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EU Court Says File Sharers Don't Have To Be Named

Stony Stevenson writes "European Union countries can refuse to disclose names of file sharers on the Internet in civil cases, the EU's top court said. The European Court of Justice has ruled on a dispute between Spanish music rights holders association Promusicae and Spain's top telecoms operator Telefonica over Telefonica's Internet clients who shared copyright material on the Web. Telefonica argued that, under a national law based on EU rules, it only had to disclose the name of an Internet subscriber for criminal actions, not civil ones. But the court said: 'Community law does not require the member states, in order to ensure the effective protection of copyright, to lay down an obligation to disclose personal data in the context of civil proceedings.' I wonder if this ruling will have any effect on other cases in other countries."

52 comments

  1. Optional for each country by ccguy · · Score: 5, Informative

    Community law does not require the member states, in order to ensure the effective protection of copyright, to lay down an obligation to disclose personal data in the context of civil proceedings.
    Notice the wording: Member states are not *required*... but they can, if they wish, lay down such an obligation.

    I wonder if this ruling will have any effect on other cases in other countries.
    Probably not. The Spanish law doesn't require telcos to disclose the requested information (actually they would get in serious trouble if they provided it to third parties without a judge involved), and the EU said that said law is ok, but other countries could have a different law and that would be ok as well.
    1. Re:Optional for each country by Splab · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Damn you beat me to it. Here in Denmark the citizens aren't protected - so the 110 new cases the APG (RIAA/MPAA/BSA organization in Denmark) just submitted will go through.

    2. Re:Optional for each country by JoeInnes · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Correct. However, most ISP privacy policies state that they may be forced to disclose user information in criminal investigations. Therefore, it may be possible for people defending to get evidence dismissed. IANAL, and I'm not certain whether privacy policies are legally binding, or if the omission of "civil or" is significant.

      Maybe someone who knows better than me can comment?

    3. Re:Optional for each country by Splab · · Score: 5, Informative

      Indeed we can, unlike the US criminal system, any evidence encountered can and will be used against you (well at least in Denmark). The Danish police did some illegal searches during the problems with "Ungdomshuset" - during those searches they found drugs (mainly cannabis) those people will be fined even though the search was illegal, they where in possession of the drugs.

    4. Re:Optional for each country by faragon · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Probably not. The Spanish law doesn't require telcos to disclose the requested information (actually they would get in serious trouble if they provided it to third parties without a judge involved), and the EU said that said law is ok, but other countries could have a different law and that would be ok as well.

      In Spain, judges play the "God mode" role, there are almost no limits for them, and are the only ones that are able to request *private* held information. As user, Telefonica/Orange/Jazztel/ONO/BT/ya.com/COLT/whatever can not, in no case, provide private information to third parties other than to the case instructing judge. Both "Promusicae" and "SGAE" are RIAA-like private associations. In the case of "SGAE" (stands for "Sociedad General de Autores y Editores", that can be poorly translated as "Authors and Editors General Association" -theorethically a non profit association-), they get money as "canon" -as euphemism, because in Spain a private company can not emit taxes!- for every suitable media (CD/DVD-R*, Hard Disks, flash memory, etc.). In my opinion, Al Capone had, much better gang taste.

      As side effect of the undercover taxing, most people buy media to other countries, not only avoid the "canon" (Al-Capone-like tax, as is being issued by a *private* organization), but also VAT and other taxes (!). That stupid measure is generating a huge black market of media, and hurting badly the little computer shops.

      Media associations (RIAA an others) are pushing without thinking about that who make the laws are the same that buys the media. The boomerang is already going back, por borregos y avariciosos.
    5. Re:Optional for each country by iLogiK · · Score: 1

      IANAL, and i'm not sure how relevant it is, but as I understand it, unlike the states, precedents aren't so important in the EU.

    6. Re:Optional for each country by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I should also mention that this might make people feel threatened by the government, but thankfully the police is generally understaffed - and on the upside some murderer wont go free on technicality, if you did it you serve the time.

    7. Re:Optional for each country by Paaskonijn · · Score: 1

      I cannot speak for the rest of Europe, but at least in Belgium, illegally acquired evidence can not be used in court.

