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Growing Power Gap Could Force Smartphone Tradeoffs

alphadogg writes "Mobile users face a fast-growing gap between their smartphones' increasing power needs and battery capacity. That gap could force users to make tradeoffs in how, and for what, they use their phones, even as vendors at all levels work even harder to reduce power demand in mobile devices, according to Chris Schreck, a research analyst with IMS Research. Schreck estimates that a 1500 mAh battery, the industry's current 'high water mark,' yields for many smartphone users a battery life of about 6 hours — highly dependent on what applications and on-device technologies, including Wi-Fi, users are running. The latest and greatest tech advances, including faster CPUs, higher data throughput, and improved displays all crank up the demand for power. The combination of user behavior and technology is boosting power demand faster than battery capacity can keep up. Schreck estimates power requirements can grow 15% a year."

38 of 246 comments (clear)

  1. Nobel-peas prize (green) by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Interesting

    The android challenge should add a green-attribute somehow. Perhaps a special award to that category. Its not sexy to make the battery last longer. It takes a lot of effort and without reward, it won't happen. That is because the app appears outside the phone framework. e.g. somehow not responsible for power loss, when it is.

    -jp
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    1. Re:Nobel-peas prize (green) by hairyfeet · · Score: 2, Insightful

      The problem is battery tech simply hasn't kept up with the pace of technology in other sectors. Our last breakthrough was...what lithium ion batteries in the late 70s/early 80s? Like my engineer neighbor said to someone who asked him what "green tech" to invest in "Look for companies that are trying to come up with new battery tech, because the company that comes up with lighter and more powerful batteries will be richer than Bill Gates" and he is correct. We desperately need new battery tech to go with all these new mobile devices, we just haven't seen anything new coming down the pipe.

      --
      ACs don't waste your time replying, your posts are never seen by me.
    2. Re:Nobel-peas prize (green) by timeOday · · Score: 2, Informative

      The problem is battery tech simply hasn't kept up with the pace of technology in other sectors.

      To you and the grandparent I ask, where are your expectations coming from, and how aware are you of the progress that has been made?

      Battery technology absolutely has improved, and quite steadily, for years. Don't you remember cellphones from the 80s with NiCad batteries?

      Second, which "other sectors" have grown at a rate anything like Moore's Law over that time period? Moore's Law does not hold for technology in general, just transistors, and even there its days are numbered. (Aerospace and medicine (life expectancy) also shot up astronomically rather early on, then progress slowed).

    3. Re:Nobel-peas prize (green) by lysergic.acid · · Score: 3, Informative

      It's not the rate of energy release that is an issue, but rather energy density. There's also no reason why a high density (or high capacity) battery would be any less safe than low density batteries. I mean, most people are perfectly comfortable driving around in their cars, which has far more energy stored in its fuel tank than any fully-charged laptop battery—not to mention being far more volatile as well.

      Put it another way: would you be worried walking around with a piece of charcoal in your pocket? The energy density of a li-ion battery is 540 kilojoules per kilogram. The energy density of coal is 24 megajoules per kilogram. Oh, and a kilogram of fat? that's 37.7 megajoules. So batteries have quite a ways to go.

      There's no reason why we can't come up with high energy density batteries that are safe, stable, and release their energy in a controlled manner. Perhaps it can't be done with li-ion technology, but I'm sure it can be done. We just need some new breakthroughs in battery technology. But these types of revolutionary technological changes can only be effected by new knowledge gained through basic research. Unfortunately, most government funding seems to go into applied research these days.

      Lastly, if you're still worried about carrying "too much energy" around in your pocket in the form of an electricity, just remember that E=mc^2. So a single gram of material of any form carries 89.87 terajoules of energy. So even an uncharged 1 ounce cellphone battery possesses 2.5 petajoules of energy, or about the same amount of energy as 41 Hiroshima-sized nuclear bombs.

  2. Easy solution...at least for a bit more juice by Karem+Lore · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Considering that a mobile phone is always in your pocket and being moved around, isn't there a way to tap the kinetic energy to send small recharges to the battery throughout the day. This won't be enough to never have to charge, but may delay the time between charges enough to make it worthwhile...

    Like Rolex watches or something.

