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NASA Mars Rovers Hit 5-Year Anniversary

An anonymous reader writes "NASA's Mars rovers have been on the red planet for five years now. The rovers were originally planned to stay operational on the planet for only 90 days, but it has turned into a much longer mission than anticipated. NASA has put together a video to celebrate the anniversary. The rovers have made important discoveries about wet and violent environments on ancient Mars. They also have returned a quarter-million images, driven more than 21 kilometers (13 miles), climbed a mountain, descended into craters, struggled with sand traps and aging hardware, survived dust storms, and relayed more than 36 gigabytes of data via NASA's Mars Odyssey orbiter. To date, the rovers remain operational for new campaigns the team has planned for them."

41 of 147 comments (clear)

  1. Five years for 36 gigabytes? by Shakrai · · Score: 4, Funny

    and relayed more than 36 gigabytes of data via

    Seems a little slow. Maybe Obama can extend some broadband lines to Mars and bring them into the 21st century? ;)

    --
    I want peace on earth and goodwill toward man.
    We are the United States Government! We don't do that sort of thing.
    1. Re:Five years for 36 gigabytes? by Cally · · Score: 2, Informative

      Most of that's relayed via MRO and Mars Odyssey. As others have remarked elsewhere, the drips and drops of data from MER is lost in the firehose from MRO. (Ever pulled a JP2 of HiRISE data? Those things are VAST. Here's a random example.) Incidentally the IAS quick-viewer is the third useful client-side Java application ever written, according to this book I just made up.

      --
      "None are more hopelessly enslaved than those who falsely believe they are free." -- Goethe
    2. Re:Five years for 36 gigabytes? by 644bd346996 · · Score: 2

      Wrong on several counts. Even treating a modem line as a serial line (which it was), before adding on TCP/IP, the maximum bandwidth supported by the phone system was 56k, due to the bit-robbing scheme used for in-band signaling. In the US, the maximum attainable connection speed was further limited to about 53.3k by FCC limits on the power output of modems. The overhead of PPP, IP, and TCP further subtract from the usable bandwidth.

    3. Re:Five years for 36 gigabytes? by m.dillon · · Score: 3, Informative

      Actually, that isn't quite true either. If the ISP end of the connection is taking a T1 then one entire channel is reserved for out-of-band signaling, leaving (I think) 23 64 Kbit channels available for modem connections. I remember there were two options available and to make 56Kbit modems work well we had to use the out-of-band signaling option, which reduced the number of phone lines we had on each T1 by one.

      Direct T1s quickly became the standard for ISPs starting around 1994 ish, until T3's became cheap in '95 and '96. By 1998 most medium and large ISPs were splitting channels out of fiber directly, or had farmed their physical dialup to third parties which then backhauled them back to the ISP.

      Phone companies also played their own games involving far more then an 8Kbit loss, but by the late 90's they could only use those tricks in places where they had insufficient physical copper to meet demand and they couldn't hide the fact that modems simply didn't work well with the line doubler technology they were forced to use in those places.

      -Matt

  2. typical government project by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Supposed to be finished in 90 days, ends up taking 5 years.

    1. Re:typical government project by dotgain · · Score: 5, Funny

      Just stick to the standard 'Whoosh!', please.

    2. Re:typical government project by Concerned+Onlooker · · Score: 4, Informative

      Minor point if you're not all that into it, but I believe the projected mission was 90 Martian days, or sols as they call them. Not Earth days. With a Martian day being about 24 hours, 37 minutes (sidereal) that makes the mission projected length a little over 92 Earth days. So, as I said, it's a minor point. :-)

      --
      http://www.rootstrikers.org/
  3. Fascinating by JackassJedi · · Score: 4, Insightful

    It's still so unbelievable to me that we actually have a satellite and stationary vehicles on another planet and are using them to do stuff there. If you really think about this for a moment in terms of what has to be accomplished for this to work it's just mind-blowing.

    --
    Power corrupts the few, while weakness corrupts the many.
    1. Re:Fascinating by BZWingZero · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Not only do we have landers, rovers, and satellites around another planet, but we can coordinate them so one of the orbiting satellites can take a picture of a lander as it is landing!

      A photo from Mars Odyssey (satellite) taking a picture of Mars Phoenix Lander with enough detail to see the parachute shroud lines can be found here

    2. Re:Fascinating by couchslug · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Imagine how much more we could have accomplished by using robot probes instead of wasting money on primitive systems like the Space Shuttle. We could send robot after robot after robot and leave the tourists at home for a few decades.

