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RIAA's $222k Verdict Is Likely To Be Set Aside

NewYorkCountryLawyer writes "Apparently the RIAA's 'big gun' didn't fare so well this morning in Duluth, when he tried to persuade the judge in Capitol v. Thomas that the part of the Copyright Act which says 'by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending', can be disregarded. According to an in-person account by Wired.com the Judge indicated that he is likely to grant a mistrial, setting aside the $222,000 jury verdict based upon his incorrect jury instruction, and that he will probably hand down his decision in September. Just yesterday some of the same lawyers got rebuffed by the US Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit in their attempt to argue that Cablevision's online storage for its customers constitutes a copyright infringement, in Cartoon Network v. CSC Holdings. There, too, the content owners had argued that the wording of the Copyright Act did not mean what it said. There, too, the Court politely but firmly disagreed."

38 of 224 comments (clear)

  1. Infringing your own copyright by gbulmash · · Score: 5, Insightful
    The part that bugs me is where Toder (defense lawyer) says that the plaintiff can't introduce evidence of the investigators downloading files from the defendant. According to TFA:

    Those downloads, Toder said, cannot be considered unauthorized downloads because the RIAA authorized them.

    I don't think that's going to stand up. Undercover cops buy drugs and the state doesn't have to prosecute them for buying them. Why couldn't investigators "illegally" download copyrighted material and still have it considered infringing on the part of the defendant, but not be prosecuted?

    Not defending the RIAA, but just pointing out something that seems illogical to me.

    1. Re:Infringing your own copyright by jrl87 · · Score: 5, Insightful

      As I understand it, it is because the undercover cops are legally sanctioned to conduct investigations (provided the follow all the proper laws/regulations). However, that doesn't mean I can buy drugs and then give said drugs to the court as evidence that whomever I bought them from is a dealer. There is most certainly a probability of some sort of conflict of interest. Perhaps I am a drug dealer, and simply don't like my neighbor.

      In any case, the RIAA is not using (or so it seems on /.) legitimate means to go undercover (ie unlicensed investigators). They are in some effect being a vigilante (or trying to anyway).

    2. Re:Infringing your own copyright by the+eric+conspiracy · · Score: 3, Interesting

      The reason this may stand up is that in the drug case it is SELLING the drugs that is illegal. In copyright law it is making the copies that is illegal. So -

      in the drug bust the cops observe the dealer selling drugs; i.e. the illegal act.

      in the copyright case making available is not the illegal act. The party making the copies (i.e. downloading) is the only one committing the illegal act.

    3. Re:Infringing your own copyright by OverlordQ · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Undercover cops buy drugs in the course of performing their duties as a law enforcement officer and the state doesn't have to prosecute them for buying them.

      Fixed that for ya.

      --
      Your hair look like poop, Bob! - Wanker.
    4. Re:Infringing your own copyright by whoever57 · · Score: 4, Informative

      I don't think that's going to stand up. Undercover cops buy drugs and the state doesn't have to prosecute them for buying them.

      You missed the point. The problem for the RIAA is that when they downloaded the files, they were authorized to download the files (as representatives of the copyright holders) and thus, because this was an authorized download it does not provide evidence of a copyright violation. It's really a catch-22 situation for the copyright holders.

      --
      The real "Libtards" are the Libertarians!
    5. Re:Infringing your own copyright by Tmack · · Score: 4, Informative

      The part that bugs me is where Toder (defense lawyer) says that the plaintiff can't introduce evidence of the investigators downloading files from the defendant. According to TFA:

      Those downloads, Toder said, cannot be considered unauthorized downloads because the RIAA authorized them.

      I don't think that's going to stand up. Undercover cops buy drugs and the state doesn't have to prosecute them for buying them. Why couldn't investigators "illegally" download copyrighted material and still have it considered infringing on the part of the defendant, but not be prosecuted?...