    --
    When all is said and done, nothing changes...
    1. Re:Easy solution...at least for a bit more juice by ShadowRangerRIT · · Score: 4, Informative

      There's not that much power to be had in your pocket. Even self-winding watches rely on the swinging of your arms to generate power, and they're doing a hell of a lot less with it. The generation machinery itself would also take up space and add weight; you'd be better off increasing the size of the battery.

      --
      $_ = "wftedskaebjgdpjgidbsmnjgcdwatb"; tr/a-z/oh, turtleneck Phrase Jar!/; print
    2. Re:Easy solution...at least for a bit more juice by Rogerborg · · Score: 2, Funny

      "mobile [...] moved around"? Once you're past puberty and move out of your mom's basement, you'll spend most of your time sitting at a desk. When you do get up to heave your bulk to the coffee machine, you'll leave your "mobile" sitting there so that when you finally trudge back, your co-workers can tell you that your novelty ring tone went off four times at full volume while you were away.

      Now, if we could harness stupidity or hatred to power mobiles, they'd run forever.

      --
      If you were blocking sigs, you wouldn't have to read this.
  3. Donkey by NoYob · · Score: 5, Funny

    ... Schreck, a research analyst with IMS Research.

    As a work around, I think he plans on just having Donkey carry around more batteries.

    --
    It's NOT me! It's the meds! I'm on 1000mg of Fukitol.
  4. Could? by LBArrettAnderson · · Score: 2, Insightful

    This already happened. Years ago. I rarely turn on the wifi on my phone, even if I'm in range and even if I'm surfing the internet, and am sure that GPS is turned off unless I'm actually using it.

  5. One wonders if reversible computing will help by liquiddark · · Score: 2, Interesting

    It'd be great to know how much of the battery life is consumed by the processors. If it's a major factor (versus, say, screen life, where LEDs and quantum well diodes should theoretically help), then perhaps the reversible computing push so prevalent in Kurzweil's books and rhetoric could be of some assistance.

    1. Re:One wonders if reversible computing will help by ShadowRangerRIT · · Score: 3, Informative

      I know nothing about quantum well diodes, but the screens are already LED on virtually all smart phones. And their power draw would be negligible when not in use, so I doubt they have much of an influence. Pushing computing out of the phone wouldn't save much; the cost of maintaining an active connection to the network at all times would be substantially higher than the small gains made from using a lower power chip (the chips are already fairly low power). Keep in mind, there would still need to be *a* chip to do the work of maintaining the network connection and drawing to the screen; if it's just bitmap copies, then you need a lot of network communication (and possibly decompression work), if it's drawing primitives, you need more drawing capability to turn them into screen images.

      Many of the more powerful apps are already in the cloud, there's not that much left to push out.

      --
      $_ = "wftedskaebjgdpjgidbsmnjgcdwatb"; tr/a-z/oh, turtleneck Phrase Jar!/; print
  6. Dual-battery config? by jddj · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Wish they'd do one battery for the radio components and one for the CPU/etc. That way your CPU (MP3, gaming, PDA) requirements wouldn't be a slave to your talk time on the phone - and vice-versa.

    Ever have to get some data off your mobile but couldn't turn it on because you've been talking all day and run it down?

    1. Re:Dual-battery config? by oldspewey · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Rather than 2 batteries, I'd much rather have the firmware begin powering down radio functions once the main battery reaches some preset level of discharge. Or instead of a preset level of discharge, a user selectable one.

      --
      If libertarians are so opposed to effective government, why don't they all move to Somalia?
    2. Re:Dual-battery config? by Overzeetop · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Ever have to get some data off your mobile but couldn't turn it on because you've been talking all day and run it down?

      Well, no, but I have wished that I had the juice to make a phone call after having the GPS and golfcaddy software running for a miserably slow 5 hour golf round. Short of needing to check something on the phone, in the middle of nowhere, though, you scenario doesn't come up much as either (a) I pop out the uSD card and put it in a reader* or (b) I dock the phone with a pc and download the information I need. Of course, there's always my preferred method of extra capacity, which involves slipping an extra 40g battery* in my pocket if I'm going to be using the phone heavily all day and there's no charging opportunity in sight. Since my dock charges the internal and extra battery simultaneously, I'm always ready to carry the extra few hours around with me when I'm going to need it.

