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Hope For Multi-Language Programming?
chthonicdaemon writes "I have been using Linux as my primary environment for more than ten years. In this time, I have absorbed all the lore surrounding the Unix Way — small programs doing one thing well, communicating via text and all that. I have found the command line a productive environment for doing many of the things I often do, and I find myself writing lots of small scripts that do one thing, then piping them together to do other things. While I was spending the time learning grep, sed, awk, python and many other more esoteric languages, the world moved on to application-based programming, where the paradigm seems to be to add features to one program written in one language. I have traditionally associated this with Windows or MacOS, but it is happening with Linux as well. Environments have little or no support for multi-language projects — you choose a language, open a project and get it done. Recent trends in more targeted build environments like cmake or ant are understandably focusing on automatic dependency generation and cross-platform support, unfortunately making it more difficult to grow a custom build process for a multi-language project organically. All this is a bit painful for me, as I know how much is gained by using a targeted language for a particular problem. Now the question: Should I suck it up and learn to do all my programming in C++/Java/(insert other well-supported, popular language here) and unlearn ten years of philosophy, or is there hope for the multi-language development process?"
Not really "tool based" programming like the unix stuff that was mentionned...but for example where I work, they combine languages. Our .NET stuff will be a mix of raw intel assembly, managed C++, C#, and F# for the algorithms. Mixing purely functional languages with procedurals languages with some functional features seem to be gaining momentum in algorithm heavy fields.
Then there's the occasional java program that will invoke perl scripts for jobs, for example.
Its definately there for large projects. Its just that with the power of more modern environments, the projects have to be MUCH larger before they start warranting to take the overhead of mixing languages/tools to gain efficiency. The extra tools, testing, integration, installation, dependencies, etc that are involved are not worth it for "small" projects (and again, by today's definitions, a "small" project can be quite large, hehe)
The more languages, the more of a pain for support, debugging, and dev hand-off. If the solution is going to make money, make time to think of how you can grow the business (I.E hire developers and develop a position description). Things in this perspective get ugly when you have 5 components developed with 5 different languages.. - SPT
The world ebbs and flow. One day it C, another RPG or CL or ADA or PHP or ...
Do what you like to do.
What you may want to, is join a project that is more inline with Linux as whole versus a single app. Ubuntu or another general distro, or help with a small single use distro like IPCop. They should be glad to have some one like you help out.
One time at my company, a programmer who must have been in his 50s came in with a resume that had no less than 25 programming languages. I was interviewing him, so I asked him, "Which of all these languages do you like most?" I figured he'd have some nuanced answer dealing with precision in Ada or flexibility in Lisp, or the happiness of Perl. Nope. "Shell scripting" he said. My jaw nearly dropped. He said, "It easily lets me tie all these different building blocks together. No other language can do that." He didn't end up working with us but it was one of the most educational interviews I ever did. I like interviewing more experienced programmers, even if they don't end up working for us, just because something interesting ALWAYS happens. I could tell you stories........
As for the question, I think in part he's right, it is good to have a separate mailer from the browser from the calendaring program, and have ways for them to communicate. Some systems do work in this way, for example, most chess programs will let you change your chess engines, separating the front end from the back. Might want to check how they do it. Other programs on OS X will let you manipulate variables and send messages using applescript or automator. Also, on OS X, there's no reason to not use awk or sed. But definitely learn C++ and Java, they're used everywhere and once you know one, the other's not too difficult.
Maybe if you were more specific in the question you asked we could answer better? Or were you just trying to encourage all programmers on slashdot to program more modularly?
Qxe4
Should I suck it up and learn to do all my programming in C++/Java?
Yes.
In my 10 years of professional development I've covered many languages, but the last three doing nothing but Java have been the happiest. The second happiest was doing nothing but C++. There's a wonderful economy of scale to focusing on a single technology, you don't waste time on the glue.
XML is a known as a key material required to create SMD: Software of Mass Destruction
Eclipse is a fantastic platform for multi-language development, especially if your primary languages are C, C++, Python, Ruby, etc.
