Open Source Growing At an Exponential Rate

sipmeister writes "Two computer scientists who work for enterprise software giant SAP have shown that open source is growing at an exponential rate. Not only is the code base growing exponentially, but also the number of viable projects. Researchers Amit Deshpande and Dirk Riehle analyzed the database of open source startup ohloh.net and looked at the last 16 years of growth in open source. They consistently got the best fit for the data using an exponential model. Relating this to open source market revenue, Desphande and Riehle conclude that open source is eating into closed source at a non-trivial pace."

Comments

I for one

[setagllib]

I for one welcome our new open source overlords :)

Re:I for one

[cptnapalm]

Oh, thank you! My, what a friendly bunch of abject servants you all are. I simply must tell all my fellow FOSS overlords all about how sweet you all have been in accepting the yoke placed around your necks by our imperious hands.

Re:I for one

[number1scatterbrain]

I don't know. The Google super-geniuses are already beginning to worry me...

Re:I for one

[francium de neobie]

Why waste time welcoming us when you can contribute and become an overlord yourself? ;)

Re:I for one

[DaveV1.0]

Why is it when I read your comment, I heard it spoken in an effete British accent.

Re:I for one

[tsm_sf]

I think it's hilarious that you took the time to come back and proofread your troll. That's craftsmanship.

Re:I for one

[montyzooooma]

Were your lips moving when you read it?

Re:I for one

[smittyoneeach]

But if everyone is an overlord, who are the serfs?
Or is that the real point?

Re:I for one

[hey!]

And poetically, "Operation Overlord" was the code name for the allied invasion of Normandy, which signaled the beginning of the end of the European war.

Of course, we are much more at what Churchill would have termed the "end of the beginning" stage when it comes to free software, and in that spirit I offer a Churchill quotation that is rather apt:

This is no war of chieftains or of princes, of dynasties or national ambition; it is a war of peoples and of causes. There are vast numbers, not only in this island but in every land, who will render faithful service in this war but whose names will never be known, whose deeds will never be recorded. This is a war of the Unknown Warriors; but let all strive without failing in faith or in duty, and the dark curse of Hitler will be lifted from our age."

Of course, it's not precisely true that "their deeds will never be recorded", at least if they are using source control as they should.

Re:I for one

[JohnSearle]

The open-source struggle is a war on proprietary software, which is analogous to the Allies vs. Nazism; and the allied warriors, consequently, are analogous to open-source programmers. So everything fits nicely except for one small detail... Who is Hitler? ... and I suppose, who is Churchill (although, that is less exciting).

- John

Re:I for one

[aldousd666]

That's a rather ridiculous analogy. If people couldn't make any money on software, there would be a lot less of it, and especially a lot less commercial software and design for open source to emulate and 'replace'. Open source can grow faster than proprietary partly because they have taken ideas that were developed after much ado and investment by companies that actually had to pay to come up with it. I'm not saying open source is bad, but trying to kill proprietary software with it entirely is very bad.

Re:I for one

[Oliver Defacszio]

I'm personally offended that someone as thoroughly stupid as you clearly are (having read your embarrassingly idiotic comparison) has sullied the name of such an eminent philosopher.

Why don't you take on the name of some fucking video game character or something else that might more accurately represent your hilariously stunted intellect? Just a thought.

You, personally, make the entire open source "community" look bad.

Re:I for one

[JohnSearle]

It's not my analogy, I was just expanding upon what the parent was giving. He likened the open-source movement to the allies, and then he goes on to quote Churchill, which he states is in the spirit of things, and is 'rather apt'. He then finishes it off by analogizing Churchill's unknown warriors to the programmers of the OSS movement...

So if your comment was directed to me, then you have me confused. I'm hardly supporting this analogy; just merely asking him to elaborate on it further.

If it wasn't directed towards me, then I apologize... and you should reply to his post, not mine.

- John

Re:I for one

[JohnSearle]

Thank you for your insightful post. Please read my reply to the other guy. THIS IS NOT MY ANALOGY. I WAS MERELY ASKING HIM TO ELABORATE ON HIS ANALOGY.

Perhaps I took his comparisons a little too literally, and I apologize if I somehow offended you. We all make mistakes, especially in interpreting other peoples ambiguous writings. There's no need for hostility, nor name calling. It's a little childish and self-defeating.

- John

Re:I for one

[aldousd666]

sorry, yeah, I misunderstood your intention. I took your summary to be your personal opinion not a summary of the parent.

Re:I for one

[JohnSearle]

It's all right.. The other guy did as well.

To be completely honest, the post was meant to be humorous, and not serious in the least. Guess it kind of backfired :)

Thanks for the understanding of the misunderstanding.

- John

Re:I for one

[Maxo-Texas]

Hmmm.

Well we could use Gates... die his hair black and have him grow a little mustache. And he would have to take up painting but suck at it -- or perhaps develop a bad painting program.

Linus seems a little too young, doesn't smoke as much, doesn't drink as much, and lacks the cool british accent Churchill had.

Richard is a bit crazy-- seems more of a pol pot than anything in WWII-- perhaps a japanese type with "fight to the death".

In general I think that Opensource is, to a large extent, a war of large corporations against other large corporations with proprietary software. It's wonderful and we will benefit.

I think if you extend things forward 20 years, word processers, audio editors, video editors and other key tools will all be open source, free, and completely rock. Openoffice just gets better and better. Meanwhile, word is starting to make things worse trying to differentiate themselves from openoffice. In the end-- word processing is a fixed set of functions and all will be implemented.

Re:I for one

[hey!]

I don't think we need to compare, say, Bill Gates to Hitler. Nor do I think that proprietary software is tantamount to Naziism.

At least if we draw our analogies from history so literally, we'd be better off not knowing any history at all.

The apt part of the analogy here is that there are so many people to whom so many are are indebted to, we can scarcely begin to enumerate them, much less name them.

I don't think the existence of proprietary software is inconsistent with a free civil society. But I do believe that society has become so dependent upon software that it is necessary to have robust, free alternatives to proprietary software. Without that, ownership of key pieces of intellectual property, such as file formats, could confer on private parties powers no private party should have.

A case in point is the license restriction on proprietary database systems, which usually forbid publication of benchmarks that have not been approved by the vendor. The ostensible purpose is to prevent invalid benchmarks from being published, which would certainly happen. But preventing the spread of erroneous ideas has always been the high sounding excuse for censorship; in truth it's humanly impossible to quash all error, and in practice censorship merely replaces the errors of the masses with the errors of the few.

Accepting a gag on database performance testing results is not the end of free speech as we know it, but it's not a healthy development. Exactly where should we draw the line beyond which the vendor cannot censor our opinions? And without free software, how much longer would we be able to draw the line for ourselves, without withdrawing from civil society altogether?

