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A Step Toward an Invisibility Cloak

Technology Review has a writeup on the latest advance in the lab towards an invisibility cloak made of metamaterials, described this week in Science. We've been following this technology since the beginning. The breakthrough is software that lets researchers design materials that are both low-loss and wideband. "The cloak that the researchers built works with wavelengths of light ranging from about 1 to 18 gigahertz — a swath as broad as the visible spectrum. No one has yet made a cloaking device that works in the visible spectrum, and those metamaterials that have been fabricated tend to work only with narrow bands of light. But a cloak that made an object invisible to light of only one color would not be of much use. Similarly, a cloaking device can't afford to be lossy: if it lets just a little bit of light reflect off the object it's supposed to cloak, it's no longer effective. The cloak that Smith built is very low loss, successfully rerouting almost all the light that hits it."

45 of 197 comments (clear)

  1. Why not let a bit through? by artor3 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Similarly, a cloaking device can't afford to be lossy: if it lets just a little bit of light reflect off the object it's supposed to cloak, it's no longer effective.

    Why would that be no longer effective? If the cloak reroutes 90% of the light, then you're left with 10% opacity, right? Sure, something that translucent would be very difficult to see, especially from a distance.

    1. Re:Why not let a bit through? by dotancohen · · Score: 5, Funny

      Why would that be no longer effective? If the cloak reroutes 90% of the light, then you're left with 10% opacity, right? Sure, something that translucent would be very difficult to see, especially from a distance.

      The Predator still got his ass shot up good with that hand-held vulcan gun, because the soldier saw the 10% of light that he couldn't cloak.

      --
      It is dangerous to be right when the government is wrong.
    2. Re:Why not let a bit through? by spiffmastercow · · Score: 4, Funny

      Why would that be no longer effective? If the cloak reroutes 90% of the light, then you're left with 10% opacity, right? Sure, something that translucent would be very difficult to see, especially from a distance.

      The Predator still got his ass shot up good with that hand-held vulcan gun, because the soldier saw the 10% of light that he couldn't cloak.

      Yes, but if you look at it from a D&D point of view, you get a 90% miss chance, which is a game-breaking advantage.

    3. Re:Why not let a bit through? by bloodninja · · Score: 5, Funny

      Yes, but if you look at it from a D&D point of view, you get a 90% miss chance, which is a game-breaking advantage.

      I put on my robe and wizard hat.

      --
      Lock the wife and the dog in the boot of the car.
      Return one hour later.
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    4. Re:Why not let a bit through? by aplusjimages · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Would 90% be good enough for night time work?

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      Can I bum a sig?
    5. Re:Why not let a bit through? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

      I put on my cloak and tinfoil hat.

      There, fixed that for you. ;)

    6. Re:Why not let a bit through? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative

      Except that full concealment or invisibility only grants you 50% miss chance and you can't gain more than that.

      Learn the rules!

    7. Re:Why not let a bit through? by bar-agent · · Score: 4, Informative

      For those of you who have wondered where the "robe and wizard hat" thing came from:

      http://bash.org/?104383

      --
      i'd hit it so hard, if you pulled me out you'd be the king of britain [bash.org]
    8. Re:Why not let a bit through? by KingAlanI · · Score: 2, Funny

      ah, Slashdot.
      D&D rule nitpicking is "informative". :D

      --
      I listen to both RIAA and non-RIAA stuff if I like the music, tangential business/politics nonwithstanding.
  2. FUUUU by sakdoctor · · Score: 5, Informative

    Direct link please!
    http://www.technologyreview.com/computing/21971/?a=f

    Garbage javascript broke for me and the page didn't get past a white page.

    1. Re:FUUUU by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

      It's not broke... it's cloaked!

    2. Re:FUUUU by LearnToSpell · · Score: 5, Funny

      Yeah, but that link only rerouted 90% of the light. Here, try this one:

  3. Blindness by Tubal-Cain · · Score: 4, Insightful

    If visible light is being routed around the cloak, it could cause some serious navigation issues for the cloaked object. Maybe some objects (ships/aircraft) will only need a cloak that routes radar, leaving pilots to navigate by sight and dead reckoning (GPS uses radio frequencies, right?)

    1. Re:Blindness by ORBAT · · Score: 5, Funny

      Seeing "cockpit" hyphenated like that led to some disturbing mental images.

  4. wavelength = length by Doviende · · Score: 5, Informative

    "works with wavelengths of light ranging from about 1 to 18 gigahertz"

    frequency is in hertz.
    wavelength is a length, so it will be in meters or feet or inches or volkswagen bugs.

    that is all. </pedantic>

    --
    "The value of a man resides in what he gives,
    and not in what he is capable of receiving."
    --Albert Einstein
    1. Re:wavelength = length by John+Courtland · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Yeah, but it doesn't matter too much since c is constant. It's easy to calculate wavelength for any given frequency.

