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False Ad Clicks Cost Google 1 Billion Dollars A Year

Meshach writes "There is an interesting story at CBC which claims that Google loses one billion dollars per year to fraudulent ad clicks. The article contains an interesting description how how the company determines if a click is false. 'The company explained that it determines which clicks are invalid through a three-stage system. Most of the illegitimate clicks are automatically detected analyzed and filtered out in the first stage ... The second part uses automatic and manual analysis of the AdSense network to weed out false clicks before they are logged to an advertiser's account.'"

44 of 233 comments (clear)

  1. Ledgerlines by suso · · Score: 2, Interesting

    See, it all works out because they make it up from the interest on the money that they don't have to pay out to adwords accounts that aren't over $100. Kinda like how a bank makes money.

    Actually there was some other article I read recently about how much Google probably makes off of that, but I can't find it now.

    1. Re:Ledgerlines by moderatorrater · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Assuming that each account has $99.99, and that Google can get a 10% interest rate with that money (they may have to pay out on it, after all, so they've got to keep it close to liquid), it would require 100 million such accounts. Somehow, I'm doubting that they make that much off of it.

    2. Re:Ledgerlines by Professor_UNIX · · Score: 2, Funny

      it would require 100 million such accounts. Somehow, I'm doubting that they make that much off of it.
      Did you see Office Space or Superman 3? Yeah, it's like that. They take all the fractions of a cent and keep it for themselves.
    3. Re:Ledgerlines by ajs · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I'm often confused by why people think that there's some mystery cash floating around in Google's (or any other online advertiser's) pocket. There's an obvious need, when payments are tiny, to limit the frequency of transactions so that aggregation can happen. However, it's not like your Google AdSense account is a money market account with cash sitting in it, gathering interest. Google simply has a line-item in their budget for payables that cannot be issued yet because the transaction fees on cutting someone a check for $0.03 cost them more than the payment itself.

    4. Re:Ledgerlines by Rolgar · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Banks only have to keep 10-12% of the funds available for withdrawal. The rest is invested/loaned out to make money.

    5. Re:Ledgerlines by DrSkwid · · Score: 3, Insightful

      People probably have that idea because every $0.01 of every click in your unpaid Adsense account was paid for, up front, by the advertisers, with real money.

      --
      There are places where the networks are not touching,and there are places where they are-Boeing's Lori Gunter
    6. Re:Ledgerlines by micheas · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Yes, it's called Google's profit. Why that should be of interest to anyone else, including their advertising customers, is not obvious.


      Well, if you are depending on your advertising distributor for your business, you would want your advertising distributor to be profitable, so that they don't disappear into bankruptcy.

      A profitable business is one that you might be able to sue and get money out of. If they are not profitable, and they steal your money, you may have no recourse as the money may not be there to recover.

      Hope that clears up why someone might care if the people they are doing business with are profitable or not.

      Personally I am not concerned if the bike shop I patronize is profitable, however if I made my living with bikes, (racing, courier service, etc.) I would care about the profitability of the bike shop I did business with.

      Hope that makes sense.
    7. Re:Ledgerlines by tompaulco · · Score: 3, Informative

      Hmm, well, they seem to not want to pay me until I have $100 balance in adsense, but they are perfectly happy to bill me every month when I owe them $6.03 for adwords.

      --
      If you are not allowed to question your government then the government has answered your question.
    8. Re:Ledgerlines by Hal_Porter · · Score: 3, Funny

      No, no. Everyone knows that profitable businesses only make money by exploitation of the proletariat. In a true socialist society like North Korea there'd be no advertising, businesses, internet or food and thus no exploitation.

      --
      echo -e 'global _start\n _start:\n mov eax, 2\n int 80h\n jmp _start' > a.asm; nasm a.asm -f elf; ld a.o -o a;
    9. Re:Ledgerlines by toleraen · · Score: 2, Funny

      No, that's the jar. I'm talking about the tray, the pennies for google!