Re:I for one

[debatem1]

I'm sorry, but you're discussing things in a reasonable and intelligent manner. Your Intertubes license is officially revoked. Turn in your e-peen at the counter.

Re:I for one

[cptnapalm]

If you heard it in an effete British accent which sort of resembles a John Cleese wearing a Robin Hood outfit speaking to a collection of little people with a map, then you are on target.

Otherwise you are just wrong :)

Re:I for one

[david_thornley]

He did take the name of something like a video game character, or somebody of similar intellect. Searle wrote his whole Chinese Room argument apparently without realizing that (a) it's a classic example of the fallacy known as "begging the question", (b) it shows no sign that Searle has ever encountered the concept of "emergent behavior", and (c) Searle seems to think that "intentionality" is not merely a confused word used by philosophers to obfuscate interesting questions, but is also produced biologically, for all anybody can tell in some sort of gland.

Re:I for one

[antek9]

In the end, there will only remain the Overlords, and then the Microserfs. You should know that.

You will hear them cry in agony: - Those damned developers, developers, developers, developers!

Re:I for one

[CSMatt]

I'm not sure if it's this post that invokes Godwin's Law or the one above it.

Re:I for one

[smittyoneeach]

Here is a glimpse of a future video:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TSYV-nEE300

Re:I for one

[superwiz]

That's a rather ridiculous analogy. If people couldn't make any money on software, there would be a lot less of it, and especially a lot less commercial software and design for open source to emulate and 'replace'. Open source can grow faster than proprietary partly because they have taken ideas that were developed after much ado and investment by companies that actually had to pay to come up with it. I'm not saying open source is bad, but trying to kill proprietary software with it entirely is very bad. Perhaps your signature is very telling, as well:

Who is John Galt?

In that spirit, what would Howard Roark do if faced with the choice of writing software that can be easily "used by common men" vs writing software that was of the best quality? Almost no theoretical software research is conducted by private interests anymore. I would argue that it is because we don't have software patents and math patents (business-method patents are not the same thing), but that's a different argument. The fact is that under the current economic arrangement most innovation in software happens in research -- not in commercial establishments.

People who write OSS are not very likely to have killing of any software endeavor as their primary goal (heck I even heard Linus say that VB is very useful for its niche market). They are creators who want to create. Setting ones goals on destruction will only carry one so far. So your sentiment is probably misplaced. Although thew crowd of people which you are actually addressing is most likely composed of people who never write any software. Their sentiments might be quite destructive. That however doesn't change the fact that the monster you are trying to slay (people dedicating their lives to writing OSS for the purpose of killing commercial software) doesn't exist.

Re:I for one

[jonbryce]

I'd say it is more like the battle between democracy and communism.

Re:I for one

[aldousd666]

Howard Roark is not my dogmatic model ;) But I get the point. If you're going to use novels as a guideline lets not forget who looks more like a looter than whom. However, I don't actually think using OSS makes anyone a looter, after all the even exchange (their satisfaction of contribution and recognition) they get out of it was of their own free will. This isn't to say that a number of it's consumers don't have that mentality. The guy who damns debian because they don't have a driver for his particular soundcard, now that's a fucking looter! hehe. Anyway, I still think that it's necessary to have proprietary stuff anymore, just because. If you take away the industry, lots of buzz about it (open source included) tends to suffer then. If there are no customers buying the corn, the highest technology plows start to look more like paperweights. I don't hate OSS, I contribute myself at times, but I still relish the fact we've got both.

Viral License?

[phantomcircuit]

So the accusation that the GPL is a viral license wasn't just a bunch of bullshit?

Re:Viral License?

[Anonymous Coward]

The GPL concerns free software, no open source software. This study has no bearing on how 'viral' the GPL is.

Re:Viral License?

[jd]

Wrong exponent. Turns out it's closer to rabbits.

Re:Viral License?

[howlingmadhowie]

i find complaints about the GPL being viral somewhat amusing, seeing as it is invariably closed-source software which is viral and forces everybody else to buy it if they want to interact with it. the GPL however produces free software which everybody can interact with as they wish.

Re:Viral License?

[IBBoard]

Only if your virus is of the "make you freer, healthier and happier" type.

Re:Viral License?

[dookiesan]

Suppose I write some videogame that I would like to sell for a few bucks because I'm a starving student. Hypothetically this videogame is really cool and I had a great idea.

I might need some numerical routines to handle sparse matrices and do a few other things that have been well developed for years now. All the libraries are under the GPL though, so now to have any chance of selling my videogame for $5 I have to redevelop all of this linear algebra software from scratch.

Maybe linear algebra routines actually are BSD, but that's not the point (I don't have a videogame either). There's no way for me to charge $5 for this great videogame idea unless I rewrite a whole bunch of code that hasn't been touched in ten years. What if the GPL code did something as mundane as write an xml file. Does it make sense to force every project using this to open their source to use this? It's not like we're repackaging someone's webserver--we're just writing a file.

It doesn't make sense to reinvent the wheel so it's not reasonable to re-implement this stuff...it might take weeks. So I have no chance of _selling_ my game. I would be motivated to polish up the interface if I thought I could make a couple hundred dollars though.

Re:Viral License?

[jrumney]

You can make up hypothetical situations as much as you like, the fact is that if a library is useful, and there has been a GPLed library available for years, then someone somewhere will be selling a commercial library that does the same thing, which you can use in your proprietary project. Even if that were not true, there is no sense in crying about the fact that you can't profit from other people's software without giving something back.

Re:Viral License?

[Bert64]

If this code you want to reuse is GPL, then the author clearly didn't want you packaging up his code into a closed source game and selling it...
You still have the choice of releasing it as GPL and still selling it, most games players won't go to the trouble of downloading and compiling the source themselves.

And how is this worse than proprietary software? I doubt any closed source vendor would allow you to package up their code as part of your product either...

Re:Viral License?

[aproposofwhat]

Poor little student - what better way to learn than to reimplement the algorithms?

If you want to make money, put the work in!

What this study highlights to me is that despite the protestations of the patent / copyright lobbies, free software promotes innovation, rather than the profit motive.

As I say - if you want to charge, then put the work in - it's not as though it's hard.

Re:Viral License?

[Alsee]

They can't cure the common cold, but of course the government cures THAT virus.

-

Re:Viral License?

[BytePusher]

Not to mention, most open source libraries with equivalent proprietary versions are released under the LGPL, which allows users to link without revealing their source code.

"The LGPL places copyleft restrictions on the program itself but does not apply these restrictions to other software that merely links with the program."(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LGPL)

Re:Viral License?

[tomandlu]

Your argument doesn't make much sense.

The libraries you need to use were given freely by others, who could also have decided to charge $5, making it impossible for you to afford the purchase.

One could argue the case for a difference between a library and an application that makes use of the library, and that the latter could be charged for, but IMHO that would profoundly affect what OS is.