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      Slashdot is proof that Sturgeon's Law applies to mankind.
    2. Re:wavelength = length by ZombieRoboNinja · · Score: 5, Funny

      Not for those of us who don't live in a vacuum, you insensitive clod!

    3. Re:wavelength = length by dotancohen · · Score: 2, Funny

      Not for those of us who don't live in a vacuum, you insensitive clod!

      C is still constant. C is the speed of light _in_a_vacuum_ not the speed of light in your parent's basement. And by the way I am a clod, you insensitive pedantic.

      --
      It is dangerous to be right when the government is wrong.
    4. Re:wavelength = length by Devil's+BSD · · Score: 4, Funny

      Yeah, I live in a Bose-Einstein condensate, you insensitive clod!

      --
      I'm the Devil the Windows users warned you about.
    5. Re:wavelength = length by edittard · · Score: 2, Informative

      Given the radius of a circle you can calculate its area, but that doesn't mean they're the same thing or that you can use them interchangeably. Convertibility is not equivalence, and the article as written is wrong.

      --
      At the bottom of the /. main page it says 'Yesterday's News'. Well they got that right.
    6. Re:wavelength = length by John+Courtland · · Score: 2, Insightful

      ... Jesus Christ almighty. You can figure it out easily enough, plus you won't do anything meaningful about it anyhow, so what's the point of complaining?

      --
      Slashdot is proof that Sturgeon's Law applies to mankind.
    7. Re:wavelength = length by Savantissimo · · Score: 2, Informative

      No, the refractive index does depend on the frequency for dispersive media, which are effectively all real media. See
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dispersion_(optics) and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_index . Different frequencies have different phase velocities in a given dispersive medium and thus different refractive indices (see chart in "refractive index" link)

      Also you can't do the calculation you describe for different frequencies unless you take into account the Abbe number of the material.

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbe_number .

      --
      "Is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery?" - Patrick Henry
  5. invisibility schmisibility by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Pics or it didn't happen.

    1. Re:invisibility schmisibility by JamesTRexx · · Score: 2, Funny

      Might as well ask for rule 34...

      --
      home
    2. Re:invisibility schmisibility by Warll · · Score: 2, Funny

      Here you go
      NSFW: http://tinyurl.com/9hn2ba

  6. Invisibility cloak bullshit again by imsabbel · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Metamaterials are interesting enough _whithout_ that stupid invisibility shit everytime.

    I mean, lenses without diffration limit are also interesting. And opposed to the inisibility stuff, they might really work.

    --
    HI O WISE PRINCE. WHT TOOK U SO DAM LONG?
    1. Re:Invisibility cloak bullshit again by Rorschach1 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      The 'invisibility cloak' thing is right up there with 'teleportation'. Every time someone manages to 'teleport' the state of a single subatomic particle, we get a bunch of articles likening the process to Star Trek teleporters.

      Do ANY of the researchers involved in these things really expect them to have invisibility or teleportation capabilities at macro scales someday? I was under the impression that neither of them had any relevance at larger scales, and while I could be wrong, it seems like the media just can't resist this kind of idiotic hyperbole.

  7. At last! by commodore64_love · · Score: 5, Funny

    Now I can see what happens inside the Girls' dorm!

    Giggity-giggity-goo.

    --
    "I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it." - historian Evelyn Beatrice Hall
  8. The sentence above is wrong by aepervius · · Score: 4, Informative

    1-18 ghz is way way broader than a very thin swat of visible light. Just looking at the spectra should show it. Mod me actually uninformative or overrater.

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  9. NOT Invisibility Cloak: RADAR Cloak by thorndt · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Is it just me, or would this stuff work VERY well as a RADAR cloaking device?

    1-18 GHz is solidly in the microwave (millimeter-wave RADAR anyone?) range...

    --
    - The race is not [always] to the swift, nor the battle to the strong. -
    1. Re:NOT Invisibility Cloak: RADAR Cloak by HuskyDog · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Sigh, here we go again! Radars and optical vision do not work in remotely the same way. Creating invisibility in the two different realms is a completely different problem.

      In most vision situations there are two critical factors which don't occur in the great majority of radars. The first is illumination of the target from angles other than the viewing angle (OK, there are bistatic radars, but they are not common) and the other is a background which is illuminated. Try to think about this for just a few moments. Why can't we all make ourselves invisible just by wearing matt black clothing? Well, obviously because we will stand out against the background unless we happen to be standing in front of black wall or wandering around in a coal mine. The whole point of the fictional 'invisibility cloak' is that it works in all circumstances. We can already be invisible in certain carefully controlled environments, that after all is what camouflage is all about.

      But, a radar is rather like wandering about in the above mentioned coal mine, or perhaps a dark forest with a miner's lamp fixed to your head. The background is basically black and the illumination comes from the viewing direction. In this scenario, someone dress entirely in black would be effectively invisible. And that is the key point to grasp. In the world or radar we can achieve invisibility simply by making sufficiently 'black' 'paint'. The weird ability of these meta-materials to allow the illumination to pass through the target un-disturbed is of no benefit. Since we don't have a receiver on the other side of the target to detect this energy it isn't relevant. Now, sure, we can all dream up complex bistatic radars which rely on the obscuration of the signal to detect the target, but I remain to be convinced that such a thing can be made sufficiently versatile to be useful.