      The reason undercover cops arent charged is because they are officers of the law, and are thus believed to be pursuing the upholding of the law. See entrapement as it relates to undercover cops "selling" illegal drugs. Since the RIAA "Investigators", many of whom are not even licensed, they are not officers of the law, and thus should not face the same privilege. For similar reasons, setting up your own drug sting operation to help cleanup your neighborhood by trying to sell oregano will probably get you thrown in jail instead of any "customers" you might catch. The defense is arguing that if the investigators are not liable for downloading the content illegally, then the content must be authorized by the RIAA. In this case, its like they sent their own "Johns" out on the street to find prostitutes, and then rather than turning over their own Johns after the deed is done, only turn over the prostitutes, all while not being official law enforcement agents. They are overstepping their rights and should not be afforded the privilege they have assumed.

      Tm

      --
      Support TBI Research: http://www.raisinhope.org
    6. Re:Infringing your own copyright by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

      So, genius, explain to me how you upload something without making a copy. I mean, are you seriously telling me that you were able to post a copy without first copying the post into the HTTP request, followed by Slashdot copying the post into its database?

      My understanding is that downloading has been ruled legal in a few countries (notably NOT the US) because the first copy was made on the uploading side.

      So sending a file would be illegal, as the first copy of the file created exists on the uploader's side.

      Unless you're suggesting that the uploader did nothing wrong but somehow a set of bytes that just so happen to be copyrighted material managed to arrive at the investigator's computer from packets marked as being from the uploader's computer.

      Somehow that doesn't seem very likely.

      Seriously, everyone knows that both the uploading AND the downloading are blatantly illegal. Don't kid yourself. Both involve making copies. First the uploader copies it into IP packets, then the downloader copies from the IP packets to reassemble the final file.

      Both sides copy, and as you say, the act of copying without permission is illegal.

    7. Re:Infringing your own copyright by Just+Some+Guy · · Score: 4, Informative

      I don't think that's going to stand up. Undercover cops buy drugs and the state doesn't have to prosecute them for buying them. Why couldn't investigators "illegally" download copyrighted material and still have it considered infringing on the part of the defendant, but not be prosecuted?

      Sharing music is not inherently illegal. Copyright violation only exists when a copy is made without authorization of the copyright owner or some special circumstances (fair use, media shifting, etc.). If a copyright owner or their agent transfers a song, no violation has occurred. Contrast with a drug deal which is always against the law.

      --
      Dewey, what part of this looks like authorities should be involved?
    8. Re:Infringing your own copyright by Dancindan84 · · Score: 5, Insightful

      The library makes copyrighted works available and they aren't at fault if someone violates copyright using one.

      --
      "Always forgive your enemies; nothing annoys them so much." - Oscar Wilde
    9. Re:Infringing your own copyright by dgatwood · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Basically, it's the same as a library making CDs available for borrowing and providing a CD copier. As I understand it, if you as the borrower are making the copies, even if the library provides the equipment, you are violating copyright, not the library. Not sure if that theory has been tested in court, though. But yeah, one could reasonably interpret copyright law to indicate that the downloaders are violating copyright, not the people making it available. This differs from hosted storage in which the person who uploaded it to the server initially was making an unauthorized copy, i.e. both parties committed a copyright violation.

      Of course, when they were going after downloaders, everyone screamed and said that they should go after the people making it available in the first place. I don't think there's any way for these folks to win... except... oh... maybe not suing their fans.

      --

      Check out my sci-fi/humor trilogy at PatriotsBooks.

    10. Re:Infringing your own copyright by Red+Flayer · · Score: 3, Interesting

      In copyright law it is making the copies that is illegal.

      This is not true, which is kind of the point of the judgment being referred to.

      It is distributing copies that is illegal. You can make as many copies as you want, but if you rent them out, sell them, etc, then you are in trouble.

      The party making the copies (i.e. downloading) is the only one committing the illegal act.

