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Paul Vixie Responds To DNS Hole Skeptics

syncro writes "The recent massive, multi-vendor DNS patch advisory related to DNS cache poisoning vulnerability, discovered by Dan Kaminsky, has made headline news. However, the secretive preparation prior to the July 8th announcement and hype around a promised full disclosure of the flaw by Dan on August 7 at the Black Hat conference has generated a fair amount of backlash and skepticism among hackers and the security research community. In a post on CircleID, Paul Vixie offers his usual straightforward response to these allegations. The conclusion: 'Please do the following. First, take the advisory seriously — we're not just a bunch of n00b alarmists, if we tell you your DNS house is on fire, and we hand you a fire hose, take it. Second, take Secure DNS seriously, even though there are intractable problems in its business and governance model — deploy it locally and push on your vendors for the tools and services you need. Third, stop complaining, we've all got a lot of work to do by August 7 and it's a little silly to spend any time arguing when we need to be patching.'"

34 of 147 comments (clear)

  1. I'm not worried by niceone · · Score: 5, Funny

    I just remember the IP addresses and type them in myself. How hard is that?

    1. Re:I'm not worried by socsoc · · Score: 4, Interesting

      That's really hard on web servers that host multiple domains on a single IP. Virtual hosting isn't exactly a new idea.

    2. Re:I'm not worried by Klaus_1250 · · Score: 5, Funny

      Why is that hard? Still works with IP-addresses. The only thing you need to do is to supply the Host-field as per HTTP/1.1.

      --
      It only takes one man to change the Wisdom of the Crowd to Tyranny of the Masses.
    3. Re:I'm not worried by cnettel · · Score: 4, Funny

      I just remember the IP addresses and type them in myself. How hard is that?

      That's all well and dandy until banner ads start flashing subliminal messages of unauthorized zone updates to you.

    4. Re:I'm not worried by Toutatis · · Score: 4, Funny

      How can you know then that the flaw isn't in your mind too.

    5. Re:I'm not worried by Atti+K. · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Where did you get thet? From a (unpatched!) DNS server maybe?

      --
      .sig: No such file or directory
    6. Re:I'm not worried by Nullav · · Score: 5, Funny

      Hey!
      I am an unpatched DNS server, you insensitive clod!

      --
      I just read Slashdot for the articles.
    7. Re:I'm not worried by Lennie · · Score: 4, Funny

      That's why 'smart' people use /etc/hosts. That solves the problem of remembering and of the HTTP-host-header.

      --
      New things are always on the horizon
  2. The back-biting is shameful by hal9000(jr) · · Score: 5, Insightful

    this article at information week said it best the day after the announcement.

    Geez, if you want responsible disclosure, you have to trust the experts when they say "it's new and it's bad"

    1. Re:The back-biting is shameful by wild_quinine · · Score: 4, Funny

      If there's one thing that everyone should have learned by now, if someone says "trust me", you should be skeptical.

      No, you're off message. They need to click continue, because the screen has gone all dark and they can't get back to their web browser.

    2. Re:The back-biting is shameful by tyler.willard · · Score: 4, Interesting

      This issue may be huge. But without all the necessary information, you can't make an informed decision as to whether or not you believe it is.

      That same information that allows you to make an "informed decision", as you so blithely put it, puts the integrity of the entire infrastructure and, more to the point, the information security of a whole lof of people at tremendous risk. Dammit, that's the whole point of the OP's observation and why people argue about disclosure in the first place.

    3. Re:The back-biting is shameful by Goaway · · Score: 4, Insightful

      So, you figure eighty vendors coordinated a simultaneous patch for some issue that is not really a big deal, probably just some guys vying for attention?

    4. Re:The back-biting is shameful by tyler.willard · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Maybe then we wouldn't have software vendors taking weeks, months or years to patch remotely exploitable bugs (yes, I'm looking at YOU, Microsoft)

      Sure you would; and the blame for any damage would be blamed on who made the disclosure.