    10. Re:Ledgerlines by encoderer · · Score: 2, Interesting

      "Somehow, I'm doubting that they make that much off of it."

      Well, "that much" is subjective, wouldn't you say?

      Your point is that for GOOG to make ONE BILLION a year, they'd have to have 100MM accounts with $99.99 in them.

      Not at all likely, for obvious reasons.

      However, wouldn't you think that, oh, ONE HUNDRED MILLION would surpass "not that much"?

      If so, they'd only need 20MM users with an average of $50 in the account.

      That's still not all that likely, but it's certainly doable. And we're talking $275,000 a day in revenue (well, cap gains to be specific) for absolutely NOTHING in return.

      And I don't get your point about needing to keep the amount "close to liquid." Do you think they create a special little box for each users money and when it hits $100 they take the money out of the box and send it out? That's just silly. Much like a bank, they'd keep, MAYBE, 10% of the cash in liquid assets. But really, I don't see why they'd need ANY of it liquid. When a check is written, it can come out of their "general fund." Just because it's coded into the AdSense GL account doesn't mean it would have to come out of a segregated bank account.

  2. Upside down logic by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    It's more like $1B dollars in fraud is not passed on to the advertiser. Many billions more probably are. Google isn't losing a thing.

    1. Re:Upside down logic by Original+Replica · · Score: 3, Funny

      Yeah, I don't think Google is hurting for $$$ right now. One share is $535.27. http://www.googlestockquote.com/ I don't think they are actually hemoraging a billion a year, it's more like they are wishing all of those clicks were valid so they would have a billion more in profit. Well in that case, I lost $250,000,000 last week because of a faulty QuickPick in the Lotto.

      --
      We are all just people.
    2. Re:Upside down logic by vrtladept · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Exactly.

      Honestly I don't understand how they "loose" 1 Billion in ad revenue due to fraudulent clicks. In fact they don't loose anything. If the clicks were a fraud, then they weren't earned. This is the same kind of funny logic that is used to say that piracy costs billions. There some weird assumption that if this fraud click didn't happen that a legitimate click would happen. In a world with no scarcity ("selling" a click does not prevent selling another click). There is no loss due to clicks that shouldn't count.

    3. Re:Upside down logic by timeOday · · Score: 4, Insightful
      For google, click fraud is a quality control issue. It dissuades potential advertisers from paying google for clicks because they don't know how many of those clicks are worthless.

      Saying click fraud costs google nothing is like saying bad transmissions cost Ford nothing because the customer eats it. People aren't stupid, so pretty soon things that decrease the utility of the product also hurt the market for the product.

  3. Bad math, bad logic. by JoelKatz · · Score: 5, Insightful

    The logic behind this story is bogus. The $1 billion in money that these fraudulent clicks cost Google doesn't exist. If not for the bogus clicks, these clicks wouldn't exist.

    It's like a software company claiming that false orders cost them $10 billion dollars last year because they received an bogus order for 100,000,000 copies of a $100 product. Had they not received the bogus order, they would not be $10 billion richer.

    Duh.

    1. Re:Bad math, bad logic. by daeg · · Score: 2, Informative

      Google could charge for the clicks. Then they'd make that $1 billion back.

      However, they'd also stand to lose a lot of customers. Our AdWords bill is high enough for a small company, paying extra hundreds or thousands a year for fraudulent, worthless clicks would scare me the hell away from AdWords.

      Much of AdWords' value to Google is in keeping a high number of subscribers to keep the bid prices up relatively high on popular keywords. Losing popular subscribers could send prices down, costing them even more money than from losing an individual customer.

    2. Re:Bad math, bad logic. by bcc123 · · Score: 3, Interesting

      ROFL. I don't see why the point of the article is so hard to grasp, but here is the explanation of the logic:

      Google discards those clicks voluntarily. If they hadn't, they could be charging the advertisers for each such click, and would be making more money.

