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New HIV Strain Discovered

reporter and barnyjr were among the readers alerting us to the discovery of a new strain of the HIV virus, found in a woman from the west central African nation of Cameroon. "It differs from the three known strains of human immunodeficiency virus and appears to be closely related to a form of simian virus recently discovered in wild gorillas, researchers report in Monday's edition of the journal Nature Medicine. ... The most likely explanation for the new find is gorilla-to-human transmission, Plantier's team said. But... they cannot rule out the possibility that the new strain started in chimpanzees and moved into gorillas and then humans, or moved directly from chimpanzees to both gorillas and humans. ... Researchers said it could be circulating unnoticed in Cameroon or elsewhere. The virus's rapid replication indicates that it is adapted to human cells, the researchers reported."

41 of 263 comments (clear)

  1. One Brave Dude... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Somewhere, someone was either very desperate, brave, stupid or all of the above to be getting busy with a gorilla.

    1. Re:One Brave Dude... by hesaigo999ca · · Score: 4, Funny

      Sometimes, love has no barriers...or cupid just does not know that bestiality is a no,no.

    2. Re:One Brave Dude... by Fross · · Score: 4, Funny

      Given the rate of infection is much higher in the, ahem, receiver of bodily fluids, than the giver, it is much more likely that it wasn't the human who had the predatory sexual instincts.

      Yikes. :/ Raped by a gorilla and given Simian aids.

    3. Re:One Brave Dude... by Sausage+Nibblets · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Somewhere, someone was either very desperate, brave, stupid or all of the above to be getting busy with a gorilla.

      You forgot drunk.

    4. Re:One Brave Dude... by TerranFury · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Maybe the transmission happened when somebody ate the gorilla (or prepared the raw meat)? This seems more likely than interspecies sex.

    5. Re:One Brave Dude... by dbet · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Or a gorilla scratched or bit him.

    6. Re:One Brave Dude... by MBGMorden · · Score: 2, Informative

      More likely the preparation. IIRC, the HIV virus really isn't that hardy outside of a host - cooking the meat likely would have eliminated the infection (and again, IIRC, HIV can generally only be caught orally through and open sore or such in the mouth - it won't survive the conditions in the stomach to infect the host).

      --
      "People who think they know everything are very annoying to those of us who do."-Mark Twain
    7. Re:One Brave Dude... by kalirion · · Score: 4, Funny

      People, people, please remember that when you are having sex with a gorilla, you are also having sex with every gorilla that gorilla has ever had sex with!

      [paraphrased from Night Stand]

    8. Re:One Brave Dude... by interkin3tic · · Score: 2, Funny

      Maybe the transmission happened when somebody ate the gorilla (or prepared the raw meat)? This seems more likely than interspecies sex.

      The two aren't really mutually exclusive. Trust me.

  2. Risk by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    The most likely explanation for the new find is gorilla-to-human transmission

    So you'll be able to spot those at greatest risk by the way they are walking?

  3. How? by DoofusOfDeath · · Score: 2, Interesting

    How would HIV be transmitted from a gorilla to humans?

    1. Re:How? by Lilo-x · · Score: 2, Insightful

      hunting and eating,

      --
      This is my sig, there are many like it but this is mine
    2. Re:How? by Vectronic · · Score: 4, Insightful

      During hunting most likely, get a cut from a branch/rock/weapon/etc, then get the blood from the gorilla in the cut, or get bitten/attacked by the gorilla itself. Could also be transmitted through eating (really I don't know fuck all about it), I imagine that a lot of people there (or "here" for that matter) have gum/teeth problems, perhaps an open wound or sore in the mouth from something, add that to improperly (or uncooked) meat, voila.

    3. Re:How? by ferd_farkle · · Score: 5, Funny

      Killing, butchering, and eating your own meat involves a great deal of blood.

    4. Re:How? by noundi · · Score: 5, Funny

      Gorilla mage casts HIV.
      You take 23 damage!
      You're poisoned!

      And that's how babies are made.

      --
      I am the lawn!
    5. Re:How? by CarpetShark · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Sex, needle sharing, blood transfusion, or breast feeding. Take your pick.

