MIT Startup Unveils New 64-Core CPU

single-threaded writes "Tilera, a startup out of MIT, has announced that it is shipping a 64-core CPU. Called the TILE64, the CPU is fabbed on a 90nm process and is clocked at anywhere from 600MHz to 900MHz. 'What will make or break Tilera is not how many peak theoretical operations per second it's capable of (Tilera claims 192 billion 32-bit ops/sec), nor how energy-efficient its mesh network is, but how easy it is for programmers to extract performance from the device. That's the critical piece of TILE64's launch story that's missing right now, and it's what I'll keep an eye out for as I watch this product make its way in the market. Though there are any number of questions about this product that remain to be answered, one thing is for certain: TILE64 has indeed brought us into the era of 64 general-purpose, mesh-networked processor cores on a single chip, and that's a major milestone.'"

Comments

Oblig...

[Bentov]

No one will ever need more than 64 cores.

Re:Oblig...

[Ninjaesque One]

When the number of cores equals the hertz, then the number should stop doubling.

Instruction Set

[Lally Singh]

FTA: It's a "MIPS-like ISA with a few important and peculiar features"

I'll be interested to see what they're going to do about making it easier to program. Wire delay's going to be exposed as hops on the on-chip network. IMHO, the toolchain side's far more interesting to me than shoving a bunch of cores together on an on-die network....

Assuming they did anything interesting on the toolchain side.

Re:Instruction Set

[dfedfe]

FWIW:

""If you have an application written for any multi-core or single processor architecture that's written to work with Linux, you can take it, compile it and have it running on our chip in minutes," he said. "Now, if you want to ratchet up the performance, we provide libraries and interface mechanisms that customers can use to tune code."" from here

Re:Instruction Set

[Mex]

""I'm due to talk to the head of Tilera's software team, which is actually larger than the company's hardware team.""

He must be a really fat guy!

Correct! 6000 cores

[Dachannien]

Fry: If only they'd built it with 6001 cores! When will they ever learn!

I Did RTFM, and there's key info missing

[Nova Express]

Key information missing from the article:

1. Die size: How big is it?
   
2. How many watts of power does it consume?
   
3. What is the heat dissipation?
   
4. What is the floating point performance?
   

Without those bits of information, it's impossible to guage exactly who might night this chip, and how successful it might be.

Re:I Did RTFM, and there's key info missing

[trolltalk.com]

The watts isn't missing:

TFA says its between 175 and 300 milliwatts per core - do the math. 12 to 19 watts. They're targetting the embedded market (and with those low power consumption figures, I think a super laptop would be a no-brainer).

Rumored...

[SeanMon]

It's rumored to be able to run 16 whole instances of Vista simultaneously!*

*Required 32 GB of RAM not included.

Tequila128

[crea5e]

In related news, Boston College has also released a processor of their own.

The Tequila128. Free copy of virtual beer pong included.

But does it...

[niceone]

well, yes it does run Linux - full SMP 2.6 according to the blurb on their site.

Re:But does it...

[Eponymous Bastard]

One thing the blurb doesn't make clear is that this is not a workstation CPU. It's designed for embedded systems and system on a chip applications. They mention video compression as an example.

If you look at their block diagram this looks more like an FPGA-on-drugs than a CPU.

The individual blocks are probably programmed with GCC, since it should be trivial to port it to a MIPS-like architecture. I wonder if the interconnect uses a VHDL type language or if they rely on their weird cache to build efficient shared memory.

Either way, it looks like you have to keep in mind the architecture while designing your software. I doubt they can build a compiler that can manage the division of labor.

Unlike a typical multicore design you wouldn't use this to parallelize a multithreaded application or a multiprocess workload. The center processors will have a very different latency characteristic than the edge ones, and you want the parts that interact with the network to be on the points adjacent to the controllers, for example.

So it should work great for an especially designed system, but not so great as a general purpose CPU

This was my companys idea in 2001

[John Sokol]

It's was called Enumera www.enumera.com

I started to work with Chuck Moore, the author of the FORTH Language on a 7X7 array of very fast small processors.

From at talk I did, February 16, 2001
From http://www.dnull.com/~sokol/amorp/emtalk.ppt

On this size Chip a 7x7 array (49 CPU's) with ram could be
build. Co-processors could also be added.
Each CPU's would be operating at 2400 MIPS x 49 for a total of 117 Billion operations per second.
The power consumption would be 1 watt 1.8 Volts a 500 mA.
With this level of computing power new applications that were unthinkable before, now become possible. Also mention earlier on Slashdot:
http://developers.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=138 584&threshold=0&commentsort=0&mode=thread&cid=1160 0799

And earlier here:
http://www.colorforth.com/ 25x Multicomputer Chip

This eventually became IntellaSys after Enumera failed.

IntellaSys CTO Chuck Moore to Present at In-Stat Spring Processor Forum; Scalable Embedded Array Platform for Implementing Asynchronous, Scalable Multicore Solutions Using Elegant VentureForth Programming to Be Discussed in Detail http://www.intellasys.net/products/24c18/SEAforth- 24A-3.pdf
http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0EIN/is _2005_Oct_24/ai_n15730157
http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0EIN/is _2006_May_1/ai_n16135032

Also for older info see:
Specifically look at the P21 / I21/ F21 chips...

http://www.enumera.com/chip/
http://www.ultratechnology.com/ml0.htm
http://www.ultratechnology.com/f21.html#f21
http://www.ultratechnology.com/store.htm#stamp
http://www.ultratechnology.com/cowboys.html#cm

Re:This was my companys idea in 2001

[John Sokol]

Parallel processors on a single die (chip) is very different from Thinking Machines & beowulf clusters.

Up till now there were only 2 types of Parallel processing.

1.) loosely coupled. Thinking Machines & beowulf clusters for example are using this, these are interconnected with Ethernet or some other Network medium and send messages back and forth.

2.) Tightly coupled, this is SMP, NUMA, SNOOPY, basically shared memory system where each processor shares the same global memory space.

Each requires very different programming strategies and are limited to certain types of problems.

There is also a third form that is lesser know. This systolic arrays. An example of this is TimeLogic, and many DOD type projects.
This is usually done with a bunch of FPGA's and the math computations are done as a series of hardware pipelines without any CPU.

With the parallel core processor it's possible to make it like an SMP (share memory) type system, but you really get hammer with the memory bottleneck so after about 4 CPU's you don't really gain much.

What I had proposed with doing systolic array type of processing but with Simple but fast CPU's on one chip.
They would be connected with CPU registers that would pass data directly from one CPU to the next.
It's design would allow super tight coupling between each processor, so a programming problem wouldn't need to process a buffer at a time but could tackle problems that can't normally be broken up into parallel operations. For example a bignum math operation like multiplying 2 number that are 1024 bits long. Or large FFT, fast DVT, or matrix operations where each cpu could process part of a single operation that must be done serially, and can not be done using traditional parallel processing.

Specifically my interest was in video compression and image processing in real time. This is where DCT, motion vector searches Huffman coding and other operations that don't parallelize well would really get a boost using this type of processor.