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Stonehenge As a Royal Family's Burial Site

mikesd81 sends in a report from Newsday about radiocarbon dating of cremated bones excavated from Britain's Stonehenge that, an archeologist said, has solved part of the ancient mystery surrounding the 5,000-year-old site: It was a burial ground for what may have been the country's first royal dynasty. No word on how this work relates to the "Neolithic Lourdes" theory we discussed earlier. "The new dates indicate burials began at least 500 years before the first massive stones were erected at the site and continued after it was completed... The pattern and relatively small number of the graves suggest all were members of a single family. The findings provide the first substantive evidence that a line of kings ruled at least a portion of southern England during this early period. They exerted enough power to mobilize manpower necessary to move the massive stones from as far as 150 miles away and [maintained] that power for at least five centuries, said archaeologist Mike Parker Pearson of the University of Sheffield, leader of current excavations at the site... His findings will also appear in the June issue of National Geographic and in the television special "Stonehenge Decoded," to be shown Sunday."

124 comments

  1. south yorkshire by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    south yorkshire

  2. Alright!! An article about... by Hankapobe · · Score: 3, Funny

    Spinal Tap's stage background!

    1. Re:Alright!! An article about... by bobmarleypeople · · Score: 1

      Where the dew drops cry and the cats meow I will take you there, I will show you how

    2. Re:Alright!! An article about... by mstahl · · Score: 1

      Thanks. Now I'll never get that song out of my head!

  3. But... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    They were aliens, right? Or time travelers? Or... mutants? COME ON! Give me something here...

    1. Re:But... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      the aliens, the mutants and the heretics, yeah right

    2. Re:But... by K.+S.+Kyosuke · · Score: 1

      They were time-travelling mutated alien kernel hackers. Does that comfort you?

      --
      Ezekiel 23:20
  4. Pffft.. by hansraj · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    I know a better theory. It was built by early transvestites. Watch the excellent commentary of the well known historian Eddie Izzard.

    Note to the humorless ninja mods who are already brandishing their mod points at this post threatening to mod it troll or so, the proper mod for this post is funny. Of course that would just waste your mod points since it doesn't affect my karma so if this part of the post applies to you (that is if you are a humorless ninja mod) then don't click on the link (hey! it's slashdot) and mod this post insightful or informative or underrated (see it says "historian" in the link?).

    1. Re:Pffft.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Considering that most of your post is talking about the moderation system of Slashdot instead of this article (3:1), the proper moderation would be -1 Offtopic.

    2. Re:Pffft.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      0wn3d.

  5. Why Stonehenge? by Richard_at_work · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Its always baffled me why Stonehenge gets all the attention, when there's a much more impressive stone circle and causeway monument four times the size only 20 miles away at Avebury - and its hardly been investigated!

    1. Re:Why Stonehenge? by kestasjk · · Score: 5, Interesting

      It doesn't look as impressive, and is almost completely ruined, whereas stonehenge has always survived to some degree.
      I'm not sure why you consider Avebury more impressive. I've been to both as a child and I was more impressed by stonehenge.

      That having been said there are more impressive burial sites, which are earth mounds which have caves that go underground, and are lit up by natural light only on certain days of the year.
      They were certainly more impressive to visit, if not visually impressive.

      --
      // MD_Update(&m,buf,j);
    2. Re:Why Stonehenge? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I think there's just generally more folk stories and spiritualist hippie bullshit surrounding Stonehenge, plus it's near a main road. I would imagine the residents of Avebury have done their best to stop thousands of tourists pouring into their small village every year.

    3. Re:Why Stonehenge? by wass · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Avebury's circle is larger in area, but Stonehenge has a much denser organization of sarsen stones, and just looks much more majestic IMHO. Additionally, Stonehenge has actual henge stones (ie, the top crosspieces), which originally circled the whole structure but only a few still remain intact.

      Also, the Stonehenge sarsens were transported from their quarries several hundred miles away, which is pretty amazing and makes you seriously wonder what the hell was so special about this site to justify such a long haul.

      But maybe I'm biased, as my wife and I just visited Stonehenge about two months ago on our honeymoon.

      --

      make world, not war

    4. Re:Why Stonehenge? by yakumo.unr · · Score: 2, Interesting

      The stones are considerably larger at Stonehenge, and the origin of how the stone itself was brought there was a puzzle in itself. Avebury is a very special and different place, and those that prefer it don't tend to want to shout about it too much it as they don't want to draw the attention to it, so it stays that way.

    5. Re:Why Stonehenge? by Richard_at_work · · Score: 5, Informative

      You went to both as a child? Go back as an adult and I guarantee you will change your mind. Stonehenge looks like it does because it has been rebuilt several times in the past 100 years - whether they actually are representative of how they stood thousands of years go is still subject to discussion.

      The best thing about Avebury is that its not a stage managed tourist trap - you simply park your car and go wandering, you can even touch the stones if you wish and theres no entrance fee. The sheer size of the monument is fantastic.

    6. Re:Why Stonehenge? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "whereas stonehenge has always survived to some degree."

      Look at the paintings of Stonehenge from the 17th to early 19th centuries. The Stonehenge you see today is as genuine as Disney World. It's a phony tourist trap, just like Newgrange.

    7. Re:Why Stonehenge? by fan+of+lem · · Score: 1

      I am curious about these other burial sites you mentioned. Care to share which they are?

      Oh - and I would like to subscribe to your newsletter.

    8. Re:Why Stonehenge? by Gordonjcp · · Score: 2, Informative

      If you want the really good stuff, you need to go to Orkney.

    9. Re:Why Stonehenge? by kestasjk · · Score: 0

      I'm not impressed by the snobby "I like what tourists don't like" argument. How you can describe an ancient monument a tourist trap is beyond me.
      It's just stonehenge and a barrier to try and stop people ruining it by touching the stones, how is that stage managed?

      You're free to your own opinion, just don't act like it's anything other than opinion. (Same goes for your obnoxious sig)

      --
      // MD_Update(&m,buf,j);
    10. Re:Why Stonehenge? by commodoresloat · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Its always baffled me why Stonehenge gets all the attention, when there's a much more impressive stone circle and causeway monument four times the size only 20 miles away at Avebury - and its hardly been investigated! Well, it's obvious why. Stonehenge spent a lot more money on advertising and product placement.
    11. Re:Why Stonehenge? by tsm_sf · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Visiting Stonehenge is like visiting a museum. There are certain areas you can and cannot go, times you cannot be there, and the path ends in a gift shop.

      Avebury is an actual village surrounded by megaliths. More standing stones line a very nice walk/hike to the area, and there are burial mounds all over the place (some have been hedgehogged and look really cool). There are (incredibly kitschy) stores in town selling info of various kinds, and a visitors center set up to demonstrate what life was like back in The Day(tm).

      In comparison the whole Stonehenge experience feels tightly controlled and 'artificial'. I can't really justify that word but you may understand what I'm getting at.

      --
      Literalism isn't a form of humor, it's you being irritating.
    12. Re:Why Stonehenge? by fyoder · · Score: 3, Informative

      The best thing about Avebury is that its not a stage managed tourist trap - you simply park your car and go wandering, you can even touch the stones if you wish and theres no entrance fee. Also check out the Callanish Standing Stones on the Isle of Lewis if you get the opportunity. Perhaps not quite as impressive as Stonehenge, no lintels, but if you go in the off tourist season, you may be able to have them all to yourself. To be alone with something like that affords a deep feeling of connection with the ancient past.
      --
      Loose lips lose spit.
    13. Re:Why Stonehenge? by Puggs · · Score: 3, Informative

      people have been touching those stones for thousands of years, why should we stop now?

      At the risk of sounding like a pretentious hippy, theres nothing I like doing better than hugging one of the stones when I'm at Avebury - you can see all the tiny little nooks and crannies, some of which have random crystals etc in.

      Stonehenge *IS* a tourist trap, theres nothing there but the stones and a gift shop. Avebury on the other hand has a quaint little biker pub, the biggest henge in the world, which imho is more impressive than the stones at stonehenge.

      Yes I've been to both repeatedly - the best time to go to stonehenge is overnight at one of the solstices, when you CAN get up to the stones - with all drums,chanting,bongos etc it feel like your thousands of years ago.

      I was at avebury last weekend for my birthday - the kids love it, rolling down the henge, playing on the stones etc. Far more enjoyable than the "stand at a distance and look" experience at stonehenge.

      The henge at stonehenge is just a dip in the ground - the henge at avebury is massive, and far more impressive than the remains of the stone cirles there.

      Anyway, enough ranting :) - if you get the chance go back to both as an adult, take your family to Avebury on a sunny day, its a good (and cheap) afternoon out

    14. Re:Why Stonehenge? by ozbird · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Its always baffled me why Stonehenge gets all the attention

      In a word, trilithons. Stone circles are impressive, but raising large lintel stones and fitting them with mortise and tenon joints to the even larger sarsen stones is very impressive.

      Spinal Tap references aside, there's something about the trilithons that is deeply iconic: a mastery of stone, and thus nature. The later use of arches, vaulted ceilings and domes in religious buildings is no accident; people may not "get" religion, but suspend several tonnes of stone over their heads and they can't help but be impressed.

    15. Re:Why Stonehenge? by wish+bot · · Score: 4, Informative

      The best thing about the Avebury circle is that there's a pub in the middle of it.

      And no, I'm not joking.

      --
      lemonade was a popular drink and it still is
    16. Re:Why Stonehenge? by fialar · · Score: 1

      You forgot Arbor Low. Located in Derbyshire, it pre-dates Stonehenge by at least a 1000 years or more. I've visited the site, and even though the stones are no longer standing, it is a pretty impressive place.

