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Canadian Court Rules "Hyperlink" Is Not Defamation

NewYorkCountryLawyer writes "In a landmark ruling, a Canadian court has ruled that a web site's publication of hyperlinks to an allegedly defamatory web site is not in and of itself a 'publication,' and therefore cannot in and of itself constitute defamation. In a 10-page decision [PDF], Crookes v. Wikimedia, Sup. Ct., British Columbia, Judge Keller dismissed the libel case against Jon Newton, the publisher of p2pnet.net, which was based on the fact that his article contained links to the allegedly defamatory site, since hyperlinks, the Court reasoned, are analogous to footnotes, rather than constituting a 'republication.' Mr. Newton was represented in the case by famous libel, slander, and civil liberties lawyer Dan Burnett of Vancouver, British Columbia."

31 of 120 comments (clear)

  1. Plagiarism! by Itninja · · Score: 5, Funny

    The entire text of this post was lifted from here!

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    I judt got a nre Kinesis keybiartf so please excusr ant egregiou typos.
    1. Re:Plagiarism! by JustOK · · Score: 3, Funny

      and republished here http://tinyurl.com/664efw

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      rewriting history since 2109
    2. Re:Plagiarism! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

      I keep clicking on your link and finding that you've already commented on the linked story as well. What's more, your new comment seems to possess a link to yet another story on which you have already commented. I'm just going to post this once, seeing as I don't have your posting dedication.

    3. Re:Plagiarism! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      A near infinite collection of simultaneous first posts, while staying on-topic. Kudos to you, good sir!

    4. Re:Plagiarism! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      .... now excuse me while I convert my entire website into hyperlinks...

  2. Of course not by thetoadwarrior · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Of course it isn't just as telling someone that there is a book that says Hitler is a bad guy isn't saying it yourself even if it's true.

    It's informing someone of a resource not defaming someone.

    1. Re:Of course not by whoever57 · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Of course it isn't just as telling someone that there is a book that says Hitler is a bad guy isn't saying it yourself even if it's true.

      It's informing someone of a resource not defaming someone.

      Let me suggest that you read all the way to the end of the decision -- context is everything. The judge essentially said that the context in which you put the link is the critical factor:

      [34] I do not wish to be misunderstood. It is not my decision that hyperlinking can never make a person liable for the contents of the remote site. For example, if Mr. Newton had written "the truth about Wayne Crookes is found here" and "here" is hyperlinked to the specific defamatory words, this might lead to a different conclusion.

      --
      The real "Libtards" are the Libertarians!
    2. Re:Of course not by TubeSteak · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Let me suggest that you read all the way to the end of the decision -- context is everything. The judge essentially said that the context in which you put the link is the critical factor:

      I would think that the context shouldn't matter at all unless the linked-to material had been previously proven defamatory in a court of law.

      But IANAL, so what do I know.

      --
      [Fuck Beta]
      o0t!
    3. Re:Of course not by ceoyoyo · · Score: 4, Informative

      If you claim something is true, you're responsible for that claim even if the actual something was written by a third party.

      I write "TubeSteak is accurately described thusly: " and goes to one of the more interesting parts of the bible that talks about child molestation, it's not the bible (in that case) that's being defamatory.

    4. Re:Of course not by MicktheMech · · Score: 2, Informative

      Read the second last paragraph of the decision. The judge says that if you write "The truth about X is here". And [here] contains a defamatory you could be liable for lible.

    5. Re:Of course not by retchdog · · Score: 2, Funny

      Not just defamatory; it would be Bible-libel.

      --
      "They were pure niggers." – Noam Chomsky
    6. Re:Of course not by collinstocks · · Score: 2, Interesting

      IANAL, so what if you claim something is true and link to it (assuming it is perfectly valid content), but then the content changes such that it can be ruled defamatory? Can you then be responsible if you do not change your link right away?

    7. Re:Of course not by ceoyoyo · · Score: 2

      Yes, you'd have to prove the material linked to was defamatory. I don't think that was contested though. The linked material was either proved to be defamatory or stipulated by both parties. The issue was whether the linker was responsible or not.