      --
      "This post is an artistic work of fiction and falsehood. Only a fool would take anything posted here as fact."
    3. Re:Fascinating by Kjella · · Score: 3, Insightful

      In a way you're right, but it's also a bit like "Well, I haven't actually been to Africa but I saw a documentary on National Geographic. Gee, how much money I saved." I really doubt JFK would have gotten the same effect if he promised to send a lump of electronics to the Moon and back either. Part of the reason Mars is so interesting is exactly because it's fairly Earth-like, and why would we care about that if only robots would ever go there? I can't speak for anyone else but I want humans in space.

      I think establishment of a permanent colony outside Earth would be pretty much the greatest achivement in human history ever. For that we need three things:
      1) The ability to bring fragile little meatbags from Earth to Mars
      2) The ability for fragile little meatbags to survive on Mars
      3) The ability to mostly support itself without supplies from Earth

      Obviously, we're well short on 3) but certainly we could get some experience on 1) and 2) with a manned Mars mission. A lot fo people seem to think "Well, we did that on the Moon so what's the big deal sending guys to sit in a bunker and eat canned food?" Well we've never done it. Not going to for a while either, it seems. But if we stopped with manned flight, how much would it take to revive it? Like if we wanted to return to the moon we wouldn't break out a few Apollo rockets from storage, we'd have to start over.

      NASA didn't pick a "primitive system" on purpose, they picked what looked like the best choice at the time. Like pretty much everything else you do of early experimentation it probably wasn't the best one. That's how you learn, how you build better crafts, after all if you can't reasonably keep people healthy and alive in near orbit you sure aren't going to make it out to Mars. How about some experience in orbital construction like the ISS? After all, a Mars launcher might be built in space from modules. In short, what you call "space tourist" is what I call "Our home base on the outskirts of Earth's gravity well." We're going to want people up there if we ever want to get anywhere further.

      --
      Live today, because you never know what tomorrow brings
  4. Re:Example Of American Can Do Spirit by Forty+Two+Tenfold · · Score: 4, Insightful

    This is a perfect example of the best that America has to offer.

    The people who built these rovers were not all "American."

    --
    Upward mobility is a slippery slope - the higher you climb the more you show your ass.
  5. Take that flaky humans! by Murphy(c) · · Score: 3, Insightful

    5 Years on an other planet, think about it.
    Imagine the amount of food, water, O2 and energy that would have been required if they had sent humans instead of machines.

    Never mind the fact that they extended the original mission by more than 2000% and the fact that they never needed resupply missions.

    When you read the mission reports for the ISS and see that they need a two man crew just to keep stuff from breaking too badly, it's hard to imagine the size of the crew that would be needed for a 5 year mission to Mars.

    Yet one of the two (ISS vs Mars rovers), has a budget at least one order of magnitude larger than the other and has yet to produce any real science (unless teeing off a gold plated golf ball from the ISS is ones idea of science)

    Murphy(c)

    1. Re:Take that flaky humans! by Rinikusu · · Score: 5, Informative

      Actually, when compared to humans, it's not that great. A human could've crossed that 12 miles in a day. Humans can scale that "mountain" and the "crater" in a matter of minutes. Basically, a Human team could've done the entire 5 year mission (so far) in less than a couple days. In fact, with a geologist on board, they probably could've done even more science as other opportunites presented themselves.

      --
      If you were me, you'd be good lookin'. - six string samurai
    2. Re:Take that flaky humans! by Biff+Stu · · Score: 2, Insightful

      People have been talking about manufacturing in orbit for decades. Instead, manufacturing moved to China. The motivation for the move to East Asia mirrors the reason why space manufacturing remains just talk. If you consider the overhead and transportation costs of manufacturing in orbit, it makes unionized factories in the US and Europe look dirt cheap.

    3. Re:Take that flaky humans! by daigu · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Perhaps part of the ISS science is figuring out the engineering and logistical problems of how human's can live for extended periods in space, which is a much harder problem. I'd say getting something so big into orbit, operational and supporting an onboard crew for more than 8 years is a significant accomplishment.

    4. Re:Take that flaky humans! by grumbel · · Score: 5, Insightful

      How many rovers could you have send to Mars for the price of a human mission? Around a thousand or so I think, puts things into perspective.

    5. Re:Take that flaky humans! by benevixit · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Point taken, but if science is our goal then our performance metric should be discoveries achieved per dollar spent.

      The Mars Exploration Rover mission cost less than $1 billion total. In contemporary dollars the Apollo program cost $150-200 billion (and going to Mars would be WAY tougher than the Moon). Imagine - the price of a human mission we could fill the solar system with squadrons of rovers. The numbers are rough, but they suggest that we can get more science for our buck with robots.