    17. Re:Why Stonehenge? by TapeCutter · · Score: 4, Interesting

      I went to Orkney about two years ago and there are standing stones all over the place. I was a bit dissapointed by Skara-Brae (WTF is the deal with the tinnted glass over the top). However after visiting Orkney the guy who owned the B&B we were staying at near Joh-o-Groats told us about an old archeological dig on some mounds near the cliff that the B&B was overlooking. So when we were leaving we thought we would have a look, sure enough there was a maze of ruined huts just like the ones at Skara-Brae, only there were lots more rooms and passages. The whole site was overgrown by weeds but you could walk over them and reveal the flintstonesque shelves and the 'bait boxes' in the floors. We spent the whole morning doing the "Indiana jones" thing and didn't see another soul.

      We travelled all over the UK for about 5 weeks, Orkney, Stonehenge and a stone circle somewhere high up in the Yorkshire dales were the most awe inspiring, but the little huts on the cliff overgrown and forgotten for 5000yrs were my favotite.

      --
      And did you exchange a walk on part in the war for a lead role in a cage? - Pink Floyd.
    18. Re:Why Stonehenge? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      For some pictures of Stonehenge's restoration, see:

      http://www.ufos-aliens.co.uk/cosmicstonehenge.htm/

      I know the URL doesn't inspire confidence, but you can at least search for John Constable's 1835 depiction of Stonehenge independently and compare it to modern day.

    19. Re:Why Stonehenge? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      ...no pictures, but a slightly more confidence inspiring URL, which gives a little more detail on what work was done.

      http://www.britarch.ac.uk/stonehenge/stone23.html

    20. Re:Why Stonehenge? by crawling_chaos · · Score: 1

      I thought it was because the Stonehenge builders managed to secure a trademark on lintel stones.

      --
      You can only drink 30 or 40 glasses of beer a day, no matter how rich you are.
      -- Colonel Adolphus Busch
    21. Re:Why Stonehenge? by RockDoctor · · Score: 1

      You went to both as a child? Go back as an adult and I guarantee you will change your mind. Stonehenge looks like it does because it has been rebuilt several times in the past 100 years - whether they actually are representative of how they stood thousands of years go is still subject to discussion.
      Stonehenge has been excavated, in different areas and to different depths, several times in the last century, and yes, there was some re-erecting of stones in several of these excavation phases. However, the nature of the site is such that we can have high confidence that the stones which have been re-erected are very close to their original positions. Part of the reason for that confidence is that antiquarians as far back as the mid-15th century have been producing drawings and sketches of the structure. But most of the reason is that the stones are each set into pits excavated into the bedrock of the site. Soils on the downlands are typically under a meter thick, which is insufficient to provide adequate foundation for any substantial structure. So, to build (for example) a large hut you'd need to excavate a deep narrow hole in the ground to receive the bottom half-meter or so of your main posts, then slot the posts into the pit and wedge them into upright position with smaller stones. Exactly the same techniques, scaled up, were used on the stone circles (look at the mortise and tenon carpentry joints on the tops of the trilithons, for example). The archaeology of habitation sites and ritual sites throughout southern England is literally peppered with these holes in the ground. Since digging holes in the ground is hard work, and you want your post (or stone) to stay closely upright, you make the hole a close fit for the post/ stone with due allowance for how you're going to slot the stone in. When archaeologists come back to the site 'X' thousands of years later, they find all the old holes in the ground filled-in with soil and contrasting very clearly with the clean white Chalk. The Stonehenge site is absolutely littered with these holes, and many of them can be assigned with confidence to individual stones. If organic debris is found at the bottom of any particular hole (say, an antler-pick), it can (potentially) be carbon-dated, adding to the details of the site's chronology. (Wooden artefacts, say the shaft from a broken axe, might also be suitable for dendrochronological dating - tree-ring methods.) For particular holes we have good evidence of a latest possible date for their excavation (the date of the oldest material in the hole. Some holes may have retained their stones in position since antiquity, preventing their accurate dating.

      The best thing about Avebury is that its not a stage managed tourist trap - you simply park your car and go wandering, you can even touch the stones if you wish and theres no entrance fee. The sheer size of the monument is fantastic.
      I entirely agree ; I visited Stonehenge with my (Russian) wife a few weeks ago, which she was duly impressed by, while also being underwhelmed by the trampling hordes. Then we went over to Avebury to meet my parents for lunch in the pub there (well worthwhile, BTW) and spend the afternoon going around the stones. That was much more interesting. And as you say, getting up close and personal with the stones is much more interesting than being shepherded along a donkey track. At least we didn't have to pay for Stonehenge (NTS members) My father has been teaching a WEA course in megalithic archaeology for a decade or so, and a day trip to Avebury is a normal part of the curriculum.
      --
      Birds are not dinosaur descendants;birds are dinosaurs, for all useful meanings of "birds", "are" and "dinosaurs"
    22. Re:Why Stonehenge? by tehcyder · · Score: 1

      Also, Avebury was the setting for Children of the Stones, a cool and scary kids series from the Seventies.

      --
      To have a right to do a thing is not at all the same as to be right in doing it
    23. Re:Why Stonehenge? by VdG · · Score: 1

      I quite liked Skara Brae. I'd never seen anything like it, and the idea that it's as old as Egypt's pyramids is quite impressive. The prototype for Barrett Homes.

      There are lots of other great things on Orkney, too. Maes Howe was interesting. I got an individual guided tour as nobody else was around that day. Seeing millenia old Viking graffiti was fascinating.

      The only down-side is that it's quite a long way away from anything, but anybody spending time in the north of Scotland should make the effort. The ferry from Scrabster, (near Thurso) makes a day-trip viable if you're staying somewhere nearby.

    24. Re:Why Stonehenge? by huckamania · · Score: 1

      I've been to Stonehenge 3 times. The first time, my brothers and I could climb on the rocks and you could picnic inside the circle (I have pictures). The second time, they had velvet ropes that kept the tourists away from the rocks. The third time, they had plexiglass all the way around.

      I don't want to ever go back because I'm afraid there will be a Hard Rock cafe and a bunch of other touristy bunk.

    25. Re:Why Stonehenge? by TapeCutter · · Score: 1

      Yes I remeber the Viking graffiti, Maes Howe was fascinating as were the standing stones nearby, I just thought the tinted glass over Skara Brae was a bit much since I couldn't see inside the main building.

      --
      And did you exchange a walk on part in the war for a lead role in a cage? - Pink Floyd.
  6. Oh, that one! by MagdJTK · · Score: 1

    I was amused (disappointed?) to see that Stonehenge had to be described as "Britain's Stonehenge". Does Johnny Foreigner have another one we don't know about?

    1. Re:Oh, that one! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
    2. Re:Oh, that one! by MagdJTK · · Score: 1

      That's a henge sure, but I'm pretty sure painting cars grey doesn't turn them into stone... ;-)

    3. Re:Oh, that one! by AnotherUsername · · Score: 4, Informative

      Henge

      Stonehenge is type of henge. There are many, many henges, and not all of them are in Britain. There are even henges in America, one of the more famous ones being at Cahokia Mounds and is called 'Woodhenge'.

      So, to answer your question, yes, there is more than one.

      --
      I don't like Linux. This doesn't make me a troll.
    4. Re:Oh, that one! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I guess the Strawhenge didn't last out the year...

    5. Re:Oh, that one! by MagdJTK · · Score: 1

      Sure, I've heard of Woodhenge - but why would someone confuse Stonehenge with Woodhenge?

    6. Re:Oh, that one! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That Cahokia one is even more famous than Carhenge?

  7. sure sure by ILuvRamen · · Score: 2, Funny

    That's what they want you to think. But then when it starts taking down satellites with an ion beam then we'll see what it was built for. Aliens I tell you!

    --
    Google's Super Secret Search Algorithm: SELECT @search_results FROM internet WHERE @search_results = 'good'
  8. Sure sure.... by Rooked_One · · Score: 3, Funny

    Anything to discount the alien theory

    1. Re:Sure sure.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well, I'm all for getting rid of the alien theory. Ever since the abomination that is Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Shitty Movie.

    2. Re:Sure sure.... by Haoie · · Score: 1

      Yes, Stonehenge is up there when it comes to extraterrestrial believers.

      Personally though, I find the Nazca lines far more fascinating. The reason behind those drawings are still la

      --
      If each mistake being made is a new one, then progress is being made.
    3. Re:Sure sure.... by wish+bot · · Score: 1

      We're lucky that the men from the black helicopters who kidnapped you mid sentence were kind enough to press 'submit' for us.

      --
      lemonade was a popular drink and it still is
    4. Re:Sure sure.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      I need to go to bed...you know you've been on the computer too long when the parent posts reads to you as "extraterrestrial beavers".

  9. Garry Denke by Garry+Denke · · Score: 1

    Coal dusters. Avebury coal duster, Cursus coal duster, Durrington Walls coal duster, Long Barrow coal duster, Robin Hood's Ball coal duster, Stonehenge coal duster, Woodhenge coal duster, etc, all being originally simple coal hunting failures. Every one of them were coal exploration sites that did not yield any coal. Take away all of the dressed up cemetery headstone rocks and what have you got? Nothing more than a bunch of coal exploratory ditches and holes, that is what. Afterwards, these ditches and holes were utilised as grave plots, for tired disappointed coal explorers, and their cold disheartened families. Sad but true.

    1. Re:Garry Denke by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I like Stonehenge UFO Theory and Stonehenge ALIENS Theory better then this crap.