It's not an appalling idea. Developers everywhere would have free access to high quality libraries, and would have an incentive to improve those libraries, and an obligation to make the modified libraries available. However, they could still charge for applications that implemented the libraries.

Like I said, not appalling, but a big change (and I'd be surprised if there isn't some variant of a OS licence that doesn't already do this).

Re:Viral License?

[tomandlu]

Heh - having now read up on the LGPL, I'm feeling a bit silly. On the plus-side, yay me! I reinvented the wheel!

Re:Viral License?

[Teckla]

i find complaints about the GPL being viral somewhat amusing, seeing as it is invariably closed-source software which is viral and forces everybody else to buy it if they want to interact with it. the GPL however produces free software which everybody can interact with as they wish.

Source code that is licensed under the GPL is viral in nature. Richard Stallman wrote the GPL that way on purpose so that it would tend to spread to more and more source code. It's his weapon of choice to help shape the software world the way he thinks is best.

I don't personally agree with his belief that all source code should be open, as I believe that party A should have the freedom to buy closed source software from party B if that is their choice. Mr. Stallman would have you believe that party A and party B are behaving immorally and unethically.

It reminds me a bit of the prostitution debate: A third party passing judgment on two consenting adults that wish to make a transaction. Except Mr. Stallman didn't stop at passing judgment; he devised a plan that attempts to reduce those kinds of transactions: It's called the GPL.

Closed source is many things, some of those things being good, some of those things being bad, but you always have the choice, as a user or a developer, to simply not use it.

Likewise, you always have the choice, as a user or developer, to not use code (binary or source) if it's licensed under the GPL.

I, personally, take a pragmatic approach: I use software licensed under the GPL, but I will not contribute, because I simply don't share Mr. Stallman's beliefs.

And now I will be modded into oblivion, because a dissenting opinion regarding the GPL is not allowed on Slashdot.

Re:Viral License?

[xappax]

Ok, so you don't like big bossy Stallman trying to tell you what to do. That's fine. But characterizing the GPL as some kind of tool to prevent voluntary exchanges is silly.

It comes down to this: either you believe in "intellectual property" rights or not. If you do, whenever a developer creates code, it's their property, and they can establish whatever conditions they like for other people getting to use it. Some people use the GPL as their conditions. They're not saying they swear allegiance to Stallman, nor are they saying all software should be free, they're just saying "if you want to use my intellectual property, in return you have to release the stuff you did with it under the GPL". Those are the conditions of the exchange, what's involuntary about that?

Or, you don't believe in intellectual property, and think the GPL unfairly restricts what people can do with the code. This makes sense initially, but then you realize that the only thing you can't do with GPL code is use it in "intellectual property" schemes, where someone uses IP law to restrict access to their software to force others to pay for it. If you don't believe in IP, why would you want to make it possible for your code to be used in such activities?

The only reasons to be angry with the GPL are a base self-interest (not liking competition for your own closed software), or a misplaced sense of rebellion against the perceived authority of Stallman - which is completely imagined. He's just a guy who had an idea, a lawyer wrote it up, and a lot of other people thought they would copy it.

Re:Viral License?

[LWATCDR]

"Even if that were not true, there is no sense in crying about the fact that you can't profit from other people's software without giving something back."
Sure you can. Take a look at all the websites that use MySQL, PHP, Perl, Python, and or Drupal.
Or any number of ISPs that use Linux and Apache on their servers.
Yes you can make money off other peoples software and give nothing back.

Re:Viral License?

[Bralkein]

You make it sound like the GPL is a deadly weapon that seeks out closed-source software and destroys it! The GPL describes a list of freedoms and restrictions governing the use of a piece of software. If a developer agrees with those items on the list, then they can apply them to their own software. If they do this, then as a bonus they will be able to make full use of code from other GPL users, because they agree on the rules governing its use.

Now, this doesn't preclude a copyright holder from making other decisions about how to use their software. Any party is entitled to approach the copyright holder and attempt to negotiate on different terms. Take Trolltech's Qt, for example. This software is available under the GPL, but it can also be used under a proprietary license for a fee. You will notice that the GPL does not prevent this from happening in any way. Now, Richard Stallman might be against this, I don't know. But Richard Stallman isn't the GPL.

I have genuine difficulty in following your line of reasoning here. The GPL is not viral. Nobody has to use the GPL.

Re:Viral License?

[RAMMS EIN]

You have software and protocols mixed up. It is open standards for file formats, protocols, etc. that allows interoperability. Open source is mainly a way to put the users of the software in control of the software: you don't have to rely on the vendor for bugfixes and other improvements, as you would with closed source software. Of course, it is also true that open source developers (including users) tend to favor open standards, but they are still different things.

Re:Viral License?

[apt142]

I don't know if the growth has anything to do with being viral. Growth of software in general is probably exponential.

Another thought is that there is a lot of code out there to build on. So, a lot of new projects are probably modifying and forking existing code. Or just building on top of them. When you have the power to do that you can specify how you like things. For example: How many flavors of Linux are there compared to varieties of Windows? Compare that to the number of users in each camp.

Re:Viral License?

[sgt scrub]

As in "Silly Rabbits" or "No! Not the killer rabbit!"

Re:Viral License?

[dookiesan]

If I wrote an xml-reader I wouldn't want someone selling a toolkit for xml manipulation using my code. They would be taking credit for my work. However, if someone wants to use that same code for reading their config files, I would be ok with that.

I'm not trying to speak for every author of GPL code, but I don't believe it is consistent with some intentions. If there is a license that prevents the former situation, but allows the latter that would be great. No one can resell any upgrade to my xml-reader without giving back the source, and yet it can be useful as a tool in many projects (even closed source ones).

I'm not crying about anything, and I _will_ open source my code (and it won't be an xml-reader or linear algebra package). The problem is that the two desires above are conflicting because of gray areas in between.

Re:Viral License?

[Mr. Jaggers]

Make money off of mods to the code itself, not the use of a complete & distributed package. In GPL parlance, if you didn't link any object code to any other object code using a linker (or the functional equivalent for interpreted languages). If you modify python itself and run your site off it (my own private Mython!!! Yay!) then you can't go sell Mython.

If you already understood that part of it, and were simply pointing out that "you can't profit off others without giving something back" was fallacious, then either you or the grandparent poster is being pedantic.

My statement regarding student gamer above would be that probably wouldn't have finished his $5 game without the libraries to begin with, so where was the loss? He'd either have had to spend time or money to get where he was by writing his own libraries or buying them and consequently charge a lot more, or needs to sell his $5 game after a short dev cycle & comply with GPL (if he's smart, the library would be SDL, and the LGPL is in affect, as other posters have mentioned).