      Seriously... I'd guess biting or something like that. There's more here:

      http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/resources/factsheets/transmission.htm

    6. Re:How? by neokushan · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Somebody once told me, and by somebody I mean someone that should actually be knowledgeable about the subject (Zoology expert), that apparently our DNA is close enough to some primates that it IS possible to have offspring with them, similar to how Lions and Tigers can have offspring (of course most animal hybrids are usually sterile), but nobody's ever tried it for a plethora of reasons (mostly moral ones).

      Now this leads me to 2 points:

      1) If anyone has any facts or data relating to this little tidbit of information that either proves or disproves it, please post a link or two! I'm very intrigued to know if he is actually right.

      2) If this is IS true, then we can probably put this whole idea of someone fucking a Monkey and catching AIDS to rest, since by and large there would HAVE to have been a monkey/human hybrid born at some point, which I don't think has ever happened (despite supposedly being possible).

      --
      +1 IDisagreeSoHeMustBeATrollOrAnAstroturferOrAShill
    7. Re:How? by Wain13001 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Good point.

      You will notice that the places where such stories tend to occur are the same places where "witches steal men's penises" and the like. Somehow I find myself having doubts as well.

    8. Re:How? by rainmaestro · · Score: 5, Interesting

      I'd have to go back into journals to find exact articles, but here is what I remember from my Primatology courses:

      (1) Human/Chimp hybrid experiments have been done, by a Soviet researcher in the early 20th Century. No offspring were ever produced.

      (2) Recent research (2000+) suggests that we did breed with chimps regularly in the period following the initial divergence. As time goes on and we continue to diverge, it becomes less feasible.

      Not very specific, but it wasn't a topic we covered in any real depth.

    9. Re:How? by squoozer · · Score: 2, Informative

      IANABiologist but I've studied some biology. AIUI the DNA is quite similar but breeding is about more than just the DNA. I doubt that the other machinery necessary to produce viable off spring is sufficiently compatible. Wikipedia sheds more light on the possibility of the humanzee http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanzee

      --
      I used to have a better sig but it broke.
    10. Re:How? by Joren · · Score: 2, Informative

      ...there would HAVE to have been a monkey/human hybrid born at some point

      I know there's a GWB joke in there, I just know it... too bad he wasn't the one whose birth certificate is missing, that would be a zinger now!

      Whose birth certificate is missing? It isn't Obama's.

      --
      -- Joren
    11. Re:How? by smellsofbikes · · Score: 4, Informative

      Very unlikely. Humans have one fewer pair of chromosomes than any of the other primates (because two of their chromosomes fused to form one of ours) and a bunch of chromosomes have long sequences that are inverted compared to other primates' sequences. That's not to say it couldn't happen: horses and mules have a 1pair difference, and manage to produce (mostly sterile) offspring regularly, but that's rare. And, as someone else said and is discussed in more detail in the wholly wonderful book Elephants On Acid , scientists in the old Soviet Union tried repeatedly to make human/chimp hybrids using artificial insemination in volunteers, and never had any success. There have been documented cases of primates raping humans, as well, but again, no documented offspring. (There's a very creepy scene in -- I believe -- Farley Mowat's Woman In The Mists where he describes a woman researcher working for Diane Fossey being raped by a chimp while other researchers stood and watched. I know it was her group, but I don't remember if it was his book that discussed it.)

      --
      Nostalgia's not what it used to be.
    12. Re:How? by migla · · Score: 5, Funny

      You need to be almost incredibly stoic to kill, butcher and then eat your own meat, though.

      --
      Some of my favourite people are from th US; Vonnegut, Chomsky, Bill Hicks.
    13. Re:How? by sleepy_sanchez · · Score: 3, Informative

      Stalin thought to produce super-soldiers by producing these primate hybrids. In fact, Africans were involved in the experiment, because they were thought to be genetically more "compatible"(trailing behind the evolutionary timeline) . This is the best google link I could find: http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/stalins-space-monkeys-808978.html

  4. Gorilla by dintech · · Score: 3, Informative

    It is believed that HIV jumped to humans eating gorilla meat. Note to self, no more gorilla burgers.

  5. Like the old joke by kurt555gs · · Score: 5, Funny

    A man and his wife are at the zoo, when the man notices a large male gorilla leering at his wife. The man tells his wife, look, that gorilla is really hot for you, show him some skin. Just joking, the wife flashes the gorilla, and it makes the beast bang on the cage, jump up and down and bellow. Just then, the man opens the door to his cage, throws the wife in, and says "now, tell him you have a headache".