      "coal face"
      http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/programmes/stonehenge/
      All done and dusted - what has the Timewatch dig achieved?

      ---> NW to SE --->
      Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Salisbury Plain
      http://www.durhamrecordsonline.com/literature/coalfields-british.gif
      Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Prospect Area
      http://www.geology.19thcenturyscience.org/books/1878-Ramsay-Geology/text-ocr/text/figs-100-jpg/GeoMap-400.jpg
      800000 BC Coalfield -> 800000 BC Coalfield -> 100000 BC Coalfield -> Stonehenge

      ---> dusters in white --->
      http://www.coalpro.co.uk/images/coalmap.jpg
      Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Avebury duster
      Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Cursus duster
      Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Durrington Walls duster
      Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Long Barrow duster
      Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Robin Hood's Ball duster
      Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Stonehenge duster
      Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Woodhenge duster
      http://www.coalpro.co.uk/images/coalmap.jpg
      ---> dusters in white --->

      800000 BC Coalfield -> 800000 BC Coalfield -> 100000 BC Coalfield -> Stonehenge
      http://www.geology.19thcenturyscience.org/books/1878-Ramsay-Geology/text-ocr/text/figs-100-jpg/GeoMap-400.jpg
      Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Prospect Area
      http://www.durhamrecordsonline.com/literature/coalfields-british.gif
      Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Salisbury Plain
      ---> NW to SE --->

      All done and dusted - what has the Timewatch dig achieved?
      http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/programmes/stonehenge/article4.shtml
      "coal face"

      I like Stonehenge UFO Theory and Stonehenge ALIENS Theory better then that crap.

    2. Re:Garry Denke by Garry+Denke · · Score: 1

      It's a saucer speculation
      http://www.thisiswiltshire.co.uk/news/headlines/display.var.2330325.0.its_a_saucer_speculation.php

      KEEP watching the skies - That's the message from a new Swindon UFO group.

      The Swindon UFO Research Organisation is hoping to attract members from across the town and surrounding areas.

      The newly-formed organisation will help and support witnesses of unexplained phenomena by upholding strict confidentially.

      It will also dispel the myths and stigma associated with UFO sightings.

      "There have been five sightings in Wiltshire during May alone," said Chris Williams, the lead investigator of the Swindon UFO Research Organisation.

      "These have been found to be aircraft passing overhead.

      "But a lot remain unexplained and that is the fascinating thing.

      It's a saucer speculation
      http://www.gazetteandherald.co.uk/news/headlines/display.var.2330325.0.its_a_saucer_speculation.php

      G-d

  10. What does this have to do with cyber-technology? by Corky+Devereaux · · Score: 1

    Not much... but it's jaw-dropping nonetheless. You can bet I'll be memecasting it here. -Corky

  11. Re:What does this have to do with cyber-technology by mikesd81 · · Score: 1

    News for nerds.....all types of nerds are included.

    --
    That which does not kill me only postpones the inevitable.
  12. Stonehenge Decoded by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Stonehenge is a binary representation. A pillar represent 1 and two pillars with a horizontal stone connecting them is 0. Going around, it reads 10001010 10011110

    1. Re:Stonehenge Decoded by justinlee37 · · Score: 1

      I have to betray my lack of geeky coder cred here and ask whether or not "10001010 10011110" actually means anything.

    2. Re:Stonehenge Decoded by mikesd81 · · Score: 1

      According to this translator it means: in ASCII text.

      --
      That which does not kill me only postpones the inevitable.
    3. Re:Stonehenge Decoded by mikesd81 · · Score: 1

      Apparently /. editor doesn't like it so (take out the spaces) & # 3 5 2 ; & # 3 8 2 ;

      --
      That which does not kill me only postpones the inevitable.
  13. Poor, as per usual by MLCT · · Score: 4, Informative

    It was a burial ground for what may have been the country's first royal dynasty "country" - didn't exist 5,000 years ago, patchy local tribes, communities and chiefdoms were all that exsisted, often as small as a couple hundred people.

    "first" - nope - there were thousands of years of these patchy clans and communities going back far before 5,000 BP - the Stonehenge neolithic communities and any political, cultural or religious "leaders" there weren't the "first" anything.

    "royal dynasty" - Firstly it wasn't royal - that is a modern definition, and can only be used when it means what it says, I see the FA uses it as well, and it should be rightly criticised for inaccurate reporting. We know little concrete about how stone age societies functioned - far too little to use the word "royal". Secondly there is no evidence that it is a "dynasty" of anything.

    Historical accuracy seems to becoming abandoned these days. The media seem to becoming more and more able to get away with just making up anything they want to fit the "angle", particularly with scientific pieces.
    1. Re:Poor, as per usual by Opportunist · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Worse yet, who says that it was built for this? It's not unheard of that "holy sites" have been recycled over and over in history. Many cathedrals are built on ancient sites of worship.

      Take the Nebra sky disk. It is almost certain that it changed its use and purpose over time, as can be seen by the changes it underwent during its use. It's even possible that the last "user" of the disk had no idea of its astronomic significance and it became some sort of idol for ancient worship.

      Dynasties and rulers come and go, land and property changes hands in times of war. And rarely does the defeated tell his nemesis his holy secrets. Why shouldn't some victorious tribe conquer the area of Stonehenge and, in ignorance of its actual reason, attribute it to some divine or otherworldly creation? After all, chauvinism isn't something we invented in our time, would a victorious warlord attribute the creation of something as impressive as Stonehenge to a tribe he just conquered? He'd have to admit that the people he defeated created something he does not understand.

      And what better place for a royal burial site than a place where the gods themselves built something?

      So just simply saying that some place is "merely" the tomb of a king just because someone was buried there is cheap. Especially if there are indicators that point towards scientific use.

      But there our chauvinism sets in again. How could some barbaric culture that can, at best, use stone axes be scientifically "advanced", to a point we "civilized" people didn't achive until medieval times?

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
    2. Re:Poor, as per usual by mstahl · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I think you're nit-picking way too much. "Country" in this case refers to the actual current borders of the UK, and this may be the burial ground within those borders of earliest origin yet discovered. In this case "first" means "earliest discovered", which is after all the best gauge we have for these things. How could we ever determine for sure which was the first, as the first may have been lost forever? As for "royal dynasty", though it may not have been made for a king or queen as we think of them today, in describing the hypothesis that the burial ground may have been for especially important persons isn't unreasonable.

      I just think that for the purposes of communication with modern people it's okay to use modern terms, even if you're talking about something ancient for which there may not be an exact analogue today.

      In any case the things you're complaining about are not one of those cases where someone's blatantly distorted the facts to hype up a story for the general public (see also: any popular media article having anything whatsoever to do with any physics developments past elementary mechanics).

    3. Re:Poor, as per usual by Scaba · · Score: 2, Insightful

      We know little concrete about how stone age societies functioned...

      Yet, that hasn't stopped you from making bold and unsubstantiated claims about these very societies.

      Historical accuracy seems to becoming abandoned these days.

      Become the change you wish to see.

    4. Re:Poor, as per usual by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Wish I had mod points, portions of this post were bordering on "+6 extremely brilliant."

    5. Re:Poor, as per usual by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      But there our chauvinism sets in again. How could some barbaric culture that can, at best, use stone axes be scientifically "advanced", to a point we "civilized" people didn't achive until medieval times? You raise a good point, but at the same time, you go too far and veer into the territory of what one might call "reverse chauvinism": you appear to assume that any doubt one might have that Stonehenge was really used for scientific purposes is merely the result of chauvinism, saying, in essence, "I claim that it was used for science - now prove me wrong if you want to!".

      But the burden of proof, needless to say, is on you.
    6. Re:Poor, as per usual by argStyopa · · Score: 1

      I'm pretty sure you're just being a pedant.

      "country" - perhaps they mean the OTHER meaning of country, ala 'area'? Maybe they don't mean the precise "nation/state" that you're debating.

      And instead of "first royal dynasty" I'm sure it would have been so much more accurate for them to say "...the region's furthest-back prehistorical group that we've found to date who were probably related, probably over a series of generations, and clearly either had the power to command significant time and effort from others or were so well-liked that this was done spontaneously on their behalf - comparable to saying that they are the oldest extant analogue to a royal dynasty that we've found in this region, except we can't say that because some internet wanker would call us to task for using shorthand language, entirely missing the significance of what we found."

      --
      -Styopa
    7. Re:Poor, as per usual by bytesex · · Score: 1

      I think it's fair to say (and I would like to put it forward as a theory) that human beings, given almost no knowledge on the subject of (for example) astronomy (as happened time and again before, say, the 15th century - warning: European POV here), will yet almost certainly, during a lifetime, invent all sorts of things related to it; sundials, longest-day-discovery-things (and therefore yearlength-discovery-things). Perhaps it's possible to define a certain 'unschooled but using maximum concentration' benchmark of human intelligence based on these things.

      --
      Religion is what happens when nature strikes and groupthink goes wrong.
    8. Re:Poor, as per usual by Weedlekin · · Score: 1

      ""country" - didn't exist 5,000 years ago, patchy local tribes, communities and chiefdoms were all that exsisted, often as small as a couple hundred people."

      The fact that late neolithic grooveware pottery is found in Britain everywhere from the Orkneys to the south coast indicates that there must have been active links between the people who made it. Grooveware has a very distinctive type of geometric pattern on it that's unique to Britain, so the similarities between examples found at both ends of the place cannot have simply happened by accident.

      Note also that the excavations carried out by the team from Sheffield University at Durrington Walls indicates that there was a circular village with more than 300 houses around Stonehenge, which makes it the largest settlement in Northern Europe at that time.