      The logic is not bogus.

    3. Re:Bad math, bad logic. by p0tat03 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      A cost-effective system might not be able to detect them, but there are ways to get a good idea about where this number may lie. 100% human-powered filtering of random clicksets? That would catch almost all fraudulent clicks, but be horrifyingly expensive to implement across the board, but by comparing results from a random human test to the machine system you can get some idea of how many you miss in the automated method.

      This is also how we figure out QA numbers in manufacturing - not every bad device that goes out will be reported for warranty or otherwise exposed, so there are alternate ways to derive a good quality index out of mfg'ed goods.

    4. Re:Bad math, bad logic. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

      The $1 billion does exist. Remember the order didn't come from the people clicking (who have no money) but from the advertizers (who do). But it's not fradulent clicks that cost google the money, it's their own identification of these fraudulent clicks. The statement by google is accurate:

      "every percentage point of invalid clicks we throw out represents over $100 million [US per] year in potential revenue foregone,"

      It is "potential revenue" because if they hadn't done the analysis, they could have charged advertizers an extra $1+ billion dollars. The + is for whatever extra money went to the website owners (zero if they weren't paid for the false clicks, + if they were). By detecting the false clicks, google quite directly makes less revenue than if they didn't detect the false clicks. Of course the problem is that advertizers won't renew the contract if google advertizing is ineffective, or if they feel cheated. So Google is saying "we could have made $1 billion more dollars, but we are good and threw out the bad clicks instead".

      The interpretation by the writer is bogus as you say. The false clicks themselves only cost google extra work money, and whatever their reliable image is worth.

    5. Re:Bad math, bad logic. by karmatic · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Actually, paid out, or not, makes no difference. Either way, it doesn't cost Google anything.

      Let's take a look - clicks are either legit, or aren't.

      Legit Click - Money comes from publisher (not Google), and Google gets a cut.
      Bogus Click, Caught - No money changes hands. Without said bogus click, Google makes exactly the same amount of money.
      Bogus Click, Not Caught - Money comes from publisher (not Google), and Google gets a cut (profit).

      If you look the scenarios, the only for Google to "lose" money is to mis-detect a legit click as fraudulant, as the publisher gets a legit click for free. Google, of course, minimizes this likelihood, and makes sure it's more likely to have false negatives than false positives (I spend enough on Google, and do my own metrics to know this is the case).

      Fraud costs _publishers_ money; it _makes_ Google money (up until the point when advertisers start jumping ship).

    6. Re:Bad math, bad logic. by catbutt · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I think you are failing to factor in that the amount google makes on ads is determined by the market rate. And the market rate takes into account whether or not the clicks are real or not, since if it doesn't produce sales equal to the amount they pay for the advertising, people won't pay for it, and the price therefore adjusts downward. Google doesn't necessarily make more or less money because of false clicks, they just are paid less per click, but there are more clicks.

      You say "up to the point where advertisers start jumping ship". They don't "jump ship" per se, they just pay less.

    7. Re:Bad math, bad logic. by JoelKatz · · Score: 2, Interesting

      This is a nonsensical argument.

      For example suppose they can afford to audit a random 1% of clicks they detect are bogus and 1% of clicks they detect are legitimate. Assume 1% is statistically significant. They can compute with known accuracy how many clicks fall into each of these categories:
      1) Legitimate clicks detected as legitimate.
      2) Bogus clicks detected as bogus.
      3) Legitimate clicks detected as bogus.
      4) Bogus clicks detected as legitimate.

      Type 1 clicks, obviously, are great. Type 2 clicks don't harm Google significantly. Type 3 clicks are the big problem for Google as these result in lost revenue. Type 4 clicks result in income for Google but harm their reputation. Ultimately, this might be reflected in lower ad rates or fewer customers.

      But your basic argument is flawed. They may be able to detect bogus clicks very reliable with a method that's impractical for use on a high percentage of clicks.