      Besides, you don't you think it would suck to have half the phone or PDA life? Would you really prefer to lose a call to a dead phone just so that you could check your contacts or email at the end of the day?

      *iPhones need not apply

      --
      Is it just my observation, or are there way too many stupid people in the world?
  7. Slashdot in a bottle by mewsenews · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Let's get the kneejerk comments out of the way:

    - "Doesn't anyone use their phone as a god damn PHONE anymore? I'm running ($massively_antiquated_cellphone) and other than the hernia from carrying it around it stays charged for 3 months!"

    - "6 hours on a charge? My anecdote beats that anecdote!"

    - "Cell phone designers should stop being lazy and make their phones run on the tears of albino unicorns, then we wouldn't have to read about their problems with power consumption."

    - "Technology will advance to take care of this problem. In fact, when the Singularity happens, we won't even need cell phones anymore."

    1. Re:Slashdot in a bottle by StikyPad · · Score: 3, Funny

      Yeah, it's way better when those are consolidated into a single, apathetic post. Plus, I bet that will keep anyone else from posting similar sentiments in a more serious tone. Maybe you could attach that to the beginning of every article from now on, just in case one of the regular killjoys forgets to log on and we miss our usual dose of frowns.

    2. Re:Slashdot in a bottle by mewsenews · · Score: 3, Funny

      Plus, I bet that will keep anyone else from posting similar sentiments in a more serious tone.

      On a serious note, I am sorry about your hernia.

  8. Re:how is this news? by 0rbit4l · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Wow, the un-newsworthiness of this article completely escaped me until you provide a car analogy. It's all so clear now! Obviously, when dealing with a technology that sometimes features geometrically increasing capabilities, we should always remember to think in terms of internal-combustion transportation devices! DUH!

    Back on topic, I think it'll be interesting to see how interfaces make selective shutoff of features more intuitive inside a program, instead of having to bump out & modify device settings. To that end, it might be useful to have programming constructs for developers to indicate that such-and-such function will need network access, or what have you, as a hint to a mobile OS that could do runtime analysis & shut down pieces as necessary.

  9. Good news everybody! by chill · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Necessity is the mother of invention. Nothing will drive battery research like a heavy demand for better batteries.

    Until that time, carry a spare battery. I've always done this, just in case I drain the first one. This is one of the biggest reasons I refuse to buy an iPhone -- you can't remove the battery.

    --
    Learning HOW to think is more important than learning WHAT to think.
    1. Re:Good news everybody! by ColdWetDog · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Until that time, carry a spare battery.

      Until that time, I carry a tiny little cable that lets me charge my cell phone (even the dreaded iPhone) from one of the literally thousands of 5V USB outlets available in civilization.

      I find when I leave civilization, I can't find many cell phone towers so I just use an alternative (sat phone with solar charger). Or I just shut up and enjoy the view.

      Spare batteries on cell phones are an overrated concept.

      This message paid by the Apple (No User Serviceable Parts) Marketing Department.

      --
      Faster! Faster! Faster would be better!
    2. Re:Good news everybody! by IDtheTarget · · Score: 2, Informative

      No, but you can bring an external battery pack or use a battery sleeve, which amounts to the same thing.

    3. Re:Good news everybody! by Marxist+Hacker+42 · · Score: 2, Informative

      This little device from Thinkgeek gets around that problem- a spare battery that charges just about anything with the right dongle:
      http://www.thinkgeek.com/gadgets/travelpower/917b/

      --
      SJW: a person who perceives an injustice, and while correcting it, commits a greater injustice.
  10. Re:Why go faster? Why not stay the same? by ShadowRangerRIT · · Score: 2, Insightful

    The problem is the apps. Running an application means you are using the CPU, memory and/or networking functionality more often. On a smartphone that is used only intermittently for e-mail, the cost is small. If you are running a realtime GPS directions app for an hour at a time, you're using a hell of a lot more. Then add games, fully JavaScript-compatible web browsers, etc. It adds up. Even a normal cell phone runs down the battery an order of magnitude faster while talking than while it's sitting in your pocket. Running apps is more demanding, and consequently the power drains ever faster.