    8. Re:Optional for each country by D4rkst0rm · · Score: 1

      Actually it does influence alot other countries, in Austria for example, the ISPA ( internet service providers association ) issued the statement that accordingly to this ruling, the ISP's do not have to give out any personal information about filesharers ( which wasn't done anyway ) without a court order. Funnily enough, since 1.st of January, court orders aren't issued anymore for civil court cases, which includes filesharing. At this moment, in Austria, there is a golden age for filesharers, since the ISP's won't give out the name/address/etc of filesharers without a court order, and court orders aren't issued anymore.

    9. Re:Optional for each country by Weedlekin · · Score: 2, Informative

      It depends what you mean by "the EU". Precedents aren't set by judicial decisions in the European Courts of Justice (ECJ), although it's fairly common for them to refer to prior decisions when making new ones. Not all EU member states operate in the same way however, with the UK for example still using their venerable precedent-driven Common Law that the US legal system is based on.

      --
      I'm not going to change your sheets again, Mr. Hastings.
    10. Re:Optional for each country by persnowfall.se · · Score: 1

      This ruling will possibly have a huge impact in Sweden. This summer a proposition was introduced by the government to force ISPs to release IP adresses of suspected file sharers. The argument was that EU law required such a law, and that's clearly not the case now.

      Under swedish law you need the equivalent af a search warrant in able to obtain a users IP address and that will only be issued for criminal offenses, with a maximum penalty of two years in jail, or more. That is not the case with file sharing as of now and even if it was, that would only grant the Swedish police those powers. The new law would make it possible for private groups like Antipiratbyrån (the swedish version of RIAA) and other organizations to demand IP-adresses of suspected file sharers from ISPs, just like in the US. However that law is proving controversial with some MPs from the main party in the swedish government coalition, signing an article in one of Sweden's largest newspaper, demanding scrapping of this law and legalizing file sharing for private use (that has been described here on /. before).

      Exiting times indeed in Sweden with growing fears about privacy, the influence of swedish and american record companies and the impending trial of The Pirate Bay.

    11. Re:Optional for each country by faragon · · Score: 1
      Please check your constitution, I hope that no civil law can override constitutional rights in Sweden (I know Jönköping and Stockholm, and so civilized country deserves a civilized carta magna), however, unconstitutional laws can be runned until some civil association action tries to stop the madness.

      Exiting times indeed in Sweden with growing fears about privacy, the influence of swedish and american record companies and the impending trial of The Pirate Bay.

      Same fears here, in Spain. Goverments could use the media way as an *excuse* to cut civil rights. We must stop it, it is not about not paying for copyrights, its about individual freedom (!).

      Hej då!
  2. Promusicae has screwed up by Daimanta · · Score: 0

    Not only for themselves, but also for every anti-filesharing organisation in Europe. This means that every anti-filesharing organisation will have a MUCH harder time suing people for God knows what. Meanwhile, the Dutch anti-fs org. is trying to act like nothing is wrong by saying that national law trumps European law. Unfortunately for them the opposite is true.

    When I first heard this news it put a big grin on my face. Take that, you asshats.

    --
    Knowledge is power. Knowledge shared is power lost.
    1. Re:Promusicae has screwed up by jonbryce · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Unfortunately for you, the opposite is not quite true.

      This court rulings says that European law does not require telcos to supply information, and it does not prohibit it either. Spain does not have any national law on the subject, so Telefonica are not required to supply this information. If Holland does have such a law, then the likes of Chello would be required under Dutch law to supply the information.

    2. Re:Promusicae has screwed up by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Um, somebody didn't read TFA, tsk tsk.

      What this ruling says is, if you want the names, you need to persue a CRIMINAL case not a CIVIL case. So all this means is now EU filesharers (cough, copyright violators, cough) will face criminal proceedings, not civil (fines). And you hail that as progress?

    3. Re:Promusicae has screwed up by DrJokepu · · Score: 1

      Not only for themselves, but also for every anti-filesharing organisation in Europe. This means that every anti-filesharing organisation will have a MUCH harder time suing people for God knows what. Meanwhile, the Dutch anti-fs org. is trying to act like nothing is wrong by saying that national law trumps European law. Unfortunately for them the opposite is true.

      Keep in mind that there is a civil law system in most EU countries (I think the only exceptions are the UK and the Republic of Ireland), so there are no precedents here. This case does not have any effect on any other similar cases in the EU.
    4. Re:Promusicae has screwed up by KDR_11k · · Score: 1

      A criminal case requires a crime and I don't think you're going to be popular with the police if you keep accusing people of crimes just to get their name.