      ""royal dynasty" - Firstly it wasn't royal - that is a modern definition, and can only be used when it means what it says, I see the FA uses it as well, and it should be rightly criticised for inaccurate reporting."

      This must mean that all the effort Neolithic and bronze-age inhabitants of Britain put into building long barrows must have been solely for the purpose of burying completely unimportant people who just happened to have expensive grave goods because of the community's generosity.

      "We know little concrete about how stone age societies functioned - far too little to use the word "royal"."

      The logistics involved in building some of Britain's Neolithic monuments indicates that they were the product of a sophisticated culture with a centralised regional power structure, not a bunch of disparate villages which rarely communicated with each other. Silbury Hil for example is thought to have required 18 million man-hours to construct, and the people working on it required ongoing support in the form of food, water, clothing, and tools. It was built over a period of about ten years, which means that at least 700 people would have been required for the building work alone (i.e excluding those in logistical support roles, who would have outnumbered the builders). People don't just happen to get the idea for major projects like this by accident, and chieftains of tiny communities wouldn't have had the capability of planning it, let alone organising everyone required for building and support roles.

      "We know little concrete about how stone age societies functioned - far too little to use the word "royal"."

      We know that they were capable of undertaking major projects that required significant engineering skills and the ability to organise and motivate large numbers of people over long periods, because the evidence is there for anyone to see. And we know that some barrows were used to bury people over long time periods, and given the fact that the biggest ones have around 40 burial chambers, it's fairly obvious that they were made to house only those who the builders thought were important. The heavy stones used in their construction and large amounts of earth that were put over them mean that long barrows in particular were major projects in their own right, not something a little village knocked up over a weekend to put poor old Auntie Mabel in.

      "Secondly there is no evidence that it is a "dynasty" of anything."

      The evidence for it being a dynasty is better in an archaeological sense than that for many royal dynasties from the same period in other parts of the world, where the only claim for them existing at all comes from (sometimes scant and fragmentary) written records.

      --
      I'm not going to change your sheets again, Mr. Hastings.
  14. human nature's not so different... by owlnation · · Score: 3, Insightful

    So maybe I've read too much Dostoevsky over the years... but I never buy the explanations for what people think these things were.

    Visiting some dolmens in France a few years ago the archaeologist explained that it was believed these were religious sites, since visitors had to bow low to enter a womb-like chamber. Sure... or... how about the small entrance is easier to heat, easy to keep dry, easier to defend, and easier to keep out animals like rats etc away from food stores. For all we know the dolmen was the first equivalent of Walmart.

    Homo Sapiens is, for the most part, a selfish, greedy species. To ascribe our ancestors with cuddly, noble airs of spirituality, science and mysticism is the stuff of fairy tales, not science. Take a look at your neighborhood; minus the styles, the cars, and the pointless obsession with worthless things like social networking sites, the species is today just and evolved and spiritual as it has ever been. If anything, we've progressed (slightly) in terms of abolishing slavery, women's right etc.

    Seriously, the first Walmart is more likely than some solar temple. I'll buy a royal burial site admittedly, that's just naked greed. That's pretty much what we humans are good at, especially the ones at the top of the social order.

    1. Re:human nature's not so different... by goatpunch · · Score: 1

      You don't buy the explanations? But these people are experts! This documents the historical speculation process quite well, although the episode when they reconstructed King Arthur's Court from a piece of china was even better: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bf95P2DJC6E&ftm=6

    2. Re:human nature's not so different... by Opportunist · · Score: 3, Insightful

      It is likely that ancient buildings had far more often practical uses rather than esotheric ones. But our ancestors were often also quite adapt at combining those reasons. Mostly to make people do it.

      Religion, IMO, was invented for just this reason: To make people do stuff you, as a leader, know is important for the well being of your tribe, but you can't really explain to your people because they either don't understand it, or they'd outright oppose it because for them, as an individual, it may have negative effects. Let's face it, we're selfish. Everyone wants everything for himself and doing things for the "common good" is something reserved for when you're doing REALLY well and have no real problems anymore, so you do some feelgood stuff. And in ancient times, you rarely if ever were doing so well that you have no problems anymore.

      But as a ruler, it can be quite useful to know the right times for sowing and reaping. Too early and your grain is dying in the last freeze. Too late and it won't grow long enough. So you have to put aside a few people who watch the skies and do astronomy. That creates two problems for your tribe. First of all, the question why should I work so this moocher gets fat and lazy watching the skies, and second, why should I build him his astronomy tools (which often included a lot of stone lugging back then) on top of it? Sure, we'll know the best time for sowing in the future but guess what, I'm 20, I almost certainly won't live to be 30, I have no benefit at all from it!

      This is where religion and all those "religious" buildings came in. It also served as a quite good tool to keep your people in line, too. Especially if you can predict (and claim to command) such impressive events like an eclipse.

      I'm fairly sure this is the reason why astronomy is one of the oldest sciences mankind invented. It was practical for an early tribe to predict the seasons. It's not that they were so fond of the stars, it was a matter of survival.

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
    3. Re:human nature's not so different... by Rams�s+Morales · · Score: 1

      The myth of the noble savage has been hard to kill, but it is finally dying, albeit rather slowly.

    4. Re:human nature's not so different... by DerekLyons · · Score: 1

      Homo Sapiens is, for the most part, a selfish, greedy species. To ascribe our ancestors with cuddly, noble airs of spirituality, science and mysticism is the stuff of fairy tales, not science. Take a look at your neighborhood; minus the styles, the cars, and the pointless obsession with worthless things like social networking sites, the species is today just and evolved and spiritual as it has ever been.

      I can't say much in reply other than your position is utterly at odds with all known existing archaeological, literary, sociological, etc... etc... evidence.
    5. Re:human nature's not so different... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      please provide at least one source backing up your statement...

    6. Re:human nature's not so different... by nekozid · · Score: 1

      I could add that astronomy isn't a science too if you like. It was invented by Nostradamus.

    7. Re:human nature's not so different... by nekozid · · Score: 1

      Disregard that, too much weed. Astrology.

  15. NO. it didnt. by unity100 · · Score: 2, Interesting

    this 'burial' theory just ignores the fact that rulers, ruling families, especially the first family of any new kingdom/dynasty etc, had the habit of claiming long standing monuments, legends, traditions as their own, and claiming they were the first, and even order distortion of existing records (if there is any) to that extent.

    this can happen and take unbelievable forms even in civilizations that had long standing history, like egypt. it is too common for pharaohs to deface all mentions of previous pharaohs from even temple hieroglyphs, have scribes rewrite the records.

    one of the most curious examples is the great pyramid. despite it is supposedly the 3rd true pyramid that is built, and it should have all kinds of glyphs, wall art, statues and carvings to nail the legacy of Khufu at every step inside the pyramid, there are NO mentions of khufu's name everywhere but on a small wall glyph (that contains only his name) over where his casket is placed. the king chamber is also curious, it has no kind of wall art, carvings or anything of the sort. this creates a contrast to long standing egypt tradition (even at that date) of adorning every bit of the burial site with all kinds of art and wall carvings and glyphs.

    no sir. experience of mankind through history states that this new find didnt solve any mystery in regard to past of stonehenge.

    1. Re:NO. it didnt. by Opportunist · · Score: 2, Insightful

      That's a quite good argument. Reattributing something you conquer or inherit as your own creation has been a quite common tool in ancient times for kings to justify their claim of the throne. Ramses II was notorious for it.

      PR isn't an invention of today's marketing goons. It's been here long before the advent of the ability to write, but that only made it worse. It is incredible how many documents of Charles the Great exist, the overwhelming majority of which are forgeries. Kings and rulers have been forging and lying to legitimate their claim to power for as long as we have written proof, and it is doubtful that this tradition started only when we learned to write. Without written documents, it's actually easier. Kill everyone who knows otherwise and your word is the only truth.

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
    2. Re:NO. it didnt. by value_added · · Score: 2, Informative

      Reattributing something you conquer or inherit as your own creation has been a quite common tool in ancient times for kings to justify their claim of the throne. Ramses II was notorious for it.

      A tool for kings? Perhaps, but my dog does the same with every tree he passes. Lacks the requisite pomp, of course, but no less effective.

    3. Re:NO. it didnt. by Opportunist · · Score: 1

      Great. Now writing your name on someone else's pyramid is pissing on his grave.

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
    4. Re:NO. it didnt. by c_forq · · Score: 1

      Did you read even the summary? The bodies were there before, during, and after the stones. How do you repurpose a structure before it stands?

      --
      Computers allow humans to make mistakes at the fastest speeds known, with the possible exception of tequila and handguns
    5. Re:NO. it didnt. by unity100 · · Score: 1

      carbon dating methods are not accurate for certain time periods. alternative dating methods are neither too accurate from what i know http://www.hyperhistory.net/apwh/essays/comp/cw29evolution31011403.htm

      for example it is believed that the Sphinx is built at the time of the great pyramid. yet, recently a climatologist and a geologist have found evidence that sphinx had experienced erosion in its base that is almost identical to what buildings experience during rainfloods that happen in tropical rainforest zones. the only time that it could happen was when egypt (that zone) was in tropical rainforest belt, which is a time period that dates back to around 10.000 bc or so. this, of course, has been staunchly opposed by settled opinion in egyptology. however the evidence is there, and its undeniable. therefore science community is just choosing to ignore that exists, and not talk about it.

  16. hmm.. by robably · · Score: 3, Funny

    I, for one, welcome our Neolithic Lourdes.

  17. Kings? by Xaemyl · · Score: 0

    Kings!? But according to Spinal Tap, Stonehenge is where the Demons Dwelled!