      Can I stress that I am not suggesting the these meta-materials don't have an application in the world of radar. They seem to me to be particularly useful where one wants to remove a fixed object which obscures the view of your radar. For example, consider a radar on a ship. It may well find that in some directions its view is obscured by other parts of the superstructure. If the could cover these other bits of the ship with meta-materials such that the radar pulses could pass 'through' and back again undisturbed, then our radar's field of view would be increased. Such an application would work perfectly well with even the relatively narrow band materials presented previously.

  10. from TFA by someone1234 · · Score: 4, Funny

    "Now [that] this is becoming a more feasible technology, we will start to see a lot more of it."

    Heh, i thought the goal was to see a lot less of it :)

    --
    Patents Drive Free Software as Hurricanes Drive Construction Industry
  11. No Photo No Talk! by sam0737 · · Score: 3, Funny

    I look forward to the photo of the prototype.

  12. Re:Extraordinary claims require extraordinary proo by fyoder · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Actually, all claims require adequate support for provisional acceptance. Differing standards for differing claims derives from the concept of canon which has more of a place in religion than science.

    I agree it would have been nice if they'd included a demonstration vid.

    --
    Loose lips lose spit.
  13. Re:Summary is wrong by ResidntGeek · · Score: 2, Insightful

    unless I missed something or made a terrible error in thinking.

    Yep, that's the one. Frequencies should be thought of logarithmically. You can use the musical concept of octaves in this case. 1-18 GHz is about 4.17 octaves, whereas 400-750 THz is about 0.9 octaves.

    --
    ResidntGeek
  14. Re:1 to 18 gigahertz by CarpetShark · · Score: 2, Funny

    How is 1 to 18 gigahertz a swath as wide as the visual spectrum? It's much wider.

    You must be thinking of the 16k visual spectrum. This is referring to the Spectrum 128k.

  15. California > Minnesota by Scrameustache · · Score: 3, Funny

    Why would that be no longer effective? If the cloak reroutes 90% of the light, then you're left with 10% opacity, right? Sure, something that translucent would be very difficult to see, especially from a distance.

    The Predator still got his ass shot up good with that hand-held vulcan gun, because the soldier saw the 10% of light that he couldn't cloak.

    That's what you get for pissing off Jesse "the future Governor of Minnesota" Ventura.
    Cloaking device or not.

    --

    You can't take the sky from me...

  16. Re:One color invisibility certainly could be of us by dotancohen · · Score: 4, Funny

    ...and I ain't an engineer.

    I bet you've a schoolteacher.

    --
    It is dangerous to be right when the government is wrong.
  17. "But a cloak that made an object invisible... by Peet42 · · Score: 2, Insightful

    ...to light of only one color would not be of much use."

    It would be exceptionally useful if that colour was infra-red.

  18. Why all the work? by RyoShin · · Score: 2, Informative

    I don't see why they're overdoing this so much. I've been able to become invisible for a long time--all I have to do is cover my eyes!

    Try it today!

  19. Funny? by denzacar · · Score: 2, Funny

    I fail to see what is so funny about that.

    --
    Mit der Dummheit kämpfen Götter selbst vergebens
  20. Re:One color invisibility certainly could be of us by Proteus · · Score: 5, Informative

    Bah, "ain't" is a perfectly valid contraction for "am not", and has been since at least 1706. (See http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=ain't&searchmode=none) Proscriptionists object to it largely because it's often used for "is not", or "are not", which was seen as somehow "perverting" the English language.

    In fact, though, "ain't" has been used that way since at least the 19th century.

    About the worst that you can say of "ain't" is that it's inappropriate for a formal register, but so are most contractions.

    Cheers,
    Your Friendly Neighborhood Pedant

    --
    We may not imagine how our lives could be more frustrating and complex—but Congress can. – Cullen Hightower
  21. 18 GHZ is NOT the width of the visible specturm by jschimpf · · Score: 5, Informative
    Visible light ~5000 - 7000 Angstroms (1X10-9 m)

    7000 -> f = lambda/c -> 4.28275E+14

    5000 -> f = lambda/c -> 5.99585E+14

    Difference -> 1.713E+14 Hz -> 1.713E5 GHZ

    About 171,000 GHZ not 17

    1. Re:18 GHZ is NOT the width of the visible specturm by bint · · Score: 2, Informative

      That was some confusing math. First of all 1 Angstrom is 10^-10. you're thinking nm. And the equation should be:

      f = c/lambda

      I guess you meant that as the frequencies come out correctly.

  22. acoustic radar will find em by cheekyboy · · Score: 2, Interesting

    If its in range, just do a sonar type at high freq, and you are bound to map something.

    --
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