    8. Re:Bad math, bad logic. by MarsDefenseMinister · · Score: 2, Interesting

      I have a friend who is a criminal. He offered me a million dollars last year to help him with his fraud. I turned him down.

      Thus, my criminal friend's fraud is costing me a million dollars. See the problem?

      --
      No weapon in the arsenals of the world is so formidable as the will and moral courage of free men.-Ronald Reagan
    9. Re:Bad math, bad logic. by moderatorrater · · Score: 3, Insightful

      To keep its lead in text ads and to avoid law suits, Google puts a lot of time and effort into catching fraud. That costs them money in development and the projects the developers could have done instead. Then there's the percentage they would have taken had that been a legitimate click which they no longer take because they have to nullify it. Then there's the lost bandwidth from having to serve out and record the click, plus the extra servers because of fraud. Let's not forget that they have to pay their lawyers to defend them from the lawsuits that would come whether google's at fault or not.

      It's true that publishers lose more money from fraud than google does, but that doesn't mean it doesn't cost Google either.

  4. Dont bother with TFA. The summary says it all. by Aranykai · · Score: 2

    Stupid articles that dont contain any actual information. Got me all excited to know how google filters the false clicks.

    --
    If sharing a song makes you a pirate, what do I have to share to be a ninja?
  5. Ads by Threni · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I've been on the net for about 11 years now, and I've not one single time ever deliberately clicked on an ad because it was interesting. I've clicked on accident; I've clicked to allow a download to proceed, or to get a limited time pass to an otherwise charged-for service/site, and I've clicked just for a laugh to fool people into thinking I give a shit, but the day I start to get interested in and buy products based on commercials (online or elsewhere) instead of reading reviews, comparing alternatives and talking to friends/family who've bought something is the day you can take my brain out and give it to someone else.

    1. Re:Ads by CrazyJim1 · · Score: 3, Informative

      You didn't ACTUALLY specify that your brain could be removed only after said action.

      He has the special power of immunity to advertising. Sylar will be around to collect his brain soon enough.

    2. Re:Ads by sampson7 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      This is cruel.

      My family runs a small business, http://www.beadstore.com./ We are not Apple or Microsoft. We do not gross anywhere near a million dollars a year. Each time you click on one of our ads you take somewhere between 5 cents to $1.00 directly out of our pocket.

      Now we try to target our ads only to those who care about beads and jewelry and such -- but our ads sometimes display for completely random searches.

      What on earth is possibly wrong with buying something off the internet? A Google search for "African King Beads" (including the quotes) and my store is the first hit.

      I also happen to know many of the merchants listed on the right advertising for those key words; after all, the high end collectible bead family is relatively small. I would *never* click on one of their ads, because I know it costs them money every time I do. If I wouldn't do this to my competitors, why would you do it to a random stranger?

    3. Re:Ads by swv3752 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I have clicked on adds to buy a product, but it was for products I was looking to buy anyways. I figure i can help support a site without costing me anything extra.

      --
      Just a Tuna in the Sea of Life
  6. RIAA math is being used by El_Smack · · Score: 4, Funny

    From TFA "Google does not charge its advertisers for clicks it determines to be invalid. For example, if 10 out of 100 clicks were excluded Google would not charge its advertisers for the invalid clicks, cutting into the company's revenue."

    Someone is counting invalid clicks as lost revenue, rather than counting them as, well... invalid? Who at the Googleplex used to work in the music/movie industry?

    --


    There are 01 kinds of cars in the world. The General Lee, and everything else.
  7. Google does not "lose" 1 Billion per year by VidEdit · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Google doesn't get to charge for fraudulent clicks. That isn't the same as "loosing" $1,000,000,000.

    Google isn't out any cash for the fraud, it is people who **buy** Google ads and pay per click who potentially loose money to fraudulent clicks, not Google. And there no way that Google can catch all click fraud, so it is **inevitable** that at least some advertisers will be charged for fraudulent clicks.