  18. Yes, that's this year's theory by FishandChips · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Oh well, another year, another theory about something that's become a dull-looking tourist trap jammed next to a busy main road. Another "explanation" is bound to be along in 2009. Stonehenge is really just a prism for the subconscious preoccupations of the day. One deduces from the latest idea that the UK is now worried about how long its current royal family will last. Surprising really that the archaeologists haven't uncovered "evidence" that the site was constructed under the supervision of a Stone Age health and safety executive. Perhaps next year they'll uncover the remains of a tree stump and declare that a hollow indentation in it is proof positive of the world's first on-site hard hat.

    --
    Las qué passoun
    tournoun pas maï
  19. Stonehenge as Royal Family's Burial Site by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I believe that Stonehenge as the Royal Family's burial site is a splendid idea. Of course the British with their silly sense of formality will probably screw it up by waiting until the family member's have died....

  20. Nothing to do with the current royal family by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The current British Royal Family are descendants from a French Invasion of England made in 1066 AD. That would make Stonehenge the burial place of an actual British royal family, and Buckingham Palace as British as the Iraq's 'Green Zone'.

    1. Re:Nothing to do with the current royal family by mabinogi · · Score: 3, Informative

      The current British Royal Family are descendants from a French Invasion of England made in 1066 AD No they're not.
      They're Germans, from the house Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (the English branch of which being renamed to Windsor when having German sounding names didn't make you popular), and before that, house Hanover (since the early 18th century).
      And even before that it was far more complicated than simply being descendants of William I
      --
      Advanced users are users too!
    2. Re:Nothing to do with the current royal family by neuromancer23 · · Score: 1

      >> And even before that it was far more complicated than simply being descendants of William I I think you mean William the bastard.

    3. Re:Nothing to do with the current royal family by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Parent OP here. Didn't know that. Thanks for the info.

  21. "Sacred" Means "Don't Touch" by Doc+Ruby · · Score: 1

    European and American (and thereby worldwide) scientists and historians are fond of labeling artifacts and sites "sacred", as if distant peoples' ideas and practices of "sacred" meant the same as what we mean by it today. All "sacred" means universally is "don't touch unless you're a religious authority". And most religious authorities, especially of longer-lived societies, will not change anything given to them already sanctified.

    So "sacred" really is primarily a way for a society to protect something's integrity, even if there's no obvious reason why. The sacred might be a site, like Stonehenge, or it might be a practice, like naming stars and telling stories about their namesakes, or it might be a ritual, like walking up to a mountaintop on a date determined by a site like Stonehenge from the names of some stars. It might just be the way that a town's homes are laid out around an area, or the way a home is laid out around its enclosing walls.

    There is no guarantee that something "sacred" was actually believed to be a connection to a "superpowerful person" like a god or a mystic hero as we currently understand them. The sacred is just sanctified in that people's own special way of making obvious something was sacred, and not to be messed with by those who couldn't understand the belief that made it "work". Burying kings in connection with the sacred was one way to ensure that people knew it was sacred, if they knew the king was sacred, and building something sacred at a royal burial place would do it, too.

    "Holy" just means that you do something even when you can't understand it. To later civilizations after ours has waned into nonexistence or mutated into something completely obliterating it, plenty of what we do for a reason we can understand is something they won't be able to understand in their different future context. So they'll call it "sacred", and not really get it entirely.

    --

    --
    make install -not war

  22. Before the stone... by fahrbot-bot · · Score: 1
    The new dates indicate burials began at least 500 years before the first massive stones were erected at the site and continued after it was completed.

    Before Stonehenge there was Strawhenge and Woodhenge...

    --
    It must have been something you assimilated. . . .
  23. It was King Arthur of course by Budenny · · Score: 1

    It was King Arthur and the Round Table of course, these kings, who were the lost tribe of Israel as explained by the British Israel movement, they had come to the UK by routes which we no longer know about. They were, like, the original inhabitants. They had powers now lost to us and erected the stones by thinking. They were vegan, lined up their stones with the planets and the ley lines. They were like very ecological and in harmony with the environment. Later they painted themselves purple with natural plant extracts. They were priest kings. They were real left or is it right side of the brain people unlike the Romans. Like, whatever.

    Are there any more questions?

  24. So does this mean... by NeuroManson · · Score: 1

    That all those new agers, wannabe wiccans, shamans and the like, when they thought they were performing their little ceremonies at what they thought was a temple, were actually desecrating a graveyard?

    Ouch.

    --
    Just because you can mod me down, doesn't mean you're right. Shoes for industry!
  25. I doubt it by Moraelin · · Score: 2, Informative

    Personally I doubt it, because coal wasn't even important in Britain (or almost anywhere else) before the 1600's-1700's or so.

    Even in the iron age, the preferred fuel originally was charcoal. It's only when wood was more important for building whole ship armadas, that coal became the fuel of choice.

    In the bronze age, you didn't even need coal at all, as tin and copper can be smelted with wood just as well. They have a lower melting point than iron. Copper: 1084.62 C, Tin: 231.93C, vs Iron: 1538 C. So with a good forge you just need wood to generate the temperatures needed for copper or bronze.

    The first stage of Stonehenge dates from 3100 BC, although the stones you see now are from 2200 BC. In 3100 BC Britain wasn't just waay before Iron Age at that point, but was probably before Bronze Age too, if I remember the general timeline right. They were decidedly chalcolithic, i.e., a mixture of copper for weapons and some tools, and still a lot of stuff made of stone or bone.

    I.e., the economic demand for coal was somewhere between "not at all" and "buggerall". Assuming that anyone went feverishly poking holes all over the place to find coal, is just... the wrong age for that.

    Additionally, Stonehenge 1 from 3100 BC already had a big ditch dug in the middle. So they'd already know if there was any ore or (still worthless) coal underneath. Assuming that they still went and poked the same place with square holes around it for another 1000 years, is kinda silly. There was no further point in probing the same damned place as opposed to going looking somewhere else.

    And even if they just buried some poor workers in such holes, noone would drag holes from 300km away from Wales to use as headstones for poor miner families. The poor guys would just get a wooden marker for their grave, not hundreds of people dragging and lifting stones for their grave. Their families wouldn't have been able to pay those.

    --
    A polar bear is a cartesian bear after a coordinate transform.
    1. Re:I doubt it by Garry+Denke · · Score: 1

      Cave Coal: 800,000 BC; Hand Axes
      Camp Fuel: Dates through Ice Ages

      ---> NW to SE --->

      Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Salisbury Plain

      http://www.durhamrecordsonline.com/literature/coalfields-british.gif

      Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Prospect Area

      http://www.geology.19thcenturyscience.org/books/1878-Ramsay-Geology/text-ocr/text/figs-100-jpg/GeoMap-400.jpg

      800,000 BC Coalfield -> 800,000 BC Coalfield -> 100,000 BC Coalfield -> Stonehenge

      ---> dusters in white --->

      http://www.coalpro.co.uk/images/coalmap.jpg

      Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Avebury duster

      Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Cursus duster

      Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Durrington Walls duster

      Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Long Barrow duster

      Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Robin Hood's Ball duster

      Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Stonehenge duster

      Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Woodhenge duster

      http://www.coalpro.co.uk/images/coalmap.jpg

      ---> dusters in white --->

      800,000 BC Coalfield -> 800,000 BC Coalfield -> 100,000 BC Coalfield -> Stonehenge

      http://www.geology.19thcenturyscience.org/books/1878-Ramsay-Geology/text-ocr/text/figs-100-jpg/GeoMap-400.jpg

      Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Prospect Area

      http://www.durhamrecordsonline.com/literature/coalfields-british.gif

      Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Salisbury Plain

      ---> NW to SE --->

      Camp Fuel: Dates through Ice Ages
      Cave Coal: 800,000 BC; Hand Axes

    2. Re:I doubt it by Weedlekin · · Score: 1

      LOL! This rather excellent post has, more or less word-for-word, been pasted all over the Internet. It's a superb troll, alhtough it would of course have been better if the author knew that there's no convincing evidence for Homo Erectus in Britain before 470,000 years ago, and they buggered off for nicer climes 30,000 years later when the place got hit by an ice age.

      --
      I'm not going to change your sheets again, Mr. Hastings.
    3. Re:I doubt it by Garry+Denke · · Score: 1

      The '56 holes Circling 'round Stonehenge cave Coal shoring Material;

      7 Questions:

      Dr. Garry Denke - John Aubrey - Lt.-Col. William Hawley - Robert Newall - Question No. 1
      Why did the Ancient dig and fill '56 cave chimney vent holes with Carboniferous Limestone?

      Dr. Garry Denke - John Aubrey - Lt.-Col. William Hawley - Robert Newall - Question No. 2
      Why did the Ancient then remove '56 cave chimney vent holes' Carboniferous Limestone?

      Dr. Garry Denke - John Aubrey - Lt.-Col. William Hawley - Robert Newall - Question No. 3
      Why did the Ancient burn anthracite Coal in the bottom of all '56 cave chimney vent holes?

      Dr. Garry Denke - John Aubrey - Lt.-Col. William Hawley - Robert Newall - Question No. 4
      Why did the Ancient burn bituminous Coal in the bottom of all '56 cave chimney vent holes?

      Dr. Garry Denke - John Aubrey - Lt.-Col. William Hawley - Robert Newall - Question No. 5
      Why did the Ancient cremate ancient Dead in the bottom of all '56 cave chimney vent holes?

      Dr. Garry Denke - John Aubrey - Lt.-Col. William Hawley - Robert Newall - Question No. 6
      Why did the Ancient cremate such Dead with anthracite Coal in all '56 of the Aubrey Holes?

