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Lithium In Water "Curbs Suicide"

SpuriousLogic writes "Drinking water which contains lithium may reduce the risk of suicide, a Japanese study suggests. Researchers compared levels of lithium in drinking water to suicide rates in the prefecture of Oita, which has a population of more than one million. The suicide rate was significantly lower in those areas with the highest levels of lithium, they wrote in the British Journal of Psychiatry. And I was only worried about fluoridation affecting my precious bodily fluids before ..."

30 of 458 comments (clear)

  1. Anyone ever read that Stephen King story? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Where they spike the water to cure aggression in people? It doesn't end well.

    1. Re:Anyone ever read that Stephen King story? by tomhudson · · Score: 5, Funny

      Why not spike it with booze instead. "Every hour is happy hour!"

      And when people then still continue to "off" themselves, we can say "no big deal, it was just another drunk."

      So, can I have my research grant now?

    2. Re:Anyone ever read that Stephen King story? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      It's a song called Lithium written by a guy who killed himself... not too offtopic, really.

    3. Re:Anyone ever read that Stephen King story? by hackstraw · · Score: 5, Informative

      For those that do not know, lithium is a commonly prescribed medication for people with bipolar/manic depression disorder. Suicide is the only top 10-20 killer among all age groups in the US. The people most likely to commit suicide are bipolar people as opposed to people who are "normal" or those with other psychiatric disorders (major/minor depression, schizophrenia, etc). Similar studies to the one in this story have been done in Texas where lithium levels in the water supply are significantly above average compared to other states and the hospitalizations and suicide rate of bipolar people are less in Texas than other states. Yes, these studies are correlational, but anyone with a basic knowledge of statistics knows that correlation is well beyond the mantra shouted here that "correlation != causation".

      Case in point with Nirvana's Lithium lyrics, the author of the song, Kurt Cobain, was bipolar, and he is now dead from suicide. The reason suicide is so common with bipolar people is because it is so difficult for them to handle the swings from the feelings of mania and euphoria down to the feelings of worthlessness and despair. Also, heavy substance abuse, particularly with central nervous system depressants like alcohol and heroin are common among bipolar people because they temporarily relieve stress (a trigger for instability) and well alcohol and heroin are quite pleasant drugs to do in the first place. Its not uncommon for them to semi-regularly do drugs like cocaine, MDMA, or LSD to bring back the familiar feelings of mania and euphoria.

      Its common for the drug use or other unconventional social behaviors to be incorrectly deemed as causal towards the feelings and behaviors of people with bipolar disorder. I know someone very well who has bipolar disorder who has gone back and forth between a highly functional, well educated, intelligent, middle-class professional to chronic alcoholism, homelessness, in and out of jail and unemployment, to back again to the functional part. In our society, its not very permitted for people to take weeks, months or years away from activities like work or school which is what most people do from 5-65 years of age, and any and all deviations from consistency are heavily punished due to lower pay, lack of promotions, loss of jobs, jail, hospitalization, etc, which is enough to make any "normal" person depressed.

  2. Anyone ever watch that Joss Whedon movie? by joetomato · · Score: 5, Funny

    Where they spike the air to cure aggression in people? It doesn't end well.

    1. Re:Anyone ever watch that Joss Whedon movie? by ushering05401 · · Score: 5, Funny

      It was as if a million voices cried out 'WOOOSH' and were suddenly silenced.

  3. Not surprising by grapeape · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Concidering that Lithium is used to treat a number of mental illnesses like bipolar and depression that should be expected. Here in the US there are many living with undiagnosed depression and we are seen as a tollerant and accepting society in regards to mental health. In Japan there is far less social acceptance (at least when I lived there, maybe its changed) so I would expect and even higher percentage of non treated people.

    1. Re:Not surprising by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      Manic episodes are definitely not "irrationally and exceptionally happy" and are very often extremely unpleasant.

      Lithium acts as a mood stabilizer and works on both depression and mania.

      The post you replied to is exactly right. In places with a mood stabilizing chemical in the water, suicide rates are lower. Fairly unsurprising except that the amount of lithium being dealt with is probably well below the known therapeutic threshold.

    2. Re:Not surprising by waveformwafflehouse · · Score: 5, Insightful

      And a universally delivered mood stabilizer makes for a conveniently complacent population.

      Get your propaganda goggles on for this one.

    3. Re:Not surprising by Z00L00K · · Score: 5, Interesting

      And maybe the real problem is that the body needs a certain amount of lithium to be stable, but some people need it more than other due to genetic predisposition.

      And if we get it through water or through food is a different issue. One contributing fact can also be that we use pure sodium chloride in our cooking instead of a mix of salts where lithium and potassium also are present.