      --
      Justice is the sheep getting arrested while an impartial judge declares the vote void.
    5. Re:Promusicae has screwed up by Le+T800 · · Score: 1

      So true, unfortunately this doesn't help French people because in our country IP violations are considered as criminal acts.

    6. Re:Promusicae has screwed up by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Troll

      maybe you should stop copying stuff you haven't paid for and show some fucking respect for the people who made it then?

    7. Re:Promusicae has screwed up by History's+Coming+To · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I despair. This is supposed to be one of the few sites on the planet that has intelligent people, and yet all we get is "THE MAN CAN'T STOP US SHARING MUSIC!". Sorry, but The Man isn't the record execs on their £100k salaries, it's the musicians trying to break through. Sure, try to break "the system" by copying everything, but you'll get this:

      1: The Man will earn just as much doing something else...advertising exec for SourceForge for example....The Man doesn't really care where he gets his money, as long as he gets it. And he will.

      2: We'll have wall-to-wall pap (good Scots word, means "meaningless nothing") and it will be called music. Seriously, it'll be far worse than the stuff we get now. Nickelbak will be by FAR the most innovative it gets.

      If you want to get free music, then go support the DAMN BANDS THAT PRODUCE IT! If you don't want to pay for music, DON'T BLOODY WELL BUY IT!

      --
      Please consider this account deleted, I just can't be bothered with the spam anymore.
    8. Re:Promusicae has screwed up by Pax681 · · Score: 1

      "he only exceptions are the UK " sorry but just plain WRONG http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/Justice/Civil that's Scottish law which is seperate and discinct from english law i am sure if you look you'll find that england also has plenty civil law cases.

    9. Re:Promusicae has screwed up by DrJokepu · · Score: 1

      I am sorry, I didn't want to offend the Scottish, of course the Scottish have a civil law system. I didn't want to mention that since my original comment was about the rest of Europe and not the UK so it would have been a little bit irrelevant here. Anyway the rest of the UK AFAIK has common law (I am not sure about Gibraltar though). And the rest of Europe doesn't (except the Republic of Ireland, and probably Malta and maybe Cyprus but honestly I'm not sure about those two and too lazy to check out Wikipedia). Based on your comment one could say that the US is not a common law country either because Louisiana has civil law as well.

    10. Re:Promusicae has screwed up by rtb61 · · Score: 1
      The flip side of turning copyright infringement into a criminal act, is they have to prove you were guilty, not that an IP that your ISP automated systems was logged in as being from your account, was involved in an alleged copyright infringement.

      They now have to prove that you were in fact in front of your computer, and that you were controlling the actions of your computer at the time that your computer was carrying actions that was infringing the copyright.

      So that would mean a key logger was monitoring your actions on the computer while a video camera recorded you physical presence at the machine, either in configuring your computer to commit those actions at a latter time or in the concurrent act of committing those actions, all this combined with a recording of all data input and outputs between your computer and all network connections.

      This is all required to establish a true a valid line of evidence to ensure guilt beyond a reasonable doubt, especially bearing in mind the severity of the penalties to be applied.

      --
      Chaos - everything, everywhere, everywhen
    11. Re:Promusicae has screwed up by ps236 · · Score: 1

      Criminal cases usually require a more onerous 'burden of proof' than civil cases.

      That's why sometimes, (in the UK at least) where people have not been convicted of crimes, their victims will pursue a civil case against them, because it's much easier to get a civil judgement against someone than a criminal conviction (even though the penalties can just be financial not custodial).

      If copyright infringement was only allowed as a criminal offence in the USA, I doubt anyone would be convicted of downloading from the Internet. The RIAA wouldn't like that one bit!

  3. Yeah, right... by Stanislav_J · · Score: 3, Funny

    I wonder if this ruling will have any effect on other cases in other countries.

    Not in the U.S., that's for sure. We don't care what them damn heathen furriners do in all them other countries...

    --
    "Every great cause begins as a movement, becomes a business, and eventually degenerates into a racket." -- Eric Hoffer
  4. Are we learning? by Sta7ic · · Score: 1

    We had an article up a few days ago where a file-sharer hunting company was starting criminal cases to get the person's name, settling out of court, and dropping the case. Though forcing everyone to play hardball makes it interesting, is this really the best way to go about things? Litigating groups will just pull the same stunt until the judges get sick and tired of the riff-raff dragging rather harmless defendants across the coals.