      Dr. Garry Denke - John Aubrey - Lt.-Col. William Hawley - Robert Newall - Question No. 7
      Why did the Ancient cremate such Dead with bituminous Coal in all '56 of the Aubrey Holes?

      Thanks alot.

      Ancient

    4. Re:I doubt it by Weedlekin · · Score: 1

      "Why did the Ancient dig and fill '56 cave chimney vent holes with Carboniferous Limestone?"

      Where is your evidence for this claim? Few if any known inhabited caves from Europe had vent holes of any sort, hence the fact that most fire pits are found near the entrances.

      "Why did the Ancient then remove '56 cave chimney vent holes' Carboniferous Limestone?"

      See above.

      "Why did the Ancient burn anthracite Coal in the bottom of all '56 cave chimney vent holes?"

      See above.

      Question 4 is a repeat of question 3.

      "Why did the Ancient cremate ancient Dead in the bottom of all '56 cave chimney vent holes?"

      I've seen no evidence to support your claim that ancient troglodites cremated their dead.

      "Why did the Ancient cremate such Dead with anthracite Coal in all '56 of the Aubrey Holes?"

      Evidence?

      It's time for three questions from me:

      1) Why are you claiming that there were people using coal in Britain 330,000 years before there's any archaeological evidence of people living in Britain?

      2) Why are so many of tour supposed 7 questions simply repeats of prior questions?

      3) Where is the supporting evidence for the assertions above?

      --
      I'm not going to change your sheets again, Mr. Hastings.
    5. Re:I doubt it by Garry+Denke · · Score: 1

      One month it's Healing.
      One month it's Death.
      One month it's Coal.

      Anthracite
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthracite
      blue stone
      blue flame
      blue coal

      a) You're clueless.

      Stone Tools Reveal Humans Lived in Britain 700000 Years Ago
      http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2005/12/1216_051216_humans_britain.html

      b) They're not.

      1. secnereffid suorefinobrac / suoecaterc hcaet
      2. secnereffid suorefinobrac / suoecaterc thguat
      3. nrub 'emalf enots eulb' a rof laoc eticarhtna
      4. tnetnoc ruflus dna surohpsohp rof suonimutib
      5. syenmihc evac fo mottob ta devil srotsecna
      6. loac edarg hgih /w tnrub srotsecna edarg hgih
      7. loac edarg wol /w tnrub srotsecna edarg wol

      c) Caddo, Texas

      Paleolithic 800,000-year-old Acheulian hand-axes from Homo erectus opencast Pembrokeshire Coalfield anthracite Coal cinders and South Wales Coalfield bituminous Bottom ash indicate a 100,000 years' earlier date. Homo erectus burnt 800,000-year-old Crosskeys Coal fly-ashes sampled from Pontycymer Class C - Class F bituminous South Wales Coalfield mined Paleolithic cave dates 100,000 years previous to 700,000 ya. German historian, antiquarian, dentist Doctor Garry Whilhelm Denke (1622-1699) recovered the 800,000-year-old Acheulian hand-axes and sampled the 800,000-year-old Westphalian Coal cinders and fly-ashes in 1656. All of his Stonehenge core samples ('56 Aubrey Holes, Double Bluestone Horseshoe, Centre Stonehenge, Heelstone Ditch, etc) and 800,000-year-old Pembrokeshire Coalfield (Little Haven-Amroth) Coalfield and South Wales Coalfield (Amroth Hills, Cross Keys, Seven Sisters, etc) evidence, including elder Waulsort and Wales white stone (Waulsortian, Early Carboniferous, Mississippian) collection, his crude biology (palaeontology) and hollow stem auger core drill are housed at Caddo, near Breckenridge, Stephens County, Texas, USA.

      Phosphorus and Sulphur (Brimstone) means Coal burnt '56 Aubrey Holes.

      Little Haven-Amroth Coalfield
      http://www.people.ex.ac.uk/pfclaugh/mhinf/pembs1.htm
      Pembrokeshire Coalfield
      Carbon content 96%
      Ancient source

      G-d

    6. Re:I doubt it by Weedlekin · · Score: 1

      "Blue..."

      What a bunch of addled tripe.

      "Wikipedia article on anthracite"

      What was this intended to prove? That anthracite exists? Well blow me down, I didn't know that before you told me.

      "a) You're clueless.

      Stone Tools Reveal Humans Lived in Britain 700000 Years Ago
      http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2005/12/1216_051216_humans_britain.html [nationalgeographic.com]"

      That's _one guy's theory_ which is well known in anthropological circles, and has been soundly rejected because his dating methods are (to be kind) extremely suspect. Note also that even if he was right, 700,000 years isn't 800,000 years, so you've still not provided any evidence for your claim of people in Britain using coal 800,000 years ago.

      "(b) they're not..."

      I presume the things that followed this are meant to be fed into Google, because all of them produce links to forum posts by yourself. Posts by you do not count as evidence that supports you claims.

      "c) Caddo texas..."

      The 17th century was not renowned for its accurate scientific dating methods, so claiming that some hand axes are 800,00 years old based on what a guy from that period said is nothing more than speculative nonsense.

      "Phosphorus and Sulphur (Brimstone) means Coal burnt '56 Aubrey Holes."

      Phosphorus and sulphur (plus other things such as potassium) are always found in cremations because they occur in both plants and animals in significant quantities, so burning a large animal or person on a wood fire (you need a lot of wood to cremate a human) produces them. Their presence is not therefore evidence of coal use.

      NB: ancient Britain was very heavily forested, so wood for both building and fuel was plentiful and easily accessible almost everywhere. Neolithic people (who didn't smelt metals) did not therefore require coal for any purpose, so suggesting that they'd go to the effort of prospecting for it in a field that's so deep and of such poor quality that not even the massively coal-dependant Victorians bothered to mine it is ludicrous.

      --
      I'm not going to change your sheets again, Mr. Hastings.
    7. Re:I doubt it by Garry+Denke · · Score: 1

      800,000-year-old Pembrokeshire Coalfield mining artefacts have been dated.
      800,000-year-old South Wales Coalfield mining artefacts have been dated.

      1. Prove that 3100 BC Salisbury Plain was "heavily forested".
      2. Prove that the Ancient did not cremate Dead by "coal use".
      3. Prove that importing rocks 150 kilometres is not "ludicrous".

      Thank you.

      For those unfamiliar with the 7 basic mineral materials of Stonehenge;
      here is a list of them mined in chronological order of their appearance.

      Stonehenge Mined Mineral Materials

      85 MYA

      Stonehenge White Chalk - The outcrop sedimentary rock of Stonehenge is Late Cretaceous Period, Santonian Age, calcium carbonate. Late Cretaceous Period outcrop sedimentary rock is the in situ mineral material mined by the Ancient. This mineral material is approximately 85 million years old. Stonehenge White Chalk stone is called Seaford Chalk Formation rock. White in color, this mineral material is from the Aubrey Holes - Stonehenge Ditch mining area.

      3100 BC

      Stonehenge Whitestone - The oldest limestone sedimentary rock of Stonehenge is Early Carboniferous (Mississippian) Period, Arundian Age, calcium carbonate. Early Carboniferous (Mississippian) Period limestone sedimentary rock is the first (1st) mineral material imported by the Ancient. This mineral material is approximately 340 million years old. Stonehenge Whitestone stone is called High Tor Limestone Formation rock. White in color, this mineral material is from the Pembrokeshire Coalfield - South Wales Coalfield mining area.

      3000 BC

      Stonehenge Anthracite - The oldest coal metamorphic rock of Stonehenge is Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) Period, Westphalian Age, carbon. Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) Period anthracite coal metamorphic rock is the second (2nd) mineral material imported by the Ancient. This mineral material is approximately 310 million years old. Stonehenge Anthracite stone is called Metamorphic Coal Measures Formation rock. Blue in color, this mineral material is from the Pembrokeshire Coalfield mining area.

      Stonehenge Cosheston - The oldest sandstone sedimentary rock of Stonehenge is Devonian Period micaceous silicate. Devonian Period sandstone sedimentary rock is the third (3rd) mineral material imported by the Ancient. This mineral material is approximately 408 million years old. Stonehenge Cosheston stone is called Senni Beds (Old Red Sandstone) Formation rock. Green in color, this mineral material is from the Pembrokeshire Coalfield - South Wales Coalfield mining area.

      Stonehenge Bituminous - The oldest coal sedimentary rock of Stonehenge is Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) Period, Westphalian Age, carbon. Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) Period bituminous coal sedimentary rock is the fourth (4th) mineral material imported by the Ancient. This mineral material is approximately 310 million years old. Stonehenge Bituminous stone is called Sedimentary Coal Measures Formation rock. Black in color, this mineral material is from South Wales Coalfield mining area.

      2600 BC

      Stonehenge Bluestone - The oldest volcanic igneous rock of Stonehenge is Ordovician Period intrusive igneous diabase (dolerite) and extrusive igneous felsite (rhyolite) and tuff (basic). Ordovician Period volcanic igneous rock is the fifth (5th) mineral material imported by the Ancient. This mineral material is approximately 470 million years old. Stonehenge Bluestone stone is called Ordovician Volcanic Igneous rock. Blue in color, this mineral material is from Pembrokeshire Coalfield - South Wales Coalfield mining area.

      2200 BC

      Stonehenge Sarsen - The youngest sandstone sedimentary rock of Stonehenge is Oligocene-Miocene (Tertiary) Period silicate. Oligocene-Miocene Period sandstone sedimentary rock is the sixth (6th) mineral material imported by the Ancient. This mineral material is approximately 24 million years old. Stonehenge Sarsen stone is called Reading Formation rock. Gray in color, this mineral material is from Marlborough Downs mining area.

