality of internet radio by cutting out the Americans
    long term : it'll force the technology to develop better & extra-legally

    Future internet radio station will only broadcast mixing instructions & torrent files. Your player will download & cache upcomming music on your system. Of course this cache may be gigabytes in size. And you'll easily replay & save previous songs. You might even automatte the saving of old songs, i.e. save any song I skip. In fact you won't even need to change the channel to avoid bad soungs, you'll just sip into the future, the DJ can always put out more music than time allows. And this new technology will reduce the cost to radio operators.

    Also any technology prefering synchronous to asynchronous bandwidth is better for the internet.

    --
    The Christian religion has been and still is the principal enemy of moral progress in the world. -- Bertrand Russell
  17. Re:ISPs traffic shaping will kill streaming media by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

    And because ISPs got into a price war (started by cable companies pricing below cost) so
    that prices are well below what backbone bandwidth costs, we have attractive but unsustainable
    retail prices. As long as statistical averaging had low demand users subsidizing high demand
    ones, things could be managed. If continuous streaming comes to dominate (either direct from
    server, or P2P like Joost), that model breaks. Then, additionally, as "irrational" competitors get driven from the market by the telecom oligopoly, telecoms will make up the cost somewhere:
    either with higher subscription prices or content provider charges (assuming no miracle that
    preserves net neutrality). IMHO.

  18. Re:The RIAA dosen't care about the money. by wytcld · · Score: 4, Interesting

    when record-making equipment was expensive, they used that

    Not the case. Back in the early days record-making equipment was quite cheap. There were myriad small, local labels across the country, tied to local music scenes. This continued through the mid-50s, when the business started to consolidate due to better national promotion and distribution of former local stars like Elvis Presley, including payola to the formerly-locally-oriented radio stations to induce them to favor the nationally-marketed stars. Radio in the early era had been based largely on live broadcasts, since the fidelity was better (and live music has other virtues), out of the major cities and big regional stations (shows like the King Biscuit Flour Hour down in the Delta).

    As recording studio technology developed from the late 50s onward, studio time became expensive, leading to the current system where artists get signed to labels which then lend them money for their time in the studio to record. It usually turns out that the seemingly generous offers get totally absorbed by studio costs, and the musicians get nothing. That's not too different from back in the early days, when musicians got a small fee per song recorded, and nothing at all no matter how many records sold. Musicians made most all their money from live performance - just like today.

    What the record industry is trying to control here is the ability of small, independent musicians to gain any audience at all - the kind of musicians the commercial radio stations and even satellite radio will never play. They're trying to assure that real art doesn't distract from their marketing of sex and violence dressed up as music. Any politician concerned with the state of our mass culture should recognize that the degeneracy is largely a corporate product. So anything that decreases the power of these corporations by allowing more real art to flourish in spaces they can't control is key to restoring health to popular (and less-popular) culture.

    Politicians - bewailing the media while furthering its monopoly. In terms of the longer-term success of our nation, this is worse than Iraq - indeed without this, Iraq could never have been sold.
    --
    "with their freedom lost all virtue lose" - Milton
  19. Re:What, you're shocked? by BVis · · Score: 3, Interesting

    There's a difference between "being cheap" and "not wanting to be ripped off." Let's use a metaphor:

    Let's say the RIAA has decided that we've all been paying too little for our music on CD. (Oh, excuse me, THEIR music that they've decided to let us listen to.) They pay off enough lawmakers to get some sort of subsidy on the CDs that suddenly makes them $100 a pop, retroactively. Then they start suing people who own legitimately purchased CDs, as they haven't paid enough for them.

    Another: The MPAA decides that the movie theater chains haven't been paying enough for the right to show the films they control. They hike the rates to the point where the chains would have to charge $50 a ticket to stay afloat. Nobody's going to stand for that, so the chains go out of business. (This example is considerably more suicidal than what's happening to net radio, but otherwise, it fits.)

    The RIAA hates what it can't control. It hates P2P (despite all the free promotion), barely tolerates iTunes (even though they've made hundreds of millions of dollars from ITMS sales), and has even sought to stop public libraries from lending out music (communists!) This move isn't about revenue, it's about killing net radio. The RIAA knows that it's impractical (if not outright impossible) to strongarm every net radio station out there like they do with terrestrial or satellite radio, so they destroy what they can't control.

    --
    Never underestimate the power of stupid people in large groups.
  20. Re:What, you're overseas? by sricetx · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Yeah, it would be great to have something like a local cache of what has been played on the internet radio stream you are listening to.

    You could set something up like this using Streamripper using the -r relay server option and a cron job that runs a shell script to delete saved music files older than a certain amount of time.

    Ideally, it would be nice to have a little graphical application to flag the songs you like so you could save them. Maybe it could write out a list of files to save and then those could be excluded when the delete script runs or something.

    Hmm...I might need to play around with this. A little QTPython app, a shell script, and a cron job should be easy to set up.

  21. Re:ISPs traffic shaping will kill streaming media by Reziac · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Just for reference, in SoCal in 1982, the price of overhead lines was $16/foot, but buried cable was $40/foot. It's probably 3 times that now.

    Plus there's a quirk of CA tax law that impacts it (per what the Edison and Verizon guys have told me):

    Overhead lines are taxable. Buried cable is not.

    But the "beautification" laws forbid new overhead lines, cuz they're "ugly".

    And the cities/counties don't want to issue permits for anything new that they can't tax. So they won't issue permits for buried cable.

    So the only way to get new lines of any sort is to pay enough bri^H^H^H campaign contributions to the right pockets to get your buried cable permits.

    --
    ~REZ~ #43301. Who'd fake being me anyway?