All you need to do is create a C++ Makefile Project, then use the makefile to wrap your build system (e.g. ant, scons, actual makefile, whatever). You can build any number of binaries and launch them (or scripts) from the powerful launch profile system.
Basically, Eclipse projects have "facets" - they can cram in features from multiple language development kits and mostly remain compatible. You still sometimes have to do the glue work yourself, but in general C/C++/Python are very easy to mesh. It is therefore easy to have a project with C libraries being loaded by Python, and so on.
Sam ty sig.
You need to go no further.
Python gives you the Rosetta stone for a project combining any other languages you'd like.
It is a very high level development language, and does have a vast common library, able to "talk" tens of protocols, you can call directly any module compiled into a dynamic library with the CTypes module. .net? Ditto - there is ironpython! .CPP? Use libboost or ctyypes to interface python with the .cpp, and soem xmlrpc to talk with a module in the JVM (oh, it would take you 10, perhaps 12 lines of code to write two methods in python which use the standard library to talk back and forth between both running enviroments.
Also, if your application or parts of it run in the Java VM, no problem, python is there in the form of "jython", enabling you to use this dynamic, multi paradigm and interactive language directly from inside the JVM, with all its standard library, plus full access to any java classes you have in there. Oh..you do you use
Ah, you need to exchange data from parents of your app in the jvm with native code in
Plus, connectivity with the automation interface of hundreds of other software - including OpenOffice, GIMP, Inkscape, all of KDE software through DCOP (kde 3) and DBUS (KDE 4), easy communication to any windows software which does havea COMM interface - and, it even works under GNU/other unixes - just run your windows app and win32 python under the wine emulator (the apps "think" they are ont eh windoews, but sockets and network ports are on localhost across windows and native apps)
Anyway -- too much to try to write in such a shrot space. It obviously have all you are askign for and certainly goes beyond that.
And, pronably you don't know Python yourself , or you would not need to ask such a question - souyou might have the impression itr is a "script" language jsut like some dirty linear scripting tools around one have to sweat a lot of hacks to insert a "for" and a "if" statement. Not such. It is multi paradigm and de-bureaucratized, but it supports a full OO model, written in from scratch, not shoehorned in a later stage of the language like happened with PHP or Perl. Everything in Python is an object. Even integer numbers, and it can give you more flexibility with your classes and objects with features such as meta-classes, computed properties, and such than the majority of OO languages out there.
And before one says "ruby", just a thing: "readability counts"!
-><- no
Well, this ain't going to be a Slashdot pleasing answer, but .NET would seem to be the best environment for multi-language programming.
There are also a number of languages that work in for the Java Virtual Machine. There's Groovy, Scala, Jython etc.
You already know one philosophy. You don't "unlearn" it by learning another. You just learn more. Gain experience!
Ok. Im not a CS genius, and a matter of fact i am seeing this from purely practical point of view. I am a experimental physicist, and as such i program measurement and evaluation software. I always (at least since 1999) work cross-platform, which means that all applicable parts (e.g. if i dont hav a daq driver for linux, then obvioulsy the application will have no daq) of my applications run on linux and on windows, be it just for easier testing.
My experiences which worked turned out to be pretty much the generic one you would expect
a) Use ANSI C (not C++) for the vectorized operations and interfacing to the system level
b) use a cross-platform scripting language (in combination with SWIG). (tcl, python, jython)
c) If you feel like it, use java.
d) If you can affort it use a already existing Framework which does what you want (in my case: matlab)
e) Refrain from anything platform specific, unless you have to use it.
My best experiences in terms of multi-language+multi-platform where
-tcl+C (Since i started to use tcl in 2007 i always wondered why i did not do that earlier. tcl/tk is lean, easy, fast and
quite stable)
-java+jython+C
Becomes a real problem if the multi-language thing is more or less "You use what you like." So you get one dev who likes some obscure language and uses it for his little part. Everything works well so nobody cares. Then he leaves for a different job some day. Time comes around to update his part... and nobody has any idea how to. None of the other staff are skilled in that language. Now you are in for a world of hurt while that gets sorted out.