  5. The law will change by El+Yanqui · · Score: 3, Insightful

    EU rules do not preclude the possibility for EU countries of laying down an obligation to disclose personal data in the context of civil proceedings, it said.

    "However, it does not compel the member states to lay down such an obligation," the court said.
    It doesn't compel them to do so now. It doesn't mean that the EU won't change that law to be more stringent. What's even more likely though, is that the industry lobbies the EU and the law remains the same, but becomes attached to other conditions. Your country wants EU aid to help with communications infrastructure? Sure, but you'll need to comply with this law. It's the same way the drinking age changed to 21 in all the States; it became a requirement for Federal highway funds due to lobbying from MADD.

    I predict the industry and anti-piracy lobby groups to focus on newer additions to the EU from Eastern Europe to do just this. These countries use more EU aid and can be painted as piracy hotbeds.
    --
    Well, thanks to the Internet, I'm now bored with sex.
    1. Re:The law will change by turbidostato · · Score: 1

      "I predict the industry and anti-piracy lobby groups to focus on newer additions to the EU from Eastern Europe to do just this."

      Be damn sure about it. It's *already* happening. Just alike RIAA or BSA, when you gain money in the hundreds of millions*1 basically with no effort you are aplenty of time for lobbying to support your 'statu quo'.

      SGAE's (Spanish RIAA) current policy is spending vast amounts of money (it's easy to expend lots of money when you don't need *any* effort to earn it first) in marketing (both advertisements and lobying the two major political parties) so the public idea about filesharing and P2P goes from current "my mom told me sharing is good, isn't it?" towards "sharing is a crime, worse than robbery or injuries"*2; once the mass is convinced about that it will be plain easy to change current laws to abide to this fact.

      Just today on Madrid's public TV channel*3 there were an "newsvertisement" about a K9 police group able to sniff for DVD on airports in order to raid against illegal importers. Till that, so well so good. But then it came something on the lines of "...but illegal DVD importers are not the only danger, isn't it? No: Spain is the first in the ranking of *illegal media download* with an stimated 300M*". That's on a *public* TV. No wonder there are so many media downloads when even the dumbest attorney in law perfectly knows that in Spain media download can't be illegal; it's impossible, and even upload can only be a civil offense at most (and I say "at most" for I don't know of just a single case that haven't been dismissed on first trial and SGAE, clever as they are, haven't recurred since they know it would make precedent if it reaches the supreme court).

      *1 In the few years from the rise of mass CD home recorders SGAE's gains by means of the "private copy canon" went from about 13 to 130 million euros a year. Can there be a better bussiness plan? You gain *lots* of money out ot the bussiness efforts of other people doing strictly *nothing* just wait at home for the money to arrive. Even RIAA's bussiness model doesn't reach such "perfection" (after all they need to go over there rallying people).
      *2 No jokes: you should learn about SGAE's proposition for last IP law reformation: they really proposed retaining the private copy right so the can still get their canon -more than 100M a year from a country with less than 40M people is not a light thing, but making it illegal in all relevant situations, with jail charges worse than those from robbery, injuries and even some cases of child abuses).
      *3 It's specially funny it has been in Madrid, since its public TV is well known for being totally sold to one of the two major parties -the right wing one, think about USA republicans, that usually has been told to be against SGAE ideas (after all allowing for a "canon on culture" and "distorting the free market" by allowing "taxes" that benefit just some industries is not quite liberal) and its presidential candidate even stated that he would retire the "private copy canon" if he wins... of course he won't tell that he might do so... but if he does he will erradicate the private copy right with it.

    2. Re:The law will change by Weedlekin · · Score: 1

      "That's on a *public* TV."

      TV companies in most of the world regard "piracy" as a threat to their own sources of revenue, so the fact that they transmit advertising for their own viewpoint disguised as news shouldn't surprise you or anyone else.

      --
      I'm not going to change your sheets again, Mr. Hastings.
    3. Re:The law will change by turbidostato · · Score: 1

      "TV companies in most of the world"

      Maybe the world "public" is not the one to be used here (sorry, I'm not English speaking). I meant a government-owned TV channel.

  6. Criminal vs Civil by Midnight+Thunder · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Not being an expert here, could someone tell me the difference between a civil law and a criminal law? Is there any way for the file shares to be persued using criminal law?

    I could search on the internet, but having an answer here would be useful to other readers of /.

