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Universal "Death Stench" Repels Bugs of All Types

Hugh Pickens writes "Wired reports that scientists have discovered that insects from cockroaches to caterpillars all emit the same stinky blend of fatty acids when they die and that the death mix may represent a universal, ancient warning signal to avoid their dead or injured. 'Recognizing and avoiding the dead could reduce the chances of catching the disease,' says Biologist David Rollo of McMaster University 'or allow you to get away with just enough exposure to activate your immunity.' Researchers isolated unsaturated fatty acids containing oleic and linoleic acids from the corpses of dead cockroaches and found that their concoction repelled not just cockroaches, but ants and caterpillars. 'It was amazing to find that the cockroaches avoided places treated with these extracts like the plague,' says Rollo. Even crustaceans like woodlice and pillbugs, which diverged from insects 400 million years ago, were repelled leading scientists to think the death mix represents a universal warning signal. Scientists hope the right concoction of death smells might protect crops. Thankfully, human noses can't detect the fatty acid extracts. 'I've tried smelling papers treated with them and don't smell anything strong and certainly not repellent,' writes Rollo in an e-mail. 'Not like the rotting of corpses that occurs later and is detectable from great distances.'"

31 of 248 comments (clear)

  1. This is nonsense by Rooked_One · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Maybe for some bugs, but for those nasty caca roches, I get a bowl, wipe the top 4 inches around inside with vegtable oil then put whatever inside... coffee grounds, bananas... whatever... There are tons of dead ones in there but that doesn't stop more from coming. Also, cockroaches are cannibals.

    1. Re:This is nonsense by eldavojohn · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Maybe for some bugs, but for those nasty caca roches, I get a bowl, wipe the top 4 inches around inside with vegtable oil then put whatever inside... coffee grounds, bananas... whatever... There are tons of dead ones in there but that doesn't stop more from coming. Also, cockroaches are cannibals.

      Well, to be fair, your observations are from cockroaches that have lived in close quarters with humans and not those in nature. Notice that in the article, it's only Wired who suggests this would protect you from an infestation. The scientists say this may protect crops--which are in a more natural setting. And I think you would see a much higher success rate on cockroaches or wood beetles that live in the wild versus those in your home. Many animals behave very differently in their natural environment.

      Whatever the case, I'm really excited to see fatty acid extracts used instead of chemical compounds on the food that I eat. Especially for people that have small gardens of tomatoes and vegetables. I'd personally pay a small premium on my produce for crops grown and repelling insects with this technology.

      --
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    2. Re:This is nonsense by nameer · · Score: 3, Insightful

      But fatty acid extracts are chemical compounds. And lets be clear, if they figure this out to the point that it works reliably, the next step is bring in the chemists and chemical engineers to figure out how to scale this up to industrial proportions. That will mean building the compounds in bulk, not extracting them from cockroaches. Which to be fair, is better for the roaches.

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    3. Re:This is nonsense by Yvan256 · · Score: 5, Funny

      half an hour later, new flies are examining the dead fly carcasses. Quite interesting.

      Joe? Are you alright? Joe? JOE?

    4. Re:This is nonsense by MrMr · · Score: 3, Funny

      new flies are examining the dead fly carcasses
      And not the pizza's?
      Quite interesting.

    5. Re:This is nonsense by quadrox · · Score: 3, Insightful

      you are completely wrong. Go read dawkins books, e.g. the blind watchmaker.

    6. Re:This is nonsense by strength_of_10_men · · Score: 5, Funny

      Doesn't work for me either! My car's windshield and hood are plastered with dead insects. You would think that would warn other insects to stay away but no, after every road trip, there are just MORE bugs splattered on my car. I call BS.

    7. Re:This is nonsense by martas · · Score: 4, Funny

      it's Steve, you insensitive clod!

    8. Re:This is nonsense by Follier · · Score: 5, Funny

      A friend of mine would kill one roach, and stick it on a toothpick (or a "pike" as he called it) and stood it up on a bottle-cork at the entrance to a hole -- as an "example to the others!" He swore it worked.

      I just thought he was crazy. Apparently he was on to something.

    9. Re:This is nonsense by Jeffrey_Walsh+VA · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Roaches have lived among humans for long enough that their natural eviroment is our home.

    10. Re:This is nonsense by ObsessiveMathsFreak · · Score: 4, Funny

      It also seems to not jive with the currently understood mechanics of evolution.

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    11. Re:This is nonsense by Nerdposeur · · Score: 5, Insightful

      It also seems to not jive with the currently understood mechanics of evolution. DETECTING such a stench would lead to a survival advantage, but actually emitting it is something done after death - so there is no natural selection at work to lead to the unification of a "death scent" to evolve towards.