I see no inconsistency here, nor any real argument against the GPL or using it. Is he suggesting that someone might somehow be "tricked" by the daemons into using GPL code and then "oh noes!!" Solution there is to be a smarter programmer, period. Be aware of the licenses of other people's code you use. Perhaps the state of modern licensing has forced us coders to spend some cycles and brain cells on legal crap now. If so, then you have a choice. Understand your licensing, or rely on "faith-based liability protection."

Re:Viral License?

[Anonymous Coward]

Idiot. It's SOVIET Russia. Learn to troll, already!

Re:Viral License?

[LWATCDR]

Not at all. What you don't get is that yes I can make a ton of money off of GPL without ever giving back a dime at all. An ISP running Linux is using FOSS and making money from it. They never have to give one dollar or one line of code to do it.
What you can not do is make money as a programmer off of GPL code without giving back. Well even then you can as well. So no it is one of the myths of GPL that you can not make money off of the code without giving something back.
I have no problem with people writing GPL code or using the GPL for the code they right. I just have a problem with the worship of the GPL and the myths that surround it. It is a fine thing and I am a happy user of GPL software and have contributed to GPL projects.

Extra Extra

[Idiomatick]

Something commonly found on the internet increases in growth exponentially.

Seriously it would be emberassing if it werent. The # of people who have seen goatse has gone up 1000s of times in the last year. That doesnt make distended anuses cool. Ty for the non-news.

Re:Extra Extra

[argent]

Yah, I'd like to see them do the same curve fit for commercial software. If it's not also exponential I'll eat your hat.

(not mine, it's icky)

Re:Extra Extra

[tsm_sf]

The # of people who have seen goatse has gone up 1000s of times in the last year.

CNN actually had a piece on this recently.

Re:Extra Extra

[Anonymous Coward]

In Japan only old people rickroll.

Re:Extra Extra

[tepples]

CNN actually had a piece on this recently. CNN doesn't show music videos, except possibly in the context of a news story.

Competition

[AKAImBatman]

Relating this to open source market revenue, Desphande and Riehle conclude that open source is eating into closed source at a non-trivial pace.

Welcome to competition. Open Source tends to cover the areas where software is well established and should be commoditized. As much as we'd all like to keep charging $250 a copy for a library to unzip files, technology marches on. Commercial providers of technology must work harder to win the dollars of their customer. And I for one think the results can only be positive.

What's particularly interesting to note is that web services are the latest craze in software development. The idea is that the value is not so much in the software itself, but in the service provided. This means that both using and supporting Open Source development can help these companies deliver real value to their customers rather than twiddling their thumbs on problems that are long-solved.

Re:Competition

[Anonymous Brave Guy]

What's particularly interesting to note is that web services are the latest craze in software development.

Sorry, I must have missed that memo. How many major name web services actually make money today?

I would wager that the overwhelming majority of software development is still nothing to do with web services, and moreover that those web services that do have real value to someone are mostly (like a lot of software) written for in-house use and not to make money through the software-as-a-service model. I would also wager that of those businesses set up to operate on a software-as-a-service model, very few actually have healthy growth and a sustainable business plan. Indeed, as with OSS and the "free product, paid support" idea, I expect a few major areas will surely have critical mass, but a whole bunch behind them won't.

Re:Competition

[AKAImBatman]

Sorry, I must have missed that memo. How many major name web services actually make money today?

A lot more than you think, apparently. My last two employers have provided services over the web in the Financial and Health Care industries. They're both rather well-off from that business alone.

A more visible example would be news and blog sites. Quite a few of them make a killing off of advertisements. Their profit models are more difficult to maintain than direct service costs, I'll grant you, but many do well for themselves in spite of the challenges facing them.

On another note, I did just occur to me that I may have caused some confusion by using the term "web services". A lot of people think "SOAP" when they hear that term. While I do know a company or two who charges for access to their SOAP interface (basically, a really fancy remote database interface), I was referring primarily to the delivery of business services over the web. My apologies for any confusion. :-)

Re:Competition

[RAMMS EIN]

``Welcome to competition. Open Source tends to cover the areas where software is well established and should be commoditized. As much as we'd all like to keep charging $250 a copy for a library to unzip files, technology marches on. Commercial providers of technology must work harder to win the dollars of their customer.''

I agree with the first part, but the last sentence isn't necessarily true. I've worked in commercial software development for some time now, and there has been an ongoing shift towards open source libraries and development tools. Open source makes it harder to compete when you are in the business of making that kind of software, but it also provides an incredible boon to software development in general: where you used to have to code up your own frameworks or pay someone else to do it, you can now grab an open source framework from the web. In some cases, you can even develop your whole application by gluing together some open source frameworks.

This, I think, is a really great and really underappreciated success of open source. Using what open source provides us with, we can now make yesteryear's software with less effort. And with the effort that is left, we can build more advanced things.

Re:Competition

[AKAImBatman]

I'm not really sure how you're disagreeing with me. In fact, it sounds like we're on the exact same page. I won't pay for ZIP libraries anymore because I can get Open Source products that do just as good of a job. But I will pay for GarageBand because it's an excellent product with no commoditized equivalent. Similarly, a lot of people pay for Photoshop because it still has a lot of high-end features that GIMP does not replicate. :-)

Re:Competition

[Anonymous Brave Guy]

Ah, OK. If you're talking about anybody providing a service via the web, then sure, it's a significant part of the industry. I assumed you meant Web Services(TM)(R) (patent pending). :-)

Re:Competition

[Anonymous Coward]

MessageLabs

Re:Competition

[rocket22]

Commercial providers of technology must work harder to win the dollars of their customer. And I for one think the results can only be positive.

Yes, I totally agree... OSS is often perceived like a threat for commercial software companies, but in fact they now have to give much more to their customers than what they can get for free.

But with OSS new startups also get a bigger chance to gain a huge user base, and then have an opportunity to enter big corporations who demand both references and a stable user base...

And what exponent?

[winmine]

Seriously, don't get the cynical mathematicians on /. going about hyperbole like "exponential rates".

Well, the exponent could be negative, did you think about that? Huh??

Re:And what exponent?

[JeanBaptiste]

and I for one cannot wait for the O(n log n) fanboys to debunk all this

Re:And what exponent?

[sien]

Another way to express it would be to say it was sigmoidal.

Re:And what exponent?

[jonaskoelker]

Seriously, don't get the cynical mathematicians on /. going about hyperbole like "exponential rates". Assume that transistor count (not CPU speed!) grows as a^n and source code volume grows as b^n. Then each transistor will have to run (b/a)^n units of code. OMG, transistor code load grows at an exponential rate!!!multiplicativeidentity!!!fifthprime!!1!11!booleannegation

The code base is growing

[Soleen]

This is sad that code base of Open Source projects is growing exponentially. Projects become fat ugly and unmanageable. It is also getting harder to debug, port, and even use such programs. http://suckless.org/ has several programs that do their job every well and yet very managable. For example window manager: dwm less than 2K lines of code, is the most feature complete WM I've seen. I've been using it as my main window manager for over year, and was very happy with it. There are few good CLI applications availble that hold approach of been efficient and useful and almost no GUI applications.