    Nice post. Way to make Google look like the victim when they aren't the ones who actually pay for fraudulent clicks.

    --
  8. How much in USD? by bidule · · Score: 5, Funny


    What is the exchange rate from RIAA dollars to USD? Because it seems they are using the same monetary units.

    --
    ID: the nose did not occur naturally, how would we wear glasses otherwise? (apologies to Voltaire)
  9. Click fraud isn't costing Google $1B by MacDork · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Click fraud is only inflating the number of clicks made by $1B. Roughly 10% according to the article. Sounds suspiciously low to me. Spam certainly comprises greater than 10% of all email sent, why are click fraud rates so low?

  10. There's definitely some problems... by Creamsickle · · Score: 2, Informative

    The small company I work for has about $1M in sales annually, and we spend almost $250,000 a year on Google Adwords. Roughly 85% of our sales come from Google. We're getting a conversion rate that is less then one percent and it's gotten worse over time. If it continues to drop, we'll have no choice but reduce our adwords cost-per-click limit and take our advertising dollars elsewhere. No matter how you spell it, that means problems for the G00Gmeister.

    --
    On the 0th day, God created C
    1. Re:There's definitely some problems... by tompaulco · · Score: 2, Insightful

      We just completely stopped our Google Adwords advertising. We have looked at print, mail, radio and other media advertising, but every time we run the estimated numbers, we find that spending money on advertising would bring us less money in increased sales than we spent on the campaign. I have long suspected, and now believe strongly that the marketers are best not at selling your products but at selling the idea that you need their services.

      --
      If you are not allowed to question your government then the government has answered your question.
  11. A Merchant's Perspective & Article Critique. by sampson7 · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Google loses nothing as a result of clicks it determines to be fraudulent, other than its time and a little server space. On the balance sheet, it's simply as if those clicks never happened. No out of pocket expenses are incurred by google. Eliminating every fraudulent click out there would not increase Google's bottom line one iota, other than its incremental costs of dealing with this fraud.

    We merchants/advertizers are the ones screwed. Google says that 10 percent of clicks are fraudulent? I have zero idea if this is an over-estimate, under-estimate, or dead-on accurate. However, I do know that google has very little incentive to "mark down" my bill every month. My family runs a small business -- http://www.beadstore.com/ -- and sometimes advertise on google. How many of those clicks I pay for each month are fraudulent? Who knows. I certainly can't tell.

    This isn't to say that I distrust Google. The fact is, that when we advertise, our sales go up. So something is working. Advertising on Google makes a bigger difference than any of our other venues. But those numbers suggesting that 30 percent of our advertising budget may be/once was/is potentially lost to fraud? That is truly scary.

  12. Sure they are! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    In the same way that the RIAA is losing quadrillions of dollars to music piracy.

  13. Founders: Click Fraud Is Google's Greatest Threat by MichaelCrawford · · Score: 3, Informative
    A while back I read that one of Google's founders said that click fraud is the greatest threat to google's business. This is because Black Hats publish websites with AdSense, then fraudulently click the ads on their own pages. They get paid by Google, and the merchants who placed the ads through AdWords Select pay for the fraudulent clicks, but don't enjoy the increased sales that advertising can bring.

    --
    Request your free CD of my piano music.
  14. Actually even worse... by moosehooey · · Score: 2, Insightful

    This is actually even worse. It could be argued that someone might buy a CD or a movie if they were unable to pirate it. But, you can't say that google would get more legitimate clicks if they could eliminate the fake ones.

    1. Re:Actually even worse... by DragonWriter · · Score: 2, Insightful

      But, you can't say that google would get more legitimate clicks if they could eliminate the fake ones.


      You could say Google would charge advertisers more in total, given its rates, if it didn't detect as many of the fake ones, though.