      I don't know any more than you do, but here's a possible scenario: when bugs died, they emitted a slight odor as an accidental part of the decomposition process. Insect X is born with a gene that makes him dislike that odor, so he and his offspring avoid diseased corpses and are slightly less likely to die. But it's not foolproof, because the odor is slight.

      Later, one of those insects develops a "be extra stinky when you die" gene. Maybe it means he has more of a certain chemical in his exoskeleton, which bacteria like. It doesn't really help him survive, but it doesn't hurt him either. He has some offspring, and later dies. All his offspring avoid his corpse like crazy, and start doing the same for each other's corpses. Now that whole population is less likely than before to catch disease, and that particular gene keeps getting passed on.

      Think of the gene itself as an organism, with the actual insect being just a host. Would those organisms help either other reproduce? I think so.

    12. Re:This is nonsense by ShadowRangerRIT · · Score: 3, Interesting

      I think bulk breeding and crushing of roaches would likely be a fairly effective means of building these compounds in bulk (assuming, of course, that roaches have a decent amount of these chemicals in them). Paraphrasing and condensing from Wikipedia: In favorable conditions, one female roach can, in her one year lifespan, produce 300-400 offspring, and she only needs to be impregnated once to do so (though the eggs are only laid in groups of ~40 at a time). Aside from one or two commonly available nutrients, their gut bacteria synthesize all other nutrients required to live from whatever they eat, from wood to postage stamp glue to corn oil, so you can feed them otherwise worthless semi-edible plant matter as a form of accelerated composting.

      Besides, I think we can safely say that no matter how much of a threat we pose to the survival of other species (say, most of the world's fish stock), we're in no danger of running out of roaches. And aside from PETA, not a whole lot of people are going to protest a roach crushing facility that enables them to repel roaches. Just don't build it too close to people, or you'll get a whole NIMBY movement going.

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    13. Re:This is nonsense by Darinbob · · Score: 4, Funny

      Damn hippies.

  2. Sharks, too by Das+Auge · · Score: 4, Insightful

    The same thing works on sharks. I watched a Discovery show where they got the sharks into a feeding frenzy, dropped some of the repellent (dead shark material) into the water, and all of the sharks took off in seconds.

    Thinking about it, I doubt very much that humans millennia ago smelled dead human and though, "Hey, I wonder what killed him. I'm going to go see."

    1. Re:Sharks, too by Nadaka · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Not really. It takes a lot of practice to overcome revulsion of the dead. There is nothing that smells quite as bad like a dead person, even a fresh one has a smell that will tie your stomach in a knot. My fiance is a mortician and it took her quite some time to get over the smell. It still creeps me out when I end up having to wait on her at the funeral home.

  3. The only good bug is a dead bug. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Join the Mobile Infantry and save the Galaxy. Service guarantees citizenship. Would you like to know more?

  4. Bring out your dead ! by Fred_A · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Your anecdote does nothing to invalidate the article's data.

    It makes sense for any animal to avoid a site where its own are dead.

    It's the same category of reflex that makes us want to throw up when someone pukes (being social animals we often eat together), that makes us universally find some smells offensive (pretty much always originally attached to something potentially toxic), etc.

    --

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    1. Re:Bring out your dead ! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Funny

      Well, that convinces me. The anecdote that you're not quite sure you've recalled correctly sure outweighs this report from scientists. Kudos!

  5. Folklore by Maximum+Prophet · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Several gardening experts claimed that grinding up bugs and spraying them on crops would repel bugs, but field tests have shown no special results. Perhaps this only works in confined spaces like were cockroaches live.

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  6. Crops by Stile+65 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    How are they going to use this for protecting crops? If ants are repelled, wasps and bees will be, too, and there goes your pollination.

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    1. Re:Crops by Kirijini · · Score: 4, Informative

      How are they going to use this for protecting crops? If ants are repelled, wasps and bees will be, too, and there goes your pollination.

      Corn is pollinated by wind. I'm not going to bother to find sources for each kind of corn, but here's links for maize (American corn), wheat (European corn), and barley barley. (I guess that link only indicates that Barley self-pollinates, not pollinates by wind. whatever.) Rice is also wind-pollinated.

      Potatoes don't need to be pollinated at all.

      Therefore, if a product is developed from cockroach juice, it might be most useful for these kinds of crops. Note that "cereals" and "roots and tubers" are the 1st and 3rd most produced type of crop.

  7. Great... by Gage+With+Union · · Score: 5, Funny

    So the solution to live cockroaches on my floor is dead cockroaches?