      There is nothing wrong with how this was/is being handled. Limited disclosure with a solid and "reasonable" deadline is a perfectly fine way to balance the myriad issues with security threats.

    5. Re:The back-biting is shameful by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Geez, if you want responsible disclosure, you have to trust the experts when they say "it's new and it's bad"

      I don't want "irresponsible disclosure". I don't want to be vulnerable, while major corporations get to do marketing damage control. They had a hole. Ok, everyone makes mistakes. They found the hole. Great, then we can do something about it. Or not, because they kept quiet about it while secretly writing the fixes. They kept quiet about it for long enough that even Microsoft had fixes ready.

      Meanwhile, peoples DNS servers have been exploitable. Yes, they were exploitable before that, but no good guys knew, and bad guys tend to keep information to themselves, so they can keep expanding their botnets.

      But at least their image wasn't damaged by "you don't even have a patch yet? How many months is it going to take? (See Microsoft Internet Explorer)". The only victims were unsuspecting customers, who didn't turn the damn thing off (or at least replaced it with something like djbdns), because they weren't told that it was broken in the first place.

      The "good guys" kept the information to themselves, until they had done their part. Just like the bad guys do. So where's the difference between the bad guys and the "good guys"?

      Paul himself compared it with a house being on fire. If your neighbours house was on fire, would you be working in secret to fireproof the fence, and then tell your neighbour a few days later, "oh, btw, your house is on fire, started a couple of days ago. Here's a fire hose, see if anything can still be saved"?

      They didn't take the hole seriously enough to warn us before "marketing damage control" was done. Why should we take it more seriously?

    6. Re:The back-biting is shameful by repvik · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Vixie claims that "Everything we thought we knew was wrong", but at the same time, we know that there are DNS systems and services that did not have this vulnerability, so obviously some people had already given this type of issue some thought.

      No. Not all dns systems/services may be vulnerable, but this might not be because of forethought but rather a different design paradigm (buzzword alert, I know). They might just have been designed differently for other reasons, and non-vulnerability to this exact flaw may be a side-effect.

    7. Re:The back-biting is shameful by Lennie · · Score: 3, Informative

      It was because of forethought of one man, DJB (Bernstein).

      --
      New things are always on the horizon
    8. Re:The back-biting is shameful by Lennie · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Not in this case, in this case seeing the source changes doesn't really help, it's more like a protocol-design-flaw. And the bugfix is just a workaround.

      --
      New things are always on the horizon
  3. Doctors make the worst patients by wild_quinine · · Score: 5, Insightful
    ... and IT admins make the worst end users.

    Knowing how to run a system is not purely technical knowledge, it's also a measure of professional ability. That means knowing when to take advice, and knowing who to take it from.

  4. Re:What is Secure DNS by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

    "The Domain Name System Security Extensions (DNSSEC) are a suite of IETF specifications for securing certain kinds of information provided by the Domain Name System (DNS) as used on Internet Protocol (IP) networks. It is a set of extensions to DNS which provide to DNS clients (resolvers):

            * Origin authentication of DNS data.
            * Data integrity.
            * Authenticated denial of existence."

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNSSEC

  5. So, are we all compiling from source all the time? by SlappyBastard · · Score: 3, Insightful

    All paranoid theories about this issue sort of ignore the fact that unless you plan to install hundreds (or even thousands) of systems from your own compiled source for years and years to come, all of this discussion is at best academic.

    The new distros are going to have the patch.

    And really, considering the number of prehistoric vulnerabilities that should have been patched, that this one is finally getting patched is fine.

    Yeah, there's a bit of "trust me" factor here with this patch, but a lot of good people are putting their credibility on the line for this patch.

    All of this whole FOSS thing entails a lot of trust. I mean, you're really telling me that everyone on here whining about the need to see the source code has read every line of code in every OS they're using? There is a level at which we're all sort of hoping that the guys interested in each of the particular parts of the OS have done a thorough job in their separate efforts.