    --
    * Carthago Delenda Est *
  6. What scares me by boliboboli · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Is when some new strain of HIV becomes more easily transmittable.

  7. Why people should read the fine article. by Artifakt · · Score: 5, Informative

    1. The index patient is from Cameroon, but was living in France at the time of discovery.
    2. The patient did not eat gorilla meat personally, by her testimony, and it is likely the mode of transmission to her was from an as yet unidentified male human. She is probably several transmissions removed from the person we would designate the true patient Zero, and that hypothetical person probably is (or was) in Cameroon, and was initially exposed in Cameroon.
    3. the patient does not have AIDS symptoms at this time. Best guess is this strain will produce loss of immune function with time if untreated, and will probably respond to the same treatments as the more established strains.
    4. This strain could be slower or quicker to go to symptomatic state, not react to some drugs the same, or otherwise vary, but there's no particular reason to expect any super plague or drug resistant strain.

    --
    Who is John Cabal?
  8. Re:A legacy of colonialism by BadAnalogyGuy · · Score: 2, Interesting

    There was a show describing natural immunity to HIV. In fact, one of the interesting discussions was how the prostitutes in Africa had actually developed immunity to the virus.

  9. you forgot to mention by circletimessquare · · Score: 3, Interesting

    the woman was 62 when she was diagnosed in 2004

    meaning, this could be an old strain of aids. by "old" i mean it could have been in the human population for a long time

    i hypothesize this simply because the woman is still alive (assuming she wasn't infected 2 years ago) and mild disease is a sign of an "old" disease

    the fate of all diseases and all parasites is equilibrium with its hosts. it does no good to kill off your host so quickly there's no retransmission. so after an initial sickle swinging period of mass slaughter, the strains of any disease that dominate will be those who tend to be more mild, simply because by killing less faster, they spread wider and therefore survive longer

    so most likely its not the stand or 28 days later we're talking here

    --
    intellectual property law is philosophically incoherent. it is your moral duty to ignore it or sabotage it
    1. Re:you forgot to mention by PCM2 · · Score: 5, Informative

      the fate of all diseases and all parasites is equilibrium with its hosts. it does no good to kill off your host so quickly there's no retransmission. so after an initial sickle swinging period of mass slaughter, the strains of any disease that dominate will be those who tend to be more mild, simply because by killing less faster, they spread wider and therefore survive longer

      This is a popular myth. It is true of some diseases but not of others.

      Consider that not all diseases require human-to-human transmission. Some can be transmitted via non-human vectors, for instance mosquito bites. In those cases, the human does not need to be healthy enough to travel, or to come in contact with other humans. The mosquito takes care of that part, so the human can become very sick, very rapidly, without threatening the viability of the disease. Malaria, for example, is ancient, but has shown no signs of becoming less virulent with time. Similarly, the bubonic plague has not evolved to become less deadly since the major outbreaks of antiquity; we simply know more about how to treat it when it does occur.

      --
      Breakfast served all day!
    2. Re:you forgot to mention by ukyoCE · · Score: 2, Insightful

      the fate of all diseases and all parasites is equilibrium with its hosts. it does no good to kill off your host so quickly there's no retransmission.

      That's very optimistic of you, but not at all how nature works. Yes, for a slow-enough action things will balance out. But there's nothing in nature to prevent a fast-spreading disease from wiping out an entire population.

      The same is true of predators. A pack of wolves WILL eat the deer population to extinction in an area, and then go extinct itself if it can't find other meat. The wolves don't take a regular population tally and decide to cut back on meat and reproducing until the deer repopulate.

      The best hope is that some deer manage to evade the wolves and repopulate while the wolves are starving to death and reproducing less.

  10. Re:HIV virus by groslyunderpaid · · Score: 2, Funny

    I almost used my mod points to mod you redundant (couldn't help myself), but then realized at that point it would instead be funny, so then I caught in a logical conundrum and decided to comment instead.

  11. Gorillas on heroin? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    Great, someone shared their dirty heroin needle with a gorilla... Come on people!

  12. Re:Always Africans. by Attila+Dimedici · · Score: 2, Funny

    It's always the africans.

    That's not true, SARS was the Chinese.

    --
    The truth is that all men having power ought to be mistrusted. James Madison
  13. Re:Has the virus been observed in any animal ? by PsychoSlashDot · · Score: 5, Insightful

    It somehow seems relevant to be able to tell people which animal they should try to avoid. Chimpanzees ? Gorilla's ? Other types of monkeys or perhaps an entirely different animal ?