    --
    $_ = "wftedskaebjgdpjgidbsmnjgcdwatb"; tr/a-z/oh, turtleneck Phrase Jar!/; print
  11. pffffttt.. by 0110011001110101 · · Score: 2, Funny

    no biggie, desk charger... check, car charger.. check, nightstand charger.. check. I don't spend more than 10 minutes between any one of those things... so give me all the features baby, i only need 10 minutes between plug in times. (obligatory thats what she said!)

    --
    Don't anthropomorphize computers: they hate that.
  12. Re:Why go faster? Why not stay the same? by Hijacked+Public · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Smartphones are also getting caught up in the same software/hardware race that computers are in.

    Opening Google Maps is painfully slow on an Edge iPhone. On a 3GS it is much faster....but sooner or later Google Maps will add features that will bog it down. So another hardware upgrade will be in order and the cycle will repeat.

    Microsoft is probably itching to slap Aero glass into Winmo, if only someone would increase battery capacity by a few thousandfold.

    --
    "Sacrifice for the good of The State" - The State
  13. Being hungry can force eating too. by Minwee · · Score: 2, Interesting

    As always, it comes down to consumer choice. Do you want an MC-900-Foot-Jesus-Phone with a library of twelve thousand different fart noises at your fingertips which goes from fully charged to flat in six hours, or would you rather tote around a nigh-indestructible Motofone F3 with a battery which lasts over a week on a single charge, but has no features beyond voice and SMS?

    I would advise you to vote with your wallet and let the market decide, but you'd have to buy a new F3 every day for over three weeks just to add up to the cost of The Other Phone so it seems that some votes count more than others.

  14. Charging speed. by RightSaidFred99 · · Score: 2, Insightful

    People always focus on charge capacity and energy usage, but charging speed is just as important. If they can make batteries that charge in a few minutes (or hell, 30 seconds) I wouldn't mind at all if the battery only lasts 6 hours under heavy use. Put some research into that.

    1. Re:Charging speed. by vlm · · Score: 2, Insightful

      If they can make batteries that charge in a few minutes (or hell, 30 seconds) I wouldn't mind at all if the battery only lasts 6 hours under heavy use. Put some research into that.

      No, they'll never do that. The problem isn't chemistry or volume but energy transfer.

      OK, the fine article was talking about 1500 milliamp-hour batteries. So, a huge simplification, but that is an energy storage of 1500 milliamps for one hour. There are 60 minutes in a hour, or, rephrased, that battery holds 90000 milliamp-minutes of energy. Standard SI prefix conversion, that's 90 amp-minutes of energy.

      Unless its a perpetual motion device (which would be a very handy thing to have around) what goes in equals what goes out. Draw out 90 amp-minutes, its going to require 90 amp-minutes to recharge, or a little more due to inefficiency. So, to shove 90 amp-minutes of energy into a battery in 30 seconds, would take an average current of 180 amps.

      Mosey on down to yer local home depot, or other fine retailer of electrician supplies, and ask for a piece of electrical cable capable of passing 200 amps or so, depending on the clerk's competence and local electrical codes, they'll probably suggest 2/0 gauge copper per NEC standards, which vaguely resembles a copper wire rope the diameter of yer thumb. You'll need two such cables, one for positive and one for negative. Then for a good time ask them for very durable connector capable of handling 200 amps, and you'll probably get an anderson powerpole which is roughly the size of an 8-track tape, somewhat bigger than the entire phone you're trying to charge in 30 seconds. You might have seen those connectors on electric forklifts and their chargers...

      For extra fun, consider the wattage of that charger. 180 amps at maybe 4 volts is a healthy 720 watts, roughly the power draw of a one horsepower motor, or perhaps a small microwave oven. I would NOT want to be nearby when that bad boy shorts out or otherwise fails!

      --
      "Science flies us to the moon. Religion flies us into buildings." - Victor Stenger
  15. Thin is In by 99BottlesOfBeerInMyF · · Score: 4, Interesting

    A trend I've noticed for both smartphones and laptops is the constant drive to reduce size and make devices thinner. Smaller and thinner is trendier. Frankly, I wish they're just make an iPhone or laptop twice as thick, thus quadrupling the battery life. I'm not a weakling. I can carry a bit more weight especially if the device is functional enough to take over the function of some other devices I would otherwise carry.

    1. Re:Thin is In by fabs64 · · Score: 3, Informative

      Kind've on-topic: You can get a third party replacement battery for the G1 that's 2300mhA and about a third thicker, comes with a replacement backplate.