      Dr. Garry Denke, William Hawley, Robert Newall chimney vent holes'
      core samples have both anthracite coal and bituminous coal in them.

      John Aubrey saw Aubrey Holes not.

      The Ancient

    8. Re:I doubt it by Weedlekin · · Score: 1

      "800,000-year-old Pembrokeshire Coalfield mining artefacts have been dated.
      800,000-year-old South Wales Coalfield mining artefacts have been dated."

      By whom?

      "1. Prove that 3100 BC Salisbury Plain was "heavily forested"."

      I didn't say Salisbury plain was heavily forested. The surrounding countryside however was heavily forested (and there are remnants of forests there today), so people on the plain didn't have to walk far to find trees, hence the large numbers of wooden structures that were there.

      "2. Prove that the Ancient did not cremate Dead by "coal use"."

      That's not the way science works. It's your theory, so you have to prove that they _did_ use coal by producing some evidence. Asking others to provide counter-proof is the tactic of religious fanatics, not scientists with realistic theories.

      "3. Prove that importing rocks 150 kilometres is not "ludicrous"."

      Prove that there is even a tenuous connection between importing rocks _to_ Stonehenge and digging for coal _under_ Stonehenge.

      Note that your rather long bit about the mineral composition of the land around Stonehenge just happened to slip in a bit about ancients importing anthracite, despite the fact that you've still not provided any evidence for it.

      "Dr. Garry Denke, William Hawley, Robert Newall chimney vent holes' core samples have both anthracite coal and bituminous coal in them."

      So your claims are based on your claims? Circular reasoning of this sort is another sign of religious rather than scientific arguments.

      "John Aubrey saw Aubrey Holes not"

      I don't understand your grammar. Is this some sort of poem?

      It's pretty obvious by now that despite all the posturing and claims, there's absolutely no evidentiary basis whatsoever for your hypothesis, so it's something that should be filed alongside other zero evidence hypotheses for stone circles such as healing crystals, UFO landing sites, and gateways to other dimensions.

      --
      I'm not going to change your sheets again, Mr. Hastings.
    9. Re:I doubt it by Garry+Denke · · Score: 1

      University of Texas at Austin

      1. So it wasn't heavily forested, figures.
      2. So you're a religious fanatic, figures.
      3. So you can't disprove those, figures.

      Aubrey never saw the Holes

      Regards,

      Garry Denke
      http://www.atheists.org/

    10. Re:I doubt it by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'd reverse 2. and 3.

      Coward.

      University of Texas at Austin

      1. So it wasn't heavily forested, figures.
      2. So you can't disprove those, figures.
      3. So you're a religious fanatic, figures.

      Aubrey never saw the Holes

      Regards,

      Garry Denke
      http://www.atheists.org/

    11. Re:I doubt it by Garry+Denke · · Score: 1

      You're right. ( blush )

      Hey thanks everybody for your many proofs that;

      Dr. Garry Denke (1622-1699)

      rightly deserves sole credit for discovering:

      The First Stone of Stonehenge
      The Artefacts below Heel Stone
      The First Purpose of Stonehenge

      same being of course;

      Carboniferous Limestone of Stonehenge
      Ark of the Covenant below Heel Stone
      Coal Mining Purpose of Stonehenge

      See ya! And thanks again!

      Garry Denke (1955-)

    12. Re:I doubt it by Weedlekin · · Score: 1

      "1. So it wasn't heavily forested, figures."

      While you conveniently fail to address the rather obvious point there were enough trees within easy reach for them to build a large wood henge prior the stone one, construct at least 300 wooden houses around the henge, and a number of wooden platforms supported by massive tree trunks. Figures.

      "2. So you can't disprove those, figures."

      I can't disprove the idea that pixies moved the blue stones by magic, or that Santa transported them in his sleigh either, and neither can you. So by your own measure, those hypotheses are just as strong as yours, and have as much supporting evidence (i.e. none). Figures.

      "3. So you're a religious fanatic, figures."

      This is a complement coming from an obvious charlatan such as yourself. So I ask you again, Mr. Denke:

      - Who dated the axes that are at the centre of your claims, and how was it done?

      - Where is your proof for the claim that "cave chimneys" were filled in and dug out again?

      - Where is your scientific refutation of my assertion that sulphur etc. are found in significant quantities at _all_ cremation sites, and are not therefore proof that coal was used in Stonehenge cremations?

      "Aubrey never saw the Holes"

      Balderdash.

      --
      I'm not going to change your sheets again, Mr. Hastings.
    13. Re:I doubt it by Weedlekin · · Score: 1

      Answering yourself as an AC? How pathetic.

      --
      I'm not going to change your sheets again, Mr. Hastings.
    14. Re:I doubt it by Garry+Denke · · Score: 1

      University of North Texas (UNT) 900,000 years ago.
      University of Texas at Austin (UT) 800,000 years ago.

      1. "While you conveniently fail to address the rather obvious point there were enough trees within easy reach for them to build a large wood henge prior the stone one, construct at least 300 wooden houses around the henge, and a number of wooden platforms supported by massive tree trunks."

      With the little wood available already used up for housing,
      no wonder they hunted coal. Thanks for pointing that out.

      2. "I can't disprove the idea that pixies moved the blue stones by magic, or that Santa transported them in his sleigh either, and neither can you. So by your own measure, those hypotheses are just as strong as yours, and have as much supporting evidence"

      There you go, off again, with your pixies magic Santa rant,
      why do you believe in pixies magic Santa, bad childhood?

      3. "Who dated the axes that are at the centre of your claims, and how was it done?

      The UT conservative date 800,000 years ago,
      from the 800,000-year-old carbon embedded.

      - Where is your proof for the claim that "cave chimneys" were filled in and dug out again?

      In the '56 core samples of the 'Aubrey Holes'

      - Where is your scientific refutation of my assertion that sulphur etc. are found in significant quantities at _all_ cremation sites, and are not therefore proof that coal was used in Stonehenge cremations?

      Sample have anthracite and bituminous coal.

      "Aubrey never saw the Holes"

      That is true :-)

    15. Re:I doubt it by Garry+Denke · · Score: 1

      University of Texas at Austin (UT) 800,000 years ago.
      Arizona State University (ASU) 1,000,000 years ago.
      University of North Texas (UNT) 900,000 years ago.

      0. "Answering yourself as an AC?"

      What the fuck is that supposed to mean? How pathetic.

      1. "While you conveniently fail to address the rather obvious point there were enough trees within easy reach for them to build a large wood henge prior the stone one, construct at least 300 wooden houses around the henge, and a number of wooden platforms supported by massive tree trunks."

      With the little available wood already used up for housing,
      no wonder they hunted coal. Thanks for pointing that out.

      2. "I can't disprove the idea that pixies moved the blue stones by magic, or that Santa transported them in his sleigh either, and neither can you. So by your own measure, those hypotheses are just as strong as yours, and have as much supporting evidence"

      There you go, off again, with your Santa magic pixies rant,
      why do you believe in Santa magic pixies, bad childhood?

      3a. "Who dated the axes that are at the centre of your claims, and how was it done?

      The UT conservative date 800,000 years ago,
      from the 800,000-year-old embedded carbon.

      3b. "Where is your proof for the claim that "cave chimneys" were filled in and dug out again?"

      In the '56 core samples of the 'Aubrey Holes'

      3c. "Where is your scientific refutation of my assertion that sulphur etc. are found in significant quantities at _all_ cremation sites, and are not therefore proof that coal was used in Stonehenge cremations?"

      Anthracite and bituminous coal in the cores.

      "Aubrey never saw the Holes"

      That is true :-)

    16. Re:I doubt it by Weedlekin · · Score: 1

      "University of Texas at Austin (UT) 800,000 years ago.
      Arizona State University (ASU) 1,000,000 years ago.
      University of North Texas (UNT) 900,000 years ago."

      I'm sure you can cite the papers published in peer reviewed scientific journals from the people who did the dating work. I have access to most of them, including comprehensive back numbers (especially the ones pertaining to archaeology, anthropology, and palaeontology), so it doesn't matter if they're not on the Internet, or are member-only sites. This work does after all refute all current models of Homo Erectus migration and settlement in North Western Europe, so the people responsible and the universities in question would have been very anxious to publish in reputable peer reviewed journals because these are the sorts of things that make the difference between being an also-ran and a world authority on a topic.

      "What the fuck is that supposed to mean?"

      It was blindingly obvious from the layout and wording that the AC post was from yourself. You've posted this stuff all over the Internet, so your style gives you away.

      "With the little available wood already used up for housing,
      no wonder they hunted coal. Thanks for pointing that out."

      I suggest you do some reading about four topics before writing things that make you look like an ignorant fool who has no business making any claims about Neolithic Britain:

      1. The mesolithic warming period which resulted in glaciers retreating, and its effect on forest growth in North Western Europe, and Britain in particular.

      2. The mesolithic / neolithic transition, and human forest clearance for agricultural purposes.

      3. The copious amount of scientific evidence which shows that the Stonehenge site was covered with forest when the oldest post holes were made.

      4. Archaeological evidence showing the forest reclaimed Stonehenge when it was abandoned for 300 years around 2600 BCE, with forest clearing work being carried out when the site became active again.

      "There you go, off again, with your Santa magic pixies rant,
      why do you believe in Santa magic pixies, bad childhood?"

      If this is the best you can come up with, you deserve sympathy rather than contempt.

