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Alien Comet May Have Infiltrated the Solar System

New Scientist has a piece about Comet Machholz 1, whose uncommon molecular composition suggests, but does not prove, that it may be an interloper from another star system. "Comet Machholz 1 isn't like other comets. David Schleicher of the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, measured the chemical makeup of 150 comets, and found that they all had similar levels of the chemical cyanogen (CN) except for Machholz 1, which has less than 1.5% of the normal level. Along with some other comets, it is also low on the molecules carbon-2 and carbon-3."

11 of 208 comments (clear)

  1. Re:Does anybody know by mad_robot · · Score: 5, Informative

    It's the occulter pylon. It holds the occulting disk in place to mask out the light coming directly from the sun.

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  2. Not really by berend+botje · · Score: 3, Informative

    If had enough velocity to escape its home system, it wouldn't be captured by "us" either.

    1. Re:Not really by Kagura · · Score: 2, Informative

      If had enough velocity to escape its home system, it wouldn't be captured by "us" either.

      What kind of physicist? You should know good and well several things:

      1) An object could leave the solar system with a final asymptotic speed of, say, 1m/sec relative to our sun. Or 100m/sec. Or 10km/sec. It depends on its initial speed, position, and path out of the solar system. The quoted statement here is simply nonsensical.

      2) Even if an object left our solar system going 100km/sec, that's only the speed relative to our sun. That says nothing about its speed relative to another sun. Just because most stars are in orbit around the galactic center doesn't mean there are huge local variations.

      3) There's not a "three". These should be obvious to any physicist or any layman. The statement you made and the response are just silly! ;)

  3. Re:Determining origin by freddy_dreddy · · Score: 3, Informative

    overconfident

    Videos here illustrate the effects of the comet's (abnormal) very close trajectory to the sun. Collected dust is pretty much sandblasted away on a regular base.
    But since it doesn't contain assembly language I don't really know what I'm talking about.

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    "Violence is the last refuge of the competent, and, generally, the first refuge of the incompetent" - Thing_1
  4. Re:Umm, Carbon-2 and Carbon-3? by Tweenk · · Score: 4, Informative

    Space chemistry is completely unrelated to "normal" earthly chemistry - for example, the second most popular molcule in the universe is H3+ (after H2).

    What is discussed here are molecules composed exclusively of 2 and 3 carbon atoms:

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diatomic_carbon
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tricarbon

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  5. Re:Entry is Free. by Cyberax · · Score: 4, Informative

    The Sun alone can't capture a 'stray' comet - it'll just give it a gravity assist. You need at least three-bodies interaction for the orbital capture.

  6. Re:Oh, no, Alien Comet! by Whiteox · · Score: 2, Informative

    Unless cometary theory has changed over the last 30 years (and what's the chance of that?), I seriously doubt that any body of an 'alien' source has entered our Solar System as we're surrounded by the Oort cloud, hypothesized to be the source of all comets.
    For a foreign body to enter the system, it would have to pass through the Oort cloud and that would be highly unlikely.
    It's most probably an Oort cloud comet of a new type.
    Either that or it's one of those alien space vehicles that some people believe in.
     

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  7. Re:Oh, no, Alien Comet! by Alomex · · Score: 5, Informative

    the Oort cloud, hypothesized to be the source of all comets.

    Actually the very existence of the Oort cloud is hypothetical. While it provides a reasonable explanation for the existence of comets in our system there was no further independent confirmation until 2000, when more powerful telescopes identified one object that could belong to the cloud. Given that the number of comets could be into the trillions, having found a handful does not constitute definitive evidence, so it remains a mere hypothesis until more data is gathered.

    For a foreign body to enter the system, it would have to pass through the Oort cloud and that would be highly unlikely. It's most probably an Oort cloud comet of a new type.

    Comets in the Oort cloud are tens of millions of kilometers apart. An exo-solar comet would have no problem "sneaking" in.

  8. Chemistry Errors! by HiChris! · · Score: 2, Informative
    I believe someone took a press release - thought they knew enough chemistry to "put it in easy to understand terms" and screwed it up.

    Cyanogen is (CN)2 - Thats 2 Carbons and 2 Nitrogens. Cyanide is a CN- ion.

    The Carbon2 and Carbon3 appear to be general classes of compounds containing 2 Carbons and 3 Carbons - not a specific molecule or isotope.

  9. Re:Entry is Free. by careysub · · Score: 4, Informative

    Besides that, how would it have come here anyway? What is the escape velocity for getting out of a star system?

    There is nothing mysterious or difficult to believe here.

    We see about four comets per century that have hyperbolic trajectories - that is to say, they are never coming back.

    These hyperbolic comets are either interstellar interlopers already and have not been captured by the solar system (which would typically occur by losing part of its kinetic energy to one of the gas giants through gravitational interaction), or they are solar system comets being ejected into interstellar space (through gaining energy by the same mechanism) to become future interlopers in other star systems. Either way, we see the effect of comet ejection regularly, every few decades.

    Since the Oort Cloud is much denser with comets compared to the density of wandering comets in interstellar space, most hyperbolic comets are going to be the latter type.

    Machholz 1, if it is alien, was captured by the solar system some time in the past. Although this type of capture may be rare, since it would be going on since the formation of the solar system a substantial population of alien comets should have built up by this time, and captured aliens may be a more common sight than one-shot hyperbolic visitors.

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  10. Re:Carbon-2 ? by Fourpole · · Score: 2, Informative