    --
    I scream. You scream. I assume that means we're both acquainted with the problem. We proceed.
  6. Re:Unfortunately, what else is new? by danFL-NERaves · · Score: 5, Funny

    Your mad ad hominem attack skills have convinced everyone that Paul Vixie is the know nothing douchebag in this conversation. Kudos!

  7. Re:Unfortunately, what else is new? by gregmark · · Score: 4, Informative

    Randomizing UDP source ports does not solve the problem, it only makes it more difficult to impersonate the responding DNS server. Secure DNS makes this kind of impersonation impossible, or at least allows us to bask in the warm glow of impossible.

    The DJB vs BIND thing is an illusion. Whatever everyone agrees is the best implementation should win and I doubt that Paul Vixie or anyone else at ISC thinks differently.

    But it has become abundantly clear to me that DJB and his minions (of which I assume you are one) have failed to matter in most ways, not because of your ideas, but because of the brusque, immature manner in which those ideas are submitted for consideration, outside the standards committees which have served the Internet well for 30 years.

  8. Re:Unfortunately, what else is new? by MadMidnightBomber · · Score: 3, Funny

    You broke my sarcasm meter.

    --
    "It doesn't cost enough, and it makes too much sense."
  9. So its not the same flaw? by BOFslime · · Score: 4, Informative

    I'm having trouble with Paul Vixies' line:

    Q: "This is the same attack as described way back in ."
    A: No, it's not.

    When Dan Kaminsky states in his blog.

    "DJB was right. All those years ago, Dan J. Bernstein was right: Source Port Randomization should be standard on every name server in production use."
    and
    " 1) It's a bug in many platforms 2) It's the exact same bug in many platforms (design bugs, they are a pain) " How is this not the same flaw DJB described?

    1. Re:So its not the same flaw? by hal9000(jr) · · Score: 4, Informative

      1) It's a bug in many platforms 2) It's the exact same bug in many platforms (design bugs, they are a pain) " How is this not the same flaw DJB described?

      You are looking at two separate issues. The flaw Kaminsky found is apparently a newly discovered design flaw that makes DNS forging easy even with todays, unpatched DNS servers. In the advisory, they discussed previous problems with generating the transactionID to explain the problem and point out that what Dan found is not something already known (alot of people missed that very obvious point).

      The second seperate, issue is UDP source port randomization. That is what Kaminsky was referring to DJB's solution. Kaminsky's assertion is that UDP source port is a good development practice which DJB incorporated into his DNS server.

      Bear in mind that UDP source port generation doesn't solve the underlying problem, it simply makes blind DNS forging more difficult because now an attacker has to guess both a pseudo random transaction ID and a pseudo random UDP source port number. Alot of DNS servers and OS, simply picked source port numbers incrementally or in the case of a DNS server, re-used the some one over and over.

      I don't know hom much more difficult DNS forging will be by randomizing the UDP source port numbers. The additional keyspace is (2^16-1023) and you can probably divide that in half again. But it's better then nothing and probably provides enough time (the time it would take an attacker to blindly guess the transactionID and UDP source port number) for the actual response to hit the DNS server. In DNS, the first response wins.

    2. Re:So its not the same flaw? by xrayspx · · Score: 3, Informative

      DJB's source port randomization makes it much much harder to exploit the main bug, which is apparently a fundamental flaw in the DNS. We'll know on the 7th what that flaw is, but until DNSSEC or something similar is implemented, source port randomization will mitigate the risk until such time that the root cause is fixed.

  10. It's all a liberal plot by spun · · Score: 4, Funny

    DNS cache poisoning is a myth cooked up by the liberal media and DNS scientists to implement their anti capitalist agenda.

    And if it isn't a myth, then it certainly isn't man made, it's a natural phenomenon and there's nothing we can do about it.

    --
    - None can love freedom heartily, but good men; the rest love not freedom, but license. -- John Milton
  11. Re:ATTENTION MODERATORS: MOD PARENT DOWN by spun · · Score: 3, Funny

    Uh oh, somebody call the whaaaaambulance, we're going to need to perform a humor transplant here!