  6. Yes but by Subm · · Score: 2, Funny

    The rovers have made important discoveries about wet and violent environments on ancient Mars. They also have returned a quarter-million images, driven more than 21 kilometers (13 miles), climbed a mountain, descended into craters, struggled with sand traps and aging hardware, survived dust storms, and relayed more than 36 gigabytes of data via NASA's Mars Odyssey orbiter. To date, the rovers remain operational for new campaigns the team has planned for them

    Yes, but do they run linux?

  7. Re:Martian moon photos? by ceejayoz · · Score: 5, Informative

    Yes, the rovers have photographed both moons.

  8. 2nd greatest NASA accomplishment? by bubbaprog · · Score: 4, Interesting

    I would argue, or at least allow for the argument, that the Mars Rovers have been the second-most successful accomplishment of NASA after Apollo 11.

  9. 90 days? by mosb1000 · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I'd like to point out that the engineers designing the rovers probably expected them to last longer than that (though certainly not 5 years). They probably budgeted for 90 days to keep the projected costs down so that NASA would chose the project. They knew that the budget would be extended once the rovers were there.

    1. Re:90 days? by ScottMaxwell · · Score: 5, Informative

      I'd like to point out that the engineers designing the rovers probably expected them to last longer than that (though certainly not 5 years). They probably budgeted for 90 days to keep the projected costs down so that NASA would chose the project. They knew that the budget would be extended once the rovers were there.

      A lot of people seem to believe this, but it's really not true. I'm not saying we expected the rovers to drop dead at the stroke of midnight on sol 91, but even the wildest optimists on the project did not openly dare to hope that we'd even double that 90-sol lifetime. (We've just hit twenty times that number, as it happens. Incredible!)

      Also note that underestimating surface survival time doesn't significantly reduce costs. Getting through the first 90 sols on Mars cost a little over $800 million. But most of that cost goes into design, development, testing, launch (about $100 million per rover goes to launch costs alone, IIRC), and so on. Operations, by comparison, is cheap: now that they're there, we run the rovers for ~ $20 million per year. If we'd known, for example, that we'd survive a year on the surface, we could have promised NASA four times the science for a ~ 10% cost increase; that would have made the project a better sell, and we'd have been fools not to do it.

      --

      ``Life results from the non-random survival of randomly varying replicators.'' -- Richard Dawkins
  10. Wet and Violent? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    Sounds like NASA sent them to New Orleans, not Mars.

    1. Re:Wet and Violent? by dotancohen · · Score: 4, Funny

      Actually, I have at least one ex-girlfriend who meets that description as well.

      --
      It is dangerous to be right when the government is wrong.
  11. Re:Cost per MB? by dotancohen · · Score: 4, Insightful

    How much more data does the lander need to send before the total mission cost is cheaper on a per MB basis than sending txt messages to your BFF?

    It already is.

    --
    It is dangerous to be right when the government is wrong.
  12. Re:Best damn dime NASA ever spent. by jcaplan · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Greatly agreed. Our unmanned program has been such an astounding success.

    What I don't get is the benefit of adding a human to these missions. They are ill suited to the environment and require all sorts of extra equipment to keep alive during the voyage and on the planet. Worse, they have to be shipped back to earth intact. Their value is so high that heavy expensive multiply redundant systems have to be built to ensure their safety.

    I do get the benefit of having a device that can make decisions without up to two hours lag time, but the investment might be better spent on a bit of navigation software rather than transporting wetware.

    -Jon

  13. Re:Best damn dime NASA ever spent. by antifoidulus · · Score: 4, Funny

    Not to mention they leak all over the place and constantly want to make more of themselves

  14. Re:Example Of American Can Do Spirit by thetoadwarrior · · Score: 4, Insightful

    As an American I am proud of what we've done but I'm also proud of the work the non-Americans have done to help us achieve what we wanted.

    And in fact I think it goes to show we'd achieve a load more if we could unite and combine our strengths, like Voltron, rather than fight each other. Unfortunately that goes against our instinct and a global economy scares to religious freaks who believe that will bring on the end of the world.

  15. High Philbogg or something by Xaositecte · · Score: 2, Funny

    There used to be a guy who wrote stories about how the Martians were interacting with the rover in comments every time a Rover story came up on Slashdot.

    Whatever happened to that guy? Where's he at?

    1. Re:High Philbogg or something by davidphogan74 · · Score: 2, Funny

      He was probably abducted by aliens.