Re:The code base is growing

[Bert64]

There are some GUI apps that work well too, you just have to consider if a GUI is the best option for a particular app...
A good example i can think of is "xv", it's a program for viewing images and thus really needs to hook into a GUI of some kind. It hasn't really been updated since 1994, and is quite fast and stable, and most operations can be controlled from keyboard or GUI.

Re:The code base is growing

[malevolentjelly]

For example window manager: dwm less than 2K lines of code, is the most feature complete WM I've seen. Wow, someone created a window manager for time travelers from the late 70's. This is really impressive for under 2,000 lines of code.

There is a great amount of merit to making things attractive and apparently usable. It seems to me that someone decided to implement Plan9's window manager, which is obscure for a reason.

However, I think you'll find more usability embedded in Windows 3.1 or the original Mac OS and most would agree. Since computers are used by humans, not other computers, there's more than reason enough to make robust interfaces that serve the user- and these interfaces can be slim and attractive. See: the original Mac OS.

Re:The code base is growing

[Just Some Guy]

A good example i can think of is "xv", it's a program for viewing images and thus really needs to hook into a GUI of some kind.

For the record, if you didn't know already, xv is shareware and not Free Software. Imagemagick's "display" command is much more recent and under an open source license.

Re:The code base is growing

[fritsd]

Well, the article said that it was most likely only the *number* of projects that was growing exponentially, whereas their *size* (or in your words fat-, ugly- and unmanageable-ness; I know what you mean) was growing something more like quadratically.

Re:The code base is growing

[CAIMLAS]

The code base is not only growing, but a lot of that growth, I think, is due to a number of things:

* Increased project features. This is both a good and bad thing.
* New projects to implement things which haven't been done in open source yet; especially during the "start up" phase of dev, when there is no clear-cut project with momentum/mind share, there's going to be a lot of duplicated effort. And, of course, many of these projects simply get abandoned when efforts are focused.
* More projects. Each project disproportionately decreases the total code base, even if it's (say) just a minimalist version of a larger project (think: all the embedded projects, Xorg/XFree86).
* Abandoned projects which get adopted and picked up, or have their name changed. For instance, gAIM/pidgeon.
* Abandoned projects. I've recently looked into developing/getting some older portable computer hardware (MobilePro 780) working in Linux. There are several projects which are both abandoned and have partial implementation, but are unworkable in their current form (don't build against the available development environments).

So while there certainly is code bloat, I don't doubt that a lot of the "exponential" growth is due to the above stated reasons. It's not all in existing, working distributions. A better way to determine "open source code bloat", I think, would be to examine the existing distributions which contain most/many of the open projects available - like Debian, which has a package for pretty much everything that's reached maturity. I suspect the curve would be much closer to linear than exponential.

What is growing?

[Anonymous Brave Guy]

“Measuring programming progress by lines of code is like measuring aircraft building progress by weight.” — Bill Gates

The rest of us got over this particular naive metric years ago. The fact that lines of OSS code produced are growing exponentially doesn't tell us anything useful about how much useful stuff can now be done with OSS.

Moreover, the rate of growth now is not the interesting thing. The total volume of serious OSS is still relatively small, and so is its growth in absolute terms. The future potential is far more interesting to explore.

For example, if (as TFA tells us) packaged OSS generated revenues of $1.8B in 2006 and this was around 0.7% of total revenue generated from all packaged software sales, then I disagree with the article's claim that the OSS revenue was not trivial compared to the market as a whole. In business terms, 0.7% market share is nothing. On the other hand, if you also say that the OSS revenue is doubling every year while the total remains roughly constant, and you have evidence that this will continue giving exponential growth, then your data suggests that in a few years the OSS revenue very much will be significant.

However, I'm struggling to find data to support those claims on a first quick look at TFA. The pretty pictures just show that the volume of code is going up, which doesn't tell us anything about the value (economic or practical) of what's being written, nor what the future trends for that value are likely to be.

Re:What is growing?

[AKAImBatman]

- FireFox
- Apache Webserver
- Derby Database
- Sun Java Server Application Server (aka Glassfish)
- PDFBox
- TortoiseCVS
- OpenPortal
- Netbeans
- Rhino
- GWT
- POI
- PostgreSQL
- MySQL
- Solaris
- BCEL
- ANT
- FOP
- Rome (RSS)
- FFMPEG
- VLC
- FileZilla
- GIMP
- DOSBox
- QEMU
- Cygwin
- JHDL
- Bouncy Castle
- jTDS
- PHP
- GCC

The list above is an off-the-top-of-my-head list of Open Source projects that I use and rely upon on a regular basis. It has grown significantly over the years, going from a relatively small list of key programs to permeating nearly every aspect of my day-to-day life and work. If you did a similar inventory of the OSS products you use, I wouldn't be surprised if you came up with a similarly growing list.

So while the article may not answer all your questions, some answers can be found by just looking closer to home. :-)

Re:What is growing?

[pembo13]

Let me pad your list a bit with things of the top of my head

• Subversion
• Linux
• MythTV
• OpenOffice.org
• Thunderbird
• Python
• Gtk
• Qt
• SQLite
• Audacity
• VLC
• GCC
• Eclipse
• KDE
• KDEvelop
• Notepad++
• Samba
• NFS
• OpenSSH
• Pidgin
• Inkscape

And thats just the stuff I use regularly.

Re:What is growing?

[Jade E. 2]

The fact that lines of OSS code produced are growing exponentially doesn't tell us anything useful about how much useful stuff can now be done with OSS.

No, but it means we're going to get there eventually. Or haven't you heard the theory that a million code monkeys hammering at random on a million open source projects for infinity will eventually produce user friendly software to complete any imaginable task?

Re:What is growing?

[ZorbaTHut]

Open-source, in my experience, is not particularly good at innovating. It is, however, quite good at commoditizing existing products, and in some notable cases (Firefox) it's good at improving existing systems to be far better than the original version.

Basically, if you make something new and exciting, and it's popular, and it provides a very useful service, but does so extremely badly, it's a prime candidate for being dominated by open-source.

Re:What is growing?

[wellingj]

"Measuring programming progress by lines of code is like measuring aircraft building progress by weight." -- Bill Gates

LOL. That fucker is one to talk. Ad Hominem FTW!

Re:What is growing?

[epine]

The pretty pictures just show that the volume of code is going up, which doesn't tell us anything about the value (economic or practical) of what's being written, nor what the future trends for that value are likely to be. Neither is the GDP a particularly good measure of economic progress, since the figure is quite happy to add a mess to the cost of cleaning up the mess and then tell you that you are quite wealthy.