    --
    - None can love freedom heartily, but good men; the rest love not freedom, but license. -- John Milton
  12. A simple test to run by GeorgeK · · Score: 4, Informative

    In a comment to a question I posted for the CircleID article, Paul Vixie posted a nice and simple test that people can run to see how vulnerable they are:

    dig porttest.dns-oarc.net in txt

    FAIR or GOOD means you're ok, but POOR (which is the result I got) means you should be worried.

    1. Re:A simple test to run by jroysdon · · Score: 3, Informative

      Many older named.conf configs have "query-source port 53;". While this is nice for firewalls to open up DNS traffic (assuming replies from source udp/53 to destination udp/53 (your query port) are always safe), it makes it easy to exploit.

      This must be removed and those nameserver restarted. I had to do this with all of my servers, otherwise all queries come from the same port (53). Complain to your ISP if you find this to be the case with their DNS servers and in the meantime use some other DNS servers.

      My two local Comcast resolves show "Poor" as the ports they use only have a standard deviation of 130-150, which I guess is assumed to be far too obvious and easy to keep bombarding.

      Second, your NAT router may be de-randomizing your DNS queries if you run a resolver at home, and taking your random ports and putting them in order starting at 1024 (or something similar).

      My own local/internal DNS servers shows as a std dev of 9 since my PAT router is de-randomizing the external ports. I'll be replacing my PAT router.

      Third, your NAT router may be your DNS resolver and may not be using random source ports.

  13. Re:ATTENTION MODERATORS: MOD PARENT DOWN by Goaway · · Score: 3, Funny

    User ID 1352 trollin' it old skool!

  14. Re:Unfortunately, what else is new? by Znork · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Secure DNS makes this kind of impersonation impossible

    Mmm, no. It makes this kind of impersonation possible by anyone who can coerce/corrupt/control some part of the chain of trust.

    outside the standards committees which have served the Internet well for 30 years.

    Actually, on the topic of security and cryptography, I'd say the standards committees have failed the internet pretty badly. The apparent fixation with providing Verisign with revenue streams has gotten in the way of designing acceptable trust systems.

    The only result that the fixation with certificates and authorities has gotten us is a situation wherein everyone is becoming their own authority and nobody cares about certificate warnings anymore.

    If one wanted to repair the systematic damage by now, the best way would be to simply scrap the CA's out of browsers and anywhere else and just add a way to easily add specific CA's for each new domain/service provider one comes in contact with.

  15. Diffusion of Responsibility by CrankyFool · · Score: 3, Informative

    You're looking for Diffusion of Responsibility, made famous by the incident in which Kitty Genovese was murdered within earshot of a whole bunch of people, all of whom thought "damnit, someone should do something about this!"

  16. Re:What is Secure DNS by _Knots · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Unfortunately, as Vixie admits, DNSSEC has intractable problems and is... well, let's be generous and say "pushed too quickly through the standards process". (See http://cr.yp.to./djbdns/forgery.html; in particular, Vixie's observation 'We are still doing basic research on what kind of data model will work for dns security. After three or four times of saying "NOW we've got it, THIS TIME for sure" there's finally some humility in the picture... "wonder if THIS'll work?" ...' [this was _after_ several DNSSEC RFCs were approved and intended to be implemented were shown to be utter crap.])

    Encouraging people to use DNSSEC is just about as useful as encouraging people to use HOSTS.TXT. OK, I exaggerate a bit, but it's simply not going to solve the problem, is going to expose zones to arbitrary enumeration (remember, The Internet community discouraged answering AXFR requests from the Internet at large presumably for a reason), and is going to introduce much larger computational demands of DNS servers that implement it.

    (Here's a thought: most of this forgery comes from my ability to guess your DNS cache / resolver's query port and request ID. Come IPv6, we could surely add 48+ bits of entropy to the process by having DNS servers listen on a prefix of addresses. Much simpler, if gross.)

    --
    Anarchy$ dd if=/dev/random of=~/.signature bs=120 count=1