      You're pretty close there... but making the copy is not the problem. The problem is downloading it. If I were to log into your computer remotely, and copy all your copyrighted media files to the same computer, that is not a violation. Transmitting the files? That's a copyright violation.

      --
      "Trolls they were, but filled with the evil will of their master: a fell race..." -- J.R.R. Tolkien on Olog-hai
    11. Re:Infringing your own copyright by whoever57 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      If I'm handing out copies of the latest Josh Grobin CD and I hand one to Josh Grobin himself (he's probably the only one who would take it) that doesn't suddenly make it okay for me to be handing them out, even to him. He didn't give me permission to distribute, I just happened to hand it to the one person who could give me permission.

      I don't think your example is applicable. To make it closer to the real event: imagine that I offer to make copies of Josh Grobin's CD and the only person who asks for a copy is Josh Grobin. I stress "asks", because that is what happens with P2P. There is no evidence that anyone else received a copy, so a court has to assume that no-one else did receive a copy. Now, do you think that the copy that Josh asked for was unauthorized?

      --
      The real "Libtards" are the Libertarians!
    12. Re:Infringing your own copyright by AK+Marc · · Score: 4, Informative

      I don't think that's going to stand up. Undercover cops buy drugs and the state doesn't have to prosecute them for buying them. Why couldn't investigators "illegally" download copyrighted material and still have it considered infringing on the part of the defendant, but not be prosecuted?

      Because the criminal requirements are that if someone believes they are committing a crime, then they are. If there is a buy for drugs and it's flour, it's still a crime. If someone shoots into a trunk they previously locked someone in with the intent of killing them, it could be tried as attempted murder even if the person was moved from the trunk and was in no actual harm. However, civil cases are different. Most require that you get actual damage. If someone tries to break a contract and believes they did break a contract, they still aren't guilty of breaking it unless there is some harm to the other side. You can't sue someone if they didn't harm you.

      If he "makes available" something, but no copies were made, then there was no loss. If he makes something available and the only person that makes the "illegal" copy is the copyright owner or their agent, then there was no loss. Without a loss, there can be no civil case.

      Not defending the RIAA, but just pointing out something that seems illogical to me.

      You have pointed out another reason why they are pressing hard for making all infringements, including incidental non-commercial infringement into crimes, rather than simply "illegal" (but requiring civil actions). There is a different set of rules for civil suits (not to mention the cost of prosecution) and they favor the RIAA if these are all criminalized.

    13. Re:Infringing your own copyright by Pseudonym · · Score: 4, Insightful

      So, genius, explain to me how you upload something without making a copy.

      I don't know why you got modded down as a troll. You ask a very important question which, fortunately in this case, has a very simple answer:

      Jammie Thomas isn't accused of uploading, she is accused of "making available". If you have a file that you have the legal rights to, and you happen to put it on your hard drive in a place where your file sharing software (which you only use for legal purposes) can find it (presumably by accident), then you're "making available" even if no upload happened.

      --
      sub f{($f)=@_;print"$f(q{$f});";}f(q{sub f{($f)=@_;print"$f(q{$f});";}f});
    14. Re:Infringing your own copyright by whoever57 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      The relevant question the court would ask is "Did you know it was Josh Grobin when you made the copy for him?".

      Would a court ask this? I don't recall seeing intent in any copyright statues that I have read (not that I claim to be an expert on the subject of copyright). Essentially, what you are suggesting is that the court should say: "in the hypothetical case that the person requesting the file did not have permission, the defendant would have violated copyright". The problem is that courts don't make awards (or, should not) on the basis of hypothetical violations.

      To use a car analogy, it's like being given a speeding ticket by a cop who states "had the defendant not seen me, he would have been speeding down this stretch of road, so we can presume that he is guilty".

      --
      The real "Libtards" are the Libertarians!
    15. Re:Infringing your own copyright by fredklein · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Most libraries have a copy machine in them. So, Person 'A' walks into a library, takes a book off the shelf, walks over tot he library's copy machine, and copies the book.