LOC has the same problem: it will add lines of code creating a bug to lines of code working around the bug.

The purchase of an SUV adds to the GDP more than a less expensive vehicle. The SUV adds yet more to the GDP when it burns more gas to travel the same distance. If that SUV rolls over on the highway two years after purchase and causes one of the occupants to collect $1m in heath benefits through insurance, the GDP rockets upward yet again. GDP has an extremely dim relationship to the *value* of the activity it measures. What you can infer is that the society is wealthy enough that people (some people) actually *have* million dollar health insurance packages, and there is a medical establishment capable of delivering that service.

But the same is true of LOC: you can successfully infer from a project having 1m LOC that the project probably has more than a single core contributor.

In fact, prior to the sub-prime collapse, American economic health metrics were an orgy of double counting. Five to ten years from now the press will be writing stories about how the market has *returned* to the level of 2006, having conveniently forgotten that the numbers from 2006 were fictitious to the point of fraudulence.

If you are taking one figure more seriously than the other, just because one is denominated in dollars (and hence more "real"), you aren't thinking clearly.

Goolsbee remarks late 2006:

The one true dark spot on the US picture is our totally unsustainable fiscal position.

First, you should disregard the official numbers because of the accounting. Some time ago the government got tired of people seeing how much they were actually promising to spend so they switched to cash accounting. Nothing counts as a cost until it is actually spent. So the social security system is bringing in tons of money which it was supposed to use for your retirement. But they don't have to actually start spending money on your retirement for a few years sooooo, they can count the cash coming in as revenue and not count the what they will owe as expenditure. They are almost literally charging money to a credit card and calling it income.

Now if you take the total value of what we are on the hook to pay and the amount that we will raise in taxes, do I really need to tell you that they don't add up? Boy do they not add up. The latest numbers indicate that the net present value over the next 75 years is almost $70 trillion. According to some budget experts, by the standard of a business, the nation is bankrupt. But hey, it's only money.

Re:What is growing?

[dodobh]

It isn't only about revenue growth. If OSS hits at infrastructure components, then a lot of vendors will find that their market is actually shrinking. So while value is being added, the actual size of the software market is no indicator of that value.

Economists have no idea of how to measure value not contributed in money, so a large sharing economy simply goes uncounted. The same phenomenon manifests itself in the (RI|MP)AA announcements of the notional loss due to copyright violations.

Re:What is growing?

[SgtChaireBourne]

Amazing how much of that is a knock-off of commercial products.

It's also amazing how many of those are commercial products. It's also amazing how many commercial products are knock-offs of the FOSS tools.

In other words FOSS has been part of the market for longer than you been tying your shoes yourself.

Re:What is growing?

[drspliff]

PHP
Perl
Xterm
XFCE
FUSE
OpenJDK
Claws Mail
Bash
ImageMagik
Asterisk
Wine
etc.

And I'm still finding fantastic projects on Sourceforge & Freshmeat nearly every day... with the result being that the whole software "ecosystem" that I live in is open-source, apart from Photoshop :)

Re:What is growing?

[Bert64]

But you are talking about packaged OSS, a very significant portion of OSS users don't buy packaged software, and it's very hard to quantify the number of people downloading and redistributing.
Many organizations will download one copy, and then use it on several machines too. The OSS model doesn't really fit in with traditional market revenue stats.

Re:What is growing?

[EWIPlayer]

Has anyone thought to ask what closed source is doing? Is it growing exponentially as well? Is it growing faster? Without something to compare it to, saying that OSS is growing exponentially is about as significant as saying it's growing linearly and all the best programmers have long hair.

Re:What is growing?

[Basilius]

Two more significant solutions:

• Scribus
• Alfresco

Re:What is growing?

[malevolentjelly]

Open-source, in my experience, is not particularly good at innovating. Ha, you got mod-attacked for making that observation. You're absolutely right, though. Open source projects are generally like Communist Russian product utilities. You're not allowed to make this observation on slashdot. On slashdot, Open Source is vastly superior to commercial software in all cases- but it's kept down by some sort of shadowy conspiracy. Remember that when you post.

Re:What is growing?

[SatanicPuppy]

Missed a couple of my favs:

• Snort
• nmap
• Squid
• Emacs
• Tomcat
• Perl
• Hylafax
• Ethereal
• Ghostscript
• Sendmail
• rsync
• ImageMagick

Re:What is growing?

[Blakey Rat]

"Bouncy Castle?"

But, seriously, all this tells me is that open source geeks use open source. Duh.

How about a survey of the average computer user, to find what open source apps they use? Getting data like this from Slashdot doesn't do anybody any good, and doesn't tell us anything useful.

Re:What is growing?

[AKAImBatman]

"Bouncy Castle?"

Bouncy Castle: http://www.bouncycastle.org/

Best crypto lib this side of the solar system. :-)

But, seriously, all this tells me is that open source geeks use open source. Duh.

That matters not. Just as all those open standards and government-provided data improves the quality of products in traditional industries, Open Source improves the level of quality in technological services. Joe Average doesn't really care how that PDF he's using came to be, but the engineers who created the solution he's using were able to quickly and effectively meet his needs thanks to FOP and PDFBox.

Similarly, Jane Average doesn't care that the news she's getting was parsed from an RSS feed using Rome, she just knows that she gets her news and she's happy.

So yay for Open Source! Providing better solutions in a modern world. :-)

Re:What is growing?

[fritsd]

As long as that imaginable task involves a depressed prince in Helsingør?

Re:What is growing?

[call-me-kenneth]

MuleSource

Re:What is growing?

[call-me-kenneth]

Yes, but it does tell us something about the quantity of programmer cycles going into Free and Open Source software. That obviously isn't a perfect correlation with "net usefulness" or "value to the economy from FOSS" or such, but it does tell us something.

Re:What is growing?

[Anonymous Brave Guy]

The list above is an off-the-top-of-my-head list of Open Source projects that I use and rely upon on a regular basis. It has grown significantly over the years, going from a relatively small list of key programs to permeating nearly every aspect of my day-to-day life and work. If you did a similar inventory of the OSS products you use, I wouldn't be surprised if you came up with a similarly growing list.

Sure, I use plenty of OSS, and I'm grateful to those who have contributed to it and then given it away for the benefit of others.

However, the list certainly isn't growing exponentially. There are a few major applications I use frequently — Firefox, Thunderbird, OpenOffice, a few programming-related tools — but I've been using these for a while. I won't need two web browsers next year, four the year after, and eight by 2011.

As I've often observed in these Slashdot discussions, OSS has a few well-known success stories, but when you look at where the priority is, it's always focussed on the same relatively small number of projects. This is, perhaps, almost inevitable given the nature of the beast: volunteers will tend to concentrate their efforts on things that matter to them, which means mass-(geek-)market commodity things like programming tools and Linux and multimedia utilities attract a lot of help and attention, but most other projects don't.