      If I'm writing about you and I link your name to your entry on Wikipedia (doesn't everybody have one?), the court said I'm innocent, no matter what your Wikipedia page says, defamatory or not. On the other hand, if I say "I've seen TubeSteak do this!" then it would be defamatory, even though it's a link and I technically didn't say it myself.

  3. Scene in Slashdot Server Room by blair1q · · Score: 4, Funny

    CowboyNeal resumes breathing, and takes his finger off the main power switch.

  4. Quotes from the judge's decision by Jabbrwokk · · Score: 5, Informative
    Two reasons:

    There are two issues for determination in this application. First, the defendant says that there is no evidence that any person followed the hyperlinks in question or read the words that are complained of. The plaintiffs have therefore failed to prove publication, one of the essential elements of the tort of defamation.
    Second, in any event, the defendant argues that creating a hyperlink to words that are defamatory is not publication of those words.

    No proof links were clicked:

    Regardless, the issue in this case is not how accessible the website is, but rather, if anyone followed the hyperlinks posted on the p2pnet site. Without proof that persons other than the plaintiff visited the defendant's website, clicked on the hyperlinks, and read the articles complained of, there cannot be a finding of publication. As in Crookes v. Holloway, the plaintiffs have not adduced any evidence to support this claim.

    Footnotes analogy:

    I agree with the defendant that footnotes in an article are an apt analogy. Where a footnote leads a reader to further material, that does not make the author who provided the footnote a publisher of what the reader finds when the footnote is followed.

    Not a libel loophole:

    It is not my decision that hyperlinking can never make a person liable for the contents of the remote site. For example, if Mr. Newton had written "the truth about Wayne Crookes is found here" and "here" is hyperlinked to the specific defamatory words, this might lead to a different conclusion.

    1. Re:Quotes from the judge's decision by GuldKalle · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Regardless, the issue in this case is not how accessible the website is, but rather, if anyone followed the hyperlinks posted on the p2pnet site. Without proof that persons other than the plaintiff visited the defendant's website, clicked on the hyperlinks, and read the articles complained of, there cannot be a finding of publication.

      So, if I publish libel in my newspaper, anyone wishing to sue me must prove that someone actually read that particular article?

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      What?
    2. Re:Quotes from the judge's decision by Jabbrwokk · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Newspapers have audited circulation. Websites do not. For example, a newspaper may have an audited circulation of 23,000. That means if an article is deemed libelous, it's assumed the newspaper was delivered to 23,000 homes where people had a chance to read it.

      With newspapers, it's assumed that people have read the libelous article. That's when other defences come into play such as fair comment, prior publication, etc.

      Conclusion: Don't put counters on your website, and don't keep an IP log.

    3. Re:Quotes from the judge's decision by Miseph · · Score: 3, Interesting

      No, but they must prove that you actually published the paper. The ruling is more like saying that if a newspaper mentions a book which contains libel, the newspaper is not liable for it because they never published it anyway, unless they also distributed copies of the book with the paper.

      IMO, a bigger concern is actually that there is no control of precisely what lies on the other side of a hyperlink... if I put one on my site, and 6 months from now, long after I've likely forgotten about it, the owner of the linked ite decides to put up libel, where does that leave me? Fortunately, I think this ruling would pretty well stifle any attempt to hold somebody liable for that, but the fact that this was ever in question is somewhat disturbing.

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      Try not to take me more seriously than I take myself.
  5. Maybe it's the judge..... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

    This ruling is soooo much easier to read than American (US) judge's rulings. When I had my little biz law class, most of the rulings had to be interpreted by the attorney teaching the class (i.e. "this is what the judge meant.")

    The Canadian ruling, OTH, is in English. Go figure.

    Is it because, the US Bar Association is protecting its members by making the legal "language" aka Legalese hard to understand or is because most US judges are fucking retarded and can't put a coherent sentence together?