  16. Re:Best damn dime NASA ever spent. by tibman · · Score: 3, Funny

    That's puppeteer talk right there

    --
    http://soylentnews.org/~tibman
  17. Re:Example Of American Can Do Spirit by Raenex · · Score: 4, Funny

    I can't believe you made that Voltron reference.

  18. NASA needs to send Humans now! by Charbax · · Score: 2, Interesting

    NASA can send Humans to Mars right now, or start working on it now with full NASA manned budget on that instead of ISS and the Space Shuttle, and we could have the first Humans on Mars within 4 years from now. It will cost less than $30 billion to send 24 astronauts on 4 spaceships to Mars, with 4 earth-return spaceships sent there at the same time for the trip home. 6 months travel to go, 1 and a half years spent on Mars and 6 months for the return trip. It'd be a 2.5 year at least live Mars reality show, in HDTV cause more bandwidth will be available using a bunch of faster satellite links, just that is worth many billions in advertising revenues.

    Anyone who doesn't agree with me is a moron.

  19. The unofficial diary of a Mars rover driver by ScottMaxwell · · Score: 5, Interesting

    I'm one of MER's rover drivers; I've been on the project from the start. Which has been considerably longer than five years, as development started about 3.5 years before landing, so MER has been the focus of my life for nearly a decade now. I co-wrote the software (RSVP) we use to drive the rovers, and I've been using that software to drive Spirit and Opportunity ever since.

    As a contribution to MER's five-year anniversary celebration, I'm blogging my personal mission notes from the early days of the mission. They'll be posted in "real time" -- roughly one update per day, five years after the fact -- at http://marsandme.blogspot.com/. First update will be tonight around 18:30 (Pacific time).

    Be prepared to stick with it; it's a little slow for the first few days. And be aware that it's a personal activity, not a JPL-sponsored activity, so I occasionally swear and stuff. But if you're a fan of the rovers, it will, I hope, give you a new insight into what it's been like to be a small part of an historic adventure.

    Ah, and for twitterati: you can follow the official MER feed at http://twitter.com/MarsRovers; you can follow me at http://twitter.com/marsroverdriver.

    --

    ``Life results from the non-random survival of randomly varying replicators.'' -- Richard Dawkins
  20. Wonderful by Colourspace · · Score: 2, Insightful

    And absolutely beautiful. In the current times we are all living in, Spirit and Opportunity remind us of what mankind can acheive, when we put our mind to it, and also how lucky we can be, unexpectedly.

  21. Re:Martian moon photos? by ScottMaxwell · · Score: 4, Informative

    Yes, the rovers have photographed both moons.

    Excellent link to some of the astronomy Spirit and Opportunity have done. Considering they were designed to be mainly geologists, the rovers have done a decent amount of astronomy (some of it not covered by that page), including observing a Phobos transit and a Deimos transit.

    We've even imaged the Earth! On sol 63, Spirit took the first picture ever taken of the Earth from the surface of another planet.

    --

    ``Life results from the non-random survival of randomly varying replicators.'' -- Richard Dawkins
  22. Great show on the subject by bacon+volcano · · Score: 3, Interesting

    There is a great show on this subject that aired on the National Geographic channel. I highly recommend it to anyone that hasn't been paying much attention to the rovers for the last five years.

  23. A consise article about 5 years of Spirit by marcel-jan.nl · · Score: 3, Interesting

    The Planetary Society has a very interesting article about the five years the rover Spirit has been on Mars. And I wrote this one about the Mars rovers in Dutch.

  24. Re:It may not that great by meringuoid · · Score: 2, Interesting

    As I understood it, the 90-day figure was because dust was expected to accumulate on the solar panels. The rovers should have died from lack of power a long time ago. But, as it turned out, the Martian winds are a little stronger than had been thought, and the dust rather lighter; OK, so the rovers are hardly clean, but enough dust blows away that they're able to keep going.

    --
    Real Daleks don't climb stairs - they level the building.
  25. Spirit in Sorry Shape by Tablizer · · Score: 2, Insightful

    I've been reading about Spirit of late, and it seems like its last days are near. It's so dusty that it can probably only do decent roving in the summer, and will also not have enough power to survive the winter.

    It's busted wheel makes it difficult to find and move to a solar-panel-friendly high-tilt area that is near exploration areas. Thus, if it wonders off too far, it cannot get back to a safe spot fast enough to survive the cold or surprise dust storms, which block light. It almost hit the limit during a recent dust storm about 2 months ago.

    They may just send it off to explore and say, "screw the winter and dust storms; if it ends it ends." This probably depends on whether they can find good targets without going far.

    It could get lucky and get another whirlwind cleaning, though. These things have 9 lives, I swear.