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$4 Million In Fines For Linking To Infringing Files

I Don't Believe in Imaginary Property writes "The MPAA won judgments totaling $4M against two sites which merely link to infringing content. They're not arguing that it's an infringement of their distribution right, like the RIAA has with their 'making available' argument. Instead, they got the sites for 'contributory copyright infringement', just like RIAA v. LimeWire. To translate all that legalese into English, search engines which primarily index copyright-infringing material and the people who run them may not be safe in the US. That applies even if the sites in question do not host any infringing materials, participate in, or encourage the infringement done by their users. And, even honoring DMCA notices in order to take advantage of the DMCA Safe Harbor provisions hasn't prevented the **AA from suing."

23 of 317 comments (clear)

  1. Copywrong. by Odder · · Score: 5, Interesting

    So now any service can be DoS'd by the RIAA and MPAA. You know they will stuff any independent index with their crappy content and so destroy all alternative distribution channels.

    1. Re:Copywrong. by palegray.net · · Score: 5, Insightful

      This is actually something I hadn't considered before. Say some industry thugs go out and find some techno-thugs who just happen to operate in a jurisdiction outside the reach of U.S. law and monitoring. Said techno-thugs inherit big bags of money for all the infringing content they can get placed on competing independent distribution systems alongside "legitimate" tracks.

      Unfortunately for them, said independent distribution guys just happen to be inside U.S. jurisdiction. Bad day...

    2. Re:Copywrong. by Kjella · · Score: 5, Insightful
      Index stuffing doesn't quite do it, as far as I can tell from TFA.

      both were found guilty of contributory copyright infringement, according to the judges' opinions, because they searched for, identified, collected, and indexed links to illegal copies of movies and TV shows. That goes quite a bit beyond mere running a forum, that's actively seeking out illegal content and indexing it up for others to download (probably with some ad revenue for your trouble). I don't know what kind of site they was, but it's far between the "there's a bunch of torrent links" and "here's a sorted index by TV show with verified links without fakes or dupes that we compiled". The former is one of "meh, we can't control everything our users do" while the latter is "here's a service we offer specificly to help you all find pirated stuff", and clearly the latter is exactly what contributory copyright infringement is supposed to cover.

      I mean, apart from these sites do you know any other site that so blatantly and directly markets themselves to people breaking the law? It'd be on the level of a water pipe store with a posted map to nearby pot salesmen. Aside from my feelings on copyright, if something first is illegal I think there should be limits to how far you can go assisting them, marketing to them, turning a blind eye to them and so on. Whether you call that "aiding and abetting", "conspiracy" or "contributory infringement" is more of a legal issue, but clearly some of these sites overstep what I'd consider natural. It's like seeing a gun marketed as "Cop killer*" and in 2pt font "*only applicable when said cop is on drugs, shooting wildly around him and shooting him would be in self-defense". Some of the piracy sites are equally blatant, like "Get the latest TV shows here*" and in 2pt font "*no responsibility for 3rd party content."
      --
      Live today, because you never know what tomorrow brings
    3. Re:Copywrong. by Odder · · Score: 5, Informative

      Anyone can be shut down with this, not just "thugs". Google's YouTube service has been in the crosshairs for a while now. All the legacy copyright owners have to do is stuff the channel to shut it down. Copyright must be changed to prevent that kind of denial of service. One of PJ's first entries was about P2P and industry's fear of a richer world.

    4. Re:Copywrong. by Odder · · Score: 4, Interesting

      You are stepping around the issue by claiming these companies "actively" indexed content owned by the MPAA. The issue is that any service can be stuffed by the MPAA. If you bother to index it and eliminate duplicates and noise files, you will get burnt. Indexing should be allowed and sharing should be allowed. You can't have those things and give copyright holders the ability to police things. What you are left with is a rather stark choice: freedom or copyright. There may be some middle ground, such a allowing personal copy, but it's hard to imagine a way to enforce copyright that won't sabotage everyone's network freedom, free press and free speech.

    5. Re:Copywrong. by JPLemme · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I agree.

      Breaking the law and then complaining that the punishment is unfair because it leans too heavily in favor of corporate interests is not the right way to go about it. The right way is to refuse to purchase the *AA's products (thus depriving them of ammunition), and then becoming politically active about IP policy.

      This isn't a situation where you need to break the law to make a living or to feed your kids. It's just music and movies. Learn to play the piano. Go see a play.

      (And to strike pre-emptively, yes I know that the entire system is unfair and tilted against the little guy. But for all its warts this is the best system so far devised. And when enough people get angry the politicians will jump on the populist bandwagon, too.)

  2. Google is likely to sued real soon as well as many by Joe+The+Dragon · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Google is likely to sued real soon as well as many other web sites.

  3. Re:Google is likely to sued real soon as well as m by UnxMully · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I see this as a very bad thing all around. Surely the point of search engines is that they provide access to all corners of teh interweb and can only do this by hitting every site and indexing it. If they become responsible for the content on those sites, or rather not providing links to "illegal" content, how do they continue to provide that access when they may potentially have to vet every link they index?