  16. Re:There already is a tradeoff by Orange+Crush · · Score: 2, Informative

    I feel there already is a tradeoff. I have an iPhone 3GS, and I know that if I surf the internet or play games for 3-4 hours I'll all but kill the battery. A 2 hour bike ride with the GPS turned on and my route-tracking app running will suck nearly 50% of the battery life from it.

    You can get one of these, or a try a more do-it-yourself option

  17. Re:Isn't the battery somewhat outdated? by JSBiff · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Well, if we are proposing new power technologies, how about something *slightly* more practical, like small scale fuel cells? Or, if you want to go really pie-in-the-sky, how about small scale atomic batteries or radioisotope thermoelectric generators. Change your batteries every 15-20 years.

  18. A new chargers infrastructure ? by S3D · · Score: 2, Interesting

    It seems it will be a while before there will be significant progress in batteries. As a stop-gap measure is it realistic to deploy network of chargers? Chargers at cafe, shops, gov offices, ATM and phone booths. Preferably inductive chargers to evade connectors hell. Cellular network operators can brand them, to give them incentive. Payment can go into phone bill.

  19. Set proper expectations... by rickb928 · · Score: 2, Insightful

    My G-1 had horrible battery life.

    Until I realized that it was more netbook than it was cell phone.

    Now I have my expectations set correctly, and I'm not so disappointed with the battery life. Oh, it could be better, maybe, and I would like more than about 9 hours typical life before it goes into the low battery profile, but I now know it is just not a cell phone.

    It's more.

    And that takes more power.

    And we don't have batteries that do that.

    Can we squeeze some methane fuel cells into the available form factor? I wish...

    --
    deleting the extra space after periods so i can stay relevant, yeah.
  20. No solution in sight? by zmollusc · · Score: 2, Informative

    Way back in the time of analogue mobile phones I had a nokia whose battery pack was six AA sized Ni-Cad cells. All the phones I have had over the last 6 years have had batteries the size of a wafer-thin mint and, by staggering coincidence, short operating times.
    Making the phone twice as thick would give you approx 1000% more room for the battery.

    --
    They whose government reduces their essential liberties for temporary security, receive neither liberty nor security.
  21. Re:There already is a tradeoff by SuiteSisterMary · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I was shocked the other day when I noticed that running my 3gs with 'everything' on and TomTom, the car charger was keeping the battery at 58%. Not 'charging' it.

    What I'd love is a simple app (in the app store, dammit) which lets you define profiles. When I'm driving, I don't need wi-fi on, I probably don't need 3G on. When I'm at the office, I don't need location services on, I don't need 3G on, but I do need wi-fi on. And so on.

    --
    Vintage computer games and RPG books available. Email me if you're interested.
  22. Re:how is this news? by Grishnakh · · Score: 2, Insightful

    You're missing the point, which is that apparently smartphones are doing really well in the market now, and people want more and more functionality and power, but the makers are running up against power limits with the batteries they're using.

    To use your car analogy, it's sorta like customers demanding ever-larger engines in their ever-larger cars, but not wanting bigger fuel tanks or higher gas bills. Right now, people aren't clamoring for V12 and V16 engines making 1000+ bhp, so there's no news there, but there would be if people were buying V16 (or W16) engines left and right, especially if they were then complaining about the bad fuel economy.

  23. Multicore solution by g00ey · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Perhaps using multiple cores can do the trick. Say that we have the following cores:

    1. Basic-core This handles the basic operations on the phone and is run at all time
    2. Basic User interface core. When the user starts interacting with the phone this one kicks in and handles the basic operations
    3. Advanced User interface This one starts as soon as more CPU intensive tasks are being engaged such as browsing through pictures, writing SMS/MMS (using dictionary lookups) etc
    4. Multimedia core This core is activated when playing audio and/or video

    Only the first of the 4 cores is active all the time and depending on user operation the others are activated/deactivated accordingly so as to consume minimal wattage. Perhaps the settings can provide the user with the options of forcing core 3 to be disabled to save power and/or forcing it to be enabled (when core 2 is enabled) so as to ensure GUI speed. If the battery runs out the phone can automatically enforce some of the cores to stay disabled until the battery is put on recharge...

    This is just an idea but maybe it works...