Multiple languages for their own sake isn't a good idea. Any time you choose a programming language for a project, there should be a reason. That includes the initial language, but certainly applies to any other languages also used. For example suppose you have a web package that's written in Perl. You chose it because your package deals with a lot of text processing and Perl does that well, and also because your target platform supports Perl. Ok, good choice. There are other legit choices, but that's a fine choice. Now you have a client app that goes with it. Perl doesn't work well for that, so you choose C#. You choose that because the client app needs only to run on Windows, isn't speed critical, and needs to be easy to develop a GUI for. Also a good choice.
However you then decide to add a new feature to your server side of the program. You chose Ruby because it is new and seems neat. Bad choice. The server portion is already written in Perl, why add a new language? The "Because it's neat," is a horrible reason. Will Perl not do the job? Then why add more complexity.
Just sticking in new languages at semi-random on a project will do nothing but make it much harder. If there's a real compelling reason to have multiple languages, ok then great. That certainly does happen. However just saying "Let's use more languages for fun," is just setting yourself up for hard times.
That sounds like an unfortunate step into another layer of short-lived languages. Learn how to actually program: learn C.
I've been programming for going on 35 years and have tried a BUNCH of different languages and approaches. I'm glad I've finally settled on writing virtually 100% of my code in Python (using C only when performance is an absolute must). That plus some shell scripts seems to work for almost any project that I've come across in the last 5 years. Python brings lots of tools, good support system, etc. and I'm finding that concentrating on a single language means I'm deepening my understanding with every program I write and adding to a robust personal library of reusable functions and classes that make writing bulletproof code a pleasure. I can be VERY productive because of the high level nature of the code. It is almost like writing pseudo-code once you get a good understanding. I write for Windows and Linux (not much on the Mac). I've written Windows Services, COM objects, GUI programs (with wxWindows), as well as normal batch programs and scripts. On Linux I've written daemons, GUI programs, and background batch processing scripts. What is great is that I only need the one language. I have just never felt at home in the GUI IDE world that seems so popular with some.
If I had serious text processing, I'd use Perl. And do.
Graphics means using a well supported library, so Perl/Tk is the better choice than Java/Swing.
Um...I do not think "well supported library" means what you think it means. Tk is old and crufty. Swing isn't much better, but if you're doing graphics you're almost certainly doing it with SDL or some other accelerated system, and you wouldn't use Swing for that either.
Tk is not as old and crufty as you think. It has been updated allot recently
Java/Swing actually has a very fast fully accelerated OpenGL drawing pipeline that is even supported on Linux. And yes many graphics heavy applications are buildt using Java/Swing The problem with swing is that it takes some heavy study time to learn how to do it correctly and not make your interface suck. But done correctly Java can keep up with most things out there. It's the done correctly part that is hard.
In my experience, using multiple languages in a project will force you to write sizeable amounts of glue code. These processes will have to communicate one way or another and they all have their particular way to do so. So, your glue code is often not that simple but deals with interprocess communication for which a protocol will have to be devised (could be simple, but nevertheless).
Now if that was all, then so be it: write glue code. However, I found most programmers do not heavily check for errors in their normal code, where you have things like exceptions and return values at your disposal.
This becomes much worse when doing interprocess communication. The normal language constructs aren't there, you're communicating using a self-defined protocol. Often this is invented on the spot and does not include a proper way to catch errors and deal correctly with them.
So in my opinion: don't shy away from using multiple languages, but remember that you need a decent amount of time for what could be quite complicated glue code.
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I have serious text processing to do every time I see perl's syntax ;)
Properly written swing is fine, and i have used without complaints from clients. It looks and performs rather well with openJDK. The problem is that 99% of swing out there are by 1st year students learning how to write any code at all, let alone competent GUI front end. But it is just another gui api with all the pros and cons that seem to come with them all.
The Grey Goo disaster happened 3 billion years ago. This rock is covered in self replicating machines!
Anyway, there's plenty of room for multi-language programming. One example of this is SOAP. Another example is CORBA.
is this your argument for or against multi-language programming? :)