People have listed several dozen of the better known OSS titles in this thread, perhaps trying to convince me that I'm wrong about the lack of evidence for growth in OSS provided by TFA or something. The thing is, I've never disputed that there is growth in the major OSS projects. I'm simply arguing that the article doesn't show that the world of OSS as a whole is growing (by any useful metric) in the same way.

Also, for what it's worth, I think there's sometimes a lack of perspective among Slashdot posters about just how big and diverse the software world is. I don't know whether the parent poster is one of them, but it's a feeling I get from this discussion generally. To put things in perspective, I'd say this thread mentions most of the best-known OSS today. And yet, there are commercial software products that have probably shipped more units alone than all the OSS titles mentioned in this entire thread put together. Pick any major field such as business management, or CAD/CAM/CAE, or games, and there are orders of magnitude more commercial, closed source titles available right now than all the OSS mentioned in this thread put together, and that's just "off-the-shelf software" to make it a fair comparison given the context of this discussion. I'm not bashing the OSS world here, just asking that we keep a sense of perspective in these discussions and try to avoid too much hyperbole.

Re:What is growing?

[Serious Lemur]

"Measuring programming progress by lines of code is like measuring aircraft building progress by weight." -- Bill Gates

This from the man whose company produces an operating system with over 50 million lines of code. It isn't an Airbus 380, it's just 380 buses bolted together.

so is my bank account

[nguy]

My bank account is also growing exponentially, at 1% interest. That doesn't make me rich any time soon.

Exppnential growth is a meaningless property since many things grow exponentially, many of them quite slowly. What matters is the growth rate and any upper limits to growth.

Re:so is my bank account

[Lehk228]

unless your interest rate is a linear function of your balance, your bank account is growing at a polynomial rate not an exponential rate x^c vs. x^(cx-k)

Re:so is my bank account

[Lehk228]

disregard that. Note to self, avoid math threads while drinking.

Re:so is my bank account

[Sique]

It still grows at an exponential rate because you get also interest on the interest of last year.

Re:so is my bank account

[maxume]

I bet that the exponential growth from the 1% interest is a poor global model of your bank account, but that it is a good approximation between transactions.

The point? The overall model isn't quite meaningless.

Re:so is my bank account

[Lehk228]

i already relized that a few moments after posting.

http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=487206&cid=22748542

Reminds me of an infinite number of chimpanzees...

[ruinevil]

typing away on an equivalent number of typewriters over their lifetime (~40 years).... at least one of them will have typed the complete works of Shakespeare.

This is terrible news

[eln]

At this rate, it's only a matter of time before Open Source achieves sentience and turns on its creators.

Re:This is terrible news

[Spy der Mann]

At this rate, it's only a matter of time before Open Source achieves sentience and turns on its creators.

Knowing the slashdot crowd, it'll take more than a few curves to do that. Oh, wait...

Re:This is terrible news

[EvilRyry]

turns on its creators

I think that's illegal in most parts of the civilized world.

It's not negative.

[jd]

It's i.

Re:It's not negative.

[tepples]

It's i.

So in other words, it goes up and down periodically, right?

(Explanation for those who fell asleep during precalculus: If i = sqrt(-1), then e^(i * x) = cos(x) + i * sin(x). So exponential growth at an imaginary rate would oscillate.)

Re:It's not negative.

[Maint_Pgmr_3]

You're just imagining things

Re:Reminds me of an infinite number of chimpanzees

[bstadil]

Not really. If you all the atoms in the known universe and make chimpanzees out of them and have them type from the start 13.74B years ago until now you would not have 1 sonnet. You wouldn't even need Chimpanzees. You could just claim every book ever written or that ever will be written is already available. Just find them in the Universal library, holding all the permutation of letters and punctuations. If you think the latter is silly you probably should accept the silliness of the former.

I've looked at Ohloh...

[adamkennedy]

... and as far as I can tell, most of that growth is all the huge non-modular spaghetti PHP web projects forking endlessly into new varients. I'd like to see that code growth analyzed by unique lines of code or something that factors out all the cut and pasting.

Signal to Noise Ratio

[DaveV1.0]

Ok, so the code base is growing exponentially. Big fucking deal. Last I checked the signal to noise ratio was so high, it was ridiculous. For every decent quality Open Source project, there are thousands of half-assed attempts to reinvent the wheel. And, you all know the projects I am talking about. The finished projects with a three page bug list and a last version that is over two years old because all the developers left after the "sexy" code was written.

Re:Signal to Noise Ratio

[pembo13]

Please explain how this is not true for non open-source software. I don't see failed projects/programs being at all unique to open-source. At most, it is just more visible.

Re:Signal to Noise Ratio

[darkvizier]

Signal to noise ratio is obviously only affected by what you see. You don't see the closed source projects that fail because... they're closed source. A binary dies out a lot faster than a source code repository sitting up on source forge, because a binary has no further potential, and if it doesn't do what it's supposed to then it has no use at all. The usefulness of source code is more ambiguous...

I do think sites like sourceforge should... not delete, but at least archive content that is no longer being worked on. This would drastically reduce the amount of noise.

Re:Reminds me of an infinite number of chimpanzees

[Anonymous Coward]

Not really. Even if you take all the atoms in the known universe you do not have sufficient materials to make an infinite number of chimpanzees.

Is it really a good thing?

[Xest]

Whilst I'd love to believe this is great news, I have to wonder how many of those projects are things like "just another PHP content management system". Is Open source really beginning to take off in areas it was previously very weak or are these new projects just rehashes of the same old tired ideas?

If it's the former then this is indeed fantastic news and I hope the trend continues.

Re:Is it really a good thing?

[RAMMS EIN]

Open source is growing. Twenty years ago, virtually nobody had heard about it. Ten years ago, all the cool kids were talking about it, but few people were using it, and companies usually used it in secret. Now, open source is virtually everywhere. All the major players in the computer world are using it and advertising that they are. It's in many home routers. Most organizations I have been to in the past years have at least a Linux box somewhere. The one company I've visited that didn't was a Microsoft shop that developed using the latest Microsoft tools and a bunch of open source libraries. Few people know what open source is, but more and more people have interacted with it in some way.

Linux, Apache, Firefox? The number of people using those is enormous. Perl, PHP, and MySQL are huge, too. And now Java is going open source, which means that a huge part of commercial software development will be done using open source (to the extent that this wasn't true already; think JBoss, Ant, et al.)

Last, but not least, open source is on the desktop. And I don't just mean the odd geek who runs Linux on his desktop. I've already mentioned Firefox, but let's not forget that everybody who uses a Mac uses open source.

Really, open source is all around us.

Re:Is it really a good thing?

[Anonymous Coward]

The only thing really 'open' about Mac OS is the sphincters of rabid Jobians as they bend over to get ass raped yet again by Apple.