    OK, so they can filter but surely that's as much of a minefield as indexing everything? Imagine the law suits when their filtering algorithms start excluding one company and include their opposition.

    Not sure I like the sound of this.

  4. Re:Google is likely to sued real soon as well as m by reebmmm · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Well, no. These sites' purpose and content consisted substantially of indexing and enabling the search for unlawful copies of copyrighted works. While Google certainly has some capability to do this as well, I don't think most people would see that as a substantial portion of their content or their purpose.

    This case really isn't that surprising.

  5. If I am reading this correctly by doomedpr0digy · · Score: 5, Insightful

    This will break the internet.

  6. Stardock and Starforce by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Interesting

    So, does this mean that when Starforce posted a link to a pirated copy of Galactic Civilizations II to try to encourage Stardock to use their copy protection (http://games.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=06/03/11/2049230), they opened themselves up to a lawsuit from Stardock?
     
    I'd love to see a company that is part of the problem get snared by the laws that they were pushing for themselves.

  7. Re:Google is likely to sued real soon as well as m by palegray.net · · Score: 5, Interesting

    OK, so they can filter but surely that's as much of a minefield as indexing everything? Imagine the law suits when their filtering algorithms start excluding one company and include their opposition. No, they can't filter without running a much higher risk of being held responsible for the content. Google's "SafeSearch" feature sort of skirts the fine edge of this reasoning, but hasn't been challenged yet (i.e. Google getting sued because someone found kiddie porn being "make available" via their search engine). Their broad filtering of search results in some non-U.S. markets might be "iffy" as well.

    Although not meeting the strict legal definition as such, search engine providers like Google could conceivably angle for the protections afforded common carriers.
  8. Re:Google is likely to sued real soon as well as m by Opportunist · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Don't think so. The ??AAs are much like school bullies. They prefer picking on the weaker kids, they rarely try it on the ones that can push back.

    --
    We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
  9. Re:Google is likely to sued real soon as well as m by Da+Fokka · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Of course not. **AA would be crazy to try to take on Google. Their case would be much weaker for two reasons. First of all, Google has the cash to put together a stellar legal team. They would do so, because linking to stuff is pretty much at the center of the business model. Second of all, Google links to all kinds of content, of which infringing content is just one, while ShowStash and Cinematube primarily linked to infringing content.

  10. digital TV... by 3seas · · Score: 4, Interesting

    I have a 32" working just fine non digital TV and don't have cable but use an antenna. I have no intention on getting a converter box or new TV. But I'll use the TV for DVD's and VHS, for which I buy inexpensive previewed media.

    Since I'm no longer going to support the broadcast markets, including PBS, its advertisers and won't buy new media, there is one obvious things that is going to happen.

    The MPAA is going to really get spoiled baby scream noisy and make all sorts of claims about piracy destroying their business when this digital only broadcast TV switch happens. From this they will pursue any and all non-authorized outlets, further isolating the property of their scope, away from me.

    But the fact of the matter is, it is the entertainment industry attacking consumers, that is the biggest turn off, where the digital TV switchover will be turning off the set for the consumer, whom will not turn it back on so quickly...

    Out of sight, out of mind.

  11. oblig by Fallen+Andy · · Score: 4, Interesting
    First they came for the indirect links and I did nothing. Then they came for the doubly indirect links and...

    Think about it. If a site links to a site which links to illegal content?

    This nonsense needs to be stopped real soon now. (OR inject "offending" links into **AA company members websites and let them sue each other to death).

    ... and here is a little thought experiment for all my fellow programmers etc. out there - consider a "torrent" which is supposedly a movie. If you only seed blank frames (but claim you have the whole movie), then you aren't violating anyone's copyright (since every movie has blank frames). So, no one can say it's their movie (you're lying about the actual content but since no money is involved I guess not fraudulent in a legal sense (IANAL).).

    Same principle should work for most programs if done carefully. (consider the code from the C etc. run time library).

    On a large enough scale the resultant false accusations and legal actions from the **AA could get them into serious trouble.

    Andy

  12. Re:Google is likely to sued real soon as well as m by nihaopaul · · Score: 4, Insightful

    easy, find an XSS vulnerability in either the MPAA or the RIAA site and link it to copyrighted material, then also target government websites with the same XSS vulnerability and do the same, repeat over again until change.

  13. Re:Google is likely to sued real soon as well as m by Dragoon412 · · Score: 4, Insightful
    Actually, it is. What does Google link to that isn't copyrighted? For example, try a Google Image Search for virtually any topic you can think of, and you get Google-created thumbnailed versions of copyrighted works that link directly to the often-infringing images themselves.

    Our copyright in the US works largely on the owners' good graces, apathy, and ignorance. Copyright infringement, in a technical sense, happens constantly. And not just from music and movie downloaders, but ordinary people. Tattoos of cartoon characters, playing some popular song on your guitar, hosting images someone else created on your own server.