    Dude, in some southern African countries the adult prevalence hits 20% The animal to avoid on that content appears to be: humans.

    --
    "Oh no... he found the .sig setting."
  14. Re:Has the virus been observed in any animal ? by Vectronic · · Score: 2, Insightful

    I wouldn't really say this requires any extra attention, it should just be good practice on a whole to try and limit/reduce exposure to direct forms of blood/fluid transfers when dealing with any animal.

    We probably shouldn't hunt or eat primates at all though really. But any animal is a potential risk for infections. HIV might be the scariest, but there are others that are just as deadly.

  15. no hiv was ever transmitted from sex with a monkey by circletimessquare · · Score: 2, Interesting

    do you have any idea how strong a chimpanzee or a gorilla is? we're not talking about a placid herbivore here, we're talking 100+ pounds of pure muscle, sinew and razor sharp canines. this is not an environment in which any bestiality can possibly occur. i think sex with a shark would be easier, seriously

    the whole aids-was-from-sex-with-a-monkey line of thought is pure high school sophomore stupidity. way more 4chan than actual plausible science

    bushmeat is what it is: a messy stew of tropical disease waiting to happen, tons of transmission avenues, from open sores on the skin and in the mouth, to the sheer bloodiness of butchery. no one ever said SARS was from sex with a civet cat, or swine flu was from sex with a pig. i really don't think in the entire history of humanity anyone has ever had sex with a living chimpanzee or gorilla just because of the physical impossibility of it all

    oh great, now i just launched necrophilic bestiality meme for aids origin

    --
    intellectual property law is philosophically incoherent. it is your moral duty to ignore it or sabotage it
  16. Or it was in a burqa by Moraelin · · Score: 5, Funny

    Somewhere, someone was either very desperate, brave, stupid or all of the above to be getting busy with a gorilla.

    That or it was from a country where the most you'll see of your bride before you've bought it, or of anyone else's wife at all, is akin to a gant cloth dildo with a small netted slit at eye level. So, you know, you could pay four camels to Abdul for his daughter, and maybe she'll be as ugly as the last one when you take the burqa off, or you could get a gorilla for free and you know what you're getting ;)

    And if you keep it clothed, nobody would probably even notice. I mean, I can just see it:

    Achmed: "Say, Hassan, did your wives just go 'ook, ook'?"
    Hassan: "Erm, they're foreign. Haven't learned the language yet."
    Achmed: "And by Allah, look at that one. She's broader shouldered than the two of us together."
    Hassan: "Yeah, I bought me big wife so she can bear me lots of children. Ha ha."
    Achmed: "If you say so..."

    Come to think of it, it would make a good marketing slogan: Burqas, helping ugly chicks get laid wherever alcohol is forbidden ;)

    --
    A polar bear is a cartesian bear after a coordinate transform.
    1. Re:Or it was in a burqa by Moraelin · · Score: 2, Informative

      Why is this modded "+4, Funny" instead of "-1, Untactfully Racist" ?

      Really? Racist? Wasn't that supposed to be about race instead of about a <insert holy book>-thumping fundamentalist sect?

      There is nothing racial about the burqa. There isn't even anything muslim about them. They're the product of one single reactionary sect pining for the good ol' 7'th century days.

      And frankly, I see no reason to be tactful about a group which routinely violates human rights and treats their women like slaves.

      Briefly: sorry, I never bought into the moral relativism idea. I'll be sensitive about their culture when it stops being an excuse for evil.

      --
      A polar bear is a cartesian bear after a coordinate transform.
  17. Re:no hiv was ever transmitted from sex with a mon by fuzzyfuzzyfungus · · Score: 2, Insightful

    While I agree that transmission was almost certainly not sexual, and very much agree that gorillas(as with most of the larger non-human primates) are not to be trifled with, I'm not sure your conclusion follows.

    A dolphin could drown the best human swimmer with only modest effort; but swimming and interacting with them is pretty safe because they are (mostly) friendly social animals. Pissing them off would be a bad plan; but getting along with them isn't too hard. In a similar vein, trying to rape a gorilla would be a bad idea, it'd almost certainly maul and/or kill you. However, gorillas are fairly intelligent, moderately human-like, and have well developed social signaling mechanisms. Nothing prevents, in principle, someone from securing the gorilla's cooperation.