Re:Reminds me of an infinite number of chimpanzees

[n3tcat]

Or the complete kernel of windows. Chimps fling poo, Microsoft coders fling gooey.

Re:Reminds me of an infinite number of chimpanzees

[aproposofwhat]

I know it's conjecture but doesn't pi have all you will ever need somewhere in it?

No simians required (or should that be: we don't need no steenking simians?).

we've been warned...

[rarel]

- The Open Source Funding Bill is passed. The system goes online August 4th, 2008. Linus' decisions are removed from strategic project. Ubuntu begins to learn at a geometric rate. It becomes self-aware at 2:14 a.m. Eastern time, August 29th. In a panic, Stallman tries to pull the plug.
- Ubuntu fights back.
- Yes. It launches its worms against the targets in IBM mainframes.
- Why attack IBM? Aren't they our friends now?
- Because Ubuntu knows the IBM counter-attack will eliminate its enemies over here.

Lockout chip business model

[tepples]

If this code you want to reuse is GPL, then the author clearly didn't want you packaging up his code into a closed source game and selling it... You still have the choice of releasing it as GPL and still selling it The GPLv3 is compatible with selling copies, and it is also compatible with selling copies bundled with proprietary non-program assets such as textures, models, maps, sound effects, and music. But its requirement to provide Installation Information is not compatible with the licenses for the lockout chips in all four major consoles (PS2, PS3, Xbox 360, Wii) and both major handhelds (DS, PSP).

Re:freedom and the GPL

[mr_mischief]

Stop whining already and write your own versions of everything from scratch or using a BSD-alike license. It's not evil for someone who writes software to tell you you can't blatantly rip off their work.

Commercial libraries often are far more "viral". They often have per-copy royalties. They often say you can't reveal the source of any part of your application using the library to a third party, for fear their API will get out and be cloned. People who have licensed commercial libraries and source code to build a project often have a hard time opening the source either BSD or GPL later. In some cases, they even have trouble contributing to a competing open-source project ( see SCO vs. IBM ).

If you want a good virus analogy, how about the BSD raiders? Those people who take and take from BSD or similarly licensed software for closed-source projects (often shrink-wrapped products on which they make a killing) without ever giving a line of code back are very much like a virus. They go around producing more closed-source software. When they find a piece of open-sourced software they can commandeer for their own purposes, they do so. Then they go on to make more closed-source software using what was meant to be open-source software. A virus goes around, waiting to fall into some foreign body where it can infiltrate a cell and turn the cell's work against the foreign body to produce and spread more virus. See the analogy?

The GPL, OTOH, doesn't turn other existing software into GPL. Some BSD code might be included in a GPL project, and the changes to that might be called GPL, but that's bad form on the part of the people doing that. The proper way to borrow BSD code for a GPL project is to modularize BSD code and contribute the changes needed to make the module back to the BSD community, then connect to that module from your GPL code in a different source file.

In the case of writing a new application around a bit of GPL, nobody's forcing you to use that GPled code as a starting point. If you're taking advantage of that code, the law (not just RMS) says you're (probably) making a derivative work. In court, a judge might make decisions about scope and size. If you're not a judge or at least a damn good lawyer, it's not really smart to gamble on that. If you write a clone from documentation, then it's not derivative (but don't steal the documentation against its license -- you might have to write your own without quoting directly).

I write software for a living. Some of my original stuff has a proprietary license. Some of my original stuff is BSD or public domain. Some is GPL. I use a lot of GPL code in some situations and I have no issue passing the code on to customers. My customers aren't generally other programmers, but I figure if they can find me and hire me, then they can find and hire another programmer in the future. That's freedom for the end user, because if I sell the customer a closed-source, proprietary application then their new programmer can't do anything with it. I often contribute back to the central project maintainers. In all, the work that the GPL has saved me has far outweighed the work I've invested in my return contributions. I don't consider that a bad deal.

Let me think...

[jd]

It ends up in the most extraordinary, improbable circumstances. It's hunted by fudd. It survives anything thrown at it. Nyahhhhhhhhhh. What's up,*.doc?

Subtle critical flaw in your logic there ...

[Zero__Kelvin]

"You still have the choice of releasing it as GPL and still selling it, most games players won't go to the trouble of downloading and compiling the source themselves."

Actually, only one person needs to download and compile the source (for each platform.) He can then post the resultant binary for others to download and run.

Re:freedom and the GPL

[WNight]

Wah! Wah! They won't give you everything totally for free.

If you want a clue what a virus is, go catch SARS. You don't have to explicitly link it into your DNA, it does that for you if someone else nearby has it. Then it kills you. Fucking retard.

We have multiple terms for a reason. If you mean self-perpetuating, just say that. You'd still be wrong, as the GPL is just some words in a file. It doesn't do anything, perpetuating or not. Programmers who think RMS's code sharing is a good idea perpetuate it, often even if they aren't using any GPLed code themselves.

Re:freedom and the GPL

[Mr. Jaggers]

A virus goes around, waiting to fall into some foreign body where it can infiltrate a cell and turn the cell's work against the foreign body to produce and spread more virus. See the analogy?

The GPL, OTOH, doesn't turn other existing software into GPL.

So, other than the BSD (and other essentially public-domain code with hardly any protections to speak of), it's true the the GPL affects new code development primarily.

Interesting. It seems the GPL takes "base materials" (non-code, such as time, programmers, coffee, etc.) and turns it into more GPL code. So, the GPL is really more bacterial than viral. It spreads, and clones slight variants, etc, but it doesn't make non-GPL code into GPL code, so it really can't be viral.

It Better Be!

[Anonymous Coward]

>> Open Source Growing At an Exponential Rate

Also just in, the number of programmers in the work is growing at an exponential rate!
Oh and in other news, the number of people alive in the world is growing at an exponential rate.

It pretty worthless to say unless you feel like specifying a rate.

Re:Reminds me of an infinite number of chimpanzees

[Titoxd]

While I get your point, he is actually right. "Infinite" is the key here.

Signal to Noise Ratio Low not High

[butlerm]

That is a low signal to noise ratio, not a high one.

Re:Reminds me of an infinite number of chimpanzees

[bstadil]

It is not that I didn't understand the concept of infinite. The point I was trying to make is that the idea of using infinite to illuminate something anchored in this universe is flawed, if not outright wrong. Another poster made the point that every book ever written or that ever will be written is already embedded in PI, I think that observation elucidates the point equally well. Your rebuttal in not needed as I can just look it up in e.

How much open source are you using? A new project

[twasserman]

There's a new Open Source Census project that lets you identify the open source programs that you are running on your machine. Go to the project at http://ossdiscovery.org/ to download the OSS Discovery client (a Ruby program) to see what open source programs and components are on your machine. If you are the author of a distributed open source component, you can add a "fingerprint" to the discovery database so that your project can also be found.