      But it's probably best to avoid chewing on those LiIon batteries. But eating vegetables seems to be a good idea.

      --
      If builders built buildings the way programmers wrote programs, then the first woodpecker would destroy civilization.
    4. Re:Not surprising by feepness · · Score: 5, Funny

      And a universally delivered mood stabilizer makes for a conveniently complacent population. Get your propaganda goggles on for this one.

      At first the idea of this totally pissed me off. But then I had a nice, cool, glass of water and thought better of it.

    5. Re:Not surprising by icebike · · Score: 5, Funny

      > Just imagine the anti-floridation crowd going ballistic if anyone suggested adding Lithium to municipal water supplies.

      Not if we add it first, and tell them later...

      --
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  4. Lithium is used to fight bipolar disorder by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Interesting

    It is not widely promoted since it can't be patented. This is not a conspiracy theory (even if it sounds like this), see it here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_pharmacology

    1. Re: Lithium is used to fight bipolar disorder by Mr+Stubby · · Score: 5, Funny

      from that wiki link - "The most common side effects of lithium are thirst and polyuria."
      So lithium in the water would make people drink more water and get more lithum which makes them drink more water and get more... oh the humanity!

    2. Re: Lithium is used to fight bipolar disorder by jd · · Score: 5, Informative

      It can also cause thyroid problems and kidney failure. Patients must undergo very stringent tests to see if their body can cope with lithium, before it is given to them.

      The problem is, lithium is highly toxic only very slightly above the theraputic threshold, making it extremely dangerous. Failure to drink, or sweating too much, will cause the lithium concentration to become dangerous or possibly deadly.

      Well, that's -a- problem. Another is that it massively reduces the seizure threshold, so anyone potentially subject to seizures must also be put on anti-seizure medication to cancel the side-effect or risk having their brain turn into swiss cheese. However, each time you add medicines, you add risk of an abreaction to the new medication and also risk of the medications interacting in harmful ways.

      (Many who die of medications they were prescribed die because the medications interacted.)

      Despite Lithium being one of the longest-used medications for mental healthcare, it is still not very well understood. Patients are tried on it to see if it'll work for them, because it works much of the time. If it doesn't work, the doctor will try something else at random, and keep on going until something does work.

      Why there haven't been studies using Lithium isotopes to trace the effects and identify the specific class(es) of condition(s) Lithium can deal with and which it can't, I don't know. It would seem easy enough and it would reduce the randomness in the mental healthcare industry.

      --
      It's a small world and it smells funny; I'd buy another if it wasn't for the money; Take back what I paid (SoM)
    3. Re: Lithium is used to fight bipolar disorder by Tiro · · Score: 5, Interesting

      The problem is, lithium is highly toxic only very slightly above the theraputic threshold, making it extremely dangerous.

      If this study shows effects from the amount of Li occuring in drinking water, then perhaps pharmacologists should reevaluate what the theraputic threshold is?

  5. So this means... by actionbastard · · Score: 5, Funny
    --
    Sig this!
    1. Re:So this means... by jdong · · Score: 5, Funny

      In Iran, we don't have suicides either, like in your country. We don't have that in our country. In Iran, we do not have this phenomenon. I do not know who has told you that we have it.

  6. He might be right by Norsefire · · Score: 5, Funny

    0% of people who commited suicide in the last year drunk water with Lithium in it.

  7. Re:HS chem may be a fading memory but... by Norsefire · · Score: 5, Funny

    That's the idea; if you drink exploding water you can't commit suicide.

  8. lithium is well known by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    for its ability to suppress suicidal urges. It's significantly more effective at suicide reduction than any other drug available. For this reason, it's still commonly used for treating people with bipolar. Ironically, it's also one of the more toxic drugs and easy to commit suicide with.

    Having drugs that reduce the incidence of suicide is extremely important especially for bipolar. Post diagnosis, there is approximately a 15 to 20% suicide rate for bipolar patients. I was almost in that 15 to 20% I know very clearly why people try to end their lives and I also know that if they're not terminally ill, it can and should be prevented.

    If a friend or family member is seriously down, withdraws from social circles (and not just because they're on a bataan death march coding project), start giving away belongings or are talking about how it hurts too much to stay alive, ask them these three questions.

    Do you have a plan to kill yourself? (Ask how)
    do you have the materials to kill yourself with?
    Do you have a place/time for killing yourself?

    A single yes means stay close, call mental health in the morning. Two yeses or more means get the person to the emergency room and tell the doctor about these questions and responses. If the person will not go with you, call the emergency room, tell them what's going on and they will send emergency personnel to help.