      Who's responsible? Person 'A' who did the copying? Or the library for 'making available' the copier??

    16. Re:Infringing your own copyright by Banzai042 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I'm honestly not sure they could ever successfully bring a lawsuit against somebody for downloading only. INAL, but as I understand it anybody who purchases a CD (or other physical media) is legally allowed to download a song on that CD because they have already paid for a license of that song. Therefore the RIAA would have a difficult time proving anybody didn't have a right to download a song at the time that they did. All it would take is the defendant holding up a copy of the CD that they purchased in front of the court and the RIAA's case goes out the window. The RIAA can't even prove when the defendant purchased the CD because if it is purchased with cash there is no trail connecting the defendant with a specific purchase event.

    17. Re:Infringing your own copyright by Zironic · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Fair use gives you the right to make backup copies, downloading the song from the internet is the same as making a backup copy.

    18. Re:Infringing your own copyright by plantman-the-womb-st · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Seriously, everyone knows that both the uploading AND the downloading are blatantly illegal.

      These are not criminal matters, they are civil. Copyright infringement is not illegal. It may cause damages to the party infringed upon, but that party must pursue the matter in civil court. Seriously, walk into a police station holding a burned CD full of MP3s and demand to be arrested. They will laugh at you, because it is not a crime.

      --
      Say bad words about my book, in cold oatmeal, or I shall sue!
    19. Re:Infringing your own copyright by krondell · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Ah, but isn't it? That's the crux of the RIAA's problem - that digital data is perfectly reproducible. What's the difference between downloading a ripped mp3 and doing it yourself if the resulting files are identical? Effort?

    20. Re:Infringing your own copyright by NewYorkCountryLawyer · · Score: 3, Informative

      The act of downloading, without copyright holder's approval is illegal.

      Incorrect statement of law.

      The judge in this case is deciding whether the RIAA has to prove anybody downloaded any music.

      Incorrect statement of law.

      From the "Wired" article: "At issue is whether the RIAA needs to prove that copyrighted music offered by a defendant on a peer-to-peer network was actually downloaded by anyone."

      Incorrect statement of law.

      If the RIAA can't prove anyone downloaded music

      Incorrect statement of the issue

      he may vacate the defendant's conviction.

      There is no "conviction", and his decision to set aside the jury verdict has nothing to do with what the RIAA can "prove" it has to do with whether the jury instruction was wrong.

      Further it says the "judge said that the Copyright Act appears to outlaw only an actual transfer of copyrighted material."

      Incorrect statement of law.

      For an accurate statement of the law applicable to yesterday's argument, please go to Section 3 here.

      --
      Ray Beckerman +5 Insightful
  2. Don't celebrate yet. by Hatta · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Even if the 'making available' argument doesn't stand under current law, you can expect attempted copyright infringement to be made illegal when congress gets back from vacation.

    --
    Give me Classic Slashdot or give me death!
  3. Brilliant by Nefarious+Wheel · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I think it's an indication that judges do read ABA journals, that word does get around, and that perhaps there is a hope that these tactics are being exposed for what they are, a colossal rort of the legal system for private gain. You can fool some of the people some of the time, and some of the people all of the time, but you can't fool all of the people all of the time, it appears.

    --
    Do not mock my vision of impractical footwear
  4. Re:Mistrial? WTF by NormalVisual · · Score: 5, Interesting

    but to set aside a jury's verdict is fairly unamerican

    Not when the judge in question gave an incorrect interpretation regarding a point of law to the jury that almost certainly affected the verdict. I think it's a sign of a pretty good judge when he has the balls to say he made a mistake big enough to warrant a do-over.

    --
    Please stand clear of the doors, por favor mantenganse alejado de las puertas
  5. Re:Mistrial? WTF by terrymr · · Score: 4, Insightful

    did you read the part where it said the verdict would be set aside because of bad jury instructions ... if the jury gave the wrong answer because they were asked the wrong question it should be set aside.