    --
    Jumpstart the tartan drive.
    1. Re:Criminal vs Civil by Midnight+Thunder · · Score: 1

      Here is something describing criminal and civil law, in the USA though the definition is probably universal:

      http://www.rbs2.com/cc.htm

      --
      Jumpstart the tartan drive.
    2. Re:Criminal vs Civil by mikael · · Score: 1

      In criminal law, it is always the government that is taking up litigation against the other party. In civil law, it is another private individual or corporation that starts the litigation process. Intellectual property (patents/copyright) violations are an example of the latter.

      Difference between civil and criminal law.

      Technically, they might be able to argue that placing music on a publicly accessible computer without purchasing a Copyright Music License from the Performing Right Society amounts to a criminal act.

      Playing of recorded music or radio / tv
      4 Any business (or individual) which plays music in public must obtain a Copyright Music Licence from the Performing Right Society. This applies to all businesses from Hotels and Clubs to corner shops or hairdressers. Anywhere music is reproduced in public a Licence must be purchased under the Copyright Act of 1911. `Public also includes staff members over five in number, eg kitchens, workshops. For more information see: www.prs.co.uk/musiclicence/

      --
      Vintage computer adverts: http://www.vintageadbrowser.com/computers-and-software-ads
    3. Re:Criminal vs Civil by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      In criminal law, it is always the government that is taking up litigation against the other party. I don't know about other jurisdictions but that's certainly not true in the UK. Private prosecutions are unusual but they happen.
    4. Re:Criminal vs Civil by Elite_Warrior · · Score: 1

      by definition criminal law governs crimes (felonies and misdemeanors). Crimes are offenses against the state. Civil law deals with private offenses, such as violations of contracts, and failure of professional duty. I think it is males difference clear to you.

  7. Major Labels Backing File Sharing Sites? by trunkthink · · Score: 1

    I bet Sony BMG and Universal will back file sharing sites sooner than most think.

    The question is not whether they'll do it but when. Everyone knows their position is getting weaker by the day, and the more DRM and restrictions and other technology they add the more the music industry smells like Vista.

  8. 2 words for the Media Associations by Jack9 · · Score: 0, Redundant

    European Fail

    --

    Often wrong but never in doubt.
    I am Jack9.
    Everyone knows me.
  9. westlaw / lexis by Alterion · · Score: 1

    for those of us with westlaw and lexis is there an offical report/ trascript available? anyone have a citation?

    1. Re:westlaw / lexis by electriccounterpoint · · Score: 1

      I don't know the ECJ's citation format, but the decision is announced and printed here: http://curia.europa.eu/jurisp/cgi-bin/gettext.pl?where=&lang=en&num=79919870C19060275&doc=T&ouvert=T&seance=ARRET From there, the [citation? docket number?] is given as C275/06

  10. In Germany there is a workaround already. by egork · · Score: 2, Informative

    Local lawyers have already found a workaround for this obstacle. They first open a criminal case and receive the identity information from the police. Later they file the civil case.

    1. Re:In Germany there is a workaround already. by Benaiah · · Score: 1

      Local lawyers have already found a workaround for this obstacle. They first open a criminal case and receive the identity information from the police. Later they file the civil case. Surely the police wont be happy that their resources are being used in a fraudulent manner.
      Its unlikely that such a dubious relationship will continue unabated.
    2. Re:In Germany there is a workaround already. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This practice has been going on for years already. German public prosecutors routinely open and close thousands of cases just to provide the copyright holders with names and addresses of subscribers. The only action they undertake is request connection data from ISPs; the submitted "evidence" is not verified, and no search warrants etc. are issued, so the bureaucratic effort is minimal.

  11. OT: story tag by akita · · Score: 1

    imsparticus ? It's Spartacus.

  12. Not in Italy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Italy mandated the issue of penal process for multimedia piracy, so that wouldn't apply (sadly).

  13. YOU'RE NEXT! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Some time when you're asleep or in bed with your brother, some silent Father Abraham Assasin (with his Smurf crack attack squad) will choke you to death on his beard. While you silently scream into the suffocating mass of hair, he will smile at you as the life leaves your eyes and you will die knowing that he has many more people to kill. And he'll enjoy every last one of them.

    Don't sleep too soundly.

  14. Wont work in the UK by Xest · · Score: 1

    Police need proof of a crime before they can request an exemption to acquire data that would otherwise be protected under the data protection act.

    Not that it matters because both Labour and Conservatives are in the pockets of the music industry so they'll probably just ignore this ruling and I can't see any other party getting in.