    This may, in fact, have appeared on Slashdot before, but John Tehranian, a law professor at the University of Utah, estimates that a typical person could easily rack up $12.45 million in copyright liability doing ordinary things like sending email, sketching on a notepad, the afore-mentioned cartoon tattoo, writing poetry, and singing "Happy Birthday." And then there's this:

    At the end of the day, John checks his mailbox, where he finds the latest issue of an artsy hipster rag to which he subscribes. The 'zine, named Found, is a nationally distributed quarterly that collects and catalogues curious notes, drawings, and other items of interest that readers find lying in city streets, public transportation, and other random places. In short, Jogn has purchased a magazine containing the unauthorized reproduction, distribution, and public display of fifty copyrighted notes and drawings. His knowing, material contribution to Found's fifty acts of infringment subjects Jogn to secondary liability in the amount of $7.5 million.

    You can find the entirety of Professor Tehranian's article in PDF here.

    The entire structure of our copyright law in the US is based on what strikes me as being the courts' absolutely blind willingness to enforce laws, the language of which criminalizes the day-to-day acts of normal people, and therefore makes the system open to the sort of hyper-technical abuse characterized in the article.

    Of course, our national legislators are to blame for the sloppy language, not the courts. But the courts are still the agents enforcing these laws that just fly in the face of any reasonable or well-considered social policy.
  14. Re:Freedom is more important than profit. by Znork · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Personal and verbatim, non commercial copy should be allowed.

    And commercial copying should simply be taxed and the revenues handed to the creator of the copied work (to the extent with which such creative works need to be funded and monetized beyond other incentives). The whole monopoly aspect is what prevents and hampers the creation of wealth and flow of information. It needs to go.

    It's annoying that many politicians in capitalistic countries can see the economic market damage created by state-run monopolies, but somehow fail to acknowledge the same damage caused when you hand out state-sponsored monopolies to private interests.

  15. Re:If you can't do the time... by nurb432 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Except that *linking* should NOT be considered a crime, regardless of how you view IP rights.

    That is as bad as simply writing a book on how to make an explosive device and being sued into nonexistence.

    --
    ---- Booth was a patriot ----
  16. Re:Freedom is more important than profit. by Original+Replica · · Score: 4, Insightful

    The whole monopoly aspect is what prevents and hampers the creation of wealth and flow of information.

    The whole monopoly aspect is what controls and channels wealth and information. This doesn't have anything to do with protecting the artists, it has everything to do with protecting the artist's overlords ability to control and profit from the artists in their stable.

    --
    We are all just people.
  17. Re:Freedom is more important than profit. by NormalVisual · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I have no embarassment whatsoever in telling musicians and moviemarkers that they've cultivated a disgusting and immoral entitlement mentality in expecting to get paid for the rest of their lives for each work they produce.

    I'm a software developer. I write thousands of lines of code every year. I've probably written well in excess of a million lines of code since I started doing this. And you know what? I was paid for writing each one of those, with no expectation of continuing profits until I die. I can point to lots and lots of places where the people that employed me made quite a bit of money from my code. I really don't have a problem with that, even though I'd say that the majority of programmers, tech writers, and other creative folks who produced copyrighted work for hire provide a lot more benefit to society that the majority of musicians and filmmakers. Why should some high-school dropout with no useful skills other than wailing (off-pitch, no less) into a microphone expect to be any different? Similarly, why should any corporation expect that?

    --
    Please stand clear of the doors, por favor mantenganse alejado de las puertas
  18. Re:Freedom is more important than profit. by Tweenk · · Score: 4, Insightful
    You're repeating a standard fallacy of copyright die-hards - that intangible property is exactly the same as tangible property. Your argument falls apart when you consider that music is not the same as land. Let's say you wrote a piece of music. You can duplicate the notes and give them to a friend. Now you both have that piece of music and enjoy it in its fullness. On the other hand, if you have a car and share it with a friend, neither of you will be able to take full advantage of it.

    So if I spend 3 years of my life writing music, that's tough shit, I don't actually 'own' it at all. I get 3 years wages. Exactly. Can you own a musical composition? What about a graphical design? An algorithm? A mathematical formula? A number? This is not a trivial question. Additionally, if you couldn't own music but could be paid for creating it, it would foster even more creativity than the current system. Consider e.g. the Tolkien estate - they're still raking in profits from J.R.R.'s works while providing nothing to the society in return. We're essentially paying them an allowance, because their grandfather happened to be a great writer. If they couldn't profit from Tolkien's immaterial works, they would be more inclined to write something themselves, or at least get a job. This is very different from somebody inheriting material property or a profitable company - the company still benefits the society, and material wealth needs to be sold in order to make money from it, therefore benefiting the buyer.
    --
    Those who would give up liberty to obtain working drivers, deserve neither liberty nor working drivers.