    1. Re:Maybe it's the judge..... by Kandenshi · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Is it because, the US Bar Association is protecting its members by making the legal "language" aka Legalese hard to understand or is because most US judges are fucking retarded and can't put a coherent sentence together?

      Perhaps, just perhaps, that's not an "or" question? I'm going to go waaaaay out on a limb and say that the answer to your question(s) is just "Yes." Yes the bar association is trying to cover the ass of their members, and yes a fair number of US judges seem to make mind-bogglingly weird decisions.

    2. Re:Maybe it's the judge..... by Jabbrwokk · · Score: 5, Informative

      Newton got lucky and got a judge that actually has a basic understanding of the Internet. Most Canadian judges are as bad, if not worse, than American judges, when it comes to understanding the "Internets." This is great news, however, because our libel laws in Canada are a lot more strict than the U.S. Any victory that broadens free speech is great news.

    3. Re:Maybe it's the judge..... by schon · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Most Canadian judges are as bad, if not worse, than American judges, when it comes to understanding the "Internets."

      Do you have any references for that?

      The only other "internets" case I've heard of was the P2P case, wherein the judge told the CRIA to collectively get stuffed.

      Now, this isn't exactly scientific, but if you could cite other internet (or technology) related cases that were wrong, I'd appreciate being enlightened.

  6. Re:sweet by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Funny

    I didn't know Yoda was canadian!

    THE SCOOP IS IN!

  7. Re:footnotes!? by thermian · · Score: 3, Funny

    Hyperlinks are more like references rather than footnotes.

    Well, they're really like a lot of tube entrances...

    --
    A learning experience is one of those things that say, 'You know that thing you just did? Don't do that.' - D. Adams
  8. where's our focus? by wikinerd · · Score: 2, Insightful

    A huge document, an army of highly-paid professionals, and lots of time devoted to arguing about whether hyperlinks are republications or footnotes. It's no wonder why the economy goes like this and nobody produces anything. Geez. I'd prefer to live on a planet where the humans prefer investing their time and energy in growing potatoes and assembling widgets in factories, rather than arguing about whether hyperlinks amount to republication or footnotes. I am not saying that legal professionals are not useful people, they are, but what I am saying is that we, the humanity as a whole, seem to have lost our focus on what is really important: in a sane society a case like this wouldn't even be subject to argumentation and analysis, because there are a myriad other more productive activities to spend one's time (yea like posting on slashdot!).

  9. hmm by moniker127 · · Score: 3, Funny

    I wish all of my decisions were ten paged!

  10. Not Goodwin by techno-vampire · · Score: 4, Informative

    Bzzzzzzzzt! Wrong, but thank you for playing!
    The OP does not, in fact, invoke Goodwin's Law. That only applies when a poster either calls somebody a Nazi or makes an unfavorable comparison between that person and either the Nazis or Hitler himself. Just mentioning Hitler doesn't count.

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    Good, inexpensive web hosting
    1. Re:Not Goodwin by CastrTroy · · Score: 4, Funny

      You don't have to be such a Nazi about it.

      --

      Anthropic principle: We see the universe the way it is because if it were different we would not be here to see it.
  11. Canadian Human Rights Commission Next by rossz · · Score: 4, Interesting

    The loser will just take this case to the Canadian Human Rights Commission. The rules of evidence and law don't apply. The truth is not a defense. Your chance of successfully defending yourself against the most outlandish charge is almost nonexistent.

    Example. Magazine published a review of a book critical of islam. Someone charged the magazine with a human rights violation. Years of hearings costing a bundle of money and the only reason they didn't lose was because of the huge amount of publicity that particular case received. This was the ONLY time someone did not lose against the CHRC.

    Google on the subject and be amazed.

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    -- Will program for bandwidth
  12. Goatse Defence by PinkyDead · · Score: 3, Funny

    "Your honour I would like to prove my point with this simple demonstration. The link you see on my screen appears harmless enough, but when I click it...."

    "Jesus H Christ! What the fuck is that?! Turn it off! Turn it off! Case dismissed! Clear the court room!"

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    Genesis 1:32 And God typed :wq!