      "The UT conservative date 800,000 years ago,
      from the 800,000-year-old embedded carbon."

      These are obviously really special axes, because no other tools even approaching that age carry any organic carbon residues that are amenable to carbon dating. Of course, the fact that you're at UT could be the reason for these figures rather than than them being due to any unique attributes of the tools themselves.

      "In the '56 core samples of the 'Aubrey Holes'"

      This is a claim that you've posted all over the Internet, but you're the only one making that claim, so it's once again another case of a wild assertion by you whose supporting evidence is another wild assertion by you.

      "Anthracite and bituminous coal in the cores."

      See above.

      NB: I'm now utterly bored with your self-fabricated "evidence" and glaring ignorance of the nature of the countryside around Stonehenge during its various building phases. The fact that you post this utter tripe on every Stonehenge-related forum topic on the Internet reveals you as someone whose failure to be taken seriously by archaologists, anthropologists, and palaeontologists has resulted in an obsessive need to sit in front of a search engine looking for fora to troll in the hope of finding somebody else daft enough to believe you.

      Write whatever you like, because I won't waste any more time on your nonsense.

      --
      I'm not going to change your sheets again, Mr. Hastings.
    17. Re:I doubt it by Garry+Denke · · Score: 1

      THE WILTS AND HANTS TIMES

      COUNTY OF WILTSHIRE AND COUNTY OF HAMPSHIRE

      FRONT PAGE LEGAL NOTICE

      STONEHENGE HAS BEEN SOLD TO A TEXAS TYCOON

      1ST APRIL 1985

      In 1961 Howard Hughes, the California oilman, and Roland Totera, the Florida oilman, funded the purchase of Stonehenge for Garry Denke d/b/a A Texas Tycoon, a Texas Sole Proprietorship, recorded in the Deed Records of the County of Collin, the State of Texas. Howard Hughes, an Aviator, and Roland Totera, an Uncle, bought all rights, titles and interests in and to Stonehenge from Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, the Queen regnant of the United Kingdom by the Grace of God: before the Bay of Pigs; The National Trust, et al, for One Hundred and Forty and Four Thousand Pounds (£144,000) through their Life Estates, naming Garry Denke d/b/a A Texas Tycoon the Sole Owner of Stonehenge upon their deaths. Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II and US President John F. Kennedy: before the Bay of Pigs; The National Trust, et al, witnessed the Sale of Stonehenge transaction on 1st April 1961. As agreed by all parties, the Wilts and Hants Times: the County of Wiltshire and the County of Hampshire; respectively, made Front Page Legal Notice public announcement of the 1st April 1961 Sale of Stonehenge twenty-four (24) years after the purchase occurred, on 1st April 1985, being Garry Denke's thirtieth (30th) birthday.

      Front Page Legal Notice that STONEHENGE HAS BEEN SOLD TO A TEXAS TYCOON was publically proclaimed on 1st April 1985 as agreed, being one (1) year after the establishment of English Heritage (1st April 1984) as Guardian of A Texas Tycoon's property Stonehenge, and being one (1) year after the 1st April 1984 divesture of Howard Hughes' Life Estate Fifty Percent of Eight-Eighths Royalty Interest (50% of 8/8ths RI) in and to Garry Denke's gold mercy seat (2.5c-1.5c), gold ark of the testimony (2.5c-1.5c-1.5c), gold table for the shewbread (2c-1c-1.5c), gold candlestick, gold ephod-girdle, gold breastplate, gold altar of incense (1c-1c-2c), etc., all Exodus' Tabernacle artifacts, inside A Texas Tycoon's brasen altar of burnt offering (5c-5c-3c) located below the Garry Denke Lion head, Calf head, Man face and flying Eagle winged Heelstone sculptured creatures at Stonehenge, circled by A Texas Tycoon's twenty-four (24) Carboniferous Limestone (white stone) elder fossil species residing inside circular Heelstone Ditch, in Garry Denke's seven (7) sealed electrum stater Scroll Trench.

      Assignment of Roland Totera's Life Estate Fifty Percent of Eight-Eighths Royalty Interest (50% of 8/8ths RI) in and to A Texas Tycoon's golden seat (2.5c-1.5c), golden ark (2.5c-1.5c-1.5c), golden table (2c-1c-1.5c), golden candlestick, golden ephod-girdle, golden breastplate, golden altar (1c-1c-2c), etc., all Exodus' Tabernacle artifacts, inside Garry Denke's bronze altar (5c-5c-3c) located under A Texas Tycoon's Lion head, Calf head, Man face and flying Eagle winged Heelstone sculptured creatures at Stonehenge, circled by Garry Denke's twenty-four (24) Carboniferous Limestone (white stone) elder fossil species residing inside circular Heelstone Ditch, in A Texas Tycoon's seven (7) sealed electrum stater Scroll Trench: and Front Page Legal Notice public announcement that all rights, titles and interests in and to Stonehenge had been officially assigned and conveyed by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, the Queen regnant of the United Kingdom by the Grace of God: before the Bay of Pigs; The National Trust, et al, to Garry Denke d/b/a A Texas Tycoon; was proclaimed on 1st April 1985 as agreed by all parties.

      STONEHENGE HAS BEEN SOLD TO A TEXAS TYCOON

      http://archive.wiltshiretimes.co.uk/

      a) - "I'm sure you can cite the papers published in peer reviewed scientific journals from the people who did the dating work. I have access to most of them, including comprehensive back numbers (especially the ones pertaining to archaeology, anthropology, and palaeontology), so it doesn't matter if the

  26. Noble sacrifices if "noble" at all by gd23ka · · Score: 0

    It wouldn't surprise me if the remains found had their skulls bashed
    in as that was the method of dispatching the "volunteer" during
    sacrificial rituals of the teutonic tribes back in those very days.

    If so I would love to have man-hating enviroscum like Prince William
    ("I wish I could come back as a deadly virus") laid to rest in the shade
    of these stones... the traditional way of course ;-)

  27. The Pi King by Tablizer · · Score: 1

    Obviously its a homage to pi. The first geek king?

  28. The "Mystery" Solved by bin'home'etc · · Score: 1

    "His findings will also appear in the June issue of National Geographic and in the television special "Stonehenge Decoded," to be shown Sunday."

    What a strange coincidence(?)

    An important discovery is announced immediately before the airing of a TV program about Stonehenge featuring the same archeologist's findings.

    The mystical power of those stones is awesome!

  29. Thx for that by Britz · · Score: 1

    Because that paragraph didn't make sense to me at all. Now I understand a little better.

    Plus 500 years is a very, very long time. That would be at least twenty generations.

  30. Logic by Haxx · · Score: 1

    Well, it's about time. Science has finally started putting together logical and sane ideas about Stonehenge with evidence to prove their theory. Maybe now we can leave out Stonehenge on the brainless histories mysteries and UFO programs. Although they still discuss crop circles as alien creations even though my friend Mike is responsible for 3 of them.

    -The first thing we need to ask the first aliens we meet is weather or not they accept Jesus Christ as thier savior!

    1. Re:Logic by lazy+genes · · Score: 1

      aliens would have used the site as a hunting stand. They first would have built them out of wooden poles, they would have chased the deer into the area and speared them from the platform. Sooner or later they would have dug a ditch in the slippery mud around the platform to slow the escaping animals and increase their success rate. Eventually the poles would decay and they would use stone pillars . All the evidence is there.

    2. Re:Logic by Haxx · · Score: 1

      Seek professional help if you actually belive that.

  31. Marc Loriau by Marc_Loriau · · Score: 1

    I would like to believe it is much, much more than that. Marc Loriau

  32. YEEEEHAW!!!! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
    1. Re:YEEEEHAW!!!! by Garry+Denke · · Score: 1

      Salisbury Plain 1656 Coal Dusters

      Yes, after the Ancient coal prospect was excavated and found being a duster, Stonehenge uses blossomed into many. Very, very, very many. The Ancient of days beneath Helestone. Coal explorationist family resting place. International olympic sports athletes graves. So many uses in fact, that after the Ancient Ice Ages' survival fuel was not found there, that I make no attempt to list any of them; Save the Ancient favorite; "STONEHENGE: An Olympic Stadium". Why? Because as James Hutton and John Playfair have said, and as Charles Lyell's Principles of Geology (1830) summarise;

      "The present is the key to the past."

      The Robin McKie article is right on target. Now that the mystery of Stonehenge is gone, and all the mysteries of its associated sites are gone, Wiltshire's tourism industry is ruined. Thanks a lot Mr. & Ms. Scientist, why could you have not left these ditches and holes alone with their eternal secrets. Now there is no tourism industry here on Salisbury Plain, its just one huge brimstone cremated Coal duster. "Well thank God that the seven (7) artefacts are beneath Heelstone," says Wiltshire's tourism industry, "Without them how would any of us survive? Yes thank God they are there."

      Stonehenge Improvement Program

      1. Stonehenge Visitor Centre located near Airman's Corner (A344 / A360) between North and West sources of G-d's rock collection.
      2. Long-bored twin carriageway tunnels 10-kilometres (6.2-miles) length beneath the A303 / A344 / A360 highways at Stonehenge.
      3. New junctions, bypasses, flyovers, underpasses: Airman's Corner, Longbarrow & Countess Roundabouts, Winterbourne Stoke.

      http://www.theyworkforyou.com/user/?u=3440

  33. Bad design by TaoJones · · Score: 1

    It was supposed to read: "This place is not a place of honor... no highly esteemed deed is commemorated here"...

    --
    "Fear is the rootkit of democracy.." Blarkon
  34. Re:What does this have to do with cyber-technology by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Wichsend, Wichsend, Wichsend!