    As someone living in a gentrifying neighborhood, any chance this works on hipsters?... (some ground up Converse All-Stars and stovepipe jeans?)

    1. Re:Great... by secretcurse · · Score: 3, Funny

      Well, the one nice thing about hipsters is that they have some level of reasoning. Just nail one to the front door with a sign that reads "no Pabst" and you shouldn't have to deal with any others.

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  8. Re:Smelling death by confused+one · · Score: 3, Funny

    Bob the squirrel saw his cousin Sammy go in there. He saw what happened to Sammy. Bob does not want to end up like Sammy.

    As an added reminder, essence of Sammy remains in the trap. Sammy juice. Yuck.

  9. RAID's days may be numbered by Elwar123 · · Score: 5, Funny

    Is this why there's an article today that RAID's days may be numbered?

  10. Is this new? by Nerdposeur · · Score: 4, Interesting

    A few decades ago, Edward O. Wilson proved that ants mark their trails with scent by removing their organs individually and smearing them around. Eventually he found one that would cause them to follow the trail, and would demonstrate his discovery by writing his name in ants.

    I heard a recorded lecture where he told this story, and he also mentioned that they discovered the "dead ant" smell that would signal the colony that "this one is dead, go put it on the pile." When they put the scent on a live ant, the other ants would carry it off to the pile, ignoring the fact that it was squirming the whole way there. And until the stinky ant cleaned itself off enough, they would keep putting it back every time it left the pile.

    1. Re:Is this new? by Jah-Wren+Ryel · · Score: 3, Funny

      A few decades ago, Edward O. Wilson proved that ants mark their trails with scent by removing their organs individually and smearing them around.

      Damn, those are some masochistic ants.

      --
      When information is power, privacy is freedom.
  11. Less nonsense by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative

    Maybe for some bugs, but for those nasty caca roches, I get a bowl, wipe the top 4 inches around inside with vegtable oil then put whatever inside... coffee grounds, bananas... whatever... There are tons of dead ones in there but that doesn't stop more from coming. Also, cockroaches are cannibals.

    Got a roach problem? Cheap boric acid, sold in plastic bottles everywhere. Don't dump it, pour it, spoon it. Don't waste time preparing mixtures of food and boric acid. Snip the top off of the plastic top. Tip the bottle a little bit, and squeeze. Practice until you can create clouds of fine particles floating in the air. Globs and clumps of white powder do you no good at all - you want a very fine cloud to float out, so that it can settle and coat everything.

    Get rid of kids and pets for a couple days - some people say this stuff is bad for them.

    Proceed to walk all around the house, puffing powder into every corner, nook, crevice, and cranny. Don't forget to crawl under the sink, behind the toilet, behind doors - everywhere. Get the cracks between window frames, behind mirrors, closets, every where! Got a crawlspace under the house? Get down there and puff away. Don't forget the attic, if you have one. Powder the water heater, and the cubby hole that it stands in. (gas heater? this stuff isn't flammable, but for safety sake, you might turn the gas off for a few hours) Get under and behind appliances like microwaves, refrigerators, freezers, washers, dryers and dishwashers.

    Perhaps most importantly, puff this stuff into all cracks between baseboards, paneling, corners of rooms, door frames. If you can get a tool behind a baseboard or panel, pry it out slightly to puff dust behind it.

    I've cleaned out unbelievable infestations in repossessed mobile homes. They don't come back! Three or four of those 1 pound bottles will take care of the largest single wide mobile home, I've used six in doublewides.

    If no one is actually living in the home, there's no need to "clean up" right away. Leave everything like it is, so that if you've missed anyplace, those cannibal roaches come out to consume the dead.

    When it is time to clean up - just sweep and mop floors. There's no need to vacuum the dust from inaccessible places. Just leave it to aid in prevention of future infestations.

    For ten dollars or less, you can accomplish what the high dollar pest control companies cannot.

    NOTE: Dusting for roaches may be less effective in the moist basements inhabited by geeks.

  12. Re:Prolly not going to work. by Hatta · · Score: 3, Informative

    The very high degree of conservation of this trait across species suggests that there are already strong selective pressures to maintain it. Selective use of this stuff is not likely to counter that. Also most evolution happens through frequency shifts of alleles already present in the population, not through creation of new alleles by mutation. Given the long evolutionary history, there may not be many non-functioning alleles for this trait to promote. Mutations are random and infrequent, and most are lethal. It could be many, many years before a suitable mutation arises.

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  13. Geeks are insect experts by millwall · · Score: 4, Funny

    Isn't it cute to note that so many /. geeks are now also apparently insect experts