  6. Re:lucky for her, really by shentino · · Score: 3, Funny

    If MediaSentry hacked her to frame her, I wouldn't be the least bit surprised.

    R3 got DoS'ed by them, after all.

  7. Don't bother cheering. We're all screwed. by The+Breeze · · Score: 5, Insightful

    None of this means a damned thing if the RIAA succeeds in getting their private gestapo made into an arm of the Department of Justice. Remember, they are pushing a bill to create a Federal framework for billing the US Government for both civil and criminal actions using Federal officers to do their dirty work. Even if you don't download music, you're gonna pay through the nose in tax dollars and the loss of more civil rights as the government bureaucrats try to ram through new laws to "support their mission" - mandatory ISP snooping and filtering, legitimized abuse of due process, lower standards of evidence, and a grab bag of laws to "protect jobs" (that's the rationale being currently used to get this bill passed). We're setting ourselves up for an Orwellian nightmare of epic proportions if this nightmare passes.

  8. Mistrial is not a set-aside... by argent · · Score: 3, Insightful

    He's not saying that the Jury's verdict is wrong, he's saying that the decision was made on incorrect information. The fact that they based their decision on were wrong. If a Jury found a man guilty of murder but it turned out that the prosecution had hidden facts that would have exonerated the defendant, would you consider that "unamerican"?

  9. Re:Mistrial? WTF by NormalVisual · · Score: 3, Informative

    I, personally, am an adherent to the principle of jury nullification.

    As was John Jay, the first Chief Justice of the U.S. The really sad thing is that all jurors should already be aware of their absolute rights as arbiters of facts *and* the law, but peoples' knowledge of how their own government works is a joke nowadays.

    --
    Please stand clear of the doors, por favor mantenganse alejado de las puertas
  10. Re:Mistrial? WTF by AK+Marc · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Look, I'm no fan of the RIAA, but to set aside a jury's verdict is fairly unamerican. A jury listened to the facts, contemplated the charges, and rendered a verdict.

    They were essentially mis-instructed in the charges.

    Setting that aside is something that courts should be loathe to do, and should only be done at the appellate level by seasoned, reasoned jurists.

    Lawyers are officers of the court. They must act within the bounds of the court process. To give purposefully misleading information to the judge is outside what they are supposed to do. The judge is not and can not be an expert in everything. The lawyers in the case are supposed to bring up everything relevant, and the judge decides points of law and the juries points of fact. But, the judge decided a point of law incorrectly, essentially because the lawyers on one side lied to the judge. That is a violation of the process and should require a mistrial. The jury made a decision based on incorrect instructions. Thus the decision they made may have been correct based on their information, but may not have been correct if they were properly instructed. The judge gave them one last chance to convince him that the information provided to the judge was correct, and he indicated that he does not believe the instructions he gave the jury were correct, and thus he should declare a mistrial.

    As for whether that's right or wrong or whatever, that's what's happening here, and well within the rules of order. It was started because the lawyers on one side misinformed the judge. And that's simply not allowed.

  11. Re:lucky for her, really by easyTree · · Score: 4, Interesting

    I'm not siding with the RIAA..

    That's perhaps the fourth time I've seen that in this thread. RIAA trolls sure do have a lot of free time.

  12. Re:This is Soooo Funny by Nefarious+Wheel · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Watch as yet another RIAA lawyer makes a complete ass of himself... and in the Midwestern normal town capital of the world no less... why do i feel like Garrison Kieler should be commenting on this.

    In Hollywood, where the artists are strong, the music is paid for, and all the lawyers are below average.

    --
    Do not mock my vision of impractical footwear
  13. Re:lucky for her, really by NewYorkCountryLawyer · · Score: 3, Interesting

    I'm not siding with the RIAA..

    That's perhaps the fourth time I've seen that in this thread. RIAA trolls sure do have a lot of free time.