    Almost all people thinking of suicide will give you signals and, even though they may not show it, want someone to stop them. Most importantly, if you try and they kill themselves anyway, don't blame yourself.

    1. Re:lithium is well known by ductonius · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Mod parent up.

      People who intend to commit suicide tend to talk about it. It means they need help, please try and get them to it/it to them.

  9. Re:Anyone else massively creeped out by this? by altek · · Score: 5, Informative

    I don't think anyone's saying anything about scientists PUTTING lithium into the water. They went around and measured levels of lithium already in the water and found that the areas with higher levels had less suicides. Seems like other factors could be at play here too, considering that geographic areas are often different from one another in many societal aspects.

    --
    THE MAGIC WORDS ARE SQUEAMISH OSSIFRAGE
  10. Re:Unethical by BobisOnlyBob · · Score: 5, Insightful

    So can we ethically allow mind-altering substances that are naturally present to exist in the water supply? It's a tricky business the moment you cease drinking water from rivers or springs and start piping it anywhere. The people piping it suddenly have an ethical obligation regarding its contents.

    This study was to identify potential NATURAL contaminants that alter emotional disposition. Nothing about changing the water supply. It is potentially interesting, in that it may change our understanding of suicidal behaviour from place to place, and our understanding of something as simple as the water supply's varied social effects.

    When you drink tap water, you (presumably a healthy person) are consuming a substance that may or may not have mind-altering substances just naturally. Almost all chemicals have some negligible effect on the mind, some moreso than others. Your region probably hasn't been analysed for lithium concentrations; you could be in a naturally higher region for all you know. Are you being given a mind-altering substance without your consent? Quite possibly.

    Or to put it another way... There are more shades of grey than there are in your morality.

  11. Re:Anyone else massively creeped out by this? by timeOday · · Score: 5, Interesting

    I don't think anyone's saying anything about scientists PUTTING lithium into the water. They went around and measured levels of lithium already in the water and found that the areas with higher levels had less suicides.

    I suppose all water has some level of lithium. Maybe people evolved for lithium-rich water (compared to the worldwide average today) and millions of people worldwide are actually suffering from lithium deficiency. Heck, it even kills some of them.

  12. Side Effects by mr100percent · · Score: 5, Informative

    According to Epocrates, Lithium has side effects

    Common Reactions:
    tremor
    polyuria
    diarrhea
    vomiting
    drowsiness
    muscle weakness
    arrhythmias
    anorexia
    nausea
    blurred vision
    dry mouth
    fatigue

    Serious Reactions:
    coma
    seizures
    ventricular arrhythmias
    bradycardia, severe
    syncope
    goiter
    hypothyroidism
    hyperparathyroidism
    pseudotumor cerebri
    Raynaud's phenomenon
    diabetes insipidus

  13. Re:Anyone else massively creeped out by this? by gad_zuki! · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Why is being calm equated to being a zombie or being in a herd? Im certainly not advocating spiking the water with anything but fluoride, but its interesting how we react to news like this. We completely accept the speedy society. Hell, politicans and business want us to be stressed out and speedy. They want us to gulp down more afternoon coffee, red bull, bawls, soda, sugar, etc. It makes you more productive right? So, now youre doing the work of two people and catching up on your deadlines. Its not their concern that youre slowly developing heart disease or that youre anxious all the time and finally end up crashing around 3 or 4pm only to go home and veg out in front of the TV until bedtime to start the cycle over again. Theyre just happy they didnt have to hire an extra person in your department.

    So, when someone suggests that calm might be better for you socially and medically, suddenly we're frothing at the mouth and jonsing for starbucks. I think this says a lot about modern society. Personally, I have no patience with the speedy types. You know, the over-worked person at your company who is on her third starbucks before 10am and wont stop talking your ear off or is buzzing around like a loon at all your meetings. Yeah, I want to work on a project with her.

    Perhaps there's something to being in a calm town, regardless whether its water causing it or just people who want to be calm and happy instead of anxious and speedy.

  14. Re:me two. by MrNaz · · Score: 5, Funny

    Patent? Lithium? It's an element on the periodic table. How could it possibly have ever had a patent filed against it?

    --
    I hate printers.
  15. Re:me two. by tverbeek · · Score: 5, Funny

    Besides, we need all the available lithium for making batteries now; we can't afford to waste it on people who are probably just going to kill themselves anyway.

    --
    http://alternatives.rzero.com/
  16. Re:me too by Sometimes_Rational · · Score: 5, Informative

    Lithium is the third element in the periodic table, and the first metal. In other words, it is as far from being a heavy metal as it is possible to get.

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