  15. Is that an ethical argument for ad blocking? by lennier · · Score: 5, Funny

    I guess it never crossed my mind that by clicking on a banner ad I'd be causing economic harm. I thought the ad economy these days was all based on impressions, not clickthroughs.

    Makes me want to protect the little guy by filtering out all ads before they display in my browser, just to be on the safe side. Don't want to hurt anyone by accidentally clicking... :)

    --
    You are not a brain: http://books.google.com/books?id=2oV61CeDx-YC
  16. Fraud Is Bad, Made for AdSense is worse by patio11 · · Score: 5, Interesting

    I recently upped my AdWords spending to the (substantial, for me) tune of $15 a day. 20% of my budget was guzzled down by four sites, which all used a technique similar to the following: they had a zillion hand-crafted content pages up, one page on each site was quite close to one of my own search terms, and the page was organized into a workflow. (Search for "apollo bingo card templates" to see the example. No way in heck I'm tossing them a link for it.)

    The AdSense block is under the header for each stage in the workflow, which suggests to unsophisticated Internet users that my ads ARE the next stage in the workflow. You might think I'd be happy about that, because it means a lot of users naively click on me thinking I'm the next step in the workflow, but ALL CLICKS ARE NOT EQUAL. As soon as somebody clicks on my ad, they get whisked to a completely different site and realize "Thats funny, something must have gone wrong". So they click back and I'm out nine cents. Repeat times a couple of hundred over the last 48 hours.

    My CTR (click-through rate) for ads on other sites is in the general region of 1%. Thus, I can reasonably assume that about 1% of the audience reading content with my keywords is at least marginally interested in the product I sell. The CTR on ads on these pages which drew clicks by visual deception was in the teens. That means 15x the earnings for the owners of the deceptive pages. However, the conversion rate (percentage of folks who go on to download my free trial or buy from me) from customers with normal levels of interest (i.e. from other AdSense ads, for example) is about 20%. From these pages, it was less than 2%. Thus, the revenue split from a sale of my software goes from something like 40/40/20 advertiser-Google-me to 100/100/-100 advertiser/Google/me. (I am obviously hoping to tweak the campaign to the point where it is closer to 20/20/60, but even at 40/40/20 its still a positive return on investment.)

    Anyhow, when you work out the math it had me paying something close to $25 to generate a fifty-fifty shot of selling a $25 piece of software. I've since banned the deceptive sites (you can manually choose to not allow your ads on certain domains or URLS), of course, but there are still advertisers getting screwed by them as we speak. And, looking through my logs, there are a LOT of sketchy sites in AdSense which would have cost just as much if they had been blasting through enough traffic. That really threatens the utility of the platform. If its 75% conmen to 25% upstanding sites like Mrs. Smith's Teaching Resources there is no reason for me to pay a single penny for the ads since I'll have to babysit the campaign every hour or get a negative ROI.

  17. Re:Well, that's what you get... by hedwards · · Score: 2, Interesting

    What I'm curious about is what kind of information they disclose to the people that have ads on their site. If I were trying to pay for hosting with ad clicks, I'd be pissed if I was being cheated out of 10% of my clicks because google suspected that they were illegitimate without informing me that they were withholding the money.

    Yes, fraud does happen, but why should the advertisers get an undue break when its only on a small scale and not organized by the website operator? It seems awfully fishy that google seems to think that their system is that good.

    From what the article says, I suspect that is exactly what is happening if only 0.02% get reported as falsely getting through the measures, you can be pretty sure that google is cheating the website operators. Cheating them by being overly conservative in which clicks to be counted and which ones to toss as being fraudulent. It would be quite surprising to me if the majority of that percentage was a legitimate case of fraud and not a few advertisers trying to cheat the system. 0.02 is unlikely to be larger than the margin of error in their analysis.

    I remember the brief time I had one of their accounts, and it rarely worked right, the javascript was regularly broken and rarely actually showed any ads that weren't charity ads.