    Dear easyTree, I hope you get modded up for your astute RIAA troll-detection skills. I've noticed that this shill who writes these things always loves to start off with something like that. "Nobody hates the RIAA more than me, but......" "I'm no fan of the RIAA, but..." "Sure I don't like their heavy handed methods, but...." I've seen a million of them. It's the surest tip-off. The saving grace of these guys is their bottomless stupidity.

    --
    Ray Beckerman +5 Insightful
  14. Re:lucky for her, really by mooingyak · · Score: 3, Funny

    I'm no fan of the RIAA, but I like my toast to come out of the toaster before it's burnt.
    Sure I don't like their heavy handed methods, but my next door neighbor has a gigantic dog that actually outmasses me.

    I just want to mess with your statistics on this one :)

    --
    William of Ockham had no beard. The most likely explanation is that it was chewed off by squirrels every morning.
  15. Re:lucky for her, really by NewYorkCountryLawyer · · Score: 4, Informative

    since she was found to have used the same username for her file sharing app as she did for email and other websites, I think anyone who thinks she wasn't guilty of filesharing is being silly

    I guess you're not familiar with the facts. There was ZERO evidence that she had used the "file sharing app". There was evidence that(a) her computer had been malfunctioning, and (b) someone had used a "file sharing app", and (c) that someone had used defendant's frequent user name. The techie from Best Buy testified that the computer was irretrievably corrupted and infected. I.e., all of the facts were completely consistent with a 'zombie' situation.

    --
    Ray Beckerman +5 Insightful
  16. Copying != copyright infringement by sjbe · · Score: 5, Insightful

    So, genius, explain to me how you upload something without making a copy.

    Typically it is legal to make a copy of material under fair use guidelines. Whether the copy is on a CD or on a server or some other medium is generally irrelevant. What is relevant is whether mens rea can be proven and whether the use clearly falls outside fair use guidelines. Upload stuff to a website saying "Warez here - come and get it" and you likely are committing a copyright violation. But simply putting files on a server is not an automatic copyright infringement. The issue is a lot more complicated than that.

    Both sides copy, and as you say, the act of copying without permission is illegal.

    This statement could not be more wrong. Copying material is not an automatic copyright infringement and both case law as well as legislation have strongly established this fact. All copyright infringements require the act of copying but not all copying is an automatic copyright infringement.

  17. You can't manufacture a crime by sjbe · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Undercover cops buy drugs and the state doesn't have to prosecute them for buying them.

    Police officers are sanctioned by the government to enforce the law. The RIAA and other private organizations do not (and should not) share the same legal protections as a police officer sanctioned with enforcing the laws. The act of trafficking schedule 1 controlled substances is always illegal for private citizens. Making a copy of copyrighted material often is entirely legal under fair use doctrine. Furthermore selling controlled substances without a license is a felony whereas selling copyrighted material without any special license is frequently legal.

    If the plaintiff had assistance from legally sanctioned law enforcement authorities who, in the process of a properly conducted investigation, concluded that there was reasonable grounds to suspect attempted copyright infringement then it would seem more likely to be acceptable as evidence. But just because some private investigator found "evidence" doesn't mean a court will or should automatically allow it to be presented.

    Why couldn't investigators "illegally" download copyrighted material and still have it considered infringing on the part of the defendant, but not be prosecuted?

    Because a private citizen cannot manufacture a crime against another private citizen. Without getting into the particulars of any given case is is easy to think of situations where the defendant was not attempting to commit copyright infringement. Making copies of copyrighted material is not prima facia evidence of copyright infringement.

  18. Fair use does not require permission by sjbe · · Score: 3, Insightful

    The GP did specifically write "without permission". Under any reasonable readings of that expression,...

    Don't confuse reasonable readings with legal interpretations. Fair use copying does not, under any circumstances I am aware of, require permission from the copyright holder. The GP post you refer to is at best ambiguous on this point and I see no reason why anyone should assume your broad interpretation of "